Transplanter capable of integrated planting

Abstract

A kind of transplanting machine can realize integrated planting.It includes rope type folding seedling storage mechanism, "n" type groove cam seedling moving mechanism, rotary disc type seedling distributing mechanism, hanging basket type eccentric duckbill planting mechanism, wheel, frame, spoke type seedling transporting mechanism, transmission mechanism and controller;The effect of the present application is that several subsystems such as seedling preparation, seedling sending, seedling moving, seedling planting and soil covering are integrated into one, forming a set of efficient modern intelligent agricultural transplanting machinery, realizing integrated operation process, automatically completing the whole process from seedling preparation to seedling planting, greatly improving planting efficiency and reducing labor intensity, greatly reducing labor demand, also ensuring operation quality, reducing production cost, improving economic benefit, realizing large-scale and standardized plant transplanting.The structure is compact, the function is comprehensive, the work is reliable, and the problem that current agricultural machinery cannot well adapt to the needs of modern agricultural production and operation is preliminarily solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically relates to a transplanter that can achieve integrated planting. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of agricultural mechanization and the acceleration of urbanization in my country, vegetable planting patterns have gradually shifted from scattered planting to large-scale farm production. Transplanting is an indispensable part of large-scale vegetable planting, so while pursuing transplanting efficiency, it is necessary to strictly control the quality of transplanting.

[0003] However, the commonly used transplanting equipment in my country is currently semi-automatic transplanters, which still require manual seedling handling, which is not only labor-intensive but also difficult to achieve ideal transplanting results. With the increasing vegetable consumption, planting area, and yield in my country year by year, the efficiency of semi-automatic transplanters can no longer meet the needs of vegetable transplanting production. Automatic transplanters represent the main future development direction for vegetable transplanting in my country, and are the main approach to achieving automatic transplanters through the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, optimization and innovation of transplanting mechanisms, and the introduction of intelligent measurement and control technology. Currently, with the development of intelligent measurement and control technologies such as electronic control technology and intelligent detection and identification technology, and their gradual application in agricultural production, there is an urgent need to optimize the structural design of automatic transplanters based on existing transplanter models, and to complete the collection of transplanting information and adjustment of transplanting operation parameters based on intelligent measurement and control technology, realizing an integrated transplanting operation of intelligent identification, seedling handling, seedling placement, and planting, thus promoting the automation of transplanting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a transplanter capable of integrated planting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a transplanter capable of integrated planting, comprising a rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism, an "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism, a turntable-type seedling separating mechanism, a hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill planting mechanism, wheels, a frame, a spoke-type seedling transport mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a controller; wherein, the frame has a double-layer structure, and a set of wheels is respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the bottom sides; the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism, the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism, and the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism are arranged sequentially from front to back on the upper layer of the frame; the "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism is provided with... The spoke-type seedling transport mechanism is located on the upper side; the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism is located at the lower front of the frame and below the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism; the transmission mechanism is located at the lower rear of the frame and is connected to the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transplanting mechanism, the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism, and the wheels respectively through the transmission device; the controller is electrically connected to the electrical control components on the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism, the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transplanting mechanism, the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism, the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism, the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism, and the transmission mechanism respectively.

[0006] The rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism includes: a screw lifting module, a first slider, a first slide rail, a seedling storage tray, and a fixing plate; wherein the fixing plate is vertically installed at the upper rear end of the frame, a screw lifting module is vertically installed at the center of the front end face, and two parallel first slide rails are installed on both sides of the front end face; multiple first sliders are installed on each first slide rail from top to bottom; two first slide rails at the same height on the two first slide rails are simultaneously fixed to both sides of the rear end face of a seedling storage tray; the middle of the rear end face of the uppermost seedling storage tray is simultaneously connected to the slider installed at the uppermost end of the screw lifting module.

