A walnut shell breaking machine combining belt conveying and self-profiling extrusion

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined belt conveyor and self-propelled extrusion walnut shelling machine, comprising a frame, a feeding assembly, a self-propelled extrusion shelling assembly, and a discharge plate. The feeding assembly is longitudinally positioned in the middle of the frame, with its front end positioned between the upper and lower layers of the front of the frame. The self-propelled extrusion shelling assembly is positioned at the rear of the frame, below the rear of the feeding assembly. The discharge plate is fixed to the rear bottom plate of the frame and located directly below the rear of the self-propelled extrusion shelling assembly. This machine achieves continuous, high-efficiency material conveying and high-quality extrusion shelling of walnuts through the feeding assembly and the self-propelled extrusion shelling assembly. It utilizes a self-propelled clamp to apply uniform, directional force to the walnuts. By adjusting the locking time of the self-propelled clamp, the self-propelled envelope depth and extrusion stroke can be adjusted, making it suitable for shelling different varieties, shapes, and sizes of walnuts, balancing shelling effect and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, specifically to a walnut shelling machine that combines a belt conveyor with a self-conforming extrusion mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Walnuts have extremely high nutritional and economic value. However, there are many varieties of walnuts, with significant differences in shape and size. Commonly used shell-cracking equipment has poor versatility, resulting in a high rate of kernel damage and a low rate of exposed kernels, which affects the value of subsequent products. Therefore, shell-cracking equipment with a high rate of exposed kernels is beneficial for reducing walnut processing costs and increasing the economic added value of walnuts.

[0003] Existing walnut shelling machines mainly employ compression or impact methods, using a compression head to squeeze or impact the walnuts in one or two directions to crack them and extract the kernels. However, conventional rigid compression heads cannot adapt to the differences in walnut shape and size, resulting in uneven force distribution during single-point or multi-point compression, leading to unsatisfactory shelling results. For example, patent number 2020115716607 discloses a synchronous elastic cylinder walnut shelling machine, which uses a ring-shaped lifting mechanism to transport walnuts to the shelling rotor where they are crushed by a shelling cylinder. Patent number 202410769526X discloses a walnut shelling device that uses a rotating roller to position the walnut seam and a cylinder to push a compression plate to crush the walnuts. While self-conforming mechanisms or adaptive clamps can achieve uniform force compression by conforming to the shape of the walnut shell, the lack of a matching automatic feeding mechanism leads to low efficiency or poor reliability of the automatic feeding mechanism, and it is prone to interference and collision with the self-conforming clamp. For example, patent number 20 Patent No. 24101454344 discloses an automatic contour-following walnut shell-breaking device and method. Based on the extension distance of multiple telescopic rods on a spherical shell, the device performs envelope fitting on the walnut inside the shell to simulate the shape of the walnut. After that, it squeezes in the direction of the walnut's center seam, resulting in good shell-breaking effect. However, the walnut is fed intermittently, resulting in low shell-breaking efficiency and the inability to operate continuously. Patent No. 2024116137328 discloses an adaptive wrapping contour-following extrusion walnut shell-breaking machine. It uses an adaptive clamp to wrap and shape the walnut, achieving a denser, similar force-like extrusion, which improves the shell-breaking and whole-kernel rate. However, the width of the aluminum block fixed on the conveyor chain is not easy to determine, the adaptive clamp has low contour-following reliability, and it is easy to interfere with the aluminum block during contour-following, affecting the contour-following shell-breaking effect. It also requires high surface accuracy of the inner surface of the outer contour cam used for clamp locking, making design and processing difficult.

[0004] In summary, considering the differences in size and shape characteristics of different walnut varieties, a combined belt conveyor and self-promoting extrusion walnut shelling machine was designed. This machine integrates the advantages of high-quality extrusion shelling by a self-promoting mechanism and high-efficiency feeding and conveying by a chain belt structure, while avoiding interference between the moving parts of the two during operation. This design is of great significance to the development of my country's walnut industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of poor versatility, low shelling and whole-kernel rate, and difficulty in balancing shelling effect and efficiency of the walnut shelling equipment described in the background, by providing a combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergistic walnut shelling machine.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion walnut shelling machine, comprising a frame, a feeding assembly, a self-conforming extrusion shelling assembly, and a discharge plate; the feeding assembly is longitudinally positioned in the middle of the frame, and the front end of the feeding assembly is positioned between the upper and lower layers of the front part of the frame; the self-conforming extrusion shelling assembly is positioned at the rear of the frame and is located at the lower rear end of the feeding assembly; the discharge plate is fixed to the bottom plate at the rear of the frame and is located directly below the rear of the self-conforming extrusion shelling assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the feeding assembly includes a feeding motor, a reversing shaft connected to the feeding motor via a coupling, a pulley shaft II connected to the reversing shaft via a gear set, a pulley shaft I connected to the reversing shaft via a transmission chain, and an anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system. The reversing shaft rotates in the same direction as the pulley shaft I and in the opposite direction to the pulley shaft II, thereby making the lower end of the upper clamping belt and the upper end of the upper holding belt move in the same direction, simulating the swallowing action of walnuts during transportation. The anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system includes a lower holding belt and an upper clamping belt. The upper clamping belt meshes with two front and rear synchronous pulleys I, which are respectively fixed in the middle of the pulley shaft II and the pulley shaft IV, and is driven to move by the pulley shaft II.

[0008] The lower holding belt consists of two short belts and one long belt. The two short belts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long belt. The front ends of the two short belts and the front ends of the long belt are coaxially engaged with the synchronous pulley II on pulley shaft I. The rear ends of the two short belts and the middle part of the long belt are coaxially engaged with the synchronous pulley II on pulley shaft III. The rear end of the long belt is engaged with the synchronous pulley III. The short belts are in section AB. The section between the synchronous pulley II and the synchronous pulley III at the rear end of the short belts is section BC. In section AB, the upper end face of the lower holding belt is horizontal and forms an angle of 5° to 20° with the lower end face of the upper holding belt. In section BC, the upper end face of the lower holding belt is parallel to the lower end face of the upper holding belt. The surface of the lower holding belt is evenly provided with several holes that can accommodate a single walnut. A single walnut is transported from point A to point B and then to point C.

