Quadratic inversion method and device based on tomographic traveltime residuals

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a tomographic travel time residual-based secondary inversion method and device, the method comprising: obtaining travel time residuals between theoretical travel times and actual travel times corresponding to each receiver in a tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model; decomposing the travel time residuals into travel time residuals at receivers and travel time residuals at shots; selecting target grids from the near-surface velocity model according to rays between shots and receivers and grids where the shots and receivers are located; determining travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid according to the travel time residuals at the receivers and the travel time residuals at the shots, and determining initial wave velocities corresponding to each target grid according to the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid, for updating the near-surface velocity model; through secondary inversion of tomographic travel time residuals, the accuracy of the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model is improved, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of static correction and modeling, and meets the needs of high-precision modeling in complex areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of tomographic inversion technology, and in particular to a secondary inversion method and apparatus based on tomographic travel time residuals. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, oil and gas exploration in western China has deepened, and seismic exploration has entered a region characterized by "three complexities": complex surface, complex subsurface, and complex reservoirs, which places increasingly higher demands on the accuracy of seismic data. However, due to the influence of the surface structure in complex areas, it is difficult to accurately establish near-surface models, and the resulting static correction problems and low migration modeling accuracy affect the acquisition of high-precision seismic results.

[0003] Tomographic inversion modeling is currently the most widely used method both domestically and internationally, playing a crucial role in surface modeling and static correction calculations in complex regions such as the Qaidam Basin, Tarim Basin, and Junggar Basin in western China. It utilizes the travel time and path of seismic wave rays to invert the velocity structure of the stratigraphic medium. When the theoretical travel time and actual travel time residuals of the velocity model stabilize after multiple iterations, the final inversion result is output. Tomographic inversion velocities exhibit multiple solutions and equivalence. In complex regions, influenced by surface survey constraints, surface characteristics, and the inversion method, significant travel time residuals exist when the tomographic inversion reaches convergence. These residuals not only introduce mid-to-high frequency static correction errors but also significantly impact the accuracy of the velocity model. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve them, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method and apparatus for secondary inversion based on tomographic travel time residuals.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model;

[0007] The travel time residual is decomposed into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point;

[0008] The target grid is selected from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located.

[0009] The travel time residuals at the receiver and the shot are used to determine the travel time residuals for each target grid, and the first arrival velocity for each target grid is determined based on the travel time residuals for each target grid, which is then used to update the near-surface velocity model.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the decomposition of the travel time residual into travel time residuals at the receiver point and travel time residuals at the shot point includes:

[0011] The following expression is iterated using the Gauss-Seidel iterative method until the travel-time residuals at the receiver and the shot point remain constant:

[0012] ΔT n =Δt iS1 +Δt iRn

[0013] Where, ΔT n Let Δt be the travel time residual corresponding to the nth receiver point. iS1 Let Δt be the travel time residual at the gun emplacement. iRn Let be the travel time residual at the nth detector point.

[0014] In one possible implementation, selecting the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located, includes:

[0015] Obtain the number n of vertical grids within the depth range of the ray between the shot point and the receiver point;

[0016] The n grids directly below the grid where the geophone point is located and the n grids directly below the grid where the shot point is located are respectively designated as the first target grid and the second target grid.

[0017] In one possible implementation, determining the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point includes:

[0018] Based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the residual values ​​at the shot point, the travel time residuals for each first target grid and the second target grid are determined respectively.

[0019] In one possible implementation, determining the travel time residuals of each first target grid and the second target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point, respectively, includes:

[0020] Based on the vertical dimensions of each first target grid and second target grid and the initial wave velocity of the model inversion, determine the travel time residual weights of each first target grid and second target grid;

[0021] The product of the travel time residual weight of each first target grid and the travel time residual at the receiver point is used as the travel time residual of each first target grid.

[0022] The travel time residual weight of each second target grid is multiplied by the travel time residual at the shot point, and this product is used as the travel time residual of each second target grid.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the travel time residual weights of each first and second target grid are determined based on the vertical dimensions of each first and second target grid and the initial wave velocity from model inversion, using the following expression:

[0024] γi=(h / vi) / T

[0025] T = h / v1 + h / v2 + ... + h / vi

[0026] Where γi is the travel time residual weight of the i-th first target grid or the second target grid, vi is the initial wave velocity of the model inversion of the i-th first target grid or the second target grid, and h is the vertical dimension of a single first target grid.

[0027] In one possible implementation, determining the first arrival velocity of each target grid based on the travel time residuals of each target grid includes:

[0028] For each first target grid and each second target grid, the updated first arrival travel time of the current target grid is calculated based on the travel time residual of the current target grid and the initial wave velocity retrieved from the model inversion.

