A grid sand barrier system with a dome structure

Abstract

The application discloses a grid room movable sand barrier sand prevention system with a dome structure. The grid room movable sand barrier sand prevention system with the dome structure comprises a polygonal movable sand barrier sand blocking belt, a triangular movable sand barrier sand fixing belt and a square grid movable sand barrier sand fixing belt which are sequentially arranged along a main wind direction. The polygonal movable sand barrier sand blocking belt, the triangular movable sand barrier sand fixing belt and the square grid movable sand barrier sand fixing belt are all arranged in a strip shape and parallel to each other, and each strip extends along a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction. The grid room movable sand barrier sand prevention system with the dome structure integrates the structure and function of a plant sand barrier and a mechanical sand barrier, can expand the original sand barrier pattern to the surrounding through layering propagation, realizes long-term wind blocking and sand fixing, and fills the near-surface blank area between the plant shrubs through the offshoots generated by the layering propagation. The movable sand barrier sand prevention system with the dome structure has strong wind blocking and sand storing functions and has a good sustainable biological control effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological environment governance technology, and specifically relates to a grid-cell active sand barrier sand prevention system with a dome structure. Background Technology

[0002] Living sand barriers are built on shifting sands. By utilizing the density and height of the branches and leaves of suitable and excellent sand-loving shrubs, living plants are set up in strips or grids to form a fence-like sand barrier. Layer upon layer of protection reduces wind force, deposits drifting sand, and mitigates wind and sand damage to the protected area. At the same time, it protects the fragile water balance of the sand between the barriers. It has the characteristics of low water consumption, low coverage, and low cost of biological control.

[0003] Currently, suitable plant species for use as living sand barriers include sand willow, caragana, sand wormwood, purple locust, sand jujube, sea buckthorn, pandanus, tamarisk, Mongolian wormwood, Buddleja officinalis, highland barley, oats, wheat, and Jerusalem artichoke tubers. These plant materials are readily available. In sandy areas, the principle of "suitable trees for suitable sites" is generally adopted, and row-shaped or grid-shaped living sand barriers are constructed through planting, cutting, or sowing, resulting in a high survival rate. However, when using this living sand barrier technology to control sand damage, the plant's stress limit and low soil moisture content are important limiting factors. This means that no matter how well-selected suitable and highly stress-resistant plants are combined with efficient water-saving measures, the live sand barrier technology cannot achieve the control effect of full-coverage afforestation.

[0004] Living sand barriers, constructed by densely inserting branches in strips or grids, enhance the land's resistance to erosion through natural plant propagation, and are of great significance for regional ecological restoration projects that primarily rely on biological control. However, some problems still exist in the practical application of living sand barriers in sand control engineering. Firstly, the dense insertion of numerous branches such as *Salix matsudana* in strips or grids, such as… Figure 1a As shown, the spacing between cuttings is generally 1-2 cm, which consumes a lot of branches and water. Above-ground branches compete for space and sunlight, while underground roots compete for water and nutrients, resulting in a low survival rate. Even if the survival rate is high due to sufficient water in the early stages, the survival rate will be low in the later stages due to interspecific competition and high water consumption, and its sand-prevention and ecological effects will be significantly reduced.

[0005] Secondly, the living sand barriers formed by row-like or net-like shrubbery such as *Salix matsudana* create gaps near the ground between adjacent shrubs due to the natural inverted conical canopy structure of the shrubs. Figure 1b As shown, this allows near-surface sandstorms to penetrate deeply, thus weakening the effectiveness of sand control, especially significantly reducing the sand-fixing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system with a dome structure, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes: The present invention provides a grid-type active sand barrier sand control system with a dome structure, which includes a polygonal active sand barrier sand blocking belt, a triangular active sand barrier sand fixing belt and a grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixing belt arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The polygonal active sand barrier sand blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixing belt are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The polygonal active sand barrier includes multiple polygonal active sand barriers, each polygonal active sand barrier including multiple first mother plants and multiple first branches. The first mother plants are arranged in a polygonal pattern on the ground. Each first mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the polygon, and at least one first branch is set on each side of the polygon. At least one first branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding first mother plant. One vertex of each polygon is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the multiple first mother plants or multiple first branches in each polygonal active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second branches. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the three second mother plants or multiple second branches in each triangular active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third branches. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant is located at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third branch is located on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the four third mother plants or multiple third branches in each grid-shaped active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include: 1) The sand control system of this invention consists of living sand barriers propagated by layering. The bottom surface has a polygonal structure such as a triangle or square, and the top has a multi-layered dome in the shape of an arc. The side barriers are composed of branched shrubs propagated by the mother plant. The dome structure is formed by interconnecting the shrubs at different heights, creating a multi-layered, three-dimensional sand storage cell structure. The branches that make up the cells have a high density, resulting in good sand fixation. Moreover, it can integrate the structure and function of mechanical and plant sand barriers. The original sand barrier pattern can be expanded in all directions through layering propagation to achieve long-term wind resistance and sand fixation. The larger the scale and the more complex the layers of the dome and side barriers, the better the protective effect.

