A method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors of a distributed composting system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of distributed composting system greenhouse gas emission factor measurement method, the cumulative emission of compost greenhouse gas in 1h is calculated using the measurement data of sensor, and greenhouse gas emission factor of this measurement time is obtained by dividing the composting facility in the mass of compost corresponding 1h measurement time, then take the average of the 24 groups of greenhouse gas emission factor, obtain daily average emission factor, multiplied by the average of the mass of compost in 24 groups of composting facilities, obtain the cumulative emission of greenhouse gas of compost in composting facility on the day, finally the cumulative emission of greenhouse gas of each day in composting period is summed, and greenhouse gas emission factor of composting whole cycle is obtained by dividing the initial composting facility in the mass of compost.The application carries out actual measurement calculation to compost greenhouse gas emission factor by using online measurement data, improves the measurement frequency of greenhouse gas, maximizes the human error in measurement process, and provides a new way for carbon emission accounting in composting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of greenhouse gas carbon emission accounting technology, specifically relating to a method for real-time measurement of greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed aerobic composting system based on an online measurement device. Background Technology

[0002] Composting is an environmentally friendly way to achieve the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of organic solid waste. It is suitable for promotion and application in urban communities to help build "zero-waste cities". However, the composting process produces greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4 and N2O and volatile organic compounds, which not only reduce the agronomic value of compost products, but also cause secondary environmental pollution.

[0003] Against the backdrop of my country's efforts to achieve "dual carbon" goals, accurately calculating greenhouse gas emissions during distributed composting is crucial for studying the greenhouse gas production and emission mechanisms in distributed composting and guiding carbon emission reduction through distributed composting.

[0004] Existing methods for greenhouse gas collection during composting often employ the static box method. However, each sample collection requires manual installation of the device, followed by prolonged sampling at a single location. This makes accurate and high-frequency timed and quantitative sampling impossible, and nighttime sampling is often overlooked. The choice of sampling location affects the final measurement results, and the static box can only cover a small portion of the compost pile, failing to cover the entire pile. Installing the static box requires pushing it into the pile, but the pile structure is loose, and each compression alters the original structure, thus changing the greenhouse gas production and emission conditions and affecting the final measurement results.

[0005] The static box method is used to calculate the greenhouse gas emission fluxes on the surface of a compost pile. This involves measuring environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, compost mass, and headspace volume within the box. However, the data recording of these environmental factors requires manual operation, which cannot meet the needs of high-frequency operations. The headspace volume is usually approximated by the volume of the static box, but the surface of the compost pile is uneven, and the volume of the compost pile changes continuously during the composting process. Therefore, this approximation cannot accurately reflect the headspace volume of the compost pile under test, resulting in a large deviation between the final calculation results and the actual values, which affects subsequent mechanism research. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention provides a method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed composting system, which involves real-time online monitoring of environmental data and calculations, thereby improving measurement efficiency and accuracy.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed composting system includes the following steps:

[0009] S1: Install a mass sensor on the side of the rectangular base, then fit the lower sealing plate of the enclosed box into the base fixing sealing groove of the rectangular base, and then fit the sealing groove of the gas collection hood onto the sealing plate of the upper part of the enclosed box, so that the upper sealing plate is placed in the sealing groove of the gas collection hood, thus completing the installation of the online measuring device.

[0010] The top of the gas collection hood is equipped with a greenhouse gas sensor, a temperature, humidity and air pressure integrated monitoring sensor, a ventilation fan and a headspace height monitoring sensor; the enclosed box is equipped with several louvers; each sensor is connected to a remote PC; after power is turned on, the sealing louver closing time and data measurement time point are set on the remote PC.

[0011] S2: Every hour on the hour, the sealed louvers immediately close. At this time, the greenhouse gas sensor, temperature, humidity and air pressure integrated monitoring sensor and headspace height monitoring sensor measure environmental data at time points of 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 25 min respectively.

[0012] S3: Calculate the cumulative emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O within 1 hour using the measurement data, divide by the mass of the compost pile within the composting facility at the corresponding 1-hour measurement time to obtain the emission factor at that time, and then take the average of these 24 sets of greenhouse gas emission factors. The daily average emission factor is obtained, which is then multiplied by the average mass of the compost piles in the 24 composting facilities to obtain the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A of the compost piles in the composting facilities on that day. L Finally, the cumulative daily greenhouse gas emissions during the composting cycle are summed and divided by the initial mass of the composting facility to obtain the greenhouse gas emission factor EF for the entire composting cycle.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, when the online measuring device is not started, the remote PC controls the sealing louvers to be in the open state. At this time, the online measuring device is connected to the outside, and the air circulation and heat dissipation of the sealed box are not disturbed by human intervention. After the online measuring device is started, the remote PC controls the sealing louvers to close immediately, isolating the composting facility from the external environment. The fan then mixes the gas in the online measuring device evenly. After 10 seconds, the mixing stops, and each sensor starts working, uploading the measurement data to the remote PC.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the measurement start time is set at the top of each hour on the remote PC. During the measurement, the online measuring device is in a sealed state, and a set of data is measured every 5 minutes, with 6 sets of data measured every hour. The measured data is then uploaded to the remote PC. After each set of data is measured, the online measuring device returns to an open state.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the remote PC matches the data collected by the headspace height monitoring sensor with the gas sample number, and then inputs the detected gas sample data into the database to calculate the headspace volume V. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0016] V=ab×[(H1+H2+H3) / 3-H0]+V1-V2.

[0017] Where V1 is the volume of the gas collection hood 1, and V2 is the sum of the volumes of the mass sensor, the integrated temperature, humidity, and air pressure monitoring sensor, and the fan, in meters (m). 3 a is the length of the composting facility, b is the width of the composting facility, H1, H2 and H3 are the heights from the headspace height monitoring sensor 8 to the surface of the compost pile, and H0 is the height from the headspace height monitoring sensor 8 to the bottom horizontal plane of the gas collection hood 1. The unit is m.

[0018] Preferably, the measurement data is calculated remotely on a PC. First, based on the characteristics of gas concentration changes over time, measurements are taken during the linear concentration change phase to avoid nonlinear accumulation caused by changes in the chamber environment. The greenhouse gas emission flux F is then calculated. Based on this, the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting within 1 hour are calculated. t(ab) Then calculate the greenhouse gas emission factor EF of composting within 1 hour. t(ab) Then use EF t(ab) Calculate the average greenhouse gas emission factor of composting within 1 hour of a single day. Finally utilize Calculate the cumulative daily greenhouse gas emissions A from composting L And the total greenhouse gas emissions A during the composting cycle;

[0019] The greenhouse gases mentioned include CO2, CH4, and N2O;

[0020] The greenhouse gas emission flux F (unit: g·kg) is mentioned. -1 ·h -1 The calculation formula for ) is as follows:

[0021] F=(Δc / Δt)×(V / W)×(M / V0)×(P / P0)×(T0 / T×c);

[0022] Where F represents the greenhouse gas emission flux, measured in g·kg⁻¹. -1 ·h -1 Δc represents the change in gas concentration (ppm) during the time interval Δt; V represents the headspace volume in m³. 3W represents the mass of the compost pile at the initial measurement moment, in kg; M represents the molecular mass of the relevant gases (CO2, CH4, N2O: 44, 16, 44 g / mol); V0 represents the volume occupied by 1 M of gas at standard temperature and pressure (22.4 L); P represents atmospheric pressure (bar), P0 represents standard atmospheric pressure (1.01325 bar); T0 represents the air temperature under standard conditions (273.15 Kelvin); T represents the temperature inside the container during deployment time (Kelvin); c represents the dimension conversion factor.

[0023] The cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting within 1 hour t(ab) The calculation formula is as follows:

[0024] A t(ab) =(t b -t a )×(F ta +F tb ) / 2;

[0025] Among them, t a and t b The time between the two measurements is in hours (h); F ta and F tb Gas flux measured over time (g·kg) -1 ·h -1 .

[0026] The greenhouse gas emission factor EF of composting within 1 hour t(ab) The calculation formula is as follows:

[0027] EF t(ab) =A t(ab) / W;

[0028] Where W represents the mass of the compost pile within the composting facility at the initial measurement moment, measured in kg.

[0029] The average greenhouse gas emission factor of composting within 1 hour in a single day. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0030] ;

[0031] Where n=24;

[0032] The daily cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting L (Unit is kg) The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] A L = ;

[0035] in, This represents the average emission factor over 1 hour within a single day. The mass of the pile at each measurement moment. The average mass of the stack within a single day is expressed in kg, and n=24.

[0036] The formula for calculating the total greenhouse gas emissions A (in kg) during the composting cycle is as follows:

[0037] A= ;

[0038] Where L represents the composting cycle of the distributed composting system, in days.

[0039] The formula for calculating the greenhouse gas emission factor EF of distributed composting throughout its entire life cycle is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, W0 represents the initial mass of the compost pile within the composting facility, expressed in kg.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] This invention applies the static chamber method to measure greenhouse gas concentrations in compost in real time online, enabling efficient calculation of greenhouse gas emission factors. It reduces human interference during the composting process and human error in data acquisition, better reflects actual composting scenarios, and ensures the accuracy of monitoring and sample testing data. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 The present invention relates to an online greenhouse gas measurement device for composting.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the calculation method of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1-Gas collection hood, 2-Enclosed box, 3-Rectangular base, 4-Greenhouse gas sensor, 5-Integrated temperature, humidity and air pressure monitoring sensor, 6-Sealing groove, 7-Ventilation fan, 8-Headspace height monitoring sensor, 9-Louvre, 10-Upper sealing plate, 11-Lower sealing plate, 12-Base fixing sealing groove, 13-Mass sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means used are all conventional technical means in the art.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed composting system includes the following steps:

[0050] S1: Installation of online measuring device: such as Figure 1 As shown, a mass sensor 13 is installed on the side of the rectangular base 3. Then, the lower sealing plate 11 of the sealed box 2 is fitted into the base fixing sealing groove 12 of the rectangular base 3. Then, the sealing groove 6 of the gas collecting hood 1 is fitted onto the upper sealing plate 10 on the upper part of the sealed box 2, so that the upper sealing plate 10 is placed in the sealing groove 6 of the gas collecting hood, thus completing the installation of the online measuring device.

[0051] The top of the gas collection hood 1 is equipped with a greenhouse gas sensor 4, a temperature, humidity and air pressure integrated monitoring sensor 5, a ventilation fan 7 and a headspace height monitoring sensor 8; the enclosed box 2 is equipped with several louvers 9 around its body; each sensor is connected to a remote PC.

[0052] Measurement parameter setting: After power is connected, the closing time of the sealing louver 9 and the data measurement time point are set on the remote PC. When the online measurement device is not started, the sealing louver 9 is kept open by the remote PC. At this time, the online measurement device is connected inside and outside, and the air circulation and heat dissipation of the sealed box 2 are not disturbed by human intervention. After the online measurement device is started, the sealing louver 9 is immediately closed by the remote PC to isolate the composting facility from the external environment. The fan 7 then mixes the gas in the online measurement device evenly. Mixing stops after 10 seconds, and each sensor starts to work and uploads the measurement data to the remote PC.

[0053] S2: Environmental Data Acquisition: Set the measurement start time to the hour on the remote PC. During measurement, the online measuring device is in a sealed state. Take a set of data every 5 minutes, and take 6 sets of data every hour. Upload the measured data to the remote PC. After the measurement is completed, the online measuring device returns to the open state. Every hour on the hour, the sealed louvers 9 immediately close. At this time, the greenhouse gas sensor 4, the temperature, humidity and air pressure integrated monitoring sensor 5 and the headspace height monitoring sensor 8 measure environmental data at time points of 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 25 min respectively.

[0054] S3: Emission Factor Calculation: Calculate the cumulative emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O within 1 hour using the measurement data, divide by the mass of the compost pile within the composting facility at the corresponding 1-hour measurement time to obtain the emission factor at that time, and then take the average of these 24 sets of greenhouse gas emission factors. The daily average emission factor is obtained, which is then multiplied by the average mass of the compost piles in the 24 composting facilities to obtain the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A of the compost piles in the composting facilities on that day. LFinally, the cumulative daily greenhouse gas emissions during the composting cycle are summed and divided by the initial mass of the compost pile within the facility to obtain the greenhouse gas emission factor EF for the entire composting cycle. The details are as follows:

[0055] The data collected by the headspace height monitoring sensor (8) on the remote PC is matched with the gas sample number, and then the detected gas sample data is entered into the database to calculate the headspace volume V. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0056] V=ab×[(H1+H2+H3) / 3-H0]+V1-V2.

[0057] Where V1 is the volume of the gas collection hood 1, and V2 is the sum of the volumes of the mass sensor 13, the integrated temperature, humidity and air pressure monitoring sensor 5, and the fan 7, in meters (m³). 3 a is the length of the composting facility, b is the width of the composting facility, H1, H2 and H3 are the heights from the headspace height monitoring sensor 8 to the surface of the compost pile, and H0 is the height from the headspace height monitoring sensor 8 to the bottom horizontal plane of the gas collection hood 1. The unit is m.

[0058] Based on the characteristics of gas concentration changes over time, measurements were taken during the linear concentration change phase to avoid nonlinear accumulation caused by changes in the chamber environment. The greenhouse gas emission flux F was calculated, and the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting within 1 hour were then calculated. t(ab) Then calculate the greenhouse gas emission factor EF of composting within 1 hour. t(ab) Then use EF t(ab) Calculate the average greenhouse gas emission factor of composting within 1 hour of a single day. Finally utilize Calculate the cumulative daily greenhouse gas emissions A from composting L And the total greenhouse gas emissions A during the composting cycle;

[0059] The greenhouse gas emission flux F (unit: g·kg) is mentioned. -1 ·h -1 The calculation formula for ) is as follows:

[0060] F=(Δc / Δt)×(V / W)×(M / V0)×(P / P0)×(T0 / T×c);

[0061] Where F represents the greenhouse gas emission flux, measured in g·kg⁻¹. -1 ·h -1 Δc represents the change in gas concentration (ppm) during the time interval Δt; V represents the headspace volume in m³. 3W represents the dry mass of the stack at the initial measurement moment, in kg; M represents the molecular mass of the relevant gases (CO2, CH4, N2O: 44, 16, 44 g / mol); V0 represents the volume occupied by 1 M of gas at standard temperature and pressure (22.4 L); P represents atmospheric pressure (bar), P0 represents standard atmospheric pressure (1.01325 bar); T0 represents the air temperature under standard conditions (273.15 Kelvin); T represents the temperature inside the container during deployment (Kelvin); c represents the dimension conversion factor.

[0062] The cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting within 1 hour t(ab) The calculation formula is as follows:

[0063] A t(ab) =(t b -t a )×(F ta +F tb ) / 2;

[0064] Among them, t a and t b The time between the two measurements is in hours (h); F ta and F tb Gas flux measured over time (g·kg) -1 ·h -1 .

[0065] The greenhouse gas emission factor EF of composting within 1 hour t(ab) The calculation formula is as follows:

[0066] EF t(ab) =A t(ab) / W;

[0067] Where W represents the mass of the pile at the initial measurement moment, in kg.

[0068] The average greenhouse gas emission factor of composting within 1 hour in a single day. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0069] ;

[0070] Where n=24;

[0071] The daily cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting L (Unit is kg) The calculation formula is as follows:

[0072] ;

[0073] A L = ;

[0074] in, This represents the average emission factor over 1 hour within a single day. The mass of the pile at each measurement moment. The average mass of the stack within a single day is expressed in kg, and n=24.

[0075] The formula for calculating the total greenhouse gas emissions A (in kg) during the composting cycle is as follows:

[0076] A= ;

[0077] Where L represents the composting cycle of the distributed composting system, in days.

[0078] The formula for calculating the greenhouse gas emission factor EF of distributed composting throughout its entire life cycle is as follows:

[0079] ;

[0080] In the formula, W0 represents the initial mass of the compost pile within the composting facility, expressed in kg.

[0081] Application Example 1

[0082] The online greenhouse gas measurement device for composting, measuring 1 m in length, 1 m in width, and 1 m in height, was installed according to the method in Example 1. The compost substrate to be measured was then placed on the rectangular base 3 within the online greenhouse gas measurement device. The raw material types of the compost substrate were kitchen waste and sawdust, with an initial weight of approximately 400 kg and a composting period of 35 days. Data collection, calculation, and analysis were performed according to the method in Example 1.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] The greenhouse gas emission factors of composting were calculated using the conventional static box method. The specific steps are as follows:

[0085] (1) The cross-sectional area is 40 cm 2 Height 20 cm, net volume 80 cm³ 3 The transparent static box was placed at any position on the surface of the stack and was set to start measuring the gas concentration at 2 pm every day. The continuous measurement time was 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 25 min of each hour.

[0086] (2) Synchronous gas measurement to determine the temperature and pressure values ​​inside and outside the static chamber;

[0087] (3) Calculate the cumulative emissions within 1 hour by measuring the data at 2 pm every day, and then multiply by 24 to get the total emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O gas on that day;

[0088] (4) Sum the cumulative emissions of each day during the composting cycle to obtain the total greenhouse gas emissions during the entire composting cycle.

[0089] The data measured in Application Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were calculated and analyzed to obtain the total emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1:

[0091] <![CDATA[Total CO2 Emissions]]> 163.28 g / kg 106.43 g / kg <![CDATA[Total CH4 emissions]]> 143.52 g / kg 86.76 g / kg <![CDATA[Total N₂O emissions]]> 78.93 g / kg 115.76 g / kg

[0092] As can be seen from Table 1, the total emissions calculated in Comparative Example 1 underestimated or overestimated the actual greenhouse gas emissions, indicating that the calculation method of the present invention is more accurate.

[0093] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its spirit and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed composting system, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Install a mass sensor (13) on the side of the rectangular base (3), then fit the lower sealing plate (11) of the enclosed box (2) into the base fixing sealing groove (12) of the rectangular base (3), and then fit the sealing groove (6) of the gas collection hood (1) onto the upper sealing plate (10) on the upper part of the enclosed box (2), so that the upper sealing plate (10) is placed in the sealing groove (6) of the gas collection hood (1), and the installation of the online measuring device is completed. The top of the gas collection hood (1) is equipped with a greenhouse gas sensor (4), a temperature, humidity and air pressure integrated monitoring sensor (5), a ventilation fan (7) and a top height monitoring sensor (8); the enclosed box (2) is equipped with several louvers (9); each sensor is connected to a remote PC; after the power is turned on, the closing time of the louvers (9) and the data measurement time point are set on the remote PC. When the online measuring device is not started, the remote PC controls the louvers (9) to be open. At this time, the online measuring device is connected inside and outside, and the air circulation and heat dissipation of the sealed box (2) are not disturbed by human intervention. After the online measuring device is started, the remote PC controls the louvers (9) to close immediately, isolating the composting facility from the external environment. The ventilation fan (7) then mixes the gas in the online measuring device evenly. After 10 seconds, the mixing stops, and each sensor starts to work, uploading the measurement data to the remote PC. S2: Every hour on the hour, the louvers (9) immediately close. At this time, the greenhouse gas sensor (4), the temperature, humidity and air pressure integrated monitoring sensor (5) and the headspace height monitoring sensor (8) measure environmental data at the time points of 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 25 min respectively. Set the measurement start time at the hour on the remote PC. During the measurement, the online measuring device is in a sealed state. A set of data is measured every 5 min, and 6 sets of data are measured every hour. The measured data is uploaded to the remote PC. After each set of data is measured, the online measuring device returns to the open state. S3: Calculate the cumulative emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O within 1 hour using the measurement data, divide by the mass of the compost pile within the composting facility at the corresponding 1-hour measurement time to obtain the emission factor at that time, and then take the average of these 24 sets of greenhouse gas emission factors. The daily average emission factor is obtained, which is then multiplied by the average mass of the compost piles in the 24 composting facilities to obtain the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A of the compost piles in the composting facilities on that day. L Finally, the cumulative daily greenhouse gas emissions during the composting cycle are summed and divided by the initial mass of the composting facility to obtain the greenhouse gas emission factor EF for the entire composting cycle.

2. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed composting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the remote PC matches the data collected by the headspace height monitoring sensor (8) with the gas sample number, and then inputs the detected gas sample data into the database to calculate the headspace volume. The calculation formula is as follows: V=ab×[(H1+H2+H3) / 3-H0]+V1-V2; In the formula, V1 is the volume of the gas collection hood (1), and V2 is the sum of the volumes of the mass sensor (13), the integrated temperature, humidity and air pressure monitoring sensor (5), and the ventilation fan (7), with units of m. 3 ; a is the length of the composting facility, b is the width of the composting facility, H1, H2 and H3 are the heights from the headspace height monitoring sensor (8) to the surface of the compost body, and H0 is the height from the headspace height monitoring sensor (8) to the bottom horizontal plane of the gas collection hood (1), in meters.

3. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emission factors in a distributed composting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote PC performs calculations on the measurement data. First, based on the characteristics of gas concentration changes over time, measurements are taken during the linear concentration change phase to avoid nonlinear accumulation caused by changes in the chamber environment. The greenhouse gas emission flux F is then calculated. Based on this, the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting over 1 hour are calculated. t(ab) Then calculate the greenhouse gas emission factor EF of composting within 1 hour. t(ab) Then use EF t(ab) Calculate the average greenhouse gas emission factor of composting within 1 hour of a single day. Finally utilize Calculate the cumulative daily greenhouse gas emissions A from composting L And the total greenhouse gas emissions A during the composting cycle; The greenhouse gases mentioned include CO2, CH4, and N2O; the formula for calculating the greenhouse gas emission flux F is as follows: F=(Δc / Δt)×(V / W)×(M / V0)×(P / P0)×(T0 / T×c); In the formula, F represents the greenhouse gas emission flux, with units of g·kg. -1 ·h -1 Δc represents the change in gas concentration (ppm) during the time interval Δt; V represents the headspace volume in m³. 3 W represents the initial mass of the compost pile within the facility, measured in kg; M represents the molecular mass of the relevant gases (CO2, CH4, N2O: 44, 16, 44 g / mol); V0 represents the volume occupied by 1 M of gas at standard temperature and pressure (22.4 L); P represents atmospheric pressure (bar), P0 represents standard atmospheric pressure (1.01325 bar); T0 represents the air temperature under standard conditions (273.15 Kelvin); T represents the temperature inside the container during deployment time (Kelvin); c represents the dimension conversion factor. The cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting within 1 hour t(ab) The calculation formula is as follows: A t(ab) =(t b -t a )×(F ta +F tb ) / 2; In the formula, t a and t b The time between the two measurements is in hours (h); F ta and F tb Gas flux (g·kg) measured over time -1 ·h -1 ; The greenhouse gas emission factor EF of composting within 1 hour t(ab) The calculation formula is as follows: EF t(ab) =A t(ab) / W; In the formula, W represents the mass of the compost pile within the composting facility at the initial measurement moment, in kg. The average greenhouse gas emission factor of composting within 1 hour in a single day. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, n=24; The daily cumulative greenhouse gas emissions A from composting L The calculation formula is as follows: ； A L = ； in, This represents the average emission factor over 1 hour within a single day. The mass of the pile at each measurement moment. The average mass of the stack within a single day is expressed in kg, n=24; The formula for calculating the total greenhouse gas emissions A during the composting cycle is as follows: A= ； In the formula, L represents the composting cycle of the distributed composting system, in days; The formula for calculating the greenhouse gas lifecycle emission factor EF of the distributed composting system is as follows: ； In the formula, W0 represents the initial mass of the compost pile within the composting facility, expressed in kg.

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