[0007] The spoke-type seedling transport mechanism includes: spokes, a first sprocket, a chain support plate, a gear fixing plate, a fixing plate support shaft, a double-ear chain, a chain tensioning bolt, a chain tensioning slider, a first bearing seat, and a seedling transport drive shaft. Two gear fixing plates are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the frame in a vertical direction and are connected to each other in the middle by two fixing plate support shafts. Each gear fixing plate has a first sprocket on each side, with a horizontal adjustment hole at one end and a threaded hole on the same end face that communicates with the outer end of the horizontal adjustment hole. A seedling transport drive shaft connects a pair of opposing first sprockets on the two gear fixing plates. Both ends of the drive shaft pass through the gear fixing plate and are fixed to the first bearing seat located on the outside of the gear fixing plate; another pair of first sprockets are supported by a chain tensioning slider externally located in a horizontal adjustment hole; each double-ear chain is simultaneously fitted onto two first sprockets located on the same gear fixing plate in an meshing manner; the two ends of multiple spokes are connected at intervals between the two double-ear chains; the chain support plate is made of angle steel, with its horizontal surface located below the double-ear chains and its vertical surface fixed to the inner side of the gear fixing plate; the chain tensioning bolt is threaded into a threaded hole at one end of the gear fixing plate and its front end is threaded into a radial threaded hole on the chain tensioning slider.

[0008] The "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism includes: a second slide rail, a seedling clamping adjustment plate, a second slider, a lower connecting plate of the slide rail, a first bearing, an n-shaped slide rail fixing plate, an upper connecting plate of the slide rail, an n-shaped slide rail, a transmission rod, a third slider, a transplanting transmission shaft, a seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate, a lead screw fixing plate, a seedling clamping horizontal push plate, a lead screw, a seedling clamping fixed push plate, a third slide rail, a stud roller bearing, a seedling clamping moving push plate, a transplanting mechanism fixing plate, a fourth slide rail, and a fourth slider; wherein, the transplanting mechanism fixing plate is vertically arranged, and two transplanting mechanism fixing plates are arranged in parallel on the upper ends of the two gear fixing plates on the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism; each transplanting mechanism fixing plate has an inner surface mounted with... An n-shaped slide rail fixing plate; an n-shaped slide rail is installed in the middle of the inner side of each n-shaped slide rail fixing plate, and an n-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the inner side of the n-shaped slide rail. A third slide rail is horizontally installed at the upper and lower edges of the inner side of the n-shaped slide rail fixing plate, and two third slide blocks are installed on each third slide rail. Upper slide rail connecting plates are installed on the two upper third slide blocks, and lower slide rail connecting plates are installed on the two lower third slide blocks. Second slide rails are vertically arranged, and the upper and lower ends of the two second slide rails are respectively installed on the inner sides of the upper and lower slide rail connecting plates. Two second slide blocks are vertically installed on both sides of the back of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate. Two second sliders on each side are respectively mounted on two second slide rails; the middle of the seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate, the n-shaped slide rail fixing plate, and the n-shaped slide rail all have a round hole for simultaneously installing the first bearing; the middle of the seedling transplanting drive shaft is located inside the first bearing, the outer end is located outside the seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate, and the inner end is connected to one end of the drive rod; the drive rod is horizontally set at the middle hole of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate, and a transverse groove is provided on the side away from the seedling transplanting drive shaft; the inner end of the stud roller bearing is located in the transverse groove on the drive rod, and the outer end mates with the n-shaped groove; the lower part of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate has three transverse grooves; the seedling clamping adjustment plate is located inside the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate, and The front part is bolted to any horizontal slot on the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate to adjust the relative position of the two parts; the inner front side of the seedling clamping adjustment plate is equipped with a fourth slide rail, and the fourth slider is mounted on the fourth slide rail; the two ends of the seedling clamping moving push plate are respectively fixed to the two fourth sliders on the two seedling clamping adjustment plates; the two ends of the seedling clamping fixing push plate are respectively mounted on the front ends of the two seedling clamping adjustment plates; the seedling clamping horizontal push plate is an inverted L-shaped plate, in which the lower end of the vertical plate is connected to the seedling clamping moving push plate, the bottom surface of the horizontal plate is connected to the slider at the upper end of the lead screw, and the lower end of the lead screw is set on the lead screw fixing plate; the lead screw has its own driver; the two ends of the lead screw fixing plate are respectively connected to the two seedling clamping mechanism fixing plates.