[0009] 2) The polygonal active sand barrier of the present invention intercepts upwind flowing sand, wherein the small amount of flowing sand that is missed is fixed by the triangular and square active sand barrier sand fixation belts in the downwind direction layer by layer. The three work together in coordination. The sand barrier belt suppresses the wind force through the multi-layer blocking of the dome and the side barrier, and the sand fixation belt reduces the wind force through the turbulence friction of the dome and the side barrier. The entire system can block and fix most of the wind and sand flow.

[0010] 3) In the sand control system of the present invention, the mother plants are sparsely planted with a spacing of 2-5m, which consumes less water than the traditional dense planting of cuttings with a spacing of 1-50cm. Moreover, the mother plants and the divisions are connected as one unit through layering, and there is a complementary function of water and nutrients between them, which further reduces the overall water consumption. The layering has water supply from the mother plant, and the offspring shrub propagation has a high survival rate, strong resistance and environmental adaptability, and can be applied to most sandy habitats suitable for planting sand plants such as sand willow.

[0011] 4) In the triangular and square sand-fixing belts of the present invention, each triangle or square is arranged in a triangular pattern with intervals between them, and one of the vertices is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. This allows the airflow to first collide with the parent tree and then be diverted diagonally backward when it enters the sand-fixing belt. Then, it rubs and flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the branch trees. After colliding with the parent tree downwind, it is diverted again. This process is repeated. After the airflow is diverted multiple times, its energy will be greatly weakened, and the sand-settling effect in the sand-fixing belt is strong.

[0012] 5) The division of the plant fills the near-surface blank area between the mother plant shrubs, making up for the sand leakage defect caused by the natural inverted conical shape of the sand shrub, and can block and fix the wind and sand flow in all directions.

[0013] 6) The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system of the present invention has low afforestation costs. While effectively blocking shifting sand, it greatly reduces the amount of plants and cuttings used per unit area, reduces water loss in sandy areas, makes up for the defects of large-scale afforestation and management, and has good sustainable biological management effect. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1a It is a strip or grid-like live sand barrier diagram in the existing technology; Figure 1b It is a diagram of the natural inverted conical canopy of shrubs in existing strip or grid-like living sand barriers; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system with a dome structure provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a triangular active sand barrier structure with a dome structure provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a grid-shaped active sand barrier structure with a dome structure provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the branching structure between two adjacent mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Plant; 10-First strip; 11-First mother plant; 12-First division; 121-First generation layering; 122-First generation shrub; 123-Second generation layering; 124-Second generation shrub; 125-Next generation layering sprouting from the first generation layering; 2-Planting point; 21-Planting point of mother plant; 22-Planting location of layering; 23-Planting location of first generation layering; 24-Planting location of second generation layering; 3-Dome; 4-Polygonal sand barrier; 5-Triangular sand barrier; 6-Square sand barrier; 7-Protected object; 8-Main wind direction; 81-Airflow that has been split multiple times; 9-Sand surface; 13-Second strip; 14-Third strip. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors of this invention, through long-term research and extensive practice, have proposed the technical solution of this invention. The following will further explain and illustrate the technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] The present invention provides a grid-type active sand barrier sand control system with a dome structure, which includes a polygonal active sand barrier sand blocking belt, a triangular active sand barrier sand fixing belt and a grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixing belt arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The polygonal active sand barrier sand blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixing belt are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The polygonal active sand barrier includes multiple polygonal active sand barriers, each polygonal active sand barrier including multiple first mother plants and multiple first branches. The first mother plants are arranged in a polygonal pattern on the ground. Each first mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the polygon, and at least one first branch is set on each side of the polygon. At least one first branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding first mother plant. One vertex of each polygon is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the multiple first mother plants or multiple first branches in each polygonal active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second branches. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the three second mother plants or multiple second branches in each triangular active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third branches. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant is located at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third branch is located on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the four third mother plants or multiple third branches in each grid-shaped active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape.