[0009] Furthermore, the feeding assembly also includes a hopper, with a roller brush baffle fixed in the middle of the hopper. The outlet at the lower end of the rectangular discharge chamber at the bottom of the hopper is directly opposite the upper front surface of the lower holding belt. A walnut discharge notch is provided at the lower rear end of the rectangular discharge chamber. The roller brush is located at the rear of the inner cavity of the rectangular discharge chamber and is rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the rectangular discharge chamber. The roller brush baffle partially blocks the roller brush, so that the walnuts falling from the roller brush baffle can be brushed by the roller brush to adjust their posture, ensuring that a single walnut is stuck into the socket and that its long axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the lower holding belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting bearings at both ends of the reversing shaft are rotatably connected to the bearing seats I of the Γ-shaped longitudinal beam and the Π-shaped structural frame I on the base plate, respectively; the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft II are rotatably connected to the bearing seats V fixed on the Π-shaped structural frame II, respectively; the bearing at one end of the pulley shaft I is rotatably connected to the bearing seat II fixed on the upper end face of the middle part of the longitudinal beam I, and the bearing at the other end is rotatably connected to the bearing seat II fixed on the upper end face of the middle part of the longitudinal beam II; the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft III are rotatably connected to the bearing seats IV fixed on the upper rear part of the vertical support, respectively; the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft IV are rotatably connected to the bearing seats III fixed on the upper middle part of the long longitudinal beam, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, in the BC section, the distance between the deepest point of the socket on the upper end face of the lower holding strap and the lower end face of the upper clamping strap is slightly less than the diameter of the walnut, and the movement speed of the upper clamping strap and the lower holding strap is the same; the width of the lower holding strap in the AB section is greater than the diameter of the walnut, and the width of the long straps of the upper clamping strap and the lower holding strap is less than half the diameter of the walnut and greater than one-third the diameter of the walnut, ensuring that when the walnut is detached from the support of the short straps on both sides in the BC section and performs self-shaping, the walnut does not fall from the sides of the long strap and does not interfere with the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system structure; the socket is formed by the combination of concave surface I on the short strap and concave surface II on the long strap, and the depth of the socket is not less than one-third the diameter of the walnut.

[0012] Furthermore, the self-conforming extrusion shell-breaking assembly includes two sets of self-conforming clamp transmission components and air circuit components. The two sets of self-conforming clamp transmission components are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides along the vertical neutral plane of the base plate. Each set of self-conforming clamp transmission components includes a transmission component and a self-conforming clamp component. Each set of transmission components includes a drive motor fixed to the motor support plate of the base plate, a shell-breaking power shaft connected to the output shaft of the drive motor through a gear set, a guide rail, a transmission chain, and a shell-breaking support shaft. One end of the shell-breaking power shaft near the gear set is connected to the bearing seat VI fixed to the Π-shaped structural frame IV of the frame through a bearing, and the other end passes through the bearing of the front mounting hole of the guide rail and is transmitted to the shell-breaking support shaft through the transmission chain. One end of the shell-breaking support shaft is connected to the bearing seat VII fixed to the upper end of the Π-shaped structural frame III of the frame through a bearing, and the other end passes through the bearing of the rear mounting hole of the guide rail and is connected to the transmission chain. A groove is formed inside the guide rail along the sliding direction.

[0013] Each self-conforming fixture assembly includes multiple self-conforming fixtures evenly arranged on the outer edge of the guide rail. The middle and lower rear ends of the self-conforming fixtures are respectively fixed with a connecting plate and a sliding groove plate with parallel front and rear end faces. The connecting plate is fixed to the outer chain plate of the transmission chain, and the sliding groove plate is embedded in the sliding groove of the guide rail. The transmission chain moves under the drive of the shell-breaking power shaft. The self-conforming fixture is driven by the connecting plate fixed to the outer chain plate of the transmission chain to achieve up and down cyclic movement along the sliding groove of the guide rail using the sliding groove plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the self-conforming fixtures in the two sets of self-conforming fixture assemblies are arranged symmetrically from left to right, with the discharge plate located below the self-conforming fixtures; the vertical axis of the center of the cylindrical outer shell of each self-conforming fixture is perpendicular to the upper end face of the guide rail and the longitudinal vertical symmetrical neutral plane of the base plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide rail is longitudinally inclined, and both the front and rear ends of the outer end are fixed to the inclined platform of the frame through the guide rail support 9; the guide rails in the two sets of transmission components are arranged with the front and rear ends gradually converging, and the included angle formed by the left and right guide rails in the longitudinal vertical direction is 5° to 20°.

[0016] Furthermore, in the self-conforming fixture, the cross-section formed by all the ejector pins stacked tightly together is a regular hexagon or a circle. The thin section of the ejector pin in the rear half is independently fitted with a return spring. The rear end of the thin section of the ejector pin is threadedly connected to the limiting block. The limiting block slides in the square hole at the rear of the fixture housing. The two ends of the return spring abut against the rear end of the thick section of the ejector pin in the front half of the ejector pin and the bottom end of the front cavity in the fixture housing, respectively. The thin section of the ejector pin passes through the round hole in the rear of the fixture housing and moves axially in the square hole at the rear of the fixture housing. A piston block is provided in the pressure chamber at the upper front end of the fixture housing and at the upper rear end of the thick section of the ejector pin. Its lower end face is in contact with the thick section of the ejector pin.

[0017] Each ejector pin can independently extend and retract axially along the clamp housing, with the extension distance limited by a rear limiting block. When high-pressure air enters the pressure chamber through the pneumatic slip ring and spring air tube, it forces the piston block downward to squeeze the thicker section of the ejector pin radially, causing the ejector pins to rub and lock together. After the ejector pin cluster completes the contour enveloping and shaping of both ends of the long diameter of the walnut, the ejector pins are radially compressed and rub against each other to lock together. As the transmission chain moves, the distance between each pair of self-shaping clamps on the upper left and right sides of the guide rail gradually decreases, enabling the walnut to be oriented towards the ground. The force is applied evenly to the walnut shell during crushing, improving the shell-breaking and whole-kernel rate. After the shell-breaking operation is completed, the walnuts are located at the lower end of the guide rail as the self-conforming clamps continue to move. At this time, the distance between each pair of self-conforming clamps gradually increases, and the shell-kernel mixture falls into the discharge plate and is discharged under the action of gravity. When the self-conforming clamps begin to circulate to the upper end of the guide rail, the air distribution control box releases the high-pressure air in this path to the chamber pressure level. At this time, the pressure piston block no longer squeezes the thick section of the ejector pin, and the ejector pin returns to its initial position under the action of the spring.