[0009] The rotary seedling separating mechanism includes: seedling tubes, a vertical double-ear chain, sprockets, a fixed plate, a driven shaft, a bearing seat, a seedling separating mechanism motor, and a motor seat. The fixed plate is horizontally positioned, its bottom surface fixed to the upper front of the frame, with a seedling insertion opening at the front end and a bearing seat connected to one side of its bottom. A driven shaft is fixed in the center hole of the bearing seat, and its upper end passes through the fixed plate and is fixed in the center hole of a sprocket. The motor seat is connected to the other side of the fixed plate. The seedling separating mechanism motor is mounted on the motor seat, and its upper output shaft passes through the fixed plate and is fixed in the center hole of another sprocket. The vertical double-ear chain is horizontally fitted onto the two sprockets in an meshing manner. The lower ends of multiple seedling tubes are fixed at intervals on the double-ear chain.

[0010] The hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism includes: a connecting rod, a second bearing, a third bearing, a first plug screw, an inserter, a concentric plate, a duckbill opening, a cam, a flange, a fourth bearing, a perforated pin, a guide ring, a fifth bearing, an eccentric plate, a second plug screw, and an eccentric plate support plate. The concentric plates are vertically arranged, and two concentric plates are concentrically positioned on the lower front side of the frame at a distance from each other. The flange is fixed at both ends in the central holes of the two concentric plates. Multiple cams are spaced apart on the edge of each concentric plate, and the multiple cams on the two concentric plates are correspondingly arranged. Each cam has a through hole for mounting the fifth bearing 65. Each inserter has a support column on each side that connects to a pair of corresponding fifth bearing central holes on the two cams, and a seedling receiving port at the upper end. Two duckbill openings are interlocked on the two support columns of one inserter. Each first plug screw penetrates the middle of one support column and the upper sides of one duckbill opening. The duckbill opening is hinged to the soil inserter, allowing the lower parts of the two duckbill openings to open or close. A second screw is provided at the top of the support column on the outer side of the duckbill opening to secure the fourth bearing. A cam drives the fourth bearing, thus opening and closing the duckbill opening. The outer end of the inner support column on each soil inserter is fixedly connected to the left side of a horizontally positioned connecting rod. The right side of the connecting rod has a hole for installing a second bearing. The eccentric disc is annular, positioned parallel to the concentric disc 58 inside the concentric disc, and fixed to the eccentric disc support plate located outside the eccentric disc. One end of each perforated pin is connected to a second bearing, and the other end is connected to the eccentric disc. Multiple third bearings are arranged around the center of the eccentric disc support plate, each bearing having a guide ring fitted on it, and the circumference of the guide ring contacting the edge of the central hole of the eccentric disc. The seedling drive shaft passes through the center of the concentric disc and the eccentric disc support plate, and both ends are connected to bearing seats fixed to the frame.

[0011] The transmission mechanism is located at the lower rear of the frame and includes a seedling transport mechanism motor, a seedling transplanting mechanism motor, a seedling planting mechanism motor, and a wheel motor. The seedling transport mechanism motor is connected to the seedling transport drive shaft on the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7 via a transmission device. The seedling transplanting mechanism motor is connected to the seedling transplanting drive shaft on the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transplanting mechanism via a transmission device. The seedling planting mechanism motor is connected to the seedling planting drive shaft on the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism via a transmission device. The wheel motor is connected to the wheel axle on the wheel via a transmission device.

[0012] The controller is electrically connected to the lead screw lifting module, the seedling separating mechanism motor, the seedling transport mechanism motor, the seedling transplanting mechanism motor, the seedling planting mechanism motor, the wheel motor, and the lead screw driver, respectively.

[0013] The transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This invention integrates several subsystems, such as seedling preparation, seedling delivery, seedling transplanting, seedling planting, and soil covering, into a single, highly efficient, modern, intelligent agricultural transplanting machine. It achieves an integrated operation process, automatically completing the entire process from seedling preparation to seedling planting, greatly improving planting efficiency and reducing labor intensity. It significantly reduces manpower requirements, while also ensuring operational quality, reducing production costs, improving economic benefits, and realizing large-scale, standardized plant transplanting.

[0015] 2. This invention has a compact structure, comprehensive functions, and reliable operation, and initially solves the problem that current agricultural machinery cannot well adapt to the needs of modern agricultural production and management.

[0016] 3. By designing a hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill transplanting mechanism, a cam was designed to realize the autonomous opening and closing of the duckbill-type soil inserter. The eccentric circle-based structural design ensures that the duckbill-type soil inserter opens and closes horizontally at the design point, realizing the function of planting while walking with high planting efficiency and high structural density.

