Vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxy-combustion integrated furnace

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and limited oxygen combustion, belongs to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, and aims at solving the problems of environment pollution caused by a large amount of dioxin generated by antibiotic bacterial residue incineration, low comprehensive utilization rate of antibiotic bacterial residue, and high treatment cost in the prior art. The integrated furnace comprises a furnace body and a main air blower. The inner cavity of the furnace body is divided into a drying zone, a limited oxygen thermal decomposition zone, a carbonization zone, an oxygen-rich combustion zone, a melting zone and a discharge zone from top to bottom. A bacterial residue feeding port is arranged in the side wall of the drying zone, and a pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged in the limited oxygen thermal decomposition zone. The main air blower is connected with the melting zone, and the main air blower supplies air or oxygen into the oxygen-rich combustion zone through the melting zone. The application can be used for bacterial residue treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hazardous waste treatment technology, and in particular relates to an integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion. Background Technology

[0002] The bacterial residue generated during the production of antibiotic raw materials is classified as hazardous waste. It contains residual antibiotics and usually needs to be transported by special vehicles equipped with GPS and other monitoring equipment to companies with the corresponding hazardous waste disposal qualifications for incineration.

[0003] Currently, incinerators are commonly used to incinerate antibiotic bacterial residues. However, the incineration process generates a large amount of dioxins, causing secondary environmental pollution. Furthermore, the transportation and incineration costs are high, resulting in high treatment costs and low comprehensive utilization rates for antibiotic bacterial residues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide an integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace to solve the problems of environmental pollution caused by the incineration of antibiotic bacterial residue, low comprehensive utilization rate of antibiotic bacterial residue, and high treatment cost in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] This invention provides an integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace, including a furnace body and a main blower. The inner cavity of the furnace body is divided from top to bottom into a drying zone, an oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone, a carbonization zone, an oxygen-enriched combustion zone, a melting zone, and a discharge zone. The side wall of the drying zone has a slag inlet, and the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone has a pyrolysis gas outlet. The main blower is connected to the melting zone and supplies air or oxygen to the oxygen-enriched combustion zone through the melting zone.

[0007] Furthermore, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone is connected to the induced draft fan.

[0008] Furthermore, an air inlet for the pyrolysis zone is opened in the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone, and the air inlet for the pyrolysis zone is connected to the auxiliary fan.

[0009] Furthermore, a first grate is provided between the oxygen thermal decomposition zone and the carbonization zone.

[0010] Furthermore, a second grate is provided between the melting zone and the discharge zone.

[0011] Furthermore, the integrated furnace also includes a material distribution plate located below the first grate, with material distribution holes provided on the material distribution plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the fabric plate is conical in shape.

[0013] Furthermore, the integrated furnace also includes a feed hopper and a screw feeder, with the feed hopper connected to the mushroom residue feed port via the screw feeder.

[0014] Furthermore, the integrated furnace also includes multiple combustion chambers connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the integrated furnace also includes a heat exchanger located on the connecting pipeline between the main blower and the melting zone. The air outlet of the main blower is connected to the melting zone through the cold air pipeline of the heat exchange pipeline, and the air outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the hot air inlet of the heat exchanger.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0017] A) The vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion integrated furnace provided by this invention adopts multi-temperature stratified combustion and a combination of oxygen-limited and oxygen-enriched methods, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of antibiotic residue, reduce treatment costs, and basically not produce dioxins during the treatment process, thus effectively preventing secondary pollution and protecting the environment.

[0018] B) The vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion integrated furnace provided by the present invention enables the organic matter to be thermally decomposed to produce combustible pyrolysis gas through oxygen-limited combustion. The pyrolysis gas can be utilized in subsequent processes to fully utilize the energy in the bacterial residue. At the same time, only a small amount of dioxins are produced during the oxygen-limited pyrolysis process.

[0019] C) The vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion integrated furnace provided by the present invention can further utilize the bacterial residue through subsequent carbonization and oxygen-enriched combustion. The heat generated can provide heat for the carbonization zone, the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone and the drying zone. At the same time, no dioxins are generated during the oxygen-enriched combustion process.

[0020] D) The vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion integrated furnace provided by the present invention allows pyrolysis gas to pass through multiple combustion chambers in sequence, and air is supplied to multiple combustion chambers at the same time to achieve high-temperature staged combustion of pyrolysis gas, which can achieve complete combustion and purification of pyrolysis gas; the high-temperature gas discharged from the combustion chamber is preheated with the air supplied to the melting zone by the main blower to avoid the melting zone from becoming too cold and the flame in the oxygen-enriched combustion zone from going out.