[0018] Furthermore, the pneumatic circuit assembly includes a high-pressure air pump located at the lower part of the self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly and a pneumatic circuit control box connected to the high-pressure air pump via an air source pipe. The pneumatic circuit control box connects to the lower ends of multiple rigid pipes via multiple vertical air distribution pipes to achieve pairwise correspondence between the individual pipes. The number of rigid pipes is the same as the number of self-forming clamps in each set of self-forming clamp assemblies. One path of the upper end of the rigid pipe is connected to the slip ring stator of one side of the pneumatic slip ring, and the other path is connected to the slip ring stator of the other side of the pneumatic slip ring. The lower end of the spring air pipe is connected to the slip ring rotor of the pneumatic slip ring via the slip ring rotor pipe interface, and the upper end is connected to the self-forming clamp via the clamp pneumatic connector on the side of the pressure chamber. The slip ring stator is fixed to the outside of the guide rail by anti-rotation plates. The circumference of the slip ring rotor is connected to the pressure chamber on the self-conforming fixture through spring air tubes. When the self-conforming fixture moves on the guide rail to a position close to the pneumatic slip ring, the spring air tubes automatically curl and stack into a compact helical tube, which can avoid collision and interference with other structural parts of the machine. When the self-conforming fixture moves on the guide rail to a position far from the pneumatic slip ring, the compactly curled helical part of the spring air tubes will be forced to stretch out, thereby realizing the high-pressure air circuit rotation and variable distance conveying connection. The slip ring rotor rotates under the drag of the spring air tubes.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1) This invention realizes the continuous feeding, transportation, shell breaking and collection of walnuts through the feeding component and the self-protruding extrusion shell breaking assembly, which is convenient for assembly line operation; the self-protruding clamp can adapt to walnuts with different shape characteristics, realize adaptive conformation, so that the shell of the walnut is subjected to uniform force during extrusion, and achieve a good shell breaking effect; the feeding component adopts a belt conveyor structure to realize high-efficiency walnut feeding and transportation.

[0021] 2) The anti-interference clamping conveyor belt in the feeding component of this invention adopts a combination of "upper clamping belt and lower holding belt" and "left and right short belts and middle long belt". In conjunction with the self-conforming clamp during the contouring and enveloping stage and the extrusion and shell-breaking stage of the walnut, it avoids collision and interference between the self-conforming clamp and the moving structure of the feeding component, thereby improving the reliability of self-conforming and the feasibility and safety of shell-breaking and extrusion.

[0022] 3) The present invention adopts a progressive inclined guide rail and a pneumatic self-shaping clamp locking method. The shaping envelope depth and extrusion stroke can be adjusted by regulating the air-locking time node of the pressure chamber on the self-shaping clamp, which further adapts to the different requirements of different walnut varieties and sizes for shaping envelope depth and extrusion stroke. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort. Wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion walnut shelling machine of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the mid-frame.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the loading and unloading assembly.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view of the feeding assembly with the hopper removed.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Side view of the feeding assembly.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hopper in the feeding assembly.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system in the feeding assembly.

[0031] Figure 8a , 8b for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the support connection structure between the rear end of the long belt of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt and the Γ-shaped support platform.

[0032] Figure 9a , 9b for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-conforming extrusion shell-breaking assembly.

[0033] Figure 10a , 10b A three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission component in the self-conforming extrusion shell-breaking assembly;

[0034] Figure 11a , 11b This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air passage component in the self-conforming extrusion shell-breaking assembly.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a top view of the self-forming clamping assembly in the self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly.

[0036] Figure 13a , 13b for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the self-contact fixture in the self-contact fixture assembly.

[0037] Figure 14a , 14b This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive envelope contouring principle of the self-contouring fixture.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the walnut shelling process of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1-Frame, 2-Feeding assembly, 3-Self-forming extrusion and shell breaking assembly, 4-Discharge plate;

[0041] 101-Longitudinal Beam I, 102-Π-shaped structural frame I, 103-Vertical support I, 104-Upper horizontal beam, 105-Longitudinal Beam II, 106-Vertical support II, 107-Π-shaped structural frame II, 108-Upper horizontal brace, 109-Longitudinal short beam, 110-Vertical support III, 111-Long longitudinal beam, 112-Inclined platform, 113-Vertical support IV, 114-Π-shaped structural frame III, 115-Π-shaped structural frame IV, 116-Motor support plate, 117-Vertical brace, 118-Short horizontal beam, 119-Π-shaped structural frame V, 120-Γ-shaped longitudinal beam, 121-Base plate, 122-Vertical support V;

[0042] 201-Feeding motor, 202-Coupling, 203-Bearing housing I, 204-Reversing shaft, 205-Gear set, 206-Conveyor chain, 207-Bearing housing II, 208-Pulley shaft I, 209-Hopper, 210-Ear plate, 211-Pulley shaft II, 212-Pulley shaft III, 213-Anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system, 214-Bearing housing III, 215-Pulley shaft IV, 216-U-shaped support platform, 217-Bearing housing IV, 218-Bearing housing V, 219-Roller brush, 220-Rectangular discharge chamber, 221-Roller brush baffle, 222-Lower holding belt, 223-Hole, 224-Walnut, 225-Upper clamping belt, 226-Insertion holding plate, 227-Long belt, 228-Short belt I, 229-Concave surface I, 230-Synchronous pulley I, 231-Synchronous pulley III, 232-Concave surface II, 233-Synchronous pulley II, 234-Slot, 235-Bearing, 236-Synchronous pulley III support shaft, 237-Hole I, 238-Fixing hole, 239-Hole II;

[0043] 301-Transmission assembly, 302-Self-contouring clamp assembly, 303-Pneumatic circuit assembly, 304-Drive motor, 305-Gear set, 306-Crystallization power shaft, 307-Guide rail, 308-Transmission chain, 309-Guide rail support, 310-Crystallization support shaft, 311-Bearing embedded mounting hole, 312-Slide groove, 313-Bearing housing VII, 314-Bearing housing VI, 315-Pneumatic circuit control box, 316-Air source pipe, 317-High-pressure air pump, 318-Pneumatic slip ring, 3 19-Self-conforming clamp, 320-Spring air tube, 321-Anti-rotation plate, 322-Rigid tube, 323-Slip ring rotor, 324-Slip ring stator, 325-Vertical air distribution pipe, 327-Slide groove plate, 328-Connecting plate, 329-Ejector pin, 330-Clamp pneumatic connector, 331-Pressure chamber, 332-Ejector pin thick section, 333-Piston pressure block, 334-Reset spring, 335-Clamp housing, 336-Ejector pin thin section, 337-Limiting block, 338-Square hole;

[0044] 401-Arc plate, 402-Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but these descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 The walnut shelling machine shown is a combination of belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergy, including a frame 1, a feeding component 2, a self-conforming extrusion shelling assembly 3, and a discharge plate 4. The feeding component 2 is longitudinally placed in the middle of the frame 1, and the front end of the feeding component 2 is placed between the upper and lower layers of the front part of the frame 1. The self-conforming extrusion shelling assembly 3 is placed at the rear of the frame 1 and is located at the lower rear end of the feeding component 2. At the same time, the discharge plate 4 located directly below the rear of the self-conforming extrusion shelling assembly 3 is fixed to the rear bottom plate 121 of the frame 1 by the support plates 402 on both sides of the lower rear end.

