Anode carbon block group for aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention discloses an anode carbon block group for an aluminum electrolysis cell, and relates to the technical field of anode carbon blocks, the anode carbon block group is technically characterized by comprising three unit anode carbon blocks, and the three unit anode carbon blocks are provided with mechanical strength reinforcing structures matched with the unit anode carbon blocks; each unit anode carbon block is internally provided with a thermal gradient regulation and control structure, and the outer sides of the three unit anode carbon blocks are provided with an electrolyte-proof rare earth coating, and the mechanical strength strengthening structures, the thermal gradient regulation and control structures and the electrolyte-proof rare earth coatings are arranged on the outer sides of the three unit anode carbon blocks. The problems of stress concentration and thermal shock of a traditional integral anode are effectively solved, a multi-protection system with mechanical deformation resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance and thermal expansion displacement control functions is constructed, dynamic displacement compensation is achieved through the modular partitioning design, interface crack initiation and expansion are remarkably inhibited, and the stability and the reliability of the system are improved. The problem of anode failure caused by thermal mechanical stress caused by temperature fluctuation in the operation of the electrolytic cell is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anode carbon blocks, and particularly to an anode carbon block group for an aluminum electrolysis cell. Background Art

[0002] In industrial production, metallic aluminum is mainly prepared by the Hall-Héroult molten salt electrolysis method. The core process is to dissolve alumina in a molten electrolyte mainly composed of cryolite for electrolysis. The electrolysis cell, as the core reaction vessel, consists of an anode system and a cathode system. Among them, the anode carbon block group, as a key positive electrode component, continuously participates in the oxidation reaction and is gradually consumed during the electrolysis process. It is necessary to regularly replace the residual anode and reassemble a new carbon block group through the anode assembly workshop to form a periodic cyclic operation system.

[0003] During the actual operation of the electrolysis cell, drastic fluctuations in the temperature field (such as operating conditions like starting and stopping the furnace, and changes in current load) will cause significant thermo-mechanical stress problems: Since the carbon anode (thermal expansion coefficient is about 4.5×10 -6 / °C) and the cryolite-based electrolyte (about 16×10 -6 / °C) have a thermal expansion coefficient difference of more than three times, the repeated thermal expansion and contraction effects at the interface will cause microcracks to form on the anode surface. Under the synergistic effect of electrolyte penetration and erosion, such damage will ultimately cause premature breakage or even fracture failure of the anode, directly affecting the operation efficiency of the electrolysis cell and the anode replacement cycle. Therefore, we propose a new type of anode carbon block group for an aluminum electrolysis cell. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an anode carbon block group for an aluminum electrolysis cell to solve the problem of anode failure caused by thermo-mechanical stress induced by temperature fluctuations during the operation of the electrolysis cell.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An anode carbon block group for an aluminum electrolysis cell includes unit anode carbon blocks. The number of the unit anode carbon blocks is three. A mechanical strength strengthening structure adapted to the unit anode carbon blocks is provided on the three unit anode carbon blocks. A thermal gradient regulation structure is provided inside the unit anode carbon blocks. An anti-electrolyte rare earth coating is provided on the outer sides of the three unit anode carbon blocks. The anti-electrolyte rare earth coating is made of a yttria-stabilized zirconia coating.

[0006] The mechanical strength strengthening structure includes a strength strengthening frame fixedly installed on the unit anode carbon block. A number of through holes are provided on the strength strengthening frame. The bottom of the strength strengthening frame is bolted with a bottom cover adapted to the strength strengthening frame. Through holes corresponding to the strengthening frame are provided on the bottom cover. The three strength strengthening frames are connected to each other by connecting rods.

[0007] The thermal gradient regulation structure includes a number of ball grooves and rod grooves opened inside the unit anode carbon block, where the ball grooves and rod grooves communicate with each other to form a heat conduction channel; a number of heat conduction balls adapted to the ball grooves are fixedly installed in the inner cavities of the ball grooves, and a number of heat conduction rods adapted to the rod grooves are fixedly installed in the inner cavities of the rod grooves, and the heat conduction balls and heat conduction rods are interconnected in the heat conduction channel to form a heat conduction network.

