Icebreaker bow and ship

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of shipbuilding technology and discloses an icebreaker bow and a vessel. The icebreaker bow includes an icebreaking structure band, a bowpost structure, and an anti-ice sinking structure. The icebreaking structure band is positioned corresponding to the icebreaking waterline. The bowpost structure is located at the center of the bow and extends through the icebreaking structure band, configured for icebreaking. The anti-ice sinking structure is located on both sides of the icebreaker bow in the transverse direction, gradually increasing in size in the transverse direction along the longitudinal direction of the vessel and away from the bowpost structure. The angle between a portion of the bowpost structure coinciding with the icebreaking structure band and the icebreaking waterline is a first angle, and the angle between a portion of the bowpost structure within the area of ​​the anti-ice sinking structure and the icebreaking waterline is a second angle, the second angle being greater than the first angle. This icebreaker bow can reduce the resistance encountered when breaking sea ice and can direct the ice fragments generated after sea ice breaking to both sides of the hull, reducing the possibility of ice fragments flowing to the bottom of the ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and more particularly to an icebreaker bow and a vessel. Background Technology

[0002] The shape of an icebreaker's bow has a significant impact on ice resistance. Ice resistance includes the resistance caused by the sea ice as the bow breaks it up, as well as the resistance caused by the sinking of broken ice fragments and friction. Because the compressive strength of sea ice is much greater than its bending strength, icebreakers are often designed with a small angle of inclination for the bow, extending from the icebreaking waterline to the hull or ice-stopping foretoel. The entire bow has a "spoon-shaped" structure, which ensures that ice breaking is primarily achieved through bending, reducing the resistance caused by the sea ice as the bow breaks it up, resulting in better icebreaking performance.

[0003] However, after sea ice breaks up, the aforementioned "spoon-shaped" bow structure makes it extremely easy for ice fragments to be squeezed towards the hull and flow to the bottom, increasing the friction between the hull and the ice fragments. Furthermore, the ice fragments do not easily float from the hull to the surface and will move with the ship. As the ice fragments float to the surface at the stern, they adversely affect the propeller's operation, impacting the ship's propulsion efficiency. This is especially true for icebreakers with acoustic equipment installed on the bottom, as the large amount of ice fragments can also affect the performance of these acoustic devices.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an icebreaker bow and vessel to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to one aspect of the invention, the object is to provide an icebreaker bow that can reduce the drag encountered when breaking sea ice and allow the ice fragments generated after the sea ice is broken to flow to both sides of the hull, reducing the possibility of ice fragments flowing to the bottom of the ship and avoiding the impact of ice fragments on the acoustic equipment at the bottom of the ship and the propeller at the stern.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Icebreaker bow, including:

[0008] Icebreaking structure zone, corresponding to the icebreaking waterline;

[0009] The bow pillar structure, located at the center of the bow of the icebreaker and extending through the icebreaking structure band, is configured for icebreaking.

[0010] The ice-preventing structure is located on both sides of the bow of the icebreaker in the transverse direction of the ship, and in the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bowpost structure. The size of the ice-preventing structure in the transverse direction of the ship gradually increases.

[0011] The angle between a portion of the first pillar structure that overlaps with the ice-breaking structure and the ice-breaking waterline is the first angle, and the angle between a portion of the first pillar structure located within the area of ​​the anti-floating ice sinking structure and the ice-breaking waterline is the second angle, which is greater than the first angle.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the anti-ice sinking structure includes an anti-ice sinking hull and a variable-angle transverse section, wherein the anti-ice sinking hull is located below the icebreaking structure zone and is connected to the bow pillar structure.

[0013] The variable-angle transverse portion protrudes from both sides of the ice-resistant hull in the transverse direction of the ship and extends above the icebreaking structure zone. Along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bow structure, the size of the variable-angle transverse portion gradually increases in the transverse direction of the ship.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the variable-angle transverse section includes a plurality of transverse structural members, which are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bow structure, and the dimensions of the plurality of transverse structural members in the transverse direction of the ship increase sequentially.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the plurality of transverse structural members include a first transverse structural member, a second transverse structural member and a third transverse structural member. The first transverse structural member, the second transverse structural member and the third transverse structural member are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bow structure. The dimensions of the first transverse structural member, the second transverse structural member and the third transverse structural member in the transverse direction of the ship increase sequentially.