[0047] like Figure 2 The frame 1 shown has a symmetrical structure with the longitudinal vertical center plane of the horizontal base plate 121 as the symmetrical plane. The frame part extending from the four vertical support columns II 106 symmetrically arranged on both sides is a left-right symmetrical structure. The horizontal upper beam 104, upper cross brace 108 and two longitudinal short beams 109 are parallel to each other and form the horizontal upper layer of the frame. The lower ends of the left and right sides of the upper beam 104 are fixed to the upper ends of the two vertical support columns I 103 respectively. The lower ends of the vertical support columns I 103 are fixed to the upper front ends of the two parallel longitudinal beams II 105 and longitudinal beam I 101 respectively. The longitudinal beams II 105 and I 101 form the horizontal lower front layer of the frame. A Π-shaped structural frame I 102 is fixed to the upper rear end of the longitudinal beam I 101. The middle and rear lower ends of the longitudinal beams II 105 and I 101 are fixed to the upper ends of the two vertical support columns V 122 respectively. The lower ends of the vertical support columns V 122 are fixed to the base plate 121.

[0048] The inner front end faces of the two longitudinal short beams 109 are fixed to the left and right ends of the upper horizontal brace 108. The lower rear end of the longitudinal short beams 109 is fixed to the upper ends of two parallel vertical columns Ⅲ110. The lower end and lower front end of the vertical column Ⅲ110 are fixed to the upper front end of two parallel long longitudinal beams 111 and the upper rear end of two symmetrical Π-shaped structural frames Ⅱ107. The lower end of the Π-shaped structural frame Ⅱ107 is fixed to the upper front end of two symmetrical vertical braces 117. The Γ-shaped longitudinal beam 120 is fixed to the middle front end of the Π-shaped structural frame Ⅱ107 on the left side of the frame. The upper right rear end of the Π-shaped structural frame Ⅴ119 is fixed to the middle front of the left end of the Π-shaped structural frame Ⅱ107 on the left side of the frame through a short horizontal beam 118. The upper and lower ends of the vertical column Ⅱ106 are fixed to the lower front and lower rear ends of the vertical brace 117 and the bottom plate 121, respectively.

[0049] Two motor support plates 116 are fixed to the middle of the rear ends of the two rearmost vertical supports II 106. Two symmetrical inclined platforms 112 are fixed to the supports 121 and located behind the motor support plates 116, below the two left and right symmetrical long longitudinal beams 111, and in front of the vertical support IV 113. The front end of the inclined platform 112 is higher than the rear end. The upper and lower end faces of the two vertical support IV 113 are fixed to the lower end face of the rear part of the two long longitudinal beams 111 and the base plate 121, respectively. Two Π-shaped structural frames IV 115 and Π-shaped structural frames III 114 are symmetrically located on the left and right outer sides of the middle and rear parts of the frame, respectively, and their lower end faces are fixed to the base plate 121.

[0050] like Figures 3-5 In the feeding assembly 2 shown, the feeding motor 201 is fixed to the upper end of the Π-shaped structural frame V119 on the base plate 121 of the frame 1, and is connected to the reversing shaft 204 via a coupling 202; the mounting bearings at both ends of the reversing shaft 204 are rotatably connected to the Γ-shaped longitudinal beam 120 on the base plate 121 and the bearing seat I203 of the Π-shaped structural frame I102, respectively; the reversing shaft 204 is connected to the pulley shaft II211 via a gear set 205, and the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft II211 are rotatably connected to the bearing seat V218 fixed on the Π-shaped structural frame II107, respectively; at the same time, The reversing shaft 204 is also connected to the pulley shaft I 208 via the transmission chain 206. The bearing at one end of the pulley shaft I 208 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat II 207 fixed to the upper end face of the middle part of the longitudinal beam I 101, and the bearing at the other end is rotatably connected to the bearing seat II 207 fixed to the upper end face of the middle part of the longitudinal beam II 105. The bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft III 212 are rotatably connected to the bearing seat IV 217 fixed to the upper end of the rear part of the vertical support 117, and the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft IV 215 are rotatably connected to the bearing seat III 214 fixed to the upper end of the middle part of the long longitudinal beam 111.

[0051] like Figures 5-7As shown, the hopper 209 and the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213 are symmetrical structures with the longitudinal vertical center plane of the base plate 121 as the plane of symmetry. The anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213 includes a lower holding belt 222 and an upper clamping belt 225. In section AB, the upper end face of the lower holding belt 222 is kept horizontal and forms an angle of 5° to 20° with the lower end face of the upper clamping belt 225, forming a wedge-shaped space that is wider at the front and narrower at the back. In section BC, the upper end face of the lower holding belt 222 is kept parallel to the lower end face of the upper clamping belt 225. The surface of the lower holding belt 222 is evenly provided with a number of holes 223 that can accommodate a single walnut 224. The single walnut 224 is transported from point A to point B and then to point C. The upper front and rear sides of the hopper 209 are fixed to the upper crossbeam 104 and the upper cross brace 108 respectively by ear plates 210. The roller brush baffle 221 is fixed in the middle of the hopper 209. The outlet of the lower rectangular discharge cavity 220 of the hopper 209 is directly opposite the upper front end of the lower holding belt 222. The lower rear end of the lower rectangular discharge cavity 220 is provided with a walnut discharge notch. The roller brush 219 is located in the rear of the inner cavity of the rectangular discharge cavity 220 and is rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the rectangular discharge cavity 220. The roller brush baffle 221 partially covers the roller brush 219 so that the walnuts falling from the roller brush baffle 221 can be brushed by the roller brush 219 to adjust their posture.