[0018] In some implementations, the first parent plant is a sand-loving shrub that grows to a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m after 2-3 years.

[0019] Furthermore, the first mother plant includes at least one of the following: seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*, *Caragana korshinskii*, etc.

[0020] In some implementation schemes, each of the first mother plants is planted at a first planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent first planting points.

[0021] In some implementations, branches from multiple first mother trees or multiple first tributaries in each adjacent polygonal sand barrier are interconnected to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction.

[0022] Specifically, the branches of the multiple first mother plants or multiple first branches, distributed in opposite directions, are bound together with ties or ropes to form a multi-layered, arc-shaped dome structure with different heights. Because the branches of the first mother plants and the first branches are of different lengths, the dome formed by binding these branches together is a multi-layered structure, meaning that a dome can be formed at different height levels.

[0023] In some implementations, the polygonal sand barrier also includes multiple first branches, with at least one first branch distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and at least one first branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of a corresponding first mother plant.

[0024] In some implementations, the multiple polygonal sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, and the polygonal sand barriers in each group are distributed on a first strip and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first strip. The extension direction of the first strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The multiple first strips are arranged parallel to each other and are connected to each other to form a grid structure. In some implementations, the polygonal sand barrier includes 3-10 first strips, each strip having a width of 1.7-4.3m.

[0025] In some implementations, the polygon includes triangles or squares.

[0026] In some embodiments, at least one of the first divisions comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the first divisions comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the first mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, and the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from the (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2.

[0027] In some embodiments, each side of the polygonal live sand barrier is formed by shrubs and branches of a first mother plant, the shrubs being composed of a first lateral plant.

[0028] In some implementations, each first mother plant in the polygonal sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0029] In some implementations, multiple layering planting positions are spaced apart on the line connecting any two first mother plants in each polygonal sand barrier, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between adjacent layering planting positions.

[0030] Furthermore, the first division includes first-generation layering, first-generation shrubs, second-generation layering, second-generation shrubs, third-generation layering, third-generation shrubs, and branches sprouting from the first-generation layering. The layering propagation involves simultaneously layering branches from each of the first mother plants at multiple layering planting locations to obtain the first division. Alternatively, the layering propagation involves layering branches of the first division generation by generation. In engineering practice, both methods can be used to accelerate the formation of multiple divisions and shrub clusters.

[0031] In some implementations, the spacing between the first mother plants within the same polygonal sand barrier is 2-5m.

[0032] In some implementations, the second mother plant includes at least one of the following: seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*, *Caragana korshinskii*, etc. After 2-3 years of growth, the second mother plant reaches a height of 2-3 meters and a crown width of 2-4 meters.

[0033] In some implementations, each second mother plant is planted at a second planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent second planting points.

[0034] In some implementations, multiple triangular sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction.

[0035] In some implementations, multiple of the triangular sand barriers constitute a tall, vertical grid structure with a triangular base.

[0036] In some implementations, branches from multiple second mother plants or multiple second tributaries in each adjacent triangular sand barrier are interconnected to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction.

[0037] In some implementations, the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt also includes multiple second branches, with at least one second branch distributed between any two adjacent second mother plants in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and at least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant.

[0038] In some embodiments, at least one second division comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one second division comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the second mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, wherein the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2.

[0039] In some embodiments, each side of the triangular living sand barrier is formed by branches of a shrub and a second mother plant, the shrub being composed of a second lateral plant.

[0040] In some implementations, each second mother plant in the triangular sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0041] In some implementations, multiple layering planting positions are spaced apart on the line connecting any two second mother plants in each of the triangular sand barriers, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between adjacent layering planting positions.