[0017] 4. The inverted "U"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism achieves precise point-to-point transportation of transplanted seedlings by setting groove cams and TPU flexible clamps, and the flexible structure ensures the integrity of the transplanted seedlings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of a transplanter that enables integrated planting, provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 An exploded perspective view of the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 An exploded perspective view of the "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting, as shown from the bottom.

[0024] Figure 7 An exploded perspective view of the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 An exploded perspective view of the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism in the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the transplanter for integrated planting provided by this invention includes a rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism 1, an "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism 2, a turntable-type seedling separating mechanism 3, a hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill planting mechanism 4, wheels 5, a frame 6, a spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7, a transmission mechanism 70, and a controller; wherein, the frame 6 has a double-layer structure, and a set of wheels 5 is respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the bottom sides; the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism 3, the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7, and the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism 1 are arranged sequentially from front to back on the upper layer of the frame 6; the "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism 2 is arranged on the spokes... The strip-type seedling transport mechanism 7 is located on the upper side; the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism 4 is located at the lower front of the frame 6 and below the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism 3; the transmission mechanism 70 is located at the lower rear of the frame 6 and is connected to the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transplanting mechanism 2, the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism 4 and the wheel 5 respectively through the transmission device; the controller is electrically connected to the electrical control components on the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism 1, the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transplanting mechanism 2, the turntable-type seedling separating mechanism 3, the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism 4, the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7 and the transmission mechanism 70 respectively.

[0028] The rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism 1 includes: a screw lifting module 8, a first slider 9, a first slide rail 10, a seedling storage tray 11, and a fixing plate 12; wherein the fixing plate 12 is vertically installed at the upper rear end of the frame 6, a screw lifting module 8 is vertically installed at the center of the front end face, and two parallel first slide rails 10 are installed on both sides of the front end face; multiple first sliders 9 are installed on each first slide rail 10 from top to bottom; two first slide rails 10 at the same height are simultaneously fixed to both sides of the rear end face of a seedling storage tray 11; the middle of the rear end face of the uppermost seedling storage tray 11 is simultaneously connected to the slider at the uppermost end of the screw lifting module 8.

[0029] The spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7 includes: spokes 13, first sprockets 14, chain support plates 15, gear fixing plates 16, fixing plate support shafts 17, double-ear chains 18, chain tensioning bolts 19, chain tensioning sliders 20, first bearing seats 21, and seedling transport drive shafts 22; wherein, two gear fixing plates 16 are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the frame 6 in a vertical direction, and are connected to each other in the middle by two fixing plate support shafts 17; each gear fixing plate 16 has a first sprocket 14 on both sides, with a horizontal adjustment hole at one end and a threaded hole connected to the outer end of the horizontal adjustment hole on the end face of the same end; a seedling transport drive shaft 22 connects a pair of opposing first sprockets 14 on the two gear fixing plates 16, and Both ends of the seedling transport drive shaft 22 pass through the gear fixing plate 16 and are fixed to the first bearing seat 21 located on the outside of the gear fixing plate 16; another pair of first sprockets 14 are supported by a chain tensioning slider 20 externally located in a horizontal adjustment hole; each double-ear chain 18 is simultaneously fitted onto the two first sprockets 14 located on the same gear fixing plate 16 in an meshing manner; the two ends of multiple spokes 13 are connected at intervals between the two double-ear chains 18; the chain support plate 15 is made of angle steel, with its horizontal surface located below the double-ear chains 18 and its vertical surface fixed to the inner side of the gear fixing plate 16; the chain tensioning bolt 19 is threaded into the threaded hole at one end of the gear fixing plate 16 and its front end is threaded into the radial threaded hole on the chain tensioning slider 20.