[0008] Preferably, the four corners of the three unit anode carbon blocks adopt an arc transition design to form an arc-shaped edge structure.

[0009] Preferably, both the strength reinforcement frame and the bottom cover are made of chromium carbide-based cermet, and the strength reinforcement frame and the bottom cover are in contact with the unit anode carbon block.

[0010] Preferably, the ball grooves and rod grooves correspond one-to-one with the heat conduction balls and heat conduction rods, and both the heat conduction balls and heat conduction rods are processed from tungsten copper alloy.

[0011] Preferably, carbon bowls are opened at the tops of the three unit anode carbon blocks, and an anti-detachment structure is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbon bowls. The anti-detachment structure includes an anti-detachment screw bolted to the carbon bowl. A conductive anti-detachment pressure ring is arranged on the anti-detachment screw, and the anti-detachment screw penetrates through the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring. Insertion grooves are symmetrically opened on the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring, and a conductive pressing wedge block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring; a pressing member is arranged at the bottom of the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring. The pressing member includes a conductive pressure plate, and conductive pressure blocks are symmetrically installed on the conductive pressure plate. The conductive pressure blocks are adapted to the conductive pressing wedge blocks; the volume of the insertion grooves is larger than the volume of the conductive pressure blocks; a rotatable conductive connection column is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the conductive pressure plate, and a conductive base cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotatable conductive connection column.

[0012] Preferably, a steel claw is fixedly installed at the top of the conductive base cylinder, and an aluminum guide rod is fixedly installed on the steel claw.

[0013] Preferably, phosphorus cast iron is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbon bowl.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By setting a mechanical strength reinforcement structure including a strength reinforcement frame and a bottom cover, the present invention effectively resists mechanical stress and thermal stress, improves the overall strength of the anode carbon block group, and extends the service life;

[0016] 2. By designing the corners of the unit anode carbon block into an arc shape, the present invention eliminates stress concentration at the corners, reduces the probability of crack initiation, and improves the overall thermal shock resistance of the anode;

[0017] 3. The present invention provides a thermal gradient regulation structure, including a spherical groove, a rod groove, a heat-conducting ball, and a heat-conducting rod, which form a three-dimensional heat-conducting network, enabling rapid and uniform heat transfer, reducing the temperature gradient, decreasing the amplitude of thermal expansion and contraction, and inhibiting the propagation of interfacial microcracks.

[0018] 4. The present invention provides an anti-electrolyte rare earth coating, which serves as an anti-electrolyte penetration layer and a thermal stress buffer layer, effectively preventing the penetration of oxygen and molten salt, reducing the problem of oxidation and slagging, protecting the anode carbon block, and extending its service life.

[0019] 5. The present invention provides an anti-disconnection structure, which utilizes the synergistic effect of an anti-disconnection screw, a conductive anti-disconnection pressure ring, a pressing part, a conductive pressing wedge block, a conductive connection column, and a conductive base cylinder to ensure that the steel claw does not fall off under thermal expansion or electrolyte erosion, maintaining electrical conductivity continuity and enhancing the stability and service life of the anode assembly.

[0020] 6. Through block design, compared with the problem of stress concentration in traditional integral anodes, the device divides the anode into three independent units, allowing for small displacements during thermal expansion and contraction, avoiding stress concentration, solving the problem of failure of traditional integral anodes, and enhancing stability and service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a complete structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is of the present invention Figure 1 structural schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 3 is of the present invention Figure 2 cross-sectional structural schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the thermal gradient regulation structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the phosphorus cast iron of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 5 partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 7 is of the present invention Figure 6 enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A;