[0021] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the embodiments described and the accompanying drawings, which are particularly pointed out. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple combustion chambers in the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion pressing and dehydration unit in the furnace provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 101-Vertical reciprocating actuator; 102-Filter chamber; 1021-Inner chamber; 1022-Outer chamber; 1023-Heating element; 103-Extrusion roller; 104-Filter coating layer;

[0029] 201-Drying Zone; 202-Oxygen-Limited Thermodecomposition Zone; 203-Carbonization Zone; 204-Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Zone; 205-Melting Zone; 206-Discharge Zone; 207-Main Fan; 208-Induced Draft Fan; 209-Auxiliary Fan; 2010-First Grate; 2011-Second Grate; 2012-Bearing Plate; 2013-Baffle; 2014-Feed Hopper; 2015-Screw Feeder; 2016-First Combustion Chamber; 2017-Second Combustion Chamber; 2018-Third Combustion Chamber; 2019-Fourth Combustion Chamber; 2020-Drying Rotary Roller Furnace; 2021-Granulation Unit; 2022-Blower. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides an integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1The furnace includes a furnace body and a main blower 207. The inner cavity of the furnace body is divided from top to bottom into a drying zone 201, an oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, a carbonization zone 203, an oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204, a melting zone 205, and a discharge zone 206. The side wall of the drying zone 201 has a slag inlet, and the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202 has a pyrolysis gas outlet. The main blower 207 is connected to the melting zone 205, and the main blower 207 supplies air or oxygen to the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204 through the melting zone 205.

[0033] During implementation, mushroom residue particles with a moisture content of 15%–20% (containing antibiotics, aluminosilicates, and corn residue) are fed into drying zone 201 through the mushroom residue inlet. The temperature of drying zone 201 is 180–250°C. In drying zone 201, hot air dries the mushroom residue particles. Under the influence of gravity, the mushroom residue particles fall sequentially through oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, carbonization zone 203, oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204, melting zone 205, and discharge zone 206. Specifically, the temperature of oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202 is 450–550°C. In oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, the mushroom residue particles undergo pyrolysis, producing virtually no dioxins. The pyrolysis process generates pyrolysis gases (including CO, H2, and NO). X and SO X The pyrolysis gas is discharged from the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202 through the pyrolysis gas outlet. The pyrolysis residue particles fall into the carbonization zone 203. The temperature of the carbonization zone 203 is 850-950℃. In the carbonization zone 203, the pyrolysis residue particles undergo carbonization, further achieving deep pyrolysis and baking, presenting a coking state, and obtaining carbonized particles. The carbonized particles fall into the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204. The temperature of the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204 is 1250-1350℃. In the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204... The carbonized particles are in a smoldering state, releasing heat during combustion. The heat generated is transferred upwards to provide heat for the carbonization zone 203, the oxygen-limited thermal decomposition zone 202, and the drying zone 201. The burned particles fall into the melting zone 205. The temperature of the melting zone 205 is 1450-1550℃. In the melting zone 205, the aluminosilicates and other substances in the burned particles melt to form a hard and dense glass shell. The glass shell can encapsulate heavy metals, achieving the solidification and non-toxic and harmless treatment of heavy metals.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace provided in this embodiment adopts multi-temperature stratified combustion and a combination of oxygen-limited and oxygen-enriched methods, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of antibiotic residue, reduce processing costs, and basically not produce dioxins during the processing, effectively preventing secondary pollution and protecting the environment.

[0035] Specifically, on the one hand, oxygen-limited combustion enables the thermal decomposition of organic matter to produce combustible pyrolysis gas, which can be utilized subsequently, thus fully utilizing the energy in the mushroom residue. At the same time, only a small amount of dioxins are produced during the oxygen-limited pyrolysis process. On the other hand, the mushroom residue can be further utilized through subsequent carbonization and oxygen-enriched combustion. The heat generated can provide heat for the carbonization zone 203, the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, and the drying zone 201. Meanwhile, no dioxins are produced during the oxygen-enriched combustion process.

[0036] It should be noted that dioxins are a class of highly toxic tricyclic aromatic organic compounds. The most toxic is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, which is 1,000 times more toxic than potassium cyanide (KCN). Therefore, it is known as "the most toxic substance on Earth". Because it is difficult to degrade and eliminate naturally once it seeps into the environment, it is also known as "the poison of the century".