[0030] The “n”-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism 2 includes: a second slide rail 23, a seedling clamping adjustment plate 24, a second slider 25, a lower connecting plate 26 of the slide rail, a first bearing 27, an n-shaped slide rail fixing plate 28, an upper connecting plate 29 of the slide rail, an n-shaped slide rail 30, a transmission rod 31, a third slider 33, a transplanting transmission shaft 34, a seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate 35, a lead screw fixing plate 36, a seedling clamping horizontal push plate 37, a lead screw 38, a seedling clamping fixed push plate 39, a third slide rail 40, a stud roller bearing 41, a seedling clamping moving push plate 42, a transplanting mechanism fixing plate 43, a fourth slide rail 44, and a fourth slider 92; wherein, the transplanting mechanism fixing plate 43 is vertically arranged, and two transplanting mechanism fixing plates 43 are arranged in parallel on the upper gear fixing plates 16 of the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7. Each seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate 43 has an n-shaped slide rail fixing plate 28 installed on its inner side; an n-shaped slide rail 30 is installed in the middle of the inner side of each n-shaped slide rail fixing plate 28, and an n-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the inner side of the n-shaped slide rail 30. A horizontally installed third slide rail 40 is provided at the upper and lower edges of the inner side of the n-shaped slide rail fixing plate 28, and two third sliders 33 are installed on each third slide rail 40; an upper slide rail connecting plate 29 is installed on the two upper third sliders 33, and a lower slide rail connecting plate 26 is installed on the two lower third sliders 33; the second slide rail 23 is vertically arranged, and the upper and lower ends of the two second slide rails 23 are respectively installed on the inner sides of the upper slide rail connecting plate 29 and the lower slide rail connecting plate 26; seedling clamping mechanism. Two second sliders 25 are vertically mounted on both sides of the back of the fixing plate 35, and the two second sliders 25 on each side are respectively mounted on two second slide rails 23; the middle of the seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate 43, the n-shaped slide rail fixing plate 28, and the n-shaped slide rail 30 are all formed with a round hole for simultaneously installing the first bearing 27; the middle of the seedling transplanting drive shaft 34 is located inside the first bearing 27, the outer end is located outside the seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate 43, and the inner end is connected to one end of the drive rod 31; the drive rod 31 is horizontally set at the middle hole of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate 35, and a transverse groove is provided on the side away from the seedling transplanting drive shaft 34; the inner end of the stud roller bearing 41 is located in the transverse groove on the drive rod 31, and the outer end mates with the n-shaped groove; the lower part of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate 35 is provided with three transverse grooves. The seedling clamping adjustment plate 24 is located inside the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate 35, and its front part is bolted to any horizontal groove on the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate 35 for adjusting the relative position of the two. A fourth slide rail 44 is installed on the front of the inner side of the seedling clamping adjustment plate 24, and a fourth slider 92 is installed on the fourth slide rail 44. The two ends of the seedling clamping moving push plate 42 are respectively fixed to the two fourth sliders 92 on the two seedling clamping adjustment plates 24. The two ends of the seedling clamping fixing push plate 39 are respectively installed at the front ends of the two seedling clamping adjustment plates 24. The seedling clamping horizontal push plate 37 is an inverted L-shaped plate, wherein the lower end of the vertical plate is connected to the seedling clamping moving push plate 42, and the bottom surface of the horizontal plate is connected to the slider at the upper end of the lead screw 38. The lower end of the lead screw 38 is set on the lead screw fixing plate 36. The lead screw 38 has its own driver.The two ends of the lead screw fixing plate 36 are respectively connected to the two seedling clamping mechanism fixing plates 35.

[0031] The rotary seedling separating mechanism 3 includes: seedling tubes 45, vertical double-eared chains 46, sprockets 47, a fixing plate 48, a driven shaft 49, a bearing seat 50, a seedling separating mechanism motor 51, and a motor seat 52. The fixing plate 48 is horizontally positioned, its bottom surface fixed to the upper front of the frame 6, with a seedling inlet 93 at its front end, and a bearing seat 50 connected to one side of its bottom. The driven shaft 49 is fixed in the center hole of the bearing seat 50, and its upper end passes through the fixing plate 48 and is fixed in the center hole of a sprocket 47. The motor seat 52 is connected to the other side of the fixing plate 48. The seedling separating mechanism motor 51 is mounted on the motor seat 52, and its upper output shaft passes through the fixing plate 48 and is fixed in the center hole of another sprocket 47. The vertical double-eared chains 46 are horizontally fitted onto the two sprockets 47 in an meshing manner. The lower ends of multiple seedling tubes 45 are fixed at intervals on the double-eared chains 46.