[0016] The first transverse structural member has a first side portion located below the icebreaking structure zone on its side edge in the transverse direction of the ship, and the angle between the first side portion and the icebreaking waterline is 45°-60°; and / or,

[0017] The second transverse structural member has a second side portion located below the icebreaking structure zone on its side edge in the transverse direction of the ship, and the angle between the second side portion and the icebreaking waterline is 70°-80°; and / or,

[0018] The angle between the side edge of the third transverse structural member on the transverse side of the ship and the icebreaking waterline is 70°-80°.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the portion of the side edge of the first transverse structural member that overlaps with the icebreaking structural band in the transverse direction of the ship is a third side portion, and the angle between the third side portion and the icebreaking waterline is 20°-35°; and / or,

[0020] The second transverse structural member has a fourth side portion whose side edge overlaps with the icebreaking structure belt on the transverse side of the ship. The angle between the fourth side portion and the icebreaking waterline is 60°-80°.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the first included angle is 18°-25°; and / or,

[0022] The second included angle is 45°-60°.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the icebreaking waterline is located between the upper boundary line and the lower boundary line of the icebreaking structure zone.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the distance between the upper boundary line of the icebreaking structure zone and the icebreaking waterline is 0.1-0.5 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the vessel; and / or,

[0025] The distance between the lower boundary line of the icebreaking structure zone and the icebreaking waterline is 0.9-1.0 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the icebreaker bow provided by the present invention, the icebreaker bow further includes a non-icebreaker hull, which is located above the icebreaking structure zone.

[0027] According to another aspect of the invention, the object is to provide a vessel comprising an icebreaker bow as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] The icebreaker bow provided by this invention includes an icebreaking structural band, a bowpost structure, and an anti-sinking structure for floating ice. The icebreaking structural band is positioned corresponding to the icebreaking waterline. The bowpost structure is located at the center of the bow and extends through the icebreaking structural band, and is configured for icebreaking. Through the icebreaking structural band and the bowpost structure, the icebreaking function of the icebreaker bow can be achieved.

[0030] The ice-blocking structure is located on both sides of the bow of the icebreaker in the transverse direction, gradually increasing in size along the longitudinal direction away from the bowpost structure. This transverse dimension of the ice-blocking structure effectively pushes ice fragments to both sides of the ship during forward movement, preventing them from moving to the bottom and thus avoiding any impact on the ship's acoustic equipment and stern propeller.

[0031] The angle between a portion of the bow structure coinciding with the icebreaking structure and the icebreaking waterline is the first angle. The angle between a portion of the bow structure located within the area of ​​the anti-ice sinking structure and the icebreaking waterline is the second angle, which is larger than the first angle. By setting the first angle smaller, the resistance encountered when breaking sea ice can be reduced, improving the icebreaking efficiency and effectiveness of the bow structure. By setting the second angle larger, ice fragments can be prevented from sinking, thus avoiding ice fragments directly sinking to the bottom of the ship. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the icebreaker bow provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a side view of the bow of an icebreaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a front view of the bow of an icebreaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 10. Breaking the ice at the waterline;

[0038] 100. Icebreaking structure zone; 110. Lower boundary line; 120. Upper boundary line;

[0039] 200. First column structure;

[0040] 300. Anti-ice-floating sinking structure; 310. Anti-ice-floating sinking hull; 320. Variable angle transverse section; 321. First transverse structural component; 322. Second transverse structural component; 323. Third transverse structural component; 400. Hull in non-icebreaking zone. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0044] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] In this embodiment, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0049] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0050] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of the icebreaker bow provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A side view of the bow of an icebreaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 This shows a front view of the bow of an icebreaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides an icebreaker bow and a vessel. The vessel includes the icebreaker bow provided in this embodiment, which is disposed at the bow of the vessel for icebreaking.

[0051] Specifically, the icebreaker bow includes an icebreaking structure band 100, a bowpost structure 200, and an anti-sinking structure 300. The icebreaking structure band 100 corresponds to the icebreaking waterline 10. The bowpost structure 200 is located at the center of the bow and extends through the icebreaking structure band 100, and is configured for icebreaking. The icebreaking function of the icebreaker bow is achieved through the icebreaking structure band 100 and the bowpost structure 200.

[0052] To be more specific, refer to Figure 3The ice-blocking structure 300 is located on both sides of the bow of the icebreaker in the transverse direction, and gradually increases in size in the transverse direction along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bowpost structure 200. By setting the dimensions of the ice-blocking structure 300 in the transverse direction, it is possible to push ice fragments to both sides of the ship in the transverse direction during forward movement, preventing ice fragments from moving to the bottom of the ship and avoiding the impact of ice fragments on the acoustic equipment on the hull and the stern propeller.