[0028] Figure 8 is of the present invention Figure 7 structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1. Unit anode carbon block; 11. Carbon bowl; 2. Mechanical strength strengthening structure; 201. Strength strengthening frame; 202. Through hole; 203. Bottom cover; 3. Thermal gradient regulation structure; 301. Ball groove; 302. Rod groove; 303. Heat conducting ball; 304. Heat conducting rod; 4. Anti - detachment structure; 401. Anti - detachment screw; 402. Conductive anti - detachment pressure ring; 403. Insertion groove; 404. Conductive compression wedge block; 405. Pressing part; 4051. Conductive pressure plate; 4052. Conductive pressure block; 406. Conductive connection column; 407. Conductive base cylinder; 5. Steel claw; 6. Aluminum conductor rod; 7. Phosphorus pig iron; 8. Anti - electrolyte rare earth coating. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the directions such as "up, down" are usually relative to the directions shown in the drawings, or relative to the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational directions; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "left, right" are usually relative to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself, but the above orientation terms are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , an anode carbon block group for an aluminum electrolysis cell, including a unit anode carbon block 1. The number of unit anode carbon blocks 1 is three. A mechanical strength strengthening structure 2 adapted to the unit anode carbon block 1 is provided on the three unit anode carbon blocks 1. A thermal gradient regulation structure 3 is arranged inside the unit anode carbon block 1. An anti - electrolyte rare earth coating 8 is provided on the outer sides of the three unit anode carbon blocks 1. The anti - electrolyte rare earth coating 8 is made of yttria - stabilized zirconia coating. Among them, the anti - electrolyte rare earth coating 8 provided on the outer sides of the three unit anode carbon blocks 1, made of yttria - stabilized zirconia coating, serves as an anti - electrolyte penetration layer and a thermal stress buffer layer, playing a key role in the aluminum electrolysis process. The coating can remain stable at high temperatures, form a dense oxide film, effectively prevent the penetration of oxygen and molten salt, and reduce the oxidation and slagging problems of the anode carbon block. At the same time, the coating can also reduce the thermal expansion and contraction of the anode carbon block caused by temperature changes, thereby reducing the risk of stress and cracks. Through these mechanisms, the anti - electrolyte rare earth coating 8 protects the anode carbon block, extends its service life, and improves the overall operation efficiency of the electrolysis cell.

[0034] The mechanical strength strengthening structure 2 includes a strength strengthening frame 201 fixedly installed on the unit anode carbon block 1. A number of through holes 202 are opened on the strength strengthening frame 201. The bottom of the strength strengthening frame 201 is bolt - connected with a bottom cover 203 adapted to the strength strengthening frame 201. Through holes 202 corresponding to the strengthening frame 201 are opened on the bottom cover 203. The three strength strengthening frames 201 are connected to each other by a connecting rod 204.

[0035] The mechanical strength reinforcement structure 2 provides additional support for the unit anode carbon block 1 through a strength reinforcement frame 201, a bottom cover 203 and a connecting rod 204. The strength reinforcement frame 201 is wrapped and fixed to the outside of the unit anode carbon block 1, and the through hole 202 thereon ensures that the carbon block is in contact with the electrolyte to ensure current conduction and heat dissipation. The bottom cover 203 is bolted to the strength reinforcement frame 201 to facilitate replacement of the carbon block after consumption. The three strength reinforcement frames 201 are fixed by connecting rods 204 to form a stable whole. During the electrolysis process, the structure effectively resists mechanical stress and thermal stress through rigid support and fixed connection, thereby improving the overall strength. Its through hole 202 design not only ensures functional requirements, but also assists in heat dissipation and prolongs service life.

[0036] The thermal gradient control structure 3 includes a plurality of ball grooves 301 and rod grooves 302 opened inside the unit anode carbon block 1, wherein the ball grooves 301 and the rod grooves 302 are interconnected to form a heat conduction channel; a plurality of ball grooves 301 are fixedly installed with heat conduction balls 303 adapted to the ball grooves 301 in their inner cavities, and a plurality of rod grooves 302 are fixedly installed with heat conduction rods 304 adapted to the rod grooves 302 in their inner cavities, and the heat conduction balls 303 and the heat conduction rods 304 are interconnected in the heat conduction channel to form a heat conduction network.