[0037] Organic hazardous wastes such as biomass, antibiotic pharmaceutical residues, and municipal solid waste typically contain large amounts of chlorine, which easily generates dioxin-containing pollutants in traditional incinerators. The main temperature range for dioxin formation during incineration is 250–500℃, with 300–450℃ being the peak temperature range. When the incineration temperature reaches above 800℃, dioxins and their precursors can be completely decomposed, reducing dioxin production. The internationally recognized incineration control standard is a residence time of ≥2 seconds at 850℃. However, the burnout temperature of organic hazardous waste is usually below 500℃, making it difficult to maintain a high temperature of 850℃ in the incinerator. This is the dilemma that current incineration technologies struggle to avoid dioxin formation.

[0038] The process of dioxin generation during the incineration of organic hazardous waste is controlled by temperature and oxygen content. This embodiment avoids dioxin generation by increasing temperature and limiting oxygen conditions, changing the thermal treatment of organic hazardous waste to oxygen-limited pyrolysis, forming a reducing process that inhibits the formation of dioxins through chemical chains. The carbon content of the pyrolyzed hazardous waste increases dramatically, significantly improving energy density, allowing for further oxygen-controlled combustion to achieve a combustion temperature of 1300℃, again preventing dioxin formation. The heat energy generated by combustion is used to power the oxygen-limited pyrolysis, achieving cascaded energy utilization.

[0039] To facilitate the discharge of pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202 is connected to the induced draft fan 208. The induced draft fan 208 extracts the pyrolysis gas generated in the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202 out of the integrated furnace, thus achieving smooth discharge of the pyrolysis gas.

[0040] It is worth noting that the induced draft fan 208 will cause airflow in the furnace body to be drawn. In order to avoid drawing the flame in the combustion zone to the carbonization zone 203 and the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, which would cause the bacterial residue particles to burn prematurely and produce pollutants such as dioxins, the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202 is provided with a pyrolysis zone air inlet. The pyrolysis zone air inlet is connected to the auxiliary fan 209 to supply appropriate airflow (e.g., air) to the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, thereby avoiding excessive negative pressure in the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202.

[0041] In order to control the falling speed of the bacterial residue particles and ensure sufficient reaction, a first grate 2010 is provided between the oxygen thermal decomposition zone and the carbonization zone 203, and a second grate 2011 is provided between the melting zone 205 and the discharge zone 206. The arrangement of the first grate 2010 and the second grate 2011 can better control the falling speed of the bacterial residue particles, so as to better carry out oxygen-limited thermal decomposition and melting.

[0042] In order to achieve uniform material distribution, the above-mentioned integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace also includes a material distribution plate 2012 located below the first grate 2010. The material distribution plate 2012 has material distribution holes and is conical in shape. After the pyrolysis of the microbial residue particles, they fall onto the material distribution plate 2012 after passing through the grate and are evenly distributed along the conical material distribution plate 2012 into the carbonization zone 203 and the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204.

[0043] Considering that the drying zone 201, the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202, the carbonization zone 203, the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204, the melting zone 205, and the discharge zone 206 are located in the same furnace body and are interconnected, in order to achieve oxygen-limited pyrolysis and oxygen-enriched combustion, the above-mentioned vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion integrated furnace also includes a baffle 2013 located between the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204 and the discharge zone 206. By setting the baffle 2013, the air supplied to the melting zone 205 can be blocked, so as to achieve oxygen-limited pyrolysis and oxygen-enriched combustion.

[0044] In order to further control oxygen-limited pyrolysis and oxygen-enriched combustion, the projections of the baffle 2013 and the charging plate 2012 on the radial side of the furnace body completely cover the radial section of the furnace body. In this way, the baffle 2013 and the charging plate 2012 cooperate with each other to ensure that the air supplied from the melting zone 205 can flow smoothly into the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204, and also to prevent air from flowing directly into the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone 202.

[0045] In order to achieve continuous feeding of the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace, it also includes a feed hopper 2014 and a screw feeder 2015. The feed hopper 2014 is connected to the mushroom residue feed port through the screw feeder 2015. The feed hopper 2014 and the screw feeder 2015 work together to achieve continuous feeding of the integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides an integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion, the structure of which is basically the same as that of the integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion provided in Embodiment 1, the difference being:

[0048] See Figure 2 The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace of this embodiment also includes multiple combustion chambers connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet. For example, the number of combustion chambers is four, namely the first combustion chamber 2016, the second combustion chamber 2017, the third combustion chamber 2018 and the fourth combustion chamber 2019.

[0049] In this way, the pyrolysis gas can pass through multiple combustion chambers in sequence, and air can be supplied into multiple combustion chambers at the same time, so as to achieve high-temperature staged combustion of the pyrolysis gas, and thus achieve complete combustion and purification of the pyrolysis gas.

