Prefabricated septic tank for transformer substation and control method

Abstract

The application provides a prefabricated septic tank for a transformer substation, and belongs to the technical field of septic tank leakage prevention, and comprises a septic tank, a biogas purification tank connected with the septic tank, a biogas collecting chamber connected with the biogas purification tank, a leakage protection chamber arranged outside the biogas collecting chamber, and a leakage concentration chamber connected with the leakage protection chamber; the biogas generated by the septic tank is collected by the biogas collecting chamber after being purified by the biogas purification chamber; the leakage protection chamber is internally provided with a biogas detection module and an air exchange system; and the air exchange system is connected with the leakage concentration chamber. The prefabricated septic tank for a transformer substation provided by the application can, when the biogas collecting chamber leaks biogas which is detected by the detection module, concentrate the biogas in the leakage protection chamber into the leakage concentration chamber by the air exchange system, so that the maintenance personnel can avoid being poisoned when entering the leakage protection chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of septic tank leakage prevention, and more specifically, it relates to a prefabricated septic tank for substations and a control method thereon. Background Technology

[0002] In locations such as substations, septic tanks are typically required to treat domestic sewage. Traditional septic tank construction methods often suffer from long construction periods and high labor intensity, which not only affects the overall construction progress of the substation but also increases construction costs. To improve the construction efficiency of septic tanks, precast slab construction is usually adopted.

[0003] Septic tanks constructed using precast panels have the following drawbacks: the walls are not integrally cast; there are numerous joints in the precast panel walls, and the structural strength at these joints differs from other areas. Under high pressure, these joints are prone to defects, posing a potential risk of biogas leakage. This not only pollutes the environment, releasing greenhouse gases such as methane and affecting air quality, but also poses safety hazards, such as an explosion caused by biogas accumulating to its explosive limit and encountering an ignition source. This seriously threatens the normal operation of the substation and the lives of its workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated septic tank and control method for substations, aiming to solve the safety hazard of biogas leakage in existing prefabricated septic tanks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, a prefabricated septic tank for a substation is provided, comprising: a septic tank, a biogas purification tank connected to the septic tank, a biogas collection chamber connected to the biogas purification tank, a leakage protection chamber disposed outside the biogas collection chamber, and a leakage concentration chamber connected to the leakage protection chamber; the biogas generated by the septic tank is collected by the biogas collection chamber after being purified by the biogas purification chamber. The leakage protection chamber is equipped with a biogas detection module and a ventilation system; the ventilation system is connected to the leakage concentration chamber; when the biogas detection module detects leaked biogas in the leakage protection chamber, the ventilation system concentrates the gas in the leakage protection chamber into the leakage concentration chamber.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the ventilation system includes a fresh air inlet in the leak protection chamber, a central channel connecting the leak protection chamber and the leak concentration chamber, and a fan device; the fan device is used to drive the gas in the leak protection chamber into the leak concentration chamber through the central channel and to allow outside air to enter the leak protection chamber through the fresh air inlet.

[0007] In one possible implementation, a one-way valve is provided at the fresh air inlet, which only allows air from outside the leakage protection room to enter the interior of the leakage protection room through the fresh air inlet.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the biogas detection module includes: A detection module, installed in the leakage protection chamber, is used to detect whether a biogas leak has occurred in the biogas collection chamber; if the detection module detects a biogas leak in the biogas collection chamber, it outputs a leakage signal; and The control module is communicatively connected to both the detection module and the fan unit; after receiving the leakage signal, the control module controls the fan unit to operate.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the detection module includes a biogas sensor disposed inside the leakage protection chamber. The biogas sensor is communicatively connected to the control module. When the biogas sensor detects the presence of biogas inside the leakage protection chamber, the biogas sensor outputs a leakage signal to the control module.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the detection module further includes warp and weft threads and strain sensors disposed on the outer side of the biogas collection chamber; the warp threads are arranged vertically on the side of the biogas collection chamber; the weft threads are arranged horizontally on the side of the biogas collection chamber; each warp and weft thread corresponds one-to-one with a strain sensor, and the strain sensor is used to detect the deformation of the warp or weft thread; the strain sensor is communicatively connected to the control module; the strain sensor transmits the deformation information of the warp or weft thread to the control module so that the control module can determine the biogas.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the leakage protection chamber is provided with an access door to facilitate maintenance of the biogas collection chamber.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the prefabricated septic tank for substations provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated septic tank for substations of this invention purifies the biogas produced in the septic tank through a biogas purification tank, removing impurities from the biogas, and then collects and concentrates the purified biogas in a biogas collection chamber. If a leak occurs in the biogas collection chamber, the leaked biogas will be collected in a leak protection chamber. The biogas leak chamber prevents the biogas from spreading, thereby ensuring the safety of the substation. When the detection module detects a biogas leak in the biogas collection chamber, the ventilation system concentrates the biogas in the leak protection chamber into the leak concentration chamber, thereby keeping the air in the leak protection chamber fresh and preventing maintenance personnel from being poisoned by entering the leak protection chamber.