[0053] More specifically, refer to Figure 2 The angle between a portion of the first pillar structure 200, which coincides with the icebreaking structure 100, and the icebreaking waterline 10 is the first included angle, and this first included angle is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Figure α, the angle between a portion of the first pillar structure 200 located within the area of ​​the anti-ice sinking structure 300 and the icebreaking waterline 10 is the second angle. This second angle is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in β, the second included angle β is greater than the first included angle α. By setting the first included angle to be smaller, the resistance encountered by the icebreaker bow when breaking sea ice can be reduced, and the icebreaking efficiency and effect of the bow pillar structure 200 can be improved. By setting the second included angle to be larger, ice fragments can be prevented from sinking, thereby preventing ice fragments from sinking directly to the bottom of the ship.

[0054] Optionally, the first included angle is 18°-25°, and the second included angle is 45°-60°. In this embodiment, the first included angle is 25°, and the second included angle is 51°.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The ice-breaking waterline 10 is located between the upper boundary line 120 and the lower boundary line 110 of the ice-breaking structure zone 100.

[0056] Specifically, the distance between the upper boundary line 120 of the icebreaking structure zone 100 and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 0.1-0.5 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship. The distance between the lower boundary line 110 of the icebreaking structure zone 100 and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 0.9-1.0 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship. The aforementioned maximum icebreaking thickness is one of the design parameters during ship design, and its specific value can be obtained from the design requirements table. The design of the relative positions of the icebreaking structure zone 100 and the icebreaking waterline 10 facilitates the use of the structurally strong icebreaking structure zone 100 for impacting and breaking sea ice.

[0057] Preferably, the distance between the upper boundary line 120 of the icebreaking structure zone 100 and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 0.3 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship. The distance between the lower boundary line 110 of the icebreaking structure zone 100 and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 1.0 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship.

[0058] More specifically, the icebreaker bow also includes a non-icebreaking hull 400, which is located above the icebreaking structure zone 100, and the non-icebreaking hull 400 is connected to the upper boundary line 120 of the icebreaking structure zone 100 at an angle. The structural form of the non-icebreaking hull 400 is determined according to the deck layout and the transverse dimensions of the ship, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on it.

[0059] Continue to refer to Figures 1-3 The ice-breaking structure 300 includes an ice-breaking hull 310 and a variable-angle transverse section 320. The ice-breaking hull 310 is located below the icebreaking structure zone 100, connected to the lower boundary line 110, and connected to the bow pillar structure 200 at its bow. The variable-angle transverse section 320 protrudes from both sides of the ice-breaking hull 310 in the transverse direction of the vessel and extends above the icebreaking structure zone 100. Along the longitudinal direction of the vessel and away from the bow pillar structure 200, the size of the variable-angle transverse section 320 gradually increases in the transverse direction of the vessel.

[0060] Specifically, the variable-angle transverse section 320 includes multiple transverse structural members, which are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the forepost structure 200. The dimensions of the multiple transverse structural members increase sequentially in the transverse direction of the ship. Adjacent transverse structural members have a smooth transition in the longitudinal direction of the ship to ensure that the surface of the ice-resistant hull 310 is smooth and streamlined, forming a streamlined structure and reducing the resistance of the ship when moving forward.

[0061] More specifically, in this embodiment, the plurality of transverse structural members include a first transverse structural member 321, a second transverse structural member 322, and a third transverse structural member 323. The first transverse structural member 321, the second transverse structural member 322, and the third transverse structural member 323 are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the forepost structure 200, and the dimensions of the first transverse structural member 321, the second transverse structural member 322, and the third transverse structural member 323 increase sequentially in the transverse direction of the ship.

[0062] More specifically, the first transverse structural member 321 has a first side portion located below the icebreaking structure band 100 on its transverse side, with an angle of 45°-60° between this first side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10. The second transverse structural member 322 has a second side portion located below the icebreaking structure band 100 on its transverse side, with an angle of 70°-80° between this second side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10. The third transverse structural member 323 also has an angle of 70°-80° between its transverse side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10. The smaller angle between the first side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10 is beneficial for icebreaking; the larger angle between the second side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10; and the larger angle between the third transverse structural member 323 and the icebreaking waterline 10 on its transverse side, all contribute to guiding ice fragments to both sides of the ship on the transverse side.

[0063] Preferably, in this embodiment, the angle between the first side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 49°. The angle between the second side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 75°. The angle between the side edge of the third transverse structural member 323 in the transverse direction of the ship and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 77°.