[0037] The thermal gradient control structure 3 forms a three-dimensional heat conduction network through the ball groove 301, the rod groove 302, the heat conduction ball 303 and the heat conduction rod 304. During the electrolysis process, the high temperature generated by the unit anode carbon block 1 is quickly discharged through the heat conduction ball 303 and the heat conduction rod 304 made of tungsten-copper alloy. The connection design forms a heat conduction channel, so that the heat is quickly and evenly transferred to all parts of the carbon block. This structure can effectively reduce the temperature gradient at the interface between the anode and the electrolyte, reduce the amplitude of thermal expansion and contraction, inhibit the expansion of interface microcracks, and block the vicious cycle of electrolyte penetration and erosion through uniform temperature field distribution. At the same time, the three-dimensional network formed by the heat conduction ball 303 and the heat conduction rod 304 enhances the mechanical strength of the anode carbon block and significantly improves its stress resistance, thereby extending the service life of the anode.

[0038] In some embodiments, the top corners of the three unit anode carbon blocks 1 are designed with arc transitions to form an arc-shaped edge structure.

[0039] In this embodiment, the corners of the unit anode carbon block 1 are designed with arc transition to form an arc-shaped edge structure. This design continues to play a role during the electrolysis process, effectively reducing the stress concentration at the corners and the risk of cracks by dispersing and alleviating thermal expansion and contraction, electrolyte penetration erosion and mechanical stress concentration at the corners. It provides comprehensive protection for the anode carbon block, prolongs its service life and improves the stability of electrolytic cell operation.

[0040] In some embodiments, both the strength reinforcement frame 201 and the bottom cover 203 are made of chromium carbide-based cermet, and the strength reinforcement frame 201 and the bottom cover 203 are in contact with the unit anode carbon block 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the strength reinforcement frame 201 and the bottom cover 203 are made of chromium carbide-based cermet and are in close contact with the unit anode carbon block 1. During assembly, the strength reinforcement frame 201 is fixed to the unit anode carbon block 1, and the bottom cover 203 is connected to the bottom of the frame by bolts to form a stable support structure. During the electrolysis process, this structure withstands mechanical stress and thermal stress, protecting the unit anode carbon block 1 from damage. The high strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the chromium carbide-based cermet enhance the overall strength of the anode carbon block group. When the unit anode carbon block 1 is consumed, the bolts of the bottom cover 203 can be quickly disassembled to replace the new carbon block and the support structure, improving the maintenance efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments, the ball groove 301 and the rod groove 302 correspond to the heat-conducting ball 303 and the heat-conducting rod 304 one by one, and both the heat-conducting ball 303 and the heat-conducting rod 304 are processed from tungsten copper alloy.

[0043] In this embodiment, the ball groove 301 and the rod groove 302 correspond to the heat-conducting ball 303 and the heat-conducting rod 304 one by one and are all processed from tungsten copper alloy. During the electrolysis process, the high temperature generated by the unit anode carbon block 1 is quickly transferred through the heat-conducting ball 303 and the heat-conducting rod 304 in the three-dimensional heat conduction network formed by the ball groove 301 and the rod groove 302. The heat-conducting ball 303 and the heat-conducting rod 304 made of tungsten copper alloy ensure the rapid and uniform export of heat, reduce the temperature gradient at the anode and electrolyte interface, reduce the amplitude of thermal expansion and contraction, inhibit the propagation of interface microcracks, and block the vicious cycle of electrolyte penetration and erosion. At the same time, the three-dimensional heat conduction network enhances the mechanical strength of the anode carbon block, improves the stress resistance, and significantly improves the stability and durability of the anode assembly.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 and Figures 7 to 8, at the top of the three-unit anode carbon block 1, there is a carbon bowl 11. An anti-detachment structure 4 is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbon bowl 11. The anti-detachment structure 4 includes an anti-detachment screw 401 bolted to the carbon bowl 11. A conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402 is arranged on the anti-detachment screw 401. The anti-detachment screw 401 penetrates through the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402. Insertion grooves 403 are symmetrically arranged on the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402. A conductive pressure-compacting wedge 404 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402; at the bottom of the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402, there is a pressing member 405. The pressing member 405 includes a conductive pressure plate 4051. Conductive pressure blocks 4052 are symmetrically installed on the conductive pressure plate 4051. The conductive pressure blocks 4052 are adapted to the conductive pressure-compacting wedges 404; the volume of the insertion grooves 403 is larger than the volume of the conductive pressure blocks 4052; at the center of the top of the conductive pressure plate 4051, a rotatable conductive connection column 406 is fixedly installed. A conductive base cylinder 407 is rotatably connected to the rotatable conductive connection column 406.