[0050] Considering that supplying relatively cold air to the melting zone 205 might cause it to become too cold, and could even extinguish the flame in the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204, the aforementioned integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace also includes a heat exchanger on the connecting pipe between the main blower 207 and the melting zone 205. The outlet of the main blower 207 is connected to the melting zone 205 through the cold air pipe of the heat exchanger, and the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the hot air pipe of the heat exchanger. In this way, by using the heat exchanger, the high-temperature gas discharged from the combustion chamber preheats the air supplied to the melting zone 205 by the main blower 207, thereby preventing the melting zone 205 from becoming too cold and the flame in the oxygen-enriched combustion zone 204 from extinguishing.

[0051] In order to further preheat the air supplied to the melting zone 205, the above-mentioned vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion integrated furnace also includes a blower 2022. The outlet of the blower 2022 is connected to the inlet of the discharge zone 206, and the outlet of the discharge zone 206 is connected to the inlet of the main blower 207. The air is preheated by the temperature of the material in the discharge zone 206, and then further preheated by the air supplied to the melting zone 205 through the main blower 207.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment provides an integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion. Its structure is basically the same as the integrated furnace for vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, with the difference being:

[0054] See Figure 3 The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace of this embodiment also includes a pressing and dehydration unit, a drying drum furnace 2020 and a granulation unit 2021 connected in sequence. The discharge port of the granulation unit 2021 is connected to the feed port of the mushroom residue. The mushroom residue slurry is dehydrated by the pressing and dehydration unit to obtain dehydrated mushroom residue. The dehydrated mushroom residue is dried by the drying drum furnace 2020. The dried mushroom residue is used to support the mushroom residue particles by the granulation unit 2021.

[0055] For example, for a pressing and dehydration unit, see Figure 4 It includes a vertical reciprocating drive 101, a filter chamber 102, a squeezing roller 103 and a filter wrapping layer 104. The filter wrapping layer 104 wraps the bacterial residue slurry to form a bacterial residue slurry bag, which is placed in the filter chamber 102. The squeezing roller 103 is placed above the filter chamber 102, and the vertical reciprocating drive 101 is located below the filter chamber 102.

[0056] During implementation, the vertical reciprocating drive 101 drives the filter chamber 102 to reciprocate relative to the extrusion roller 103, causing the extrusion roller 103 to compress, bind, and dewater the mushroom residue slurry within the mushroom residue slurry bag. In this way, the high-pressure mechanical force of the extrusion roller 103 directly acts on the material particles, diffusing the mechanical pressure into the particles of the mushroom residue slurry, effectively extruding and dewatering the interior of the particles, improving the dewatering rate of the mushroom residue, and ensuring the dewatering effect.

[0057] To further promote the dewatering of the mushroom residue slurry, the filter chamber 102, exemplarily, includes an inner chamber 1021, an outer chamber 1022, and a heating coil 1023. The outer chamber 1022 is located outside the inner chamber 1021, with a gap between them. The heating coil 1023 is located within this gap, and a heating fluid such as steam or heat transfer oil is introduced into it. Heat is then transferred to the mushroom residue slurry via the inner chamber 1021. This heating of the mushroom residue slurry by the heating coil 1023 increases its temperature, reducing its viscosity and thus facilitating dewatering.

[0058] To facilitate the removal of moisture from the mushroom residue slurry bag, multiple heating coils 1023 are used, arranged vertically in sequence from bottom to top. The temperature of the heating coils 1023 gradually increases; for example, the temperature of the uppermost heating coil 1023 is above 100°C, and the temperature of the lowermost heating coil 1023 is 50-70°C. Because the uppermost heating coil 1023 has a higher heating temperature, it can cause the moisture in the upper part of the mushroom residue slurry bag to turn into steam, increasing the air pressure in the upper space of the mushroom residue slurry bag. This air pressure further promotes the removal of moisture from the mushroom residue slurry bag.

[0059] In order to effectively heat the upper surface of the mushroom residue slurry bag and generate steam, the structure of the extrusion roller 103 specifically includes a roller body and a heating element disposed in the roller body. It should be noted that the temperature of the heating element is controlled above 100°C (e.g., 100-120°C).