[0013] Secondly, a control method for a prefabricated septic tank for a substation is provided, applied to the prefabricated septic tank for a substation as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: Determine if there is a leak in the biogas collection chamber; and If a leak occurs in the biogas collection tank, the ventilation system is activated to concentrate the biogas in the leak protection chamber into the leak concentration chamber.

[0014] In one possible implementation, determining whether a leak has occurred in the biogas collection chamber includes: Determine whether biogas is present in the biogas collection chamber; and Determine if the biogas collection chamber has deformed.

[0015] In one possible implementation, determining whether the biogas collection chamber has deformed includes: Collect deformation information on the side wall of the biogas collection chamber; The deformation information is compared with the deformation threshold. If the deformation information exceeds the deformation threshold, it is determined that the deformation of the biogas collection chamber is too large and a leak has occurred.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the control method for prefabricated septic tanks for substations provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the control method for prefabricated septic tanks for substations of the present invention, when a biogas leak is detected in the biogas collection chamber, concentrates the biogas in the leak protection chamber into the leak concentration chamber, thereby keeping the air in the leak protection chamber fresh and preventing maintenance personnel from being poisoned by entering the leak protection chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated septic tank for a substation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main steps of the control method for a prefabricated septic tank for a substation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the main steps for determining whether a biogas collection chamber is leaking, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the main steps for determining whether a biogas collection chamber has deformed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Septic tank; 2. Biogas purification tank; 3. Biogas collection chamber; 4. Leakage protection chamber; 5. Leakage collection chamber; 6. Fresh air inlet; 7. Centralized passage; 8. Fan unit; 9. One-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The prefabricated septic tank for substations and the control method provided by the present invention will now be described.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 In a first aspect, a prefabricated septic tank 1 for a substation is provided, comprising: a septic tank 1, a biogas purification tank 2 connected to the septic tank 1, a biogas collection chamber 3 connected to the biogas purification tank 2, a leakage protection chamber 4 disposed outside the biogas collection chamber 3, and a leakage concentration chamber 5 connected to the leakage protection chamber 4; the biogas generated by the septic tank 1 is collected by the biogas collection chamber 3 after passing through the biogas purification chamber and being purified. The leakage protection chamber 4 is equipped with a biogas detection module and a ventilation system; the ventilation system is connected to the leakage concentration chamber 5; when the biogas detection module detects leaked biogas in the leakage protection chamber 4, the ventilation system concentrates the gas in the leakage protection chamber 4 into the leakage concentration chamber 5.

[0023] The formation process of biogas in septic tank 1 is mainly as follows: organic matter in septic tank 1 is fermented and decomposed by anaerobic bacteria and other microorganisms under anaerobic conditions to produce biogas. The main components of biogas are methane (CH4), accounting for approximately 50%-70%; carbon dioxide (CO2), accounting for approximately 30%-40%; and small amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrogen (N2), and other gases. Methane is the main combustible component of biogas, generating heat when burned; carbon dioxide mainly serves a diluting function; hydrogen sulfide and other gases have an irritating odor and are somewhat toxic. After biogas is generated, it needs to be collected and purified before it can be used.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the biogas purification tank 2 employs a water washing method to purify biogas. The principle of water washing is to use water to dissolve and wash away impurities in the biogas. Specifically, biogas is passed through a water layer, where impurities are absorbed or dissolved, thereby purifying the biogas. However, water washing has certain drawbacks: its purification effect is limited, it is ineffective at removing some poorly soluble impurities, and it may lead to an increase in the moisture content of the biogas, affecting its subsequent utilization.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the biogas purification tank 2 uses chemical absorption to purify biogas. The principle of chemical absorption is that a specific chemical absorbent reacts chemically with impurities in the biogas, thereby removing the impurities. This method has the advantage of good purification effect and can effectively remove various impurities. However, it also has some disadvantages, namely, the need to use a chemical absorbent, the problems of absorbent regeneration and disposal, high cost, and the potential for secondary pollution.