[0052] The upper belt 225 meshes with two synchronous pulleys I230, which are respectively fixed to the middle of pulley shaft II211 and pulley shaft IV215, and is driven by pulley shaft II211. The lower belt 222 includes two short belts 228 and one long belt 227. The two short belts 228 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long belt 227. The front ends of the two short belts 228 and the front ends of the long belt 227 are coaxially meshed with synchronous pulleys II233 on pulley shaft I208. The rear ends of the two short belts 228 and the middle of the long belt 227 are coaxially meshed with synchronous pulleys II233 on pulley shaft III212. The rear end of the long belt 227 is meshed with synchronous pulley III231. That is, the short belt is segment AB, and the segment between synchronous pulleys II233 and III231 at the rear end of the short belt is segment BC. In section BC, the distance between the deepest point of the socket on the upper end face of the lower holding belt and the lower end face of the upper clamping belt is slightly less than the diameter of the walnut, and the movement speed of the upper clamping belt and the lower holding belt is the same, ensuring that the walnut can be effectively clamped and stably transported in section BC; the width of the lower holding belt in section AB is greater than the diameter of the walnut, and the width of the long belt in the upper clamping belt and the lower holding belt is less than half the diameter of the walnut but greater than one-third the diameter of the walnut, ensuring that when the walnut is detached from the support of the short belts on both sides in section BC and performs self-shaping, the walnut does not fall from the sides of the long belt and does not interfere with the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system structure.

[0053] The cradle 223 is formed by the combination of concave surface I 229 on the short belt 228 and concave surface II 232 on the long belt 227; the bottom of the hopper is 5mm to 15mm away from the upper end of the lower holding belt, and the depth of the cradle on the lower holding belt is 5mm to 20mm, which is not less than one-third of the diameter of the walnut, to ensure that the walnut can remain stable in the cradle.

[0054] like Figure 8a , 8b As shown, at the rear of the lower support belt 222, the synchronous pulley III support shaft 236 passes through the synchronous pulley III 231. Both ends of the synchronous pulley III support shaft 236 pass through bearings 235 and connect to the fixing holes 238 on the insert plate 226. The insert plate 226 is fitted into the slot 234 and fixed to the longitudinally placed flat Γ-shaped support platform 216 through holes I 237 and II 239. The Γ-shaped support platform 216 is hollow at the top and fixed to the bottom plate 121 at its lower end. The longitudinally placed Γ-shaped support platform 216, with its overall flat and hollow upper structure, effectively avoids interference with other structures of the machine while supporting the lower support belt.

[0055] like Figure 9a , 9b As shown, the self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly 3 includes two sets of self-forming clamping drive assemblies and air circuit assemblies 303. The two sets of self-forming clamping drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides along the vertical neutral plane of the base plate. Each set of self-forming clamping drive assemblies includes a drive assembly 301 and a self-forming clamping assembly 302.

[0056] like Figure 10a , 10b As shown, in each transmission assembly 301, the lower end of the drive motor 304 is fixed to the motor support plate 116 on the base plate 121, and drives the shell-breaking power shaft 306 to rotate through the gear set 305; one end of the shell-breaking power shaft 306 near the gear set is rotatably connected to the bearing seat VI 314 fixed to the Π-shaped structural frame Ⅳ 115 through a bearing, and the other end passes through the bearing of the front mounting hole 311 of the guide rail 307 and is transmitted to the shell-breaking support shaft 310 through the transmission chain 308. One end of the shell-breaking support shaft 310 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat VII 313 fixed to the upper end of the Π-shaped structural frame Ⅲ 114 through a bearing, and the other end passes through the bearing of the rear mounting hole 311 of the guide rail 307 and is connected to the transmission chain 308.

[0057] The guide rail 307 is longitudinally inclined, and its outer end face is fixed to the inclined platform 112 of the frame via guide rail supports 309. In addition, a groove 312 is formed in the sliding direction of the guide rail 307, with a groove depth of 20-40 mm and a width of 10-30 mm. The guide rails 307 in the two sets of transmission components 301 are arranged with the distance between the front and rear ends gradually converging, and the included angle formed by the left and right guide rails 307 in the longitudinal vertical direction is 5°-20°.

[0058] Each self-conforming fixture assembly 302 includes multiple self-conforming fixtures 319 evenly arranged on the outer edge of the guide rail 307. The self-conforming fixtures 319 in the two sets of self-conforming fixture assemblies 302 are arranged symmetrically from left to right, and the discharge plate 4 is located below the self-conforming fixtures 319. Each self-forming clamp 319 has a cylindrical outer shell with its central vertical axis perpendicular to the upper surface of the guide rail 307 and the longitudinal vertical symmetrical neutral plane of the base plate 121. The middle and lower rear ends of the self-forming clamp 319 are respectively fixed with a connecting plate 328 and a sliding groove plate 327 whose front and rear ends are parallel to each other. The connecting plate 328 is fixed to the outer chain plate of the transmission chain 308, and the sliding groove plate 327 is embedded in the sliding groove 312 of the guide rail 307. The transmission chain 308 moves under the drive of the shell-breaking power shaft 306, and through the connecting plate 328 fixed to the outer chain plate of the transmission chain 308, the self-forming clamp 319 uses the sliding groove plate 327 to achieve up-and-down cyclic movement along the sliding groove 312 of the guide rail 307. Specifically, 6 to 24 sets of self-forming clamps 319 are arranged on the outer edge of each guide rail, and their longitudinal movement speed is synchronized with the movement speed of the clamping and anti-interference conveyor belt system 213.

[0059] like Figure 13a , 13b As shown in 14a and 14b, in the self-conforming fixture 319, all the ejector pins 329 are tightly stacked together, forming a cross-section that is either a regular hexagon or a circle. The ejector pin segment 336 of the rear half of the ejector pin 329 is independently fitted with a return spring 334. The rear end of the ejector pin segment 336 is threadedly connected to a limiting block 337. The limiting block 337 slides within the square hole 338 at the rear of the fixture housing 335. The two ends of the return spring 334 are respectively connected to the ejector pins of the front half of the ejector pin 329. The rear end of the thick section 332 of the needle abuts against the bottom end of the front cavity of the clamp housing 335. The thin section 336 of the ejector pin passes through the round hole in the rear part of the clamp housing 335 and moves axially within the square hole 338 in the rear part of the clamp housing 335. A piston block 333 is provided in the pressure chamber 331 at the upper front part of the clamp housing 335 and at the upper rear part of the thick section 332 of the ejector pin (the diameter of the thick section 332 of the ejector pin is 2-5mm). Its lower end face is in contact with the thick section 332 of the ejector pin.