[0032] The hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill planting mechanism 5 includes: a connecting rod 53, a second bearing 54, a third bearing 55, a first plug screw 56, a soil inserter 57, a concentric plate 58, a duckbill opening 59, a cam 60, a flange 61, a fourth bearing 62, a perforated pin 63, a guide ring 64, a fifth bearing 65, an eccentric plate 66, a second plug screw 68, and an eccentric plate support plate 69; wherein, the concentric plate 58 is vertically arranged, and two concentric plates 58 are concentrically arranged at a distance from each other on one side of the lower front of the frame 1; the two ends of the flange 61 are respectively fixed in the central holes of the two concentric plates 58. Each concentric disc 58 has multiple cams 60 spaced apart on its edge, and the multiple cams 60 on two concentric discs 58 are correspondingly arranged; each cam 60 has a through hole on its outer side for mounting a fifth bearing 65; each soil inserter 57 has a support column on each side that connects to the center holes of a pair of corresponding fifth bearings 65 on the two cams 60, and has a seedling inlet 67 at its upper end; two duckbill openings 59 are interlocked on the two support columns of a soil inserter 57; each first plug screw 56 passes through the middle of a support column and a duckbill opening 59. The upper two sides of the cam 60 hinge the duckbill opening 59 to the soil inserter 57, so that the lower parts of the two duckbill openings 59 can open or close. The top of the support column on the outer side of the duckbill opening 59 is provided with a second plug screw 68 for fixing the fourth bearing 62. The cam 60 drives the fourth bearing 62 to realize the opening and closing of the duckbill opening 59. The outer end of the support column on the inner side of each soil inserter 57 is fixedly connected to the left side of a horizontally arranged connecting rod 53. The right side of the connecting rod 53 is provided with a hole for installing the second bearing 54. The eccentric disk 66 is annular and parallel to the concentric disk 58. The method is set inside the concentric disk 58 and fixed on the eccentric disk support disk 69 located outside the eccentric disk 66; one end of each perforated pin 63 is connected to a second bearing 54, and the other end is connected to the eccentric disk 66; multiple third bearings 55 are provided around the center of the eccentric disk support disk 69, and a guide ring 64 is fitted on each third bearing 55, and the circumference of the guide ring 64 contacts the edge of the central hole of the eccentric disk 66; the seedling drive shaft passes through the center of the concentric disk 58 and the eccentric disk support disk 69, and both ends are connected to the bearing seats fixed on the frame 1.

[0033] The transmission mechanism 70 is located at the lower rear of the frame 1 and includes a seedling transport mechanism motor, a seedling transplanting mechanism motor, a seedling planting mechanism motor, and a wheel motor. The seedling transport mechanism motor is connected to the seedling transport drive shaft 22 on the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7 via a transmission device. The seedling transplanting mechanism motor is connected to the seedling transplanting drive shaft 34 on the “n”-shaped groove cam seedling transplanting mechanism 2 via a transmission device. The seedling planting mechanism motor is connected to the seedling planting drive shaft on the hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism 4 via a transmission device. The wheel motor is connected to the wheel axle 75 on the wheel 5 via a transmission device.

[0034] The controller is electrically connected to the drivers of the lead screw lifting module 8, the seedling separating mechanism motor 51, the seedling transport mechanism motor, the seedling transplanting mechanism motor, the seedling planting mechanism motor, the wheel motor, and the lead screw 38.

[0035] The following describes the method of using a transplanter that enables integrated planting, as provided by this invention:

[0036] Before starting the transplanter that enables integrated planting provided by the present invention, each flexible seedling tray containing a transplanted seedling is manually placed on a seedling storage tray 11. Then, the transplanter is started. Under the control of the controller, the first slider 9 is driven to move downward along the first slide rail 10 at a preset speed by the screw lifting module 8 in the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism 1. This causes the seedling storage tray 11 and the flexible seedling tray on it to move downward together.

[0037] Since the width of the seedling storage tray 11 is slightly shorter than the width of the flexible seedling tray, the front half of the flexible seedling tray will get stuck between the two spokes 13 at the rear end of the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism 7 when it moves downward. The motor of the seedling transport mechanism drives the spokes 13 to rotate through the transmission device, the seedling transport transmission shaft 22 and the first sprocket 14, thereby transporting the flexible seedling tray forward to the preset position and stopping the operation of the seedling transport mechanism motor.