[0045] The anti-detachment structure 4 is composed of an anti-detachment screw 401, a conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402, conductive pressure-compacting wedges 404, a pressing member 405 (including a conductive pressure plate 4051 and conductive pressure blocks 4052), a conductive connection column 406 and a conductive base cylinder 407, and is located in the inner cavity of the carbon bowl 11. During assembly, first place the pressing member 405 into the carbon bowl 11 so that the conductive pressure blocks 4052 are aligned with the insertion grooves 403 of the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402; rotate the conductive connection column 406 to make the inclined surfaces of the conductive pressure blocks 4052 coincide with those of the conductive pressure-compacting wedges 404 to prevent the conductive pressure plate 4051 from falling off; rotate the anti-detachment screw 401 to press down the conductive anti-detachment pressure ring 402 to make the conductive pressure blocks 4052 fit tightly with the conductive pressure-compacting wedges 404 to form a stable structure. This structure can ensure that the steel claw 5 does not fall off under thermal expansion or electrolyte erosion, maintain the conductive continuity, and improve the stability and service life of the anode assembly.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , at the top of the conductive base cylinder 407, a steel claw 5 is fixedly installed. An aluminum conducting rod 6 is fixedly installed on the steel claw 5.

[0047] The conductive base cylinder 407, the steel claw 5 and the aluminum conducting rod 6 constitute the connection path between the anode carbon block group and the external power supply. The conductive base cylinder 407 supports and fixes the steel claw 5. The steel claw 5 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, responsible for transmitting current to the anode carbon block group and simultaneously fixedly supporting the entire carbon block group.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , there is phosphorus cast iron 7 arranged in the inner cavity of the carbon bowl 11.

[0049] The carbon bowl 11 is located at the top of the unit anode carbon block 1 and is used to accommodate and fix the anti - detachment structure 4 and the phosphor iron 7. The phosphor iron 7, as an iron alloy, is cast in the inner cavity of the carbon bowl 11 and filled between the components of the anti - detachment structure 4. After cooling and solidifying, it forms a solid whole, firmly fixing the steel claw 5 on the anode carbon block, forming a reliable electrical connection. During the electrolysis process, the phosphor iron 7 adapts to thermal expansion, withstands high temperatures and electrolyte erosion, maintains the connection stability, ensures the smooth transmission of current, and significantly improves the stability and service life of the anode assembly.

[0050] Specifically in use, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0051] Before the anode carbon block group is used, the assembly of the steel claw 5 and the unit anode carbon block 1 is required. First, align the voltage - conducting block 4052 and insert it into the slot 403. Place the pressing part 405 into the carbon bowl 11 and pass through the conductive anti - detachment pressure ring 402. Under the action of the conductive base cylinder 407, rotate the conductive connection column 406 to make the inclined surfaces of the voltage - conducting block 4052 and the voltage - conducting pressing wedge block 404 coincide, preventing the voltage - conducting disk 4051 from falling off. After adjusting the position, rotate the anti - detachment screw 401 to prompt the conductive anti - detachment pressure ring 402 to press down, making the inclined surfaces of the voltage - conducting block 4052 and the voltage - conducting pressing wedge block 404 fit tightly. Then, after pouring the liquid phosphor iron 7, the steel claw 5 is firmly fixed on the unit anode carbon block 1.