[0060] like Figure 11a , 11bAs shown in Figure 12, in the air circuit assembly 303, the high-pressure air pump 317 is located at the lower part of the self-conforming extrusion shell breaking assembly 3, and is located directly below the inclined arc plate 401 at the front of the discharge plate 4 and fixed to the center of the rear part of the base plate 121; the high-pressure air pump 317 is connected to the air circuit control box 315 through the air source pipe 316, and the air circuit control box 315 achieves independent air circuit control by connecting the lower ends of multiple vertical air distribution pipes 325 and multiple rigid pipes 322 to achieve independent air circuit control. The number of rigid tubes 322 is the same as the number of self-conforming clamps 319 in each self-conforming clamp assembly 302. One path of the upper end of the rigid tube 322 is connected to the slip ring stator 324 of the pneumatic slip ring 318 on one side, and the other path is connected to the slip ring stator 324 of the pneumatic slip ring 318 on the other side. The lower end of the spring air tube 320 is connected to the slip ring rotor 323 of the pneumatic slip ring 318 through the slip ring rotor tube interface, and the upper end is connected to the self-conforming clamp 319 through the clamp pneumatic connector 330 on the side of the pressure chamber 331. The pneumatic slip ring 318 is located in the middle of the hollow circular groove of the guide rail 307 and is fixed to the outer end face of the guide rail 307 through the anti-rotation plate 321 at one end of the slip ring stator 324.

[0061] like Figure 15 As shown, the walnut shell-breaking process can be divided into 5 stages:

[0062] In the first stage, the two opposing self-shaping clamps 319 begin to shape the walnut at point B of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt 213. The self-shaping clamps are not locked and are located at the upper front of the guide rail 307, and the distance is gradually decreasing.

[0063] In the second stage, the two opposing self-shaping clamps 319 complete the shaping of the walnut at point C of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt 213 and begin to center and squeeze the walnut. The self-shaping clamps are locked and located at the upper middle part of the guide rail 307, and the distance gradually approaches.

[0064] In the third stage, the two opposing self-conforming clamps 319 disengage from the plane of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt 213, completing the squeezing and cracking of the walnut. The self-conforming clamps are locked and located at the rear edge of the guide rail 307, gradually moving further away.

[0065] In the fourth stage, the two opposing self-conforming clamps 319 disengage from the plane of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt 213, and the shell-core mixture after breaking open begins to detach from the self-conforming clamps 319. The self-conforming clamps are locked and located at the lower rear end of the guide rail 307, and the distance gradually increases.

[0066] In the fifth stage, the two opposing self-conforming clamps 319 begin to enter the plane of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt 213. The shell-core mixture after shelling completely detaches from the self-conforming clamps 319, falls into the upper end of the front arc plate 401 of the discharge plate 4, and is discharged one after another. The self-conforming clamps are unlocked and located at the lower end of the front of the guide rail 307, about to return to the initial position of the first stage. Thus, one shell-breaking cycle is completed.

[0067] The working principle and process of the combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion walnut shelling machine of the present invention are as follows: After grading, the walnuts are loaded into the hopper 201 and fall into the elliptical positioning hole 223 at the upper front of the lower holding belt 222 of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213 under the action of gravity. Based on the characteristics of the walnuts themselves, after the roller brush 219 controls the amount and adjusts the posture, it is ensured that a single walnut is transported backward with its major axis perpendicular to the direction of movement. The anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213 is composed of an upper clamping belt 225 and a lower holding belt 222. The lower holding belt 222 is composed of short belts 228 on the left and right sides and a long belt 227 in the middle. The concave surface I 229 on the short belt 228 and the concave surface II 232 on the long belt are combined to form a complete positioning hole 223. Due to: 1) the upper clamping belt 225 lower The end face and the upper end face of the lower holding belt 222 form a certain angle in section AB (the distance between the two faces gradually decreases from front to back in section AB and remains parallel in section BC; 2) The reversing shaft is transmitted to the pulley shaft II 211 and pulley shaft I 208 through a single pair of gear sets 205, the transmission chain 206, and each transmission ratio is 1, so that the pulley shaft II 211 and the pulley shaft I 208 rotate in opposite directions, thereby making the lower end of the upper clamping belt 225 and the upper end of the lower holding belt 222 move in the same direction and speed. Based on the above-mentioned anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213 characteristics, the walnut first undergoes a simulated swallowing action during the transport process. After starting to separate from the short belt 228 at point B, it is clamped by the lower long belt 227 and the upper clamping belt 225 and can be stably transported backward to the self-conforming extrusion shell-breaking assembly 3 for shell breaking.

[0068] In the self-conforming extrusion shell-breaking assembly 3, the drive motor 304 drives the shell-breaking power shaft 306 and the shell-breaking support shaft 310 to rotate. Both ends are rotatably connected to the bearing seats and guide rails 307 respectively through bearings. The guide rails 307 serve as the fulcrum of one end of the two shafts. One end of the two shafts passes through the guide rail in front of and behind the longitudinal hollow circular groove of the guide rail 307 respectively, and is driven by the transmission chain 308. The two guide rails 307 are symmetrically placed longitudinally at an angle, with the distance gradually increasing from front to back. The self-conforming fixture 319 is fixed to the transmission chain 308 through the connecting plate in the middle of the lower end, and moves up and down along the guide rail slide groove 312 through the drive of the transmission chain 308.

[0069] Specifically, the axial direction of the 319 cylindrical shell of the self-conforming clamp is perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal symmetry plane, that is, perpendicular to the walnut conveying direction, so as to realize the centered compression of the walnut along the diameter;

[0070] The self-shaping clamp 319 has a pin 329 at the rear of the pin 329 with a pin 336 fitted with a return spring 334. The rear end of the pin 336 is threaded to the limiting block 337. The pin 336 passes through the circular hole in the middle of the clamp housing. Each pin 329 can independently extend and retract along the axis under the action of external force and return to the initial position under the action of the return spring 334. Several pins 329 are tightly stacked to form a pin cluster with a circular or regular hexagonal cross section. A piston block 333 is provided in the pressure chamber arranged radially at the upper front end of the housing. When the pin cluster faces the walnut contour for enveloping and shaping, high pressure gas is injected into the pressure chamber 330 and pushes the piston block 333 downward to apply pressure to the upper end of the pin 332. At this time, the pin 332 of each pin 329 squeezes and rubs against each other. The single pins 329 in different extension and retraction states are locked together and cannot move independently. Thus, the shape can be adapted for a specific walnut.