[0038] Initially, the horizontal push plate 37 and the fixed push plate 39 in the "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism 2 are separated and located at the front end. The transplanting mechanism motor drives the transplanting transmission shaft 34 to rotate through the transmission device. The transplanting transmission shaft 34 drives the transmission rod 31 to rotate. When the transmission rod 31 rotates, the stud roller bearing 41 moves from the rear end to the front end in the n-shaped groove. When the fixed plate 35 of the seedling clamping mechanism moves to the front end with the stud roller bearing 41, it completes the upward, backward, and downward movement towards the transplanted seedling. This causes the fixed push plate 39 to cross the flexible seedling tray, resulting in the horizontal push plate 37 and the fixed push plate 39 moving across the flexible seedling tray. The seedling clamping and fixing push plates 39 are located on the front and rear sides of the flexible seedling tray. The screw 38 drives the seedling clamping horizontal push plate 37 to move forward, clamping the upper end of the transplanted seedling together with the seedling clamping and fixing push plates 39. The transplanting mechanism motor drives the transplanting transmission shaft 34 and the transmission rod 31 to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission device, so that the stud roller bearing 41 is located in the middle of the n-shaped groove, thereby pulling the transplanted seedling upward from the seedling tray. When the stud roller bearing 41 continues to move to the rear end of the n-shaped groove, the transplanted seedling is transported to the top of the turntable seedling separating mechanism 3. The screw 38 drives the seedling clamping horizontal push plate 37 to move backward and release the transplanted seedling. The transplanted seedling falls into the seedling tube 45 at the preset position. The seedling separating mechanism motor 51 drives the sprocket 47 to rotate the seedling tube 45 fixed on the vertical double-ear chain 46, thereby transporting the transplanted seedling to the seedling inlet 93 at the front end of the fixing plate 48.

[0039] The transplanted seedling falls into the receiving port 67 by gravity at the seedling hole 93. The wheel motor drives the wheel axle 75 through the transmission device, causing the wheel 5 to rotate and the entire transplanter to move forward. The planting mechanism motor drives the planting drive shaft to rotate through the transmission device, which in turn drives the flange 61 and the concentric plate 58 to rotate. This causes the receiving port 67 and the duckbill port 59 to perform a constant horizontal eccentric circular motion under the constraint of the connecting rod 53 and the eccentric plate 66. When the concentric plate 58 rotates 135 degrees clockwise, the transplanted seedling is transported to the preset position. The fourth bearing 62 on the duckbill port 59 moves along the cam 60, causing the two interlocked duckbill ports 59 to gradually open. The concentric plate 58 continues to rotate 45 degrees clockwise. After the duckbill port 59 is inserted into the transplanting soil, it fully opens and plants the transplanted seedling in the transplanting soil. The concentric plate 58 continues to rotate 45 degrees clockwise, and the duckbill port 59 gradually closes, completing the soil covering work. At this point, the first transplanted seedling has been planted, and the flexible seedling tray will fall from the spokes 13 at the front end down through the bottom of the frame 1 into the transplanting soil; the next transplanted seedling will be planted after the designed time interval. By controlling the frequency of the transplanting mechanism picking up the seedlings and the rotation speed of the seedling separating mechanism and the planting mechanism, the time interval between adjacent transplanted seedlings during the transplanting process can be controlled, realizing continuous transplanting work. The entire transplanter continuously completes the transplanting task while moving forward.

[0040] After all transplanting tasks are completed, the wheel motors can be controlled individually via the controller, thereby controlling wheel 5 to drive the transplanter back. The transplanting path can also be customized on the controller.