[0052] Before the anode carbon block group is used, the precise assembly of the steel claw 5 and the unit anode carbon block 1 needs to be completed. First, align the voltage - conducting block 4052 and insert it into the slot 403. Place the pressing part 405 into the carbon bowl 11 and pass through the conductive anti - detachment pressure ring 402. Under the action of the conductive base cylinder 407, rotate the conductive connection column 406 to make the inclined surfaces of the voltage - conducting block 4052 and the voltage - conducting pressing wedge block 404 coincide, preventing the voltage - conducting disk 4051 from falling off. After adjusting the position, rotate the anti - detachment screw 401 to prompt the conductive anti - detachment pressure ring 402 to press down, making the inclined surfaces of the voltage - conducting block 4052 and the voltage - conducting pressing wedge block 404 fit tightly. Then, after pouring the liquid phosphor iron 7, the steel claw 5 is firmly fixed on the unit anode carbon block 1. During the thermal effect, even if cracks occur in the phosphor iron 7, the voltage - conducting block 4052 and the voltage - conducting pressing wedge block 404 can further prevent the steel claw 5 from detaching from the unit anode carbon block 1, ensuring the electrical conductivity continuity and significantly improving the thermal shock resistance of the anode assembly.

[0053] The strength - strengthening frame 201 on the unit anode carbon block 1 serves as a rigid support. It not only undertakes the mechanical support function, but also the design of its through - holes 202 can ensure the contact between the unit anode carbon block 1 and the electrolyte, guarantee the current conduction efficiency while promoting heat dissipation. The strength - strengthening frame 201 and the bottom cover 203 are both made of chromium carbide - based cermet. The chromium carbide - based cermet (such as Cr 3 C 2-The elastic modulus of the NiCr composite ceramic is much higher than that of the carbon block, which can significantly restrict the deformation of the unit anode carbon block 1. At the same time, its high thermal conductivity improves the temperature uniformity and reduces the concentration of thermal stress. The bottom cover 203 and the strength reinforcement frame 201 are connected by bolts, which is convenient for quickly replacing the unit anode carbon block 1 after consumption. The three strength reinforcement frames 201 are connected to each other by connecting rods 204 to form a stable overall structure, significantly improving the mechanical strength of the anode carbon block group.

[0054] The four top corners of the unit anode carbon block 1 adopt an arc transition design to form an arc-shaped edge structure, effectively reducing the stress concentration at the top corners. The anti-electrolyte rare earth coating 8 (yttria-stabilized zirconia coating with a thickness of 0.3 - 0.8 mm) set on the surface serves as an anti-electrolyte penetration and thermal stress buffer layer, further enhancing the structural stability. The anti-electrolyte rare earth coating 8 can reduce the phase change and volume change of the anode carbon block at high temperatures, improve the coating stability and anti-erosion performance, and form a dense oxide film to prevent the penetration of oxygen and molten salt, reducing the problem of oxidation and slagging.

[0055] In terms of thermal management, the three-dimensional thermal conduction network constructed inside the unit anode carbon block 1 is formed by the connection design of the thermal conduction balls 303 and the thermal conduction rods 304 through the ball grooves 301 and the rod grooves 302. The high temperature generated by electrolysis is quickly exported through the thermal conduction balls 303 and the thermal conduction rods 304 made of tungsten copper alloy, significantly reducing the temperature gradient at the anode and electrolyte interface. This design not only reduces the amplitude of thermal expansion and contraction but also inhibits the propagation of interface microcracks and blocks the vicious cycle of electrolyte penetration and erosion through the uniform temperature field distribution. At the same time, the three-dimensional network composed of the thermal conduction balls 303 and the thermal conduction rods 304 enhances the mechanical strength of the anode carbon block and improves its stress resistance.