[0071] The self-conforming fixture's pressure chamber 331 is connected to the air source distribution control box 315 via a spring air pipe 320, a pneumatic slip ring 318, a rigid pipe 332, and a vertical air distribution pipe 325. The slip ring stator 324 is fixed to the outside of the guide rail 307 via an anti-rotation plate 321. The air source distribution control box 315 injects high-pressure gas from the high-pressure air pump 317 into the self-conforming fixture's pressure chamber 330 through the above-mentioned air path at a specific time node, so that the fixture's ejector pin 329 completes the locking and releasing action at a specific work position.

[0072] Due to the spatial characteristics of the guide rail 307, the self-shaping clamp 319 moves gradually at the upper end of the guide rail 307. The speed of the transmission chain 308 is adjusted to match the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213, allowing the walnut to be smoothly shaped and squeezed by the self-shaping clamp 319. The distance traveled at the lower end of the guide rail 307 gradually increases, allowing the walnut to be unloaded under gravity after being squeezed and cracked. In the shaped shell-breaking assembly 3, the entire walnut shell-breaking process can be divided into the following five stages: In the first stage, the two opposing self-shaping clamps 319 begin shaping the walnut at point B of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system 213. The self-shaping clamps 319 are not locked and are located at the upper front end of the guide rail 307, with the distance gradually decreasing. In the second stage, the two opposing self-shaping clamps complete the shaping of the walnut at point C of the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system and open... The process begins with centrally pressing the walnuts. The self-adaptive clamps lock and are positioned at the upper middle of the guide rail, gradually approaching each other. In the third stage, the two opposing self-adaptive clamps disengage from the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt, completing the pressing and shell-breaking of the walnuts. The self-adaptive clamps then lock and are positioned at the rear edge of the guide rail, gradually moving away from each other. In the fourth stage, the two opposing self-adaptive clamps disengage from the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt, and the shell-kernel mixture begins to detach from the self-adaptive clamps. The self-adaptive clamps lock and are positioned at the lower rear end of the guide rail, gradually moving away from each other. In the fifth stage, the two opposing self-adaptive clamps begin to re-enter the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt. The shell-kernel mixture completely detaches from the self-adaptive clamps, falls into the upper front of the discharge plate 4, and is discharged. The self-adaptive clamps unlock and are positioned at the lower front end of the guide rail, about to return to the initial position of the first stage. This completes one shell-breaking cycle.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, the orientation and feeding of walnuts are first adjusted according to their shape characteristics. A self-conforming clamp is used to adaptively envelop and conform to the contours of walnuts with different shape characteristics, forming a force-pressing force on the walnuts. This avoids the problems of high shell breakage and low kernel damage caused by uneven shell force due to single-point or multi-point pressing of conventional rigid pressing heads. In the walnut transportation, a combination belt structure with anti-interference clamping conveyor belt is used to avoid structural interference with the self-conforming clamp and pressing process while maintaining high material transportation efficiency. In the second stage of shell breaking and conforming, the locking time of the self-conforming clamp can be adjusted to control the movement distance of the clamp on the guide rail after completing the self-conforming process. This adjusts the self-conforming depth and pressing stroke of the clamp on the walnuts, meeting the shell breaking requirements of high kernel damage under different varieties and sizes of walnuts.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A walnut shelling machine combining a combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1), a feeding assembly (2), a self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly (3), and a discharge plate (4); the feeding assembly (2) is placed longitudinally in the middle of the frame (1), and the front end of the feeding assembly (2) is placed between the upper and lower layers of the front part of the frame (1); the self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly (3) is placed at the rear of the frame (1) and is located at the lower rear end of the feeding assembly (2); the discharge plate (4) is fixed on the bottom plate (121) at the rear of the frame (1) and is located directly below the rear of the self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly (3); The feeding assembly (2) includes a feeding motor (201), a reversing shaft (204) connected to the feeding motor (201) via a coupling (202), a pulley shaft II (211) connected to the reversing shaft (204) via a first gear set (205), a pulley shaft I (208) connected to the reversing shaft (204) via a transmission chain (206), and an anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system (213); the anti-interference clamping conveyor belt system (213) includes a lower holding belt (222) and an upper clamping belt (225), the upper clamping belt (225) meshes with two front and rear synchronous pulleys I (230) respectively fixed in the middle of the pulley shaft II (211) and the pulley shaft IV (215) and is driven by the pulley shaft II (211); The lower support belt (222) includes two short belts (228) and one long belt (227). The two short belts (228) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long belt (227). The front ends of the two short belts (228) and the front ends of the long belt (227) are coaxially meshed with the synchronous pulley II (233) on the pulley shaft I (208). The rear ends of the two short belts (228) and the middle part of the long belt (227) are coaxially meshed with the synchronous pulley II (233) on the pulley shaft III (212). The rear end of the long belt (227) is meshed with the synchronous pulley III (231). The short belt is in section AB. The section between the synchronous pulley II (233) and the synchronous pulley III (231) at the rear end of the short belt is section BC. In section AB, the upper end face of the lower holding belt (222) is kept horizontal and forms an angle of 5° to 20° with the lower end face of the upper clamping belt (225). In section BC, the upper end face of the lower holding belt (222) is kept parallel to the lower end face of the upper clamping belt (225). The surface of the lower holding belt (222) is evenly provided with several holes (223) that can accommodate a single walnut (224). The single walnut (224) is transported from point A to point B and then to point C.

2. The walnut shelling machine combining belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (2) also includes a hopper (209), a roller brush baffle (221) fixed in the middle of the hopper (209), and the outlet at the lower end of the rectangular discharge cavity (220) of the lower part of the hopper (209) is directly facing the upper front end of the lower holding belt (222). The lower end of the rear part of the rectangular discharge cavity (220) is provided with a walnut discharge notch. The roller brush (219) is located in the rear part of the inner cavity of the rectangular discharge cavity (220) and is rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the rectangular discharge cavity (220). The roller brush baffle (221) partially blocks the roller brush (219) so that the walnuts falling from the roller brush baffle (221) can be brushed by the roller brush (219) to adjust their posture.