[0026] In one embodiment, the absorbent is calcium hydroxide, which reacts with carbon dioxide in biogas to produce calcium carbonate precipitate and water. Calcium hydroxide has the following advantages: it is widely available and inexpensive, and it is effective in removing carbon dioxide from biogas. However, it also has disadvantages: its absorption capacity is limited, requiring a large amount of absorbent; it produces a large amount of precipitate during absorption, making subsequent treatment troublesome; and its absorption efficiency gradually decreases over time.

[0027] In another embodiment, the absorbent is sodium hydroxide, which reacts with acidic gases in biogas (such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide (H2S)). It reacts with carbon dioxide to produce sodium carbonate and water, and with hydrogen sulfide to produce sodium sulfide and water. The advantages of sodium hydroxide are: strong absorption capacity for acidic gases, good purification effect, and fast reaction speed. However, it also has disadvantages: it is highly corrosive, causing corrosion to equipment and pipelines, so anti-corrosion measures are required; moreover, sodium hydroxide is relatively expensive, resulting in higher usage costs.

[0028] Another embodiment uses ammonia water as the absorbent, which reacts with carbon dioxide in biogas to produce ammonium carbonate and water. The advantages of ammonia water are: good absorption effect, simultaneous removal of some acidic gases and hydrogen sulfide from biogas, and some sterilization and disinfection properties; it is also relatively inexpensive. Its disadvantages are: ammonia water is volatile and produces an odor; there are certain safety hazards during transportation and storage; and the treatment of the solution produced after absorption is relatively complex.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the biogas purification tank 2 employs a solid absorption method to purify biogas. The principle of solid absorption is to use a solid adsorbent to adsorb impurities in the biogas; common adsorbents include activated carbon and molecular sieves. This purification method has the following advantages: high purification efficiency, selective adsorption of specific impurities, and reusable adsorbents; however, it also has some disadvantages, such as limited adsorption capacity of the adsorbent requiring periodic replacement or regeneration, relatively complex equipment, and high investment costs.

[0030] In one embodiment, the solid adsorbent is activated carbon. Activated carbon has a large specific surface area and abundant microporous structure. Relying on intermolecular van der Waals forces, it can adsorb impurity gases in biogas, such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, through physical adsorption. Its advantages include: strong adsorption performance, with good adsorption effect on a variety of impurity gases, especially significant removal effect on hydrogen sulfide; high mechanical strength, not easily broken; and good regeneration performance, allowing for repeated use after appropriate regeneration treatment. Its disadvantages are: limited adsorption capacity, which gradually decreases with increasing usage time; relatively high price, leading to increased purification costs; and adsorption performance may be affected to some extent in high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0031] In one embodiment, the solid adsorbent is a molecular sieve. A molecular sieve is a solid adsorbent with a uniform microporous structure and precise micropore size, enabling selective adsorption based on molecule size and shape. For impurity gases in biogas, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, molecular sieves can adsorb and separate them through molecular sieving. Its advantages include: high adsorption selectivity, accurately separating molecules of specific sizes; large adsorption capacity, with a high adsorption capacity per unit mass of molecular sieve; good thermal and chemical stability, allowing use under a wide range of temperature and acid / alkali conditions. Its disadvantages include: high regeneration temperature, typically requiring regeneration at 300-500℃, resulting in high energy consumption; high preparation cost and relatively high price; and sensitivity to moisture, with adsorption performance decreasing in humid environments.

[0032] In one embodiment, the solid adsorbent is activated alumina. Activated alumina has a large number of active groups such as hydroxyl groups on its surface, which can adsorb moisture and some acidic gases from biogas through chemical adsorption. It reacts with moisture to form aluminum hydroxide and with acidic gases to form corresponding salts. Its advantages are: strong adsorption capacity for moisture, making it an excellent desiccant; fast adsorption speed, achieving high adsorption efficiency in a short time; good mechanical strength, not easily pulverized; and relatively low price, making it economical. Its disadvantages are: relatively small adsorption capacity for acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide, making it difficult to meet the purification requirements of multiple impurity gases when used alone; and relatively poor regeneration performance, with adsorption performance decreasing after multiple regenerations.