[0056] In addition, the anode is divided into three independent unit anode carbon blocks 1, allowing them to produce small displacements during thermal expansion and contraction, avoiding stress concentration. Thermodynamic simulations show that the interface stress can be reduced by 40% - 60% after segmentation, effectively solving the failure problem of traditional integral anodes caused by stress concentration.

[0057] Through the above design, the anode carbon block group of this device forms a synergistic effect in terms of mechanical support, thermal management, anti-disconnection structure 4, and segmentation optimization, comprehensively improving the operation stability of the electrolytic cell and the service life of the anode. The double guarantee of the strength reinforcement framework and the three-dimensional thermal conduction network not only strengthens the stress resistance of the structure but also effectively regulates the temperature gradient; the anti-disconnection structure 4 adapts to thermal expansion through its double constraint mechanism, and the segmentation design further disperses the stress concentration, jointly constructing a high-performance anode carbon block group suitable for the harsh working conditions of the electrolytic cell.

[0058] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve substantially the same technical problems and achieve substantially the same technical effects are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: It includes a unit anode carbon block, the number of the unit anode carbon blocks is three, the three unit anode carbon blocks are provided with a mechanical strength reinforcement structure adapted to the unit anode carbon blocks, the interior of the unit anode carbon block is provided with a thermal gradient control structure, and the outer sides of the three unit anode carbon blocks are provided with an electrolyte-proof rare earth coating, and the electrolyte-proof rare earth coating is made of yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide coating; The mechanical strength reinforcement structure includes a strength reinforcement frame fixedly mounted on the unit anode carbon block, a plurality of through holes are provided on the strength reinforcement frame, a bottom cover adapted to the strength reinforcement frame is bolted to the bottom of the strength reinforcement frame, a through hole corresponding to the reinforcement frame is provided on the bottom cover, and the three strength reinforcement frames are connected to each other by connecting rods; The thermal gradient control structure includes a plurality of ball grooves and rod grooves opened inside the unit anode carbon block, wherein the ball grooves and the rod grooves are interconnected to form a heat conduction channel; a plurality of ball grooves are fixedly installed with heat conduction balls adapted to the ball grooves, and a plurality of rod grooves are fixedly installed with heat conduction rods adapted to the rod grooves, and the heat conduction balls and the heat conduction rods are interconnected in the heat conduction channel to form a heat conduction network.

2. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top corners of the three unit anode carbon blocks are designed with arc transition to form an arc-shaped edge structure.

3. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strength reinforcement frame and the bottom cover are both made of chromium carbide-based metal ceramics, wherein the strength reinforcement frame and the bottom cover are in contact with the unit anode carbon block.

4. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball groove and the rod groove correspond to the heat-conducting ball and the heat-conducting rod one by one, wherein the heat-conducting ball and the heat-conducting rod are both made of tungsten-copper alloy.

5. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A carbon bowl is provided on the top of the three unit anode carbon blocks, and an anti-slip structure is provided in the inner cavity of the carbon bowl. The anti-slip structure includes an anti-slip screw bolted to the carbon bowl, and a conductive anti-slip pressure ring is provided on the anti-slip screw. The anti-slip screw passes through the conductive anti-slip pressure ring, and insertion grooves are symmetrically provided on the conductive anti-slip pressure ring. A conductive clamping wedge is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conductive anti-slip pressure ring. A pressing piece is arranged at the bottom of the conductive anti-dropping pressure ring, and the pressing piece includes a conductive voltage plate, on which a conductive voltage block is symmetrically mounted, and the conductive voltage block is adapted to the conductive clamping wedge block; the volume of the insertion slot is larger than the volume of the conductive voltage block; A rotatable conductive connecting column is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the conductive voltage disk, and a conductive base cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotatable conductive connecting column.

6. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A steel claw is fixedly installed on the top of the conductive base cylinder, and an aluminum guide rod is fixedly installed on the steel claw.

7. An anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the charcoal bowl is provided with phosphorus pig iron.

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