[0029] The velocity of the current target grid is determined based on the travel time of the first arrival wave after the update of the current target grid.

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a secondary inversion apparatus based on tomographic travel time residuals, comprising:

[0031] The acquisition module is used to obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model.

[0032] The decomposition module is used to decompose the travel time residual into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point;

[0033] The selection module is used to select the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grid where the shot point and the receiver point are located.

[0034] The determination module is used to determine the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point, and to determine the first arrival velocity corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid, which is used to update the near-surface velocity model.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0036] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0037] When the processor executes the program stored in memory, it implements the above-described quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals.

[0038] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure have at least some or all of the following advantages:

[0040] The secondary inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals described in this embodiment obtains the travel time residual between the theoretical and actual travel times for each receiver point in the tomographically inverted near-surface velocity model. This travel time residual is decomposed into travel time residuals at receiver points and shot points. Target grids are selected from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and receiver point are located. The travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid are determined based on the travel time residuals at the receiver and shot points, and the first arrival velocity corresponding to each target grid is determined based on the travel time residuals of each target grid. These velocities are used to update the near-surface velocity model. Through secondary inversion of the tomographic travel time residuals, the accuracy of the tomographically inverted near-surface velocity model is improved, which is beneficial for improving static correction and modeling accuracy, and meets the requirements for high-precision modeling in complex areas. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This illustration schematically shows a flowchart of a quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 2 This schematically illustrates a process for selecting a target grid from a near-surface velocity model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrates the structure of a secondary inversion apparatus based on tomographic travel time residuals according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0048] See Figure 1 The embodiments of this disclosure provide a quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals, the method comprising:

[0049] S1, obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model.

[0050] In this embodiment, the theoretical travel time is the theoretical travel time of the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model, and the actual travel time is the actual time when the detector receives the initial value wave.

[0051] S2 decomposes the travel time residual into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point.

[0052] S3. Select the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located.

[0053] S4 determines the travel time residuals for each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver and the shot point, and determines the first arrival velocity for each target grid based on the travel time residuals for each target grid, which is used to update the near-surface velocity model.

[0054] In this embodiment, step S2, decomposing the travel time residual into travel time residual at the receiver point and travel time residual at the shot point, includes:

[0055] The following expression is iterated using the Gauss-Seidel iterative method until the travel-time residuals at the receiver and the shot point remain constant:

[0056] ΔT n =Δt iS1 +Δt iRn

[0057] Where, ΔT n Let Δt be the travel time residual corresponding to the nth receiver point. iS1 Let Δt be the travel time residual at the gun emplacement. iRn Let be the travel time residual at the nth detector point.

[0058] In this embodiment, the process of iterating the following expression using the Gauss-Seidel iteration method is as follows:

[0059] ΔT n =Δt iS1 +Δt iRn

[0060] Wherein, the shot is fired from point s1, and received by n receiver points, the travel time residuals between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time of the n receiver points are ΔT1, ΔT2, ..., ΔT, respectively. n ;Δt iS1 and Δt iRn Let s1 be the travel time residual at the i-th receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point, respectively. Based on the above expression, the estimated value of the travel time residual at the receiver point is given. The travel time residual at the shot point is calculated. Then, the calculated travel time residual at the shot point is used as the estimated value to calculate the travel time residual at the receiver point. This process is iterated until the estimated value no longer changes, which serves as the convergence condition of the expression.

[0061] In this embodiment, in step S3, see... Figure 2 The step of selecting the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located, includes:

[0062] Obtain the number n of vertical grids within the depth range of the ray between the shot point and the receiver point;

[0063] The n grids directly below the grid where the geophone point is located and the n grids directly below the grid where the shot point is located are respectively designated as the first target grid and the second target grid.

[0064] In this embodiment, step S4, determining the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point, includes:

[0065] Based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the residual values ​​at the shot point, the travel time residuals for each first target grid and the second target grid are determined respectively.

[0066] In this embodiment, determining the travel time residuals of each first target grid and the second target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point includes:

[0067] Based on the vertical dimensions of each first target grid and second target grid and the initial wave velocity of the model inversion, determine the travel time residual weights of each first target grid and second target grid;

[0068] The product of the travel time residual weight of each first target grid and the travel time residual at the receiver point is used as the travel time residual of each first target grid.

[0069] The travel time residual weight of each second target grid is multiplied by the travel time residual at the shot point, and this product is used as the travel time residual of each second target grid.