[0060] Specifically, the radial cross-sectional shape of the aforementioned extrusion roller 103 is cam-shaped. During the compression and dewatering process, the initial position of the extrusion roller 103 is with its outer wall surface, which has the smallest radius, facing the mushroom residue slurry bag. Thus, the vertical reciprocating drive 101 is activated, driving the mushroom residue slurry bag to move closer to the extrusion roller 103 and come into contact with it. The extrusion roller 103 continues to move closer to the extrusion roller 103, performing a first compression and dewatering of the mushroom residue slurry within the bag. When the mushroom residue slurry bag reaches the preset position, the vertical reciprocating drive 101 is deactivated, the mushroom residue slurry bag stops moving, and the extrusion roller 103 is activated. The rotation of the extrusion roller 103 increases the outer diameter of the extrusion roller 103 corresponding to the mushroom residue slurry bag, continuing to depressurize the mushroom residue for a second compression and dewatering process. It should be noted that during the rotation of the extrusion roller 103, the outer diameter of the extrusion roller 103 corresponding to the mushroom residue slurry bag is constantly changing. Correspondingly, the mechanical pressure on the mushroom residue slurry inside the mushroom residue slurry bag is also constantly changing. When the mechanical pressure decreases, gaps are created between the mushroom residue particles in the mushroom residue slurry bag, causing the position of the mushroom residue particles to change. When the mechanical pressure increases, the mushroom residue slurry inside the mushroom residue slurry bag will be further compressed and dehydrated, thereby effectively improving the uniformity and dehydration rate of dehydration. In addition, during the rotation of the extrusion roller 103, when the mechanical pressure decreases, the space above the mushroom residue slurry bag increases, and the increased space can accommodate more steam. When the mechanical pressure increases, it will force the steam to flow downwards, using air pressure to further promote the discharge of water from the mushroom residue slurry bag.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace, characterized in that, Including the furnace body and the main blower; The inner cavity of the furnace body is divided into a drying zone, an oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone, a carbonization zone, an oxygen-enriched combustion zone, a melting zone, and a discharge zone from top to bottom. The side wall of the drying zone has a slag inlet, the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone has a pyrolysis gas outlet, the main blower is connected to the melting zone, and the main blower supplies air or oxygen to the oxygen-enriched combustion zone through the melting zone. A first grate is provided between the oxygen thermal decomposition zone and the carbonization zone. The integrated furnace also includes a material distribution plate located below the first grate and a baffle plate located between the oxygen-rich combustion zone and the discharge zone. The projections of the baffle plate and the material distribution plate in the radial direction of the furnace body completely cover the radial section of the furnace body. The integrated furnace also includes a pressing and dehydration unit, a drying drum furnace and a granulation unit connected in sequence, with the discharge port of the granulation unit connected to the inlet of the mushroom residue. The pressing and dewatering unit includes a vertical reciprocating drive, a filter chamber, an extrusion roller, and a filter wrapping layer. The filter wrapping layer wraps the bacterial residue slurry to form a bacterial residue slurry bag. The bacterial residue slurry bag is placed in the filter chamber. The extrusion roller is placed above the filter chamber. The vertical reciprocating drive drives the filter chamber to reciprocate relative to the extrusion roller. The extrusion roller includes a roller body and a heating element disposed within the roller body. The temperature of the heating element is controlled above 100°C. The radial cross-sectional shape of the extrusion roller is cam-shaped. The initial position of the extrusion roller is with the outer wall surface with the smallest radius facing the mushroom residue slurry bag. During the rotation of the extrusion roller, the outer diameter of the extrusion roller corresponding to the mushroom residue slurry bag is constantly changing. When the mechanical pressure decreases, the space above the mushroom residue slurry bag increases, and the increased space can hold more steam. When the mechanical pressure increases, it forces the steam to flow downward, using air pressure to promote the discharge of water from the mushroom residue slurry bag. The filtration chamber includes an inner chamber, an outer chamber, and a heating coil. The outer chamber is located outside the inner chamber, and there is a gap between the inner and outer chambers. The heating coil is located in the gap, and a heating fluid is introduced into the heating coil to transfer heat to the bacterial residue slurry bag through the inner chamber. The heating coils are multiple and arranged vertically in sequence from bottom to top. The temperature of the heating coils gradually increases, with the temperature of the topmost heating coil being above 100°C and the temperature of the bottommost heating coil being 50~70°C.

2. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis gas outlet of the oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone is connected to an induced draft fan.

3. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oxygen-limited pyrolysis zone has an air inlet, which is connected to the auxiliary fan.

4. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second grate is provided between the melting zone and the discharge zone.

5. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fabric holes are provided on the fabric plate.

6. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fabric plate is conical in shape.

7. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated furnace also includes a feeding hopper and a screw feeder, wherein the feeding hopper is connected to the mushroom residue inlet via the screw feeder.

8. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The integrated furnace also includes multiple combustion chambers connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet.

9. The integrated vertical pyrolysis carbonization and oxygen-limited combustion furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, The integrated furnace also includes a heat exchanger installed on the connecting pipeline between the main blower and the melting zone. The air outlet of the main blower is connected to the melting zone through the cold air pipeline of the heat exchange pipeline, and the air outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the hot air inlet of the heat exchanger.

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