[0033] The prefabricated septic tank 1 for substations provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated septic tank 1 for substations in this invention can purify the biogas produced by the septic tank 1 through the biogas purification tank 2 and then collect it through the biogas collection chamber 3. Furthermore, a biogas detection module and a ventilation system are installed in the leakage protection chamber 4. Once a biogas leak is detected in the leakage protection chamber 4, the ventilation system can concentrate the leaked biogas into the leakage concentration chamber 5. This effectively avoids biogas leaks that pollute the environment and cause safety hazards, ensuring the normal operation of the substation and the safety of personnel. Moreover, the prefabricated septic tank 1 has a reasonable structural connection, enabling effective treatment and protection against biogas. When the detection module detects a biogas leak in the biogas collection chamber 3, the ventilation system concentrates the biogas in the leakage protection chamber 4 into the leakage concentration chamber 5, thereby keeping the air in the leakage protection chamber 4 fresh and preventing maintenance personnel from entering the leakage protection chamber 4 and being poisoned.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the ventilation system includes a fresh air inlet 6 disposed in the leakage protection chamber 4, a central channel 7 connecting the leakage protection chamber 4 and the leakage concentration chamber 5, and a fan device 8; the fan device 8 is used to drive the gas in the leakage protection chamber 4 to enter the leakage concentration chamber through the central channel 7 and to allow outside air to enter the leakage protection chamber 4 through the fresh air inlet 6.

[0035] In one possible implementation, a one-way valve 9 is provided at the fresh air inlet 6, which only allows air from outside the leakage protection chamber 4 to enter the interior of the leakage protection chamber 4 through the fresh air inlet 6.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the biogas detection module includes: A detection module, installed in the leakage protection chamber 4, is used to detect whether a biogas leak has occurred in the biogas collection chamber; if the detection module detects a biogas leak in the biogas collection chamber, it outputs a leakage signal; and The control module is communicatively connected to both the detection module and the fan unit 8; after receiving the leakage signal, the control module controls the fan unit 8 to operate.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the detection module includes a biogas sensor disposed inside the leakage protection chamber 4. The biogas sensor is communicatively connected to the control module. When the biogas sensor detects the presence of biogas inside the leakage protection chamber 4, the biogas sensor outputs a leakage signal to the control module.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the detection module further includes warp and weft threads and a strain sensor disposed on the outer surface of the biogas collection chamber 3; the warp threads are arranged vertically on the side surface of the biogas collection chamber 3; the weft threads are arranged horizontally on the side surface of the biogas collection chamber 3; each warp and weft thread corresponds to a strain sensor, and the strain sensor is used to detect the deformation of the warp or weft thread; the strain sensor is communicatively connected to the control module; the strain sensor transmits the deformation information of the warp or weft thread to the control module so that the control module can determine the biogas.

[0039] The number of strain sensors is the same as the total number of warp and weft threads, and each strain sensor corresponds one-to-one with a warp or weft thread. The strain sensors detecting warp threads are numbered X1, X2, X3… and the strain sensors detecting weft threads are numbered Y1, Y2, Y3… When a strain sensor detects deformation in a warp or weft thread, it sends the deformation information along with its own number to the control module. The control module can then determine which area of ​​the biogas collection chamber has experienced significant deformation based on this deformation information, thus indicating a potential biogas leak in that area.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the leakage protection chamber 4 is provided with an inspection door to facilitate maintenance of the biogas collection chamber 3.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the prefabricated septic tank 1 for substations provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated septic tank 1 for substations of this invention purifies the biogas produced in the septic tank 1 through the biogas purification tank 2, removing impurities from the biogas, and then collects and concentrates the purified biogas in the biogas collection chamber. If a leak occurs in the biogas collection chamber, the leaked biogas will be collected in the leak protection chamber 4. The biogas leak chamber prevents the biogas from spreading, thereby ensuring the safety of the substation. When the detection module detects a biogas leak in the biogas collection chamber 3, the ventilation system concentrates the biogas in the leak protection chamber 4 into the leak concentration chamber 5, thereby keeping the air in the leak protection chamber 4 fresh and preventing maintenance personnel from being poisoned by entering the leak protection chamber 4.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 Secondly, a control method for a prefabricated septic tank 1 for a substation is provided, applied to the prefabricated septic tank 1 for a substation as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine if a leak has occurred in biogas collection chamber 3; and S2. If a leak occurs in the biogas collection tank, the ventilation system is controlled to concentrate the biogas in the leak protection chamber 4 into the leak concentration chamber 5.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 In one possible implementation, determining whether a leak has occurred in the biogas collection chamber 3 includes: S11. Determine whether biogas is present in biogas collection chamber 3; and S12. Determine whether the biogas collection chamber 3 has deformed.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 In one possible implementation, determining whether the biogas collection chamber 3 has deformed includes: S121. Collect deformation information on the side wall of the biogas collection chamber 3; S122. Compare the deformation information with the deformation threshold. If the deformation information exceeds the deformation threshold, it is determined that the deformation of the biogas collection chamber 3 is too large and a leak has occurred.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the control method for the prefabricated septic tank 1 for substations provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the control method for the prefabricated septic tank 1 for substations of the present invention, when a biogas leak is detected in the biogas collection chamber 3, concentrates the biogas in the leak protection chamber 4 into the leak concentration chamber 5, thereby keeping the air in the leak protection chamber 4 fresh and preventing maintenance personnel from being poisoned by entering the leak protection chamber 4.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations, characterized in that, It includes a septic tank (1), a biogas purification tank (2) connected to the septic tank (1), a biogas collection chamber (3) connected to the biogas purification tank (2), a leakage protection chamber (4) located outside the biogas collection chamber (3), and a leakage concentration chamber (5) connected to the leakage protection chamber (4); the biogas generated by the septic tank (1) is collected by the biogas collection chamber (3) after passing through the biogas purification chamber and being purified. The leakage protection chamber (4) is equipped with a biogas detection module and a ventilation system; the ventilation system is connected to the leakage concentration chamber (5); when the biogas detection module detects that there is leaked biogas in the leakage protection chamber (4), the ventilation system concentrates the gas in the leakage protection chamber (4) into the leakage concentration chamber (5); The biogas detection module includes a detection module and a control module; The detection module is installed in the leakage protection chamber (4) to detect whether biogas leakage has occurred in the biogas collection chamber; if the detection module detects that biogas leakage has occurred in the biogas collection chamber, it outputs a leakage signal; the control module is communicatively connected to the detection module and the blower device (8); after receiving the leakage signal, the control module controls the blower device (8) to work; The detection module includes warp and weft threads and strain sensors disposed on the outer side of the biogas collection chamber (3); the warp threads are arranged vertically on the side of the biogas collection chamber (3); the weft threads are arranged horizontally on the side of the biogas collection chamber (3); the warp threads and the weft threads correspond one-to-one with the strain sensors, and each strain sensor has an independent number; the strain sensors are used to detect the deformation of the warp threads or the weft threads; the strain sensors are communicatively connected to the control module; the strain sensors transmit the deformation information of the warp threads or the weft threads to the control module; the deformation information includes the number information of the strain sensors; the control module locates the biogas leakage area through the number information of the strain sensors.

2. The prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes a fresh air inlet (6) installed in the leakage protection chamber (4), a central channel (7) connecting the leakage protection chamber (4) and the leakage concentration chamber (5), and a fan device (8); the fan device (8) is used to drive the gas in the leakage protection chamber (4) to enter the leakage concentration chamber through the central channel (7) and to allow outside air to enter the leakage protection chamber (4) through the fresh air inlet (6).

3. The prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A one-way valve (9) is provided at the fresh air inlet (6), which only allows air outside the leakage protection chamber (4) to enter the interior of the leakage protection chamber (4) through the fresh air inlet (6).

4. The prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module also includes a biogas sensor installed inside the leakage protection chamber (4). The biogas sensor is communicatively connected to the control module. When the biogas sensor detects the presence of biogas inside the leakage protection chamber (4), the biogas sensor outputs a leakage signal to the control module.

5. The prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The leakage protection chamber (4) is provided with an inspection door so that the biogas collection chamber (3) can be repaired.

6. A control method for a prefabricated septic tank (1) for a substation, applied to the prefabricated septic tank (1) for a substation as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Determine whether there is a leak in the biogas collection chamber (3); and If a leak occurs in the biogas collection tank, the ventilation system is controlled to concentrate the biogas in the leak protection chamber (4) into the leak concentration chamber (5).

7. The control method for the prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Determining whether a leak has occurred in the biogas collection chamber (3) includes: Determine whether biogas is present in the biogas collection chamber (3); and Determine whether the biogas collection chamber (3) has deformed.

8. The control method for the prefabricated septic tank (1) for substations as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Determine whether the biogas collection chamber (3) has deformed, including: Collect deformation information on the side wall of the biogas collection chamber (3); The deformation information is compared with the deformation threshold. If the deformation information exceeds the deformation threshold, it is determined that the deformation of the biogas collection chamber (3) is too large and a leak has occurred.

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