[0064] More specifically, the portion of the first transverse structural member 321 whose side edge in the transverse direction of the ship overlaps with the icebreaking structure strip 100 is a third side portion, and the angle between the third side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 20°-35°. The portion of the second transverse structural member 322 whose side edge in the transverse direction of the ship overlaps with the icebreaking structure strip 100 is a fourth side portion, and the angle between the fourth side portion and the icebreaking waterline 10 is 60°-80°.

[0065] Preferably, in this embodiment, the angle between the third side and the ice-breaking waterline 10 is 34°. The angle between the fourth side and the ice-breaking waterline 10 is 72°.

[0066] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bow for an icebreaker, characterized in that include: Icebreaking structure zone (100), corresponding to icebreaking waterline (10); The bow structure (200), located at the center of the bow of the icebreaker and penetrating the icebreaking structure band (100), is configured for icebreaking; The ice-breaking structure (300) is located on both sides of the bow of the icebreaker in the transverse direction of the ship, in the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bow post structure (200), and the size of the ice-breaking structure (300) gradually increases in the transverse direction of the ship. The angle between a portion of the first pillar structure (200) that coincides with the ice-breaking structure zone (100) and the ice-breaking waterline (10) is the first angle, and the angle between a portion of the first pillar structure (200) located in the area of ​​the anti-floating ice sinking structure (300) and the ice-breaking waterline (10) is the second angle, which is greater than the first angle.

2. Icebreaker bow according to claim 1, characterized in that The ice-prevention and sinking prevention structure (300) includes an ice-prevention and sinking prevention hull (310) and a variable-angle transverse section (320). The ice-prevention and sinking prevention hull (310) is located below the icebreaking structure zone (100) and is connected to the bow structure (200). The variable-angle transverse portion (320) protrudes from both sides of the ice-resistant sinking hull (310) in the transverse direction of the ship and extends above the icebreaking structure zone (100). In the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the bow structure (200), the size of the variable-angle transverse portion (320) gradually increases in the transverse direction of the ship.

3. Icebreaker bow according to claim 2, characterized in that The variable-angle transverse section (320) includes a plurality of transverse structural members, which are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the forepost structure (200), and the dimensions of the plurality of transverse structural members increase sequentially in the transverse direction of the ship.

4. Icebreaker bow according to claim 3, characterized in that The plurality of transverse structural members include a first transverse structural member (321), a second transverse structural member (322), and a third transverse structural member (323). The first transverse structural member (321), the second transverse structural member (322), and the third transverse structural member (323) are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the ship and away from the forepost structure (200). The dimensions of the first transverse structural member (321), the second transverse structural member (322), and the third transverse structural member (323) increase sequentially in the transverse direction of the ship. The first transverse structural member (321) has a first side portion located below the icebreaking structural strip (100) on its side edge in the transverse direction of the ship, and the angle between the first side portion and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 45°-60°; and / or, The second transverse structural member (322) has a second side portion located below the icebreaking structural strip (100) on its transverse side edge, and the angle between the second side portion and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 70°-80°; and / or, The angle between the side edge of the third transverse structural member (323) on the transverse side of the ship and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 70°-80°.

5. Icebreaker bow according to claim 4, characterized in that The portion of the first transverse structural member (321) whose side edge overlaps with the icebreaking structural strip (100) on the transverse side of the ship is a third side portion, and the angle between the third side portion and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 20°-35°; and / or, The second transverse structural member (322) has a fourth side portion that overlaps with the icebreaking structural strip (100) on the transverse side of the ship. The angle between the fourth side portion and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 60°-80°.

6. Icebreaker bow according to claim 1, characterized in that The first included angle is 18°-25°; and / or, The second included angle is 45°-60°.

7. The icebreaker bow according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice-breaking waterline (10) is located between the upper boundary line (120) and the lower boundary line (110) of the ice-breaking structure zone (100).

8. Icebreaker bow according to claim 7, characterized in that The distance between the upper boundary line (120) of the icebreaking structure zone (100) and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 0.1-0.5 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship; and / or, The distance between the lower boundary line (110) of the icebreaking structure zone (100) and the icebreaking waterline (10) is 0.9-1.0 times the maximum icebreaking thickness of the ship.

9. Icebreaker bow according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that The icebreaker bow also includes a non-icebreaking hull (400) located above the icebreaking structure zone (100).

10. A vessel characterised in that, Including the icebreaker bow as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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