3. The combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergistic walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bearings at both ends of the reversing shaft (204) are rotatably connected to the bearing seats I (203) of the Γ-shaped longitudinal beam (120) and the Π-shaped structural frame I (102) on the base plate (121); the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft II (211) are rotatably connected to the bearing seats V (218) fixed on the Π-shaped structural frame II (107); the bearing at one end of the pulley shaft I (208) is fixed to the upper end face of the middle part of the longitudinal beam I (101). The bearing housing II (207) is rotatably connected, and the bearing at the other end is rotatably connected to the bearing housing II (207) fixed to the upper end face of the middle part of the longitudinal beam II (105); the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft III (212) are rotatably connected to the bearing housing IV (217) fixed to the upper end of the rear part of the vertical support (117); the bearings at both ends of the pulley shaft IV (215) are rotatably connected to the bearing housing III (214) fixed to the upper end of the middle part of the long longitudinal beam (111).

4. The combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergistic walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the BC section, the distance between the deepest point of the socket on the upper end face of the lower holding strap and the lower end face of the upper clamping strap is slightly less than the diameter of the walnut, and the movement speed of the upper clamping strap and the lower holding strap is the same; the width of the lower holding strap in the AB section is greater than the diameter of the walnut, and the width of the long straps of the upper clamping strap and the lower holding strap is less than half the diameter of the walnut and greater than one-third the diameter of the walnut; the socket (223) is formed by the combination of the concave surface I (229) on the short strap (228) and the concave surface II (232) on the long strap (227), and the depth of the socket is not less than one-third the diameter of the walnut.

5. The combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergistic walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly (3) includes two sets of self-forming clamp transmission components and air circuit components (303). The two sets of self-forming clamp transmission components are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides along the vertical neutral plane of the base plate. Each set of self-forming clamp transmission components includes a transmission component (301) and a self-forming clamp component (302). Each set of transmission components (301) includes a drive motor (304) fixed on the motor support plate (116), a shell-breaking power shaft (306) connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (304) through a second gear set (305), a guide rail (307), a transmission chain (308), and a shell-breaking support shaft (310). One end of the force shaft (306) near the second gear set is fixed to the bearing seat VI (314) of the Π-shaped structure frame IV (115) of the frame (1) by a bearing, and the other end passes through the bearing of the mounting hole (311) at the front end of the guide rail (307) and is driven by the transmission chain (308) to the shell breaking support shaft (310). One end of the shell breaking support shaft (310) is fixed to the bearing seat VII (313) at the upper end of the Π-shaped structure frame III (114) of the frame (1) by a bearing, and the other end passes through the bearing of the mounting hole (311) at the rear end of the guide rail (307) and is connected to the transmission chain (308). The guide rail (307) has a groove (312) inside along the sliding direction. Each self-forming clamp assembly (302) includes multiple self-forming clamps (319) evenly arranged on the outer edge of the guide rail (307). The middle and rear lower ends of the self-forming clamp (319) are respectively fixed with a connecting plate (328) and a sliding groove plate (327) with parallel front and rear end faces. The connecting plate (328) is fixed on the outer chain plate of the transmission chain (308), and the sliding groove plate (327) is embedded in the sliding groove (312) of the guide rail (307). The transmission chain (308) moves under the drive of the shell breaking power shaft (306). The self-forming clamp (319) is driven by the connecting plate (328) fixed on the outer chain plate of the transmission chain (308) to achieve cyclic movement along the sliding groove (312) of the guide rail (307) using the sliding groove plate (327).

6. The walnut shelling machine combining belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The self-forming fixtures (319) in the two sets of self-forming fixture assemblies (302) are arranged symmetrically from left to right, and the discharge plate (4) is located below the self-forming fixtures (319); the vertical axis of the center of the cylindrical outer shell of each self-forming fixture (319) is perpendicular to the longitudinal vertical symmetrical neutral plane of the upper end face of the guide rail (307) and the bottom plate (121).

7. The walnut shelling machine combining belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rail (307) is longitudinally inclined, and both the front and rear ends of the outer end are fixed to the inclined platform (112) of the frame (1) through the guide rail support (309); the guide rails (307) in the two sets of transmission components (301) are arranged with the front and rear ends gradually converging, and the included angle formed by the left and right guide rails (307) in the longitudinal vertical direction is 5°~20°.

8. The combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergistic walnut shelling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the self-conforming fixture (319), all the ejector pins (329) are tightly stacked together, forming a cross-section that is either a regular hexagon or a circle. The rear half of the ejector pin (329) has a thin ejector pin segment (336) independently fitted with a return spring (334). The rear end of the thin ejector pin segment (336) is threadedly connected to a limiting block (337). The limiting block (337) slides within the square hole (338) at the rear of the fixture housing (335). The two ends of the return spring (334) are respectively connected to the front of the ejector pin (329). The rear end of the thick section (332) of the ejector pin abuts against the bottom end of the front cavity of the clamp housing (335). The thin section (336) of the ejector pin passes through the round hole in the rear part of the clamp housing (335) and moves axially within the square hole (338) in the rear part of the clamp housing (335). A piston block (333) is provided in the pressure chamber (331) at the upper front part of the clamp housing (335) and at the upper rear part of the thick section (332), and its lower end face is in contact with the thick section (332).

9. The combined belt conveyor and self-conforming extrusion synergistic walnut shelling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air circuit assembly (303) includes a high-pressure air pump (317) located at the bottom of the self-forming extrusion shell-breaking assembly (3) and an air circuit control box (315) connected to the high-pressure air pump (317) via an air source pipe (316). The air circuit control box (315) is connected to the lower ends of multiple rigid pipes (322) via multiple vertical air distribution pipes (325) to achieve pairwise correspondence between the individual pipes. The number of rigid pipes (322) corresponds to the number of self-forming clamps (322) in each self-forming clamp assembly (302). The number of 19) is the same. One path of the upper end of the rigid tube (322) is connected to the slip ring stator (324) of the pneumatic slip ring (318) on one side, and the other path is connected to the slip ring stator (324) of the pneumatic slip ring (318) on the other side. The lower end of the spring air tube (320) is connected to the slip ring rotor (323) of the pneumatic slip ring (318) through the slip ring rotor tube interface, and the upper end is connected to the self-forming clamp (319) through the clamp pneumatic connector (330) on the side of the pressure chamber (331).

Images