[0070] In this embodiment, the travel time residual weights of each first target grid and second target grid are determined based on the vertical dimensions of each grid and the initial wave velocity derived from the model inversion, using the following expression:

[0071] γi=(h / vi) / T

[0072] T = h / v1 + h / v2 + ... + h / vi

[0073] Where γi is the travel time residual weight of the i-th first target grid or the second target grid, vi is the initial wave velocity of the model inversion of the i-th first target grid or the second target grid, and h is the vertical dimension of a single first target grid.

[0074] In practical applications, the total time T within the vertical grid range can be calculated first based on the ray depth at the receiver or shot point location of the model. If there are n grids within the ray depth range, the total time T can be calculated using the following expression:

[0075] T = h / v1 + h / v2 + ... + h / vi

[0076] Where i = 1, 2, ..., n; v1, v2, ..., vi represent the velocities of the n grids in the model from shallow to deep; h is the vertical dimension of a single grid.

[0077] Next, calculate the residual weight γ assigned to each grid at the receiver or shot point location. The weight corresponding to each grid is then calculated using the following expression:

[0078] γi=(h / vi) / T

[0079] Where i = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0080] In this embodiment, the travel time residual of each first target grid is obtained by multiplying the travel time residual weight of each first target grid with the travel time residual at the receiver point using the following expression:

[0081] Δti1=δtR*γi1

[0082] Where Δti1 is the travel time residual of the i-th first target grid, γi1 is the travel time residual weight of the i-th first target grid, and δtR is the travel time residual at the detector point corresponding to the i-th first target grid.

[0083] In this embodiment, the product of the travel time residual weight of each second target grid and the travel time residual at the shot point is used as the travel time residual of each second target grid, as expressed by the following expression:

[0084] Δti 2=δtS*γi2

[0085] Where Δti2 is the travel time residual of the i-th second target grid, γi2 is the travel time residual weight of the i-th second target grid, and δtS is the travel time residual at the shot point corresponding to the i-th second target grid.

[0086] In this embodiment, step S4, determining the first arrival velocity of each target grid based on the travel time residuals of each target grid, includes:

[0087] For each first target grid and each second target grid, the updated first arrival travel time of the current target grid is calculated based on the travel time residual of the current target grid and the initial wave velocity retrieved from the model inversion.

[0088] The velocity of the current target grid is determined based on the travel time of the first arrival wave after the update of the current target grid.

[0089] In this embodiment, the updated first arrival travel time of each target grid is calculated based on the travel time residual of the current target grid and the initial wave velocity retrieved from the model inversion, using the following expression:

[0090] t'i=h / vi+Δti3

[0091] Where t'i is the updated first arrival wave travel time of the i-th target grid, vi is the model inversion initial wave velocity of the i-th target grid, h is the vertical dimension of a single target grid, and Δti3 is the travel time residual of the i-th target grid.

[0092] In this embodiment, the velocity of the current target mesh is determined based on the updated first arrival wave travel time of the current target mesh using the following expression:

[0093] v'i=h / t'i3

[0094] Where v'i is the velocity of the first target grid, h is the vertical dimension of a single target grid, and t'i is the updated initial arrival wave travel time of the i-th target grid.

[0095] The secondary inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals disclosed herein can be practically explored and applied in 3D seismic exploration of complex areas such as the Hero Ridge area of ​​the Qaidam Basin and the mountainous area of ​​the Tarim Basin. By applying this method, the influence of tomographic travel time residuals is considered. Through secondary inversion, the residuals are distributed to the grid with certain weights, and the grid velocity information is further updated. This solves the mid-to-high frequency static correction error caused by travel time residuals, improves the accuracy of surface inversion modeling, reduces the equivalence of the surface velocity model, makes it closer to the real velocity model, and improves the accuracy of pre-stack depth migration imaging of seismic data in complex areas.

[0096] See Figure 3 The embodiments of this disclosure provide a quadratic inversion apparatus based on tomographic travel time residuals, comprising:

[0097] Module 11 is used to obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model.

[0098] Decomposition module 12 is used to decompose the travel time residual into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point;

[0099] Select module 13, which is used to select the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grid where the shot point and the receiver point are located.

[0100] The determination module 14 is used to determine the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point, and to determine the first arrival velocity corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid, which is used to update the near-surface velocity model.

[0101] The secondary inversion device based on tomographic travel time residuals disclosed herein feeds back the time difference between the inversion model and the actual travel time into the inversion model through secondary inversion based on travel time residuals. This solves the problem of mid-to-high frequency static correction errors caused by travel time residuals and their impact on the accuracy of the velocity model, improves the accuracy of tomographic inversion in complex areas, and provides more accurate velocity information for subsequent high-precision static correction calculations and shallow migration modeling.