Claims

1. A transplanter capable of integrated planting, characterized in that: The transplanter includes a rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism (1), an "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism (2), a turntable seedling separating mechanism (3), a hanging basket-type eccentric duckbill seedling planting mechanism (4), wheels (5), a frame (6), a spoke-type seedling transport mechanism (7), a transmission mechanism (70), and a controller; wherein, the frame (6) is a double-layer structure, and a set of wheels (5) is provided on the front and rear parts of the bottom sides respectively; the turntable seedling separating mechanism (3), the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism (7), and the rope-type folding seedling storage mechanism (1) are arranged sequentially from front to back on the upper layer of the frame (6); the "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism (2) is arranged on the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism (70). The upper side of the frame (6) is located at the lower front of the frame (6) and below the turntable seedling separation mechanism (3). The transmission mechanism (70) is located at the lower rear of the frame (6) and is connected to the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transfer mechanism (2), the hanging basket eccentric duckbill seedling transfer mechanism (4), and the wheel (5) respectively through the transmission device. The controller is electrically connected to the electrical control components on the rope folding seedling storage mechanism (1), the "n"-shaped groove cam seedling transfer mechanism (2), the turntable seedling separation mechanism (3), the hanging basket eccentric duckbill seedling transfer mechanism (4), the spoke seedling transport mechanism (7), and the transmission mechanism (70). The "n"-shaped groove cam transplanting mechanism (2) includes: a second slide rail (23), a seedling clamping adjustment plate (24), a second slider (25), a slide rail lower connecting plate (26), a first bearing (27), an n-shaped slide rail fixing plate (28), a slide rail upper connecting plate (29), an n-shaped slide rail (30), a transmission rod (31), a third slider (33), a transplanting transmission shaft (34), a seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35), a lead screw fixing plate (36), a seedling clamping horizontal push plate (37), a lead screw (38), a seedling clamping fixed push plate (39), a third slide rail (40), a stud roller bearing (41), a seedling clamping moving push plate (42), a transplanting mechanism fixing plate (43), a fourth slide rail (44), and a fourth slider (92); wherein, the transplanting machine The fixed plate (43) is vertically set, and the two seedling transplanting mechanism fixed plates (43) are set in parallel on the upper end of the two gear fixed plates (16) on the spoke-type seedling transport mechanism (7); an n-shaped slide rail fixed plate (28) is installed on the inner side of each seedling transplanting mechanism fixed plate (43); an n-shaped slide rail (30) is installed in the middle of the inner side of each n-shaped slide rail fixed plate (28), and an n-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the inner side of the n-shaped slide rail (30). A third slide rail (40) is installed horizontally on the upper and lower edges of the inner side of the n-shaped slide rail fixed plate (28), and two third sliders (33) are installed on each third slide rail (40); the upper side connecting plate (29) of the slide rail is installed on the two third sliders (33) on the upper side, and the lower side connecting plate (29) of the slide rail is installed on the two third sliders (33) on the lower side. Two third sliders (33) are mounted with a lower connecting plate (26) on the slide rail; the second slide rail (23) is vertically set, and the upper and lower ends of the two second slide rails (23) are respectively mounted on the inner sides of the upper connecting plate (29) and the lower connecting plate (26) of the slide rail; two second sliders (25) are vertically mounted on both sides of the back of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35), and the two second sliders (25) on each side are respectively mounted on the two second slide rails (23); the middle of the seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate (43), the n-shaped slide rail fixing plate (28) and the n-shaped slide rail (30) are all formed with a round hole for simultaneously installing the first bearing (27); the middle of the seedling transplanting drive shaft (34) is located inside the first bearing (27), and the outer end is located inside the seedling transplanting mechanism fixing plate (43). The outer side of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35) has an inner end connected to one end of the transmission rod (31); the transmission rod (31) is horizontally set at the middle hole of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35), and a horizontal groove is provided on the side away from the seedling transfer transmission shaft (34); the inner end of the stud roller bearing (41) is set in the horizontal groove on the transmission rod (31), and the outer end is matched with the n-shaped groove; the lower part of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35) has three horizontal grooves; the seedling clamping adjustment plate (24) is located on the inner side of the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35), and the front part is installed at any horizontal groove on the seedling clamping mechanism fixing plate (35) by bolts, for adjusting the relative position of the two; the inner side of the seedling clamping adjustment plate (24) is equipped with a fourth slide rail (44), and the fourth slider (92) is installed on the fourth slide rail (44);The two ends of the seedling clamping moving push plate (42) are respectively fixed to the two fourth sliders (92) on the two seedling clamping adjusting plates (24); the two ends of the seedling clamping fixing push plate (39) are respectively installed on the front ends of the two seedling clamping adjusting plates (24); the seedling clamping horizontal push plate (37) is an inverted L-shaped plate, wherein the lower end of the vertical plate is connected to the seedling clamping moving push plate (42), and the bottom surface of the horizontal plate is connected to the slider at the upper end of the lead screw (38). The lower end of the lead screw (38) is set on the lead screw fixing plate (36); the lead screw (38) has its own driver; the two ends of the lead screw fixing plate (36) are respectively connected to the two seedling clamping mechanism fixing plates (35).

Images