[0042] Furthermore, the second division includes first-generation layering, first-generation shrubs, second-generation layering, second-generation shrubs, third-generation layering, third-generation shrubs, and branches sprouting from the first-generation layering. The layering propagation involves simultaneously layering branches from each of the second mother plants at multiple layering planting locations to obtain the second division. Alternatively, the layering propagation involves layering branches of the second division generation by generation. In engineering practice, both methods can be used to accelerate the formation of multiple divisions and shrub clusters.

[0043] In some implementation schemes, the minimum spacing between adjacent triangular sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0044] In some implementations, the spacing between the second mother plants within the same triangular sand barrier is 2-5m.

[0045] In some implementations, the multiple triangular sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, with the triangular sand barriers in each group distributed on a second strip and spaced apart sequentially along the extension direction of the second strip, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the multiple second strips are arranged parallel to each other.

[0046] In some implementations, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 second strips, each second strip having a width of 1.7-4.3m, the second strips being spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent second strips.

[0047] In some implementations, the third mother plant includes at least one of the following: *Salix matsudana*, *Caragana korshinskii*, etc., either as seedlings or cuttings. The third mother plant is 2-3m tall and has a crown width of 2-4m.

[0048] In some implementations, each of the third mother plants is planted at a third planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent third planting points.

[0049] In some implementations, branches from multiple third mother plants or multiple third branches in each adjacent square-shaped sand barrier are interconnected to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction.

[0050] In some implementations, multiple of the aforementioned grid-shaped active sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction.

[0051] In some implementations, the grid-shaped sand barrier sand-fixing belt also includes multiple third branches, with at least one third branch distributed between any two adjacent third mother plants in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and at least one of the third branches is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant.

[0052] In some embodiments, at least one of the third divisions includes a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the third divisions includes a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, the descendant layered plant including a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, the first-generation layered plant being a branch of the third mother plant, the second-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, the nth-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2.

[0053] In some implementations, each side of the grid-shaped living sand barrier is formed by shrubs and branches of a third mother plant, the shrubs being composed of a third lateral plant.

[0054] In some implementations, each third mother plant in the grid-shaped active sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0055] In some implementations, multiple layering planting positions are spaced apart on the line connecting any two third mother plants in each of the grid-shaped live sand barriers, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between adjacent layering planting positions.

[0056] In some implementation schemes, the minimum spacing between adjacent square sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0057] In some implementations, the spacing between third mother plants within the same grid-shaped sand barrier is 2-5m.

[0058] In some implementations, the multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers are divided into groups, with each group's grid-shaped active sand barriers distributed on a third strip, and spaced apart sequentially along the extension direction of the third strip, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The multiple third strips are arranged parallel to each other. In this invention, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing strip is placed in the downwind direction, closest to the protected object, forming the last line of defense and completely fixing any remaining sand and dust.

[0059] In some implementations, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 third strips, each third strip having a width of 2.8-7.1m, and the third strips are spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent third strips.

[0060] In some implementations, the layering propagation method includes: selecting healthy, disease-free branches from a first, second, or third mother plant; pressing the branches into the soil at the planting location; covering and compacting the soil to secure the branches.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, the branch has a diameter of 0.5-2 cm, a length of 0.5-1.5 m, and is pressed into the soil at the planting location to a depth of 10-15 cm.

[0062] In some more specific implementations, the layering propagation method specifically includes: After a spring rain, select healthy, disease-free, one- to two-year-old branches from the mother plant, about 0.5-2cm in diameter and 0.5-1.5m in length. Bend the branches and press them into the soil at the planting location for layering to a depth of 10-15cm, cover and compact the sand, and then cover the soil surface above the layering with stones to ensure that the branches are fixed in the soil.

[0063] By selecting multiple long branches from the first, second, or third mother plant and simultaneously layering these branches at multiple planting locations, multiple components of a shrub can be established at once. Alternatively, layering can be performed generation by generation on branches of first-generation, second-generation, or third-generation shrubs. In engineering practice, both methods can be used to accelerate the formation of multiple shrubs and shrub clusters.

[0064] In some implementations, the width of the polygonal sand barrier is 6-50m.

[0065] In some implementations, the width of the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m.

[0066] In some implementations, the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m.

[0067] In some implementations, blank strips are provided between adjacent strips in the polygonal active sand barrier sand-fixing strip, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing strip, and the width of the blank strips is 10-50m.

[0068] In this invention, compared to the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt has a larger cell space, thus having a larger sand accumulation area and capacity, and can fix more windblown sand. Furthermore, in the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt, because the angle between the side of each square and the prevailing wind direction is larger than the corresponding value in the triangle, the turbulence angle of the airflow along each side is larger, resulting in stronger friction and stronger wind resistance and sand fixation. Therefore, along the prevailing wind direction, the sand fixation and wind resistance efficiency increase sequentially from the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt to the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt. When windblown sand passes through the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt, some of the sand will pass through the sand fixation belt. This portion of the sand is first intercepted and fixed by the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt, and then the remaining small amount of sand is finally captured and fixed by the downwind grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt. The entire system can achieve the effect of intercepting and fixing the vast majority of windblown sand.

[0069] Example 1 Please see Figures 2-5 This embodiment provides a grid-type active sand barrier sand control system with a dome structure, including a triangular active sand barrier sand blocking belt 4, a triangular active sand barrier sand fixing belt 5, and a grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixing belt 6 arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The triangular active sand barrier sand blocking belt 4, the triangular active sand barrier sand fixing belt 5, and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixing belt 6 are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0070] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the triangular active sand barrier belt 4 includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes multiple first mother plants 11 and multiple first branches 12. The first mother plants 11 are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each first mother plant 11 is located at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one first branch 12 is located on each side of the triangle. Each first branch 12 is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding first mother plant 11. One vertex of each triangle is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the multiple first mother plants 11 or multiple first branches 12 in each triangular active sand barrier are interconnected to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The branches of the multiple first mother plants 11 or multiple first branches 12 between adjacent triangular active sand barriers are interconnected to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction. Because the branches of the first mother plant 11 and the first branch 12 are of different lengths, the dome formed by these branches is a multi-layered structure, meaning that the dome 3 can be formed at different height levels.

[0071] The multiple triangular active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups. The triangular active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a first strip 10 and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first strip 10. The extension direction of the first strip 10 is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The multiple first strips 10 are arranged parallel to each other and are connected to each other to form a grid structure, forming a triangular active sand barrier sand blocking belt 4.

[0072] Specifically, the distance between two adjacent first mother plants 11 is 2-5m. After 2-3 years of growth, the height of the first plant 11 is 2-3m and the crown width is 2-4m. The distance between adjacent first planting points 21 is 2-5m. The number of strips in the first strip 10 is 3-10 rows and the width of the first strip is 1.7-4.3m. The first plant 1 includes seedlings or cuttings of Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, the first division 12 includes a first-generation layered branch 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layered branch 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The first division 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22, the first-generation layered branch 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, and the branches extend outwards to form the first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layered branch 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, and the branches extend outwards to form the second-generation shrub 124, as well as the next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located on each side of the triangle, and the distance between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1m.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing zone 5 includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Figure 3 As shown, the triangular sand barrier includes three second mother plants 11 and multiple second branches 12. The second mother plants 11 are planted at the second planting point. The three second mother plants 11 are arranged in a triangle on the ground. Each second mother plant 11 is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch 12 is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch 12 is formed by layering from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant 12. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction.

[0075] Specifically, multiple triangular active sand barriers are spaced apart and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction. These triangular active sand barriers form a tall, upright grid structure. Based on this grid, branches from three or more second mother plants 11 or multiple second branches 12 within each triangular active sand barrier are interconnected to form a multi-layered, arc-shaped dome structure. Branches from multiple second mother plants 11 or multiple second branches 12 within each adjacent triangular active sand barrier are interconnected to form a multi-layered, arc-shaped dome structure 3 distributed along the height direction.

[0076] The triangular active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, with each group's triangular active sand barriers distributed on a second strip 13, spaced apart sequentially along the extension direction of the second strip 13, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. Multiple second strips 13 are arranged parallel to each other. The number of second strips is 3-10 rows, and the width of the second strip is 1.7-4.3m. The distance between the vertices of adjacent triangular active sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0077] Specifically, the second mother plant 11 includes seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*. The spacing between the second mother plants 11 is 2-5m. After 2-3 years of growth, the height of the second mother plant 11 is 2-3m, and the crown width is 2-4m. The spacing between adjacent second planting points 21 is 2-5m.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the second division 12 includes a first-generation layered branch 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layered branch 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The second division 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22, the first-generation layered branch 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, and the branches extend outwards to form the first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layered branch 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, and the branches extend outwards to form the second-generation shrub 124, as well as the next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located on each side of the triangle, and the distance between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1m.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt 6 includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Figure 4 As shown, the grid-shaped sand barrier includes three third mother plants 11 and multiple third branches 12. The third mother plants 11 are planted at the third planting point 21. The three third mother plants 11 are arranged in a grid pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant 11 is set at a corresponding vertex of the grid. At least one third branch 12 is set on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch 12 is formed by layering from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant 11. One vertex of each quadrilateral is set facing the prevailing wind direction.

[0080] Specifically, multiple square-shaped active sand barriers are spaced apart and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction. These multiple square-shaped active sand barriers form a tall, upright grid structure with a square base. Based on this grid, branches from four third mother trees 11 or multiple third branches 12 within each square-shaped active sand barrier, arranged in opposite directions, connect to form a multi-layered, arc-shaped dome structure 3. Branches from multiple third mother trees 11 or multiple third branches 12 within each adjacent square-shaped active sand barrier, arranged in opposite directions, connect to form a multi-layered, arc-shaped dome structure 3 distributed along the height direction.

[0081] The multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers are divided into several groups. Within each group, the grid-shaped active sand barriers are distributed along a third strip 14, spaced apart sequentially along the extension direction of the third strip 14, which is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The multiple third strips 14 are arranged parallel to each other. The number of third strips is 3-10 rows, and the width of the third strip is 2.8-7.1m. The distance between the vertices of adjacent grid-shaped active sand barriers is 1-2.5m.

[0082] Specifically, the third mother plant 11 includes seedlings or cuttings of *Salix matsudana*. The spacing between the third mother plants 11 is 2-5m. After 2-3 years of growth, the height of the third mother plant 11 is 2-3m, and the crown width is 2-4m. The spacing between adjacent third planting points 21 is 2-5m.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, the third branch 12 includes a first-generation layered branch 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layered branch 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and a next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The third branch 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22, the first-generation layered branch 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, and the branches extend outwards to form the first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layered branch 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, and the branches extend outwards to form the second-generation shrub 124, as well as the next-generation layered branch 125 sprouting from the layered branch. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located on each side of the grid, and the distance between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1m.

[0084] The width of the triangular active sand barrier belt 4 is 6-50m; the width of the triangular active sand barrier belt 5 is 20-100m; and the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier belt 6 is 20-100m. A blank strip, 10-50m wide, is provided between adjacent strips in the triangular active sand barrier belt 4, triangular active sand barrier belt 5, and grid-shaped active sand barrier belt 6.

[0085] In this embodiment, the top of the triangular active sand barrier 4 has a multi-layered dome in the shape of an arc, and the side barriers are composed of branched shrubs propagated by the tillers of the mother plant. It integrates the structure and function of mechanical sand barriers and plant sand barriers. It can expand the original sand barrier pattern in all directions through layering propagation to achieve long-term wind blocking and sand fixation. The later the stage, the larger the scale and the more complex the layers of the dome and side barriers, and the better the protection effect. The triangular active sand barrier belt 4 intercepts upwind drifting sand. The small amount of drifting sand that gets through is then fixed layer by layer by the downwind triangular active sand barrier belt 5 and the grid-shaped active sand barrier belt 6. The three work together in a coordinated manner. The sand barrier belt 4 suppresses wind force through the multi-layered blocking of the dome and side barriers, while the sand stabilization belts 5 and 6 reduce wind force through the turbulent friction of the dome and side barriers. Moreover, the sand stabilization and wind-blocking efficiency increases sequentially from the triangular active sand barrier belt 5 to the grid-shaped active sand barrier belt 6. Therefore, the entire system can block and fix the vast majority of wind and sand flows.

[0086] In the triangular sand-fixing belt 5 and the grid-shaped sand-fixing belt 6, at least one vertex of each triangle or grid is set facing the prevailing wind direction. This allows the airflow to first collide with the mother tree 11 when it enters the sand-fixing belt, and then be diverted diagonally backward. It then rubs and flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the branch trees 12. After colliding with the mother tree 11 downwind, it is diverted again. This process is repeated, and the energy of the airflow 81 that has been diverted multiple times will be greatly weakened. The sand-fixing belt has a strong sand-settling effect and can effectively protect the protected object 7.

[0087] Moreover, compared to the triangular active sand barrier 5, the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6 has a larger cell space, thus possessing a larger sand accumulation area and capacity, and can fix more windblown sand. Furthermore, in the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6, because the angle between the side of each square and the prevailing wind direction is larger than the corresponding value in the triangle, the turbulence angle of the airflow along each side is greater, resulting in stronger friction and thus stronger wind resistance and sand fixation. Therefore, along the prevailing wind direction, the sand fixation and wind resistance efficiency increase sequentially from the triangular active sand barrier 5 to the grid-shaped active sand barrier 6.

[0088] The grid-cell living sand barrier system of this embodiment integrates the structure and function of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. It can expand the original sand barrier pattern in all directions through layering propagation to achieve long-term wind resistance and sand fixation. Moreover, the divisions produced by layering propagation fill the near-surface blank areas between plant shrubs, which have strong wind resistance and sand storage functions and have good sustainable biological management effect.

[0089] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system with a dome structure, characterized in that, It includes a polygonal active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, a triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and a grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The polygonal active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt are all arranged in strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The polygonal active sand barrier includes multiple polygonal active sand barriers, each polygonal active sand barrier including multiple first mother plants and multiple first branches. The first mother plants are arranged in a polygonal pattern on the ground. Each first mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the polygon, and at least one first branch is set on each side of the polygon. At least one first branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding first mother plant. One vertex of each polygon is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the multiple first mother plants or multiple first branches in each polygonal active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple triangular active sand barriers. Each triangular active sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second branches. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. Each second mother plant is set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second branch is set on each side of the triangle. At least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is set facing the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the three second mother plants or multiple second branches in each triangular active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape. The grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt includes multiple grid-shaped active sand barriers. Each grid-shaped active sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third branches. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant is located at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third branch is located on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The branches of the four third mother plants or multiple third branches in each grid-shaped active sand barrier are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape.

2. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mother plant is a sand-loving shrub, with a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the first mother plants is planted at a first planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent first planting points; And / or, in each adjacent polygonal sand barrier, branches distributed in opposite directions on multiple first mother plants or multiple first tributaries are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction. And / or, the polygonal sand barrier also includes multiple first branches, with at least one first branch distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants, and at least one first branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding first mother plant. And / or, the multiple polygonal live sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, and the polygonal live sand barriers in each group are distributed on a first strip and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first strip. The extension direction of the first strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction. The multiple first strips are arranged parallel to each other and the multiple first strips are connected to each other to form a grid structure. And / or, the polygonal sand barrier includes 3-10 first strips, the width of which is 1.7-4.3m.

3. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polygon includes triangles or squares; And / or, the psammophytic shrubs include sand willow or caragana; And / or, at least one of the first divisions comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the first divisions comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the first mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, wherein the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the first division growing from (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2; And / or, each side of the polygonal live sand barrier is formed by shrubs and branches of a first mother plant, the shrubs being composed of a first lateral plant; And / or, each first mother plant in the polygonal live sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, in each of the polygonal sand barriers, multiple layering planting positions are provided at intervals along the line connecting any two first mother plants, with the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions being 0.5-1m; And / or, the spacing between the first mother plants within the same polygonal sand barrier is 2-5m.

4. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mother plant includes sand willow or caragana, and is 2-3m tall with a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the second mother plants is planted at a second planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent second planting points; And / or, multiple of the aforementioned triangular sand barriers constitute a high vertical grid structure with a triangular base; And / or, multiple triangular sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction; And / or, in each adjacent triangular sand barrier, branches of multiple second mother plants or multiple second tributaries that are distributed in opposite directions are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction. And / or, the triangular sand barrier sand-fixing belt also includes multiple second branches, with at least one second branch distributed between any two adjacent second mother plants within the same triangular sand barrier, and at least one second branch is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding second mother plant. And / or, at least one of the second divisions comprises a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the second divisions comprises a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, wherein the descendant layered plant includes a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, wherein the first-generation layered plant is a branch of the second mother plant, the second-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, wherein the nth-generation layered plant is a branch of the second division growing from the (n-1)th-generation layered plant, and n≥2; And / or, each side of the triangular living sand barrier is formed by branches of a shrub and a second mother plant, the shrub being composed of a second branch; And / or, each second mother plant in the triangular sand barrier is planted in the corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, in each of the triangular sand barriers, multiple layering planting positions are arranged at intervals along the line connecting any two second mother plants, with the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions being 0.5-1m.

5. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shortest distance between adjacent triangular sand barriers is 1-2.5m; And / or, the spacing between the second mother plants within the same triangular sand barrier is 2-5m; And / or, the multiple triangular active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, and the triangular active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a second strip and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second strip. The extension direction of the second strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the multiple second strips are arranged parallel to each other.

6. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 second strips, each second strip having a width of 1.7-4.3m. The second strips are spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent second strips.

7. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third mother plant includes sand willow or caragana, and is 2-3m tall with a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the third mother plants is planted at a third planting point, with a spacing of 2-5m between adjacent third planting points; And / or, in each adjacent square-shaped living sand barrier, branches distributed in opposite directions on multiple third mother plants or multiple third branches are connected to each other to form a multi-layered dome structure in an arc shape distributed along the height direction. And / or, multiple of the aforementioned square-shaped active sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the prevailing wind direction; And / or, the grid-shaped sand barrier sand fixation belt also includes multiple third branches, with at least one third branch distributed between any two adjacent third mother plants within the same grid-shaped sand barrier, and at least one of the third branches is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant. And / or, at least one of the third divisions includes a first-generation layered plant and a branch sprouting from the first-generation layered plant or a plant growing from the first-generation layered plant, and at least one of the third divisions includes a descendant layered plant and a branch sprouting from the descendant layered plant or a plant growing from the descendant layered plant, the descendant layered plant including a second-generation layered plant, ..., or an nth-generation layered plant, the first-generation layered plant being a branch of the third mother plant, the second-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from the first-generation layered plant, and so on, the nth-generation layered plant being a branch of the third division growing from (n-1)th-generation layered plant, where n≥2; And / or, each side of the grid-shaped living sand barrier is formed by shrubs and branches of a third mother plant, the shrubs being composed of a third branch; And / or, in the grid-shaped live sand barrier, each third mother plant is planted in the corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, in each of the aforementioned square-shaped living sand barriers, multiple layering planting positions are arranged at intervals along the line connecting any two third mother plants, with the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions being 0.5-1m.

8. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The minimum distance between adjacent square-shaped active sand barriers is 1-2.5m; And / or, the spacing between the third mother plants within the same grid-shaped sand barrier is 2-5m; And / or, the multiple square-shaped active sand barriers are divided into multiple groups, and the square-shaped active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a third strip and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the third strip. The extension direction of the third strip is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and the multiple third strips are arranged parallel to each other. And / or, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 third strips, each third strip having a width of 2.8-7.1m, the third strips being spaced apart, with a spacing of 1-2.5m between adjacent third strips.

9. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layering propagation method includes: selecting healthy, disease-free branches from the first, second, or third mother plant; pressing the branches into the soil at the planting location, covering and compacting the soil to fix the branches.

10. The dome-structured, open-cell sand barrier system for sand control according to claim 9, characterized in that: The branches have a diameter of 0.5-2cm, a length of 0.5-1.5m, and are pressed into the soil at the planting location to a depth of 10-15cm.

11. The dome-structured grid-cell active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the polygonal active sand barrier is 6-50m; And / or, the width of the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m; And / or, the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt is 20-100m; And / or, in the polygonal active sand barrier sand-fixing belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt, there are blank strips between adjacent strips, and the width of the blank strips is 10-50m.

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