[0102] The specific implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device can be found in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] For the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the present invention according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0104] In the above embodiments, any and more of the acquisition module 11, decomposition module 12, selection module 13, and determination module 14 can be combined into one module, or any one of these modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules can be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules and implemented in one module. At least one of the acquisition module 11, decomposition module 12, selection module 13, and determination module 14 can be at least partially implemented as hardware circuitry, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system-on-a-chip, a system-on-a-substrate, a system-on-package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging circuitry, or implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of these three implementation methods. Alternatively, at least one of the acquisition module 11, decomposition module 12, selection module 13, and determination module 14 can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can perform corresponding functions when the computer program module is run.

[0105] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure includes a processor 1110, a communication interface 1120, a memory 1130, and a communication bus 1140, wherein the processor 1110, the communication interface 1120, and the memory 1130 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1140.

[0106] Memory 1130 is used to store computer programs;

[0107] When processor 1110 executes the program stored in memory 1130, it implements the following quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals:

[0108] Obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model;

[0109] The travel time residual is decomposed into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point;

[0110] The target grid is selected from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located.

[0111] The travel time residuals at the receiver and the shot are used to determine the travel time residuals for each target grid, and the first arrival velocity for each target grid is determined based on the travel time residuals for each target grid, which is then used to update the near-surface velocity model.

[0112] The aforementioned communication bus 1140 can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus 1140 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, it is represented by only one thick line in the figure, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0113] The communication interface 1120 is used for communication between the above-mentioned electronic device and other devices.

[0114] The memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 1130 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 1110.

[0115] The processor 1110 mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0116] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel-time residuals as described above.

[0117] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the device / apparatus described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed, implement the quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0118] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as including, but not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0119] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0120] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model; The travel time residual is decomposed into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point; The target grid is selected from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located. The travel time residuals at the receiver and the shot are used to determine the travel time residuals for each target grid, and the first arrival velocity for each target grid is determined based on the travel time residuals for each target grid, which is then used to update the near-surface velocity model.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of decomposing the travel time residual into travel time residuals at the receiver point and travel time residuals at the shot point includes: The following expression is iterated using the Gauss-Seidel iterative method until the travel-time residuals at the receiver and the shot point remain constant: in, The travel time residual corresponding to the nth receiver point. The travel time residual at the artillery position. Let be the travel time residual at the nth detector point.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grids where the shot point and the receiver point are located, includes: Obtain the number n of vertical grids within the depth range of the ray between the shot point and the receiver point; The n grids directly below the grid where the geophone point is located and the n grids directly below the grid where the shot point is located are respectively designated as the first target grid and the second target grid.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the travel time residuals for each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point includes: Based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the residual values ​​at the shot point, the travel time residuals for each first target grid and the second target grid are determined respectively.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the travel time residuals for each first target grid and the second target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point includes: Based on the vertical dimensions of each first target grid and second target grid and the first arrival wave velocity retrieved from the model, determine the travel time residual weights for each first target grid and second target grid; The product of the travel time residual weight of each first target grid and the travel time residual at the receiver point is used as the travel time residual of each first target grid. The travel time residual weight of each second target grid is multiplied by the travel time residual at the shot point, and this product is used as the travel time residual of each second target grid.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The travel time residual weights for each of the first and second target grids are determined using the following expression, based on the vertical dimensions of each first and second target grid and the model-inverted first arrival wave velocity: γi=(hi / vi) / T T = h1 / v1 + h2 / v2 + ... + hn / vi Where γi is the travel time residual weight of the i-th first target grid or second target grid, vi is the model inversion first arrival wave velocity of the i-th first target grid or second target grid, hi is the vertical dimension of the i-th first target grid or second target grid, T is the total time of the vertical n grids, i=1,2,…,n, and n is the number of vertical grids within the ray depth range.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the first arrival wave velocity corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals of each target grid includes: For each first target grid and each second target grid, the updated first arrival travel time of the current target grid is calculated based on the travel time residual of the current target grid and the first arrival velocity retrieved from the model. The velocity of the current target grid is determined based on the travel time of the first arrival wave after the update of the current target grid.

8. A quadratic inversion device based on tomographic travel time residuals, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the travel time residual between the theoretical travel time and the actual travel time for each receiver point in the tomographic inversion near-surface velocity model. The decomposition module is used to decompose the travel time residual into the travel time residual at the receiver point and the travel time residual at the shot point; The selection module is used to select the target grid from the near-surface velocity model based on the ray between the shot point and the receiver point, as well as the grid where the shot point and the receiver point are located. The determination module is used to determine the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals at the receiver point and the shot point, and to determine the first arrival velocity corresponding to each target grid based on the travel time residuals corresponding to each target grid, which is used to update the near-surface velocity model.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements the quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the quadratic inversion method based on tomographic travel time residuals as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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