A spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting a transformer fault gas concentration and a detection method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of transformer detection equipment, and particularly relates to a spectrum gas concentration detection device for detecting the concentration of fault gas of a transformer and a detection method thereof, comprising a transformer body, an oil conservator, an end cover and a driving assembly, the oil conservator is in communication with the transformer body, the end cover is installed at one end of the oil conservator, a transmission frame and a bellows are arranged inside the oil conservator, and the two ends of the bellows are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the end cover and the transmission frame. The present application is characterized in that the bellows is compressible to balance the pressure of the internal cavity of the oil conservator, so that the bellows is actively compressed to form negative pressure in the oil conservator, the fault gas in the transformer oil is quickly escaped and efficiently enters the sampling part, the gas collection efficiency is improved, and the detection period is shortened; the position and the number of the sampling part inserted into the oil conservator are automatically adjusted according to the change of the oil storage cavity, so that the equipment can adapt to the change of the gas sample amount and distribution under different working conditions, and the detection accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer testing equipment, and more specifically to a spectral gas concentration detection device and method for detecting the concentration of fault gases in transformers. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in the power system, the operating status of transformers directly affects the stability and security of power supply. Assessing transformer operating status by detecting fault gas concentrations has become an important method in the industry. Under normal operation, the insulating oil inside a transformer is in a stable state. However, when faults such as localized overheating, partial discharge, or arcing occur, the insulating oil decomposes, producing characteristic gases such as hydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, and methane. The types and concentrations of these fault gases are closely related to the type and severity of the internal fault in the transformer. Spectroscopic gas concentration detection technology, due to its advantages such as high sensitivity, fast response speed, and the ability to simultaneously detect multiple gas components, has gradually become an important means of detecting fault gases in transformers.

[0003] During sampling, existing technologies mostly rely on natural diffusion or simple vacuum degassing to induce the release of fault gases from transformer oil. Natural diffusion is slow and it is difficult to quickly obtain sufficient gas samples. Although traditional vacuum degassing devices can reduce pressure, they cannot actively adjust the degassing space, resulting in limited gas release efficiency, long detection cycles, and inability to detect early faults in a timely manner.

[0004] Meanwhile, the sampling probe of traditional detection devices is in a fixed position and cannot automatically adjust the sampling range according to changes in the oil position or fluctuations in the oil level inside the oil tank. Especially in corrugated oil tanks, when the oil level inside the oil tank changes or the distribution of fault gas is uneven, the fixed sampling probe is difficult to collect representative gas samples, affecting the accuracy of the detection results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spectral gas concentration detection device and method for detecting transformer fault gas concentration in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Utilizing the compressibility of a bellows to balance the pressure inside the oil conservator cavity, a negative pressure is actively created within the oil conservator cylinder through bellows compression. This causes the fault gas in the transformer oil to escape rapidly and efficiently enter the sampling section. Compared to traditional single vacuum degassing or natural diffusion methods, this improves gas collection efficiency and shortens the detection cycle. The device automatically adjusts the position and number of sampling sections protruding into the oil conservator cylinder according to changes in the oil storage cavity, and adaptively adjusts the distance between the light source module and the photodetector, forming a spectral reaction zone with adaptively varying length. This allows the device to adapt to changes in gas sample volume and distribution under different operating conditions, ensuring sufficient interaction between light and gas and improving detection accuracy. Details are described below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting fault gas concentration in transformers, comprising a transformer body, an oil conservator, an end cover, and a drive assembly. The oil conservator is connected to the transformer body, and the end cover is installed at one end of the oil conservator. A transmission frame and a bellows are disposed inside the oil conservator, with both ends of the bellows connected to the end cover and the opposite side of the transmission frame, respectively. The drive assembly is connected to the transmission frame and can drive the transmission frame to move the bellows laterally, thereby actively compressing the bellows to create a negative pressure inside the oil conservator. The transmission frame extends partially out of the oil conservator. A gas chamber is disposed above the oil conservator, with multiple sets of sampling units arranged laterally and evenly inside the gas chamber. These sampling units penetrate the top wall of the oil conservator and remain in communication with it. A negative pressure generator is disposed outside the gas chamber and is connected to the gas chamber to generate a negative pressure environment. A light source module that emits a specific wavelength spectrum into the gas chamber is fixed on the side of the gas chamber away from the end cover. The top of the transmission frame extends into the gas chamber, and a photodetector that receives the spectral signal after absorption by the gas inside the gas chamber is fixed on the top of the transmission frame.

[0008] Preferably, an oil storage cavity is formed between the inside of the oil conservator and the transmission frame. The oil storage cavity is used to store transformer oil. The top of the oil conservator is provided with multiple sets of mounting holes corresponding to the sampling part. A fixing hole is provided at the end of the oil conservator near the end cover. The fixing hole is used to install and fix the end cover on the end face of the oil conservator.

[0009] Preferably, the sampling unit includes a sampling cylinder and an oleophobic and breathable membrane. The sampling cylinder has a side hole, and the oleophobic and breathable membrane covers the outside of the side hole, allowing only gas to pass through to enter the sampling cylinder. The mounting hole is used to accommodate the sampling cylinder to pass through vertically, and a lower sealing ring that slides and seals with the sampling cylinder is provided on the top side of the mounting hole.

[0010] Preferably, the gas chamber is provided with a guide hole, and a rectangular frame structure positioning frame is fixed to the top of the sampling tube. A guide rod that vertically penetrates the guide hole is fixed to the top of the positioning frame. The guide hole provides guidance for the vertical sliding of the sampling part. A baffle is fixed to the top of the guide rod. An upper sealing ring that slides and seals with the guide rod is provided at the top opening of the guide hole. An auxiliary spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod to keep the positioning frame and the sampling tube pressed downward.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission frame includes a piston disc, a support arm, and a return spring. The piston disc is movably disposed inside the oil conservator cylinder. One end of the bellows is fixed to a movable ring on the end face of the piston disc. The support arm extends out of the end cap, and the return spring is sleeved on the outside of the support arm inside the oil conservator cylinder to provide elastic force for the piston disc to drive the piston cylinder to return to its original position. The top end of the support arm is bent upward, and a laterally extending connecting cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the top end of the support arm. A sliding hole is provided on the end face of the air chamber corresponding to the connecting cylinder. A support rod is disposed inside the connecting cylinder and passes through the sliding hole into the air chamber. The sliding hole allows the support rod to slide laterally.

[0012] Preferably, the support rod is inserted into the positioning frame to support the sampling tube to detach from the oil conservator. The ends of the two support rods are bent downward and connected to a support section. The other end of the support rod is fixed with a disassembly section that can be detachably connected to the connecting tube. The photodetector is fixed to the bottom side of the support section.

[0013] Preferably, the bellows forms a pressure balance chamber inside, the end cap is provided with a breathing port that communicates with the pressure balance chamber, the outer side of the end cap is fixed with a rotating ear that supports the rotation of the drive assembly, and the outer circumference of the end cap is provided with a fixing bolt with a threaded fixing hole.

[0014] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drum rotatably disposed in the middle of the rotating lug, and a winding motor is disposed below the drum. The winding motor is fixed to the outside of the rotating lug to drive the drum to rotate. A locking lug is fixed in the middle section of the drum, and a cable is wound around the outside of the drum. The middle section of the cable is fixed in the locking lug, and both ends of the cable pass through the bellows and are connected to the piston disc.

[0015] Preferably, the outer side of the end cap is provided with a cover portion covering the breathing port. The cover portion includes a cover plate fixed to the outside of the end cap. A filter screen is provided in the middle of the cover plate, and a vortex-shaped skeleton supporting the filter screen is fixed on the outer side of the cover plate. The negative pressure generator includes a negative pressure pump and an exhaust pipe. The negative pressure pump is used to generate negative pressure in the air chamber, and the exhaust pipe is used to discharge the exhaust gas sucked out by the negative pressure pump.

[0016] The detection method of the detection device includes the following steps:

[0017] a. Start the drive assembly, drive the drum to rotate through the winding motor, and drive the piston disc of the transmission frame to move inside the oil conservator cylinder through the cable to compress the bellows. Then, by actively compressing the bellows, a negative pressure environment is initially formed in the oil storage chamber inside the oil conservator cylinder, which causes some fault gases in the transformer oil to begin to escape.

[0018] b. As the piston disc moves laterally to create negative pressure in the oil storage chamber, the transmission frame moves laterally synchronously with the piston disc. The support section of the transmission frame moves synchronously with the piston disc. During the expansion of the oil storage chamber volume, the support rod disengages from the positioning frame of the multiple sampling sections above. That is, the sampling sections above the oil storage chamber are not supported by the support rod. When the oil storage chamber volume changes, the sampling sections at the corresponding positions above simultaneously descend into the oil conservator cylinder and automatically follow the position of the bellows to realize the insertion of the sampling cylinder into the oil storage chamber.

[0019] c. Start the negative pressure generator and adjust the negative pressure pump to the set negative pressure value to form a negative pressure environment in the gas chamber and sampling section. This negative pressure draws the fault gas escaping from the oil storage chamber in the oil pillow cylinder into the gas chamber through the side hole of the sampling tube and the oleophobic and breathable membrane.

[0020] d. Turn on the light source module and emit a specific wavelength spectrum into the gas chamber. The spectrum interacts fully with the collected fault gas in the gas chamber. Part of the spectrum is absorbed by the gas. The photodetector moves synchronously with the transmission frame, forming a spectral reaction zone with adaptive length between the photodetector and the light source module. The photodetector receives the spectral signal after gas absorption and converts it into an electrical signal. Based on the principle of spectral absorption, the concentration value of the fault gas is obtained.

[0021] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. This invention sets up a drive assembly, a transmission frame, and a negative pressure generator to work together. The winding motor in the drive assembly drives the drum to rotate, and the piston disc of the transmission frame moves inside the oil conservator cylinder through the cable. This improves the bellows of the traditional corrugated oil conservator. The bellows can be compressed to balance the pressure inside the oil conservator cavity. The bellows actively compresses to form a negative pressure inside the oil conservator cylinder. At the same time, the negative pressure pump of the negative pressure generator further enhances the negative pressure environment in the gas chamber and sampling section. The dual negative pressure effect promotes the rapid escape of fault gas in the transformer oil and its efficient entry into the sampling section. Compared with the traditional single vacuum degassing or natural diffusion method, this improves the gas collection efficiency and shortens the detection cycle.

[0022] 2. The sampling section adopts a structure of sampling tube with an outer oil-repellent and breathable membrane. The oil-repellent and breathable membrane covers the side hole of the sampling tube, allowing only gas to pass through, effectively blocking transformer oil from entering, ensuring the purity of the collected gas, and avoiding interference of oil with the test results.

[0023] 3. While the transmission frame moves laterally following the piston disc, it not only generates negative pressure but also drives the photodetector to move synchronously. In conjunction with the support section that bends downward at the end of the support rod, the support section positions and supports the transmission frame of multiple sampling units. It can automatically adjust the position and number of sampling units protruding into the oil conservator according to the changes in the oil storage cavity, and adaptively adjust the distance between the light source module and the photodetector to form a spectral reaction zone with adaptive length. This allows the equipment to adapt to changes in the amount and distribution of gas samples under different working conditions, ensuring full interaction between light and gas and improving detection accuracy.

[0024] 4. Multiple sampling sections extending from the top of the gas chamber are set up. The top of the sampling section is used as a position indicator of the transformer oil in the oil storage chamber, so that transformer maintenance personnel can more intuitively see the amount of transformer oil in the oil conservator. Compared with the traditional transparent observation window, which is easily covered by dirt, the sampling section also functions as an oil position indicator, making it more suitable for outdoor transformers. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a right-side structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the oil pillow cylinder of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the transmission frame of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the end cap of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the driving component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air chamber of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air chamber of the present invention from another direction;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sampling section of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the sampling unit of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is the present invention. Figure 13 Structural cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another aspect of the present invention.

[0041] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0042] 1. Transformer body; 2. Oil conservator cylinder; 201. Mounting hole; 201a. Lower sealing ring; 202. Fixing hole; 203. Oil reservoir; 3. End cover; 301. Rotating lug; 302. Fixing bolt; 303. Breather port; 304. Fixing ring; 4. Drive assembly; 401. Drum; 401a. Locking lug; 402. Rewinding motor; 403. Cable; 5. Transmission frame; 501. Piston disc; 501a. Moving ring; 502. Support arm; 503. Return spring; 504. Connecting cylinder; 505. Support rod; 505a. Support section; 505b. Disassembly / assembly section; 6. Gas chamber; 601. Guide hole; 601a. ​​Upper... 602. Sealing ring; 7. Sliding hole; 8. Sampling section; 9. Sampling tube; 10. Side hole; 11. Positioning frame; 12. Guide rod; 13. Auxiliary spring; 14. Oil-repellent and breathable membrane; 15. Baffle plate; 16. Negative pressure generator; 17. Negative pressure pump; 18. Exhaust pipe; 19. Corrugated pipe; 10. Pressure balance chamber; 10. Covering section; 10a. Cover plate; 10b. Filter screen; 10c. Vortex frame; 11. Light source module; 12. Photodetector; 13. Oil supply pipe; 14. High voltage output terminal; 15. Low voltage output terminal; 16. Oil conservator bracket; 17. Heat dissipation fins; 18. Circulation pipe; 19. Water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0044] See Figures 1-15 As shown, this invention provides a spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting fault gas concentration in transformers, comprising a transformer body 1, an oil conservator 2, an end cover 3, and a drive assembly 4. The oil conservator 2 is connected to the transformer body 1 via an oil supply pipe 13, ensuring that the oil conservator 2 provides a container for the volume change of the transformer oil inside the transformer body 1 due to temperature changes. The end cover 3 is installed at one end of the oil conservator 2. The oil conservator 2 contains a transmission frame 5 and a bellows 9, with the bellows 9 being the core component of the corrugated oil conservator. The bellows 9 contracts to adapt the transformer oil storage space within the oil conservator 2. Both ends of the bellows 9 are connected to the end cap 3 and the opposite side of the transmission frame 5, respectively. The drive assembly 4 is connected to the transmission frame 5 and can drive the transmission frame 5 to move the bellows 9 laterally to achieve compression or expansion. This active compression of the bellows 9 creates a negative pressure within the oil conservator 2. A portion of the transmission frame 5 extends out of the oil conservator 2. An air chamber 6 is located above the oil conservator 2. Multiple sampling units 7, serving as transformer oil fault gas collection devices, are evenly arranged laterally within the air chamber 6. These sampling units 7 can penetrate... The sampling unit 7 passes through the top wall of the oil conservator cylinder 2 and remains in communication with it, so as to facilitate the introduction of fault gas from the transformer oil in the oil conservator cylinder 2 into the gas chamber 6. The gas chamber 6 serves as a spectral detection and analysis chamber for the fault gas, acting as a container for containing and analyzing the fault gas. A negative pressure generator 8 is installed outside the gas chamber 6, connected to it to create a negative pressure environment. This assists the sampling unit 7 in extracting the fault gas from the oil conservator cylinder 2 into the gas chamber 6, facilitating timely collection of the fault gas and improving fault detection speed. A light source module 11 that emits a specific wavelength spectrum into the gas chamber 6 is fixed on the side away from the end cover 3. The top of the transmission frame 5 extends into the gas chamber 6, and a photodetector 12 that receives the spectral signal after being absorbed by the gas in the gas chamber 6 is fixed on the top of the transmission frame 5. The photodetector 12 has an ECU that stores the set spectral information. The photodetector 12 detects the spectral information after the light emitted by the light source module 11 reacts with the fault gas, and compares it with the stored set spectral information data to determine the type of fault gas, thereby reflecting the fault information of the transformer.

[0045] As an optional implementation, an oil storage chamber 203 is formed between the inside of the oil conservator cylinder 2 and the transmission frame 5. The oil storage chamber 203 is used to store transformer oil that is input into the oil conservator cylinder 2 along the oil supply pipe 13. The top of the oil conservator cylinder 2 is provided with multiple sets of mounting holes 201 that accommodate the vertical movement of the bottom end of the sampling part 7. A fixing hole 202 is provided at the end of the oil conservator cylinder 2 near the end cover 3. The fixing hole 202 is used for the installation and fixing of the oil conservator cylinder 2 and its end face end cover 3.

[0046] Specifically, the sampling unit 7 includes a sampling cylinder 701 and an oleophobic and breathable membrane 705. The sampling cylinder 701 is provided with a side hole 701a. The oleophobic and breathable membrane 705 is a cylindrical structure with a closed bottom. The oleophobic and breathable membrane 705 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom end of the sampling cylinder 701 and covers the outside of the side hole 701a. The oleophobic and breathable membrane 705 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and only allows gas to pass through to enter the sampling cylinder 701. The mounting hole 201 is used to accommodate the vertical penetration of the sampling cylinder 701. The top side of the mounting hole 201 is provided with a sliding sealing ring 201a that cooperates with the sampling cylinder 701 to ensure the sealing effect at the position where the sampling cylinder 701 penetrates the top wall of the oil conservator cylinder 2.

[0047] The air chamber 6 is provided with a guide hole 601. A rectangular frame structure and a vertically placed positioning frame 702 are fixed on the top of the sampling tube 701. A guide rod 703 that penetrates the guide hole 601 is fixed on the top of the positioning frame 702. The guide hole 601 provides guidance for the vertical sliding of the sampling part 7. A baffle 706 is fixed on the top of the guide rod 703. The baffle 706 prevents the guide rod 703 from falling downward and disengaging from the guide hole 601. An upper sealing ring 601a that slides and seals with the guide rod 703 is provided at the top of the guide hole 601 to ensure the sealing effect of the gap between the guide rod 703 and the guide hole 601. An auxiliary spring 704 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 703 to keep the positioning frame 702 and the sampling tube 701 pressed downward.

[0048] The transmission frame 5 includes a piston disc 501, a support arm 502, and a return spring 503. The piston disc 501 is movably disposed inside the oil conservator cylinder 2. One end of the bellows 9 is fixed to the movable ring 501a on the end face of the piston disc 501. The support arm 502 extends out of the end cover 3, and the return spring 503 is sleeved on the outside of the support arm 502 inside the oil conservator cylinder 2 to provide the elastic force for the piston disc 501 to drive the piston cylinder to return to its original position. The top end of the support arm 502 is bent upward, and a laterally extending connecting cylinder 504 is fixed on the inner side of the top end of the support arm 502. The end face of the air chamber 6 is provided with a sliding hole 602 corresponding to the connecting cylinder 504. A support rod 505 is provided inside the connecting cylinder 504 and passes through the sliding hole 602 into the air chamber 6. There are two support rods 505. The sliding hole 602 allows the support rods 505 to slide laterally, ensuring that the entire transmission frame 5 can slide laterally synchronously with the piston disc 501.

[0049] The support rod 505 is inserted into the positioning frame 702 to support the sampling tube 701 to move upward out of the inner cavity of the oil conservator tube 2. The ends of the two support rods 505 are bent downward and connected to the support section 505a. The other end of the support rod 505 is fixed to the disassembly section 505b of the detachable connecting tube 504. The photodetector 12 is fixed to the bottom side of the support section 505a to ensure that the photodetector 12 can move synchronously with the transmission frame 5. In the process of pulling the piston plate 501 to form a negative pressure in the oil storage cavity 203, the photodetector 12 can be driven to move synchronously through the transmission frame 5 to change the distance between the photodetector 12 and the light source module 11, and adapt the distance of the light reaction area to the working distance of several groups of sampling units 7 to improve the recognition accuracy of the spectral reaction.

[0050] The bellows 9 forms a pressure balance chamber 901 inside. The end cap 3 is provided with a vent 303 that communicates with the pressure balance chamber 901. The vent 303 is used to ensure that the air in the pressure balance chamber 901 can communicate with the external environment during the compression and stretching of the bellows 9, so as to ensure the smooth movement of the bellows 9. The outer side of the end cap 3 is fixed with a rotating ear 301 that supports the rotation of the drive component 4. The outer circumference of the end cap 3 is provided with a fixing bolt 302 with a threaded fixing hole 202. A sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is provided at the junction of the end cap 3 and the oil conservator cylinder 2 to ensure that the end cap 3 can be tightly fixed to the end face of the oil conservator cylinder 2, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the space outside the bellows 9 inside the oil conservator cylinder 2.

[0051] The drive assembly 4 includes a drum 401 rotatably disposed in the middle of the rotating ear 301, and a take-up motor 402 disposed below the drum 401. The take-up motor 402 is fixed to the outside of the rotating ear 301 to drive the drum 401 to rotate. A locking ear 401a is fixed in the middle section of the drum 401, and a cable 403 is wound around the outside of the drum 401. The middle section of the cable 403 is fixed in the locking ear 401a, and both ends of the cable 403 are wound around the outside of the drum 401 and pass into the bellows 9. Both ends of the cable 403 are connected to the end face of the piston disc 501, so that the take-up motor 402 of the drive assembly 4 can drive the drum 401 to rotate, thereby using the drum 401 to pull the two ends of the cable 403 to simultaneously wind and unwind, realizing the lateral movement of the piston disc 501. The piston disc 501 supports the bellows 9 for compression and extension, thereby controlling the volume change of the oil storage chamber 203. When it is necessary to detect fault gas, the piston disc 501 is pulled to compress the bellows 9, thereby expanding the volume of the oil storage chamber 203, reducing the pressure of the transformer oil, and forming a negative pressure in the oil storage chamber 203. This promotes the rapid precipitation of fault gas in the transformer oil, enabling active sampling and improving the low efficiency of existing equipment that requires waiting for fault gas to escape autonomously for sampling. At the same time, the bellows 9 still serves as a volume compression and change component of the traditional bellows 9 oil conservator. When the transformer oil volume changes due to temperature changes, the bellows 9 passively expands and contracts through the change in the transformer oil volume in the oil storage chamber 203 to maintain the stability of the oil pressure in the transformer body 1 and the oil conservator cylinder 2.

[0052] An outer cover portion 10 covering the breathing port 303 is provided on the outside of the end cap 3. The cover portion 10 includes a cover plate 10a fixed to the outside of the end cap 3. A filter screen 10b is provided in the middle of the cover plate 10a, and a vortex-shaped frame 10c supporting the filter screen 10b is fixed on the outside of the cover plate 10a. The cover plate 10a, the filter screen 10b, and the vortex-shaped frame 10c are all made of metal to ensure the structural strength and durability of the cover portion 10. The negative pressure generator 8 includes a negative pressure pump 801 and an exhaust pipe 802. The negative pressure pump 801 is used to generate negative pressure in the air chamber 6, and the exhaust pipe 802 is used to discharge the exhaust gas sucked out by the negative pressure pump 801. The transformer body 1 is equipped with an oil conservator bracket 16 on the top to support the oil conservator cylinder 2. The oil conservator cylinder 2 and its external accessories are fixed to the upper side of the transformer body 1 through the oil conservator bracket 16, ensuring that the height of the oil conservator cylinder 2 is higher than that of the transformer body 1. This ensures that when the transformer oil undergoes volume changes due to different temperatures, the internal oil pressure can be kept stable through the oil conservator cylinder 2. Specifically, when the transformer body 1 is running, the oil temperature expands and contracts with the load. The oil conservator cylinder 2 can accommodate the expansion or contraction of the transformer oil volume, preventing the transformer body 1 from being damaged due to pressure changes. At the same time, it prevents the oil surface from frequently contacting air, reducing oil oxidation and moisture absorption.

[0053] In addition, the transformer body 1 is provided with high-voltage output terminals 14 and low-voltage output terminals 15 on the top of the transformer body. The high-voltage output terminals 14 are connected to the high-voltage winding of the transformer, and transmit the high-voltage electrical energy after being stepped up or stepped down by the transformer to the transmission line of the external high-voltage power grid. The low-voltage output terminals 15 are connected to the low-voltage winding of the transformer, and convert the high-voltage electrical energy into low-voltage electrical energy after being stepped down by the transformer and connected to the low-voltage power distribution system to distribute the electrical energy to specific loads. The transformer body 1 is provided with a circulation pipe 18 for containing transformer oil. The circulation pipe 18 is provided with heat dissipation fins 17. A water pump 19 is provided at the connection between the circulation pipe 18 and the transformer body 1. The water pump 19 is used to circulate the transformer oil in the circulation pipe 18 to form a heat dissipation circuit connected to the transformer body 1, so that the heat dissipation fins 17 can be used to diffuse the working heat of the transformer oil in the circulation pipe 18 to the outside for cooling.

[0054] The present invention also provides a detection method for a spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting transformer fault gas concentration, comprising the following steps:

[0055] a. Start the drive assembly 4, drive the drum 401 to rotate through the winding motor 402, and drive the piston disc 501 of the transmission frame 5 to move in the oil conservator cylinder 2 through the cable 403 to compress the bellows 9. Then, by actively compressing the bellows 9, a negative pressure environment is initially formed in the oil storage chamber 203 in the oil conservator cylinder 2, which causes some fault gas in the transformer oil to start to escape.

[0056] b. While the piston disc 501 moves laterally to form a negative pressure in the oil storage chamber 203, the transmission frame 5 moves laterally synchronously with the piston disc 501. The support section 505a of the transmission frame 5 moves synchronously with the piston disc 501. During the expansion of the volume of the oil storage chamber 203, the support rod 505 disengages from the positioning frame 702 of the multiple sampling parts 7 above. That is, the multiple sampling parts 7 above the oil storage chamber 203 are not supported by the support rod 505. When the volume of the oil storage chamber 203 changes, the sampling parts 7 at the corresponding position above simultaneously descend into the oil pillow cylinder 2 and automatically follow the position of the bellows 9 to realize the insertion action of the sampling cylinder 701 into the oil storage chamber 203.

[0057] c. Start the negative pressure generator 8 and adjust the negative pressure pump 801 to the set negative pressure value to form a negative pressure environment in the air chamber 6 and the sampling section 7. The negative pressure is drawn into the air chamber 6 by the side hole 701a and the oleophobic and breathable membrane 705 of the sampling tube 701.

[0058] d. Turn on the light source module 11 and emit a specific wavelength spectrum into the gas chamber 6. The spectrum interacts fully with the collected fault gas in the gas chamber 6, and part of the spectrum is absorbed by the gas. The photodetector 12 moves synchronously with the transmission frame 5, forming a spectral reaction zone with adaptive length between the photodetector 12 and the light source module 11. The photodetector 12 receives the spectral signal after the gas absorption and converts it into an electrical signal. Based on the principle of spectral absorption, the concentration value of the fault gas is obtained.

[0059] This invention utilizes a drive assembly 4, a transmission frame 5, and a negative pressure generator 8 to work in concert. The winding motor 402 in the drive assembly 4 drives the drum 401 to rotate, and the pull cable 403 drives the piston disc 501 of the transmission frame 5 to move within the oil conservator cylinder 2. This improves upon the traditional corrugated oil conservator's bellows 9, which is compressible to balance the pressure inside the oil conservator cavity. The bellows 9 actively compresses to create negative pressure within the oil conservator cylinder 2. Simultaneously, the negative pressure pump 801 of the negative pressure generator 8 further enhances the negative pressure environment within the gas chamber 6 and the sampling section 7. This dual negative pressure effect causes the fault gas in the transformer oil to escape quickly and efficiently enter the sampling section 7. Compared to the traditional single vacuum degassing or natural diffusion method, this improves gas collection efficiency and shortens the detection cycle.

[0060] The sampling unit 7 adopts a structure of sampling tube 701 with an outer oil-repellent and breathable membrane 705. The oil-repellent and breathable membrane 705 covers the side hole 701a of the sampling tube 701, allowing only gas to pass through, effectively blocking transformer oil from entering, ensuring the purity of the collected gas, and avoiding interference of oil with the test results.

[0061] While the transmission frame 5 moves laterally following the piston disc 501, it not only generates negative pressure but also drives the photodetector 12 to move synchronously. In conjunction with the support section 505a that bends downward at the end of the support rod 505, the support section 505a positions and supports the transmission frame 5 of the multiple sampling units 7. It can automatically adjust the position and number of sampling units 7 protruding into the oil conservator cylinder 2 according to the changes in the oil storage chamber 203, and adaptively adjust the distance between the light source module 11 and the photodetector 12 to form a spectral reaction zone with adaptive length. This allows the equipment to adapt to changes in the amount and distribution of gas samples under different working conditions, ensuring full interaction between light and gas and improving detection accuracy.

[0062] Multiple sampling sections 7 are set up with the top of the gas chamber 6 extending outwards. The top of the sampling section 7 is used as a position indicator of the transformer oil in the oil storage chamber 203, so that transformer maintenance personnel can more intuitively see the amount of transformer oil in the oil conservator 2. Compared with the traditional transparent observation window, which is easily covered by dirt, the sampling section 7 also functions as an oil position indicator, making it more suitable for outdoor transformers.

[0063] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting transformer fault gas concentration, characterized in that: The transformer includes a transformer body (1), an oil conservator cylinder (2), an end cover (3), and a drive assembly (4). The oil conservator cylinder (2) is connected to the transformer body (1). The end cover (3) is installed at one end of the oil conservator cylinder (2). A transmission frame (5) and a bellows (9) are provided inside the oil conservator cylinder (2). The two ends of the bellows (9) are respectively connected to the end cover (3) and the opposite side of the transmission frame (5). The drive assembly (4) is connected to the transmission frame (5) and can drive the transmission frame (5) to drive the bellows (9) to move laterally, so as to use the active compression of the bellows (9) to create a negative pressure inside the oil conservator cylinder (2). The transmission frame (5) extends out of the oil conservator cylinder (2). A gas chamber (6) is provided at the top. Multiple sampling units (7) are arranged horizontally and evenly inside the gas chamber (6). The sampling units (7) can penetrate the top wall of the oil pillow cylinder (2) and maintain communication with the oil pillow cylinder (2). A negative pressure generator (8) is provided outside the gas chamber (6). The negative pressure generator (8) is connected to the gas chamber (6) to generate a negative pressure environment. A light source module (11) that emits a specific wavelength spectrum into the gas chamber (6) is fixed on the side of the gas chamber (6) away from the end cap (3). The top of the transmission frame (5) extends into the gas chamber (6), and a photodetector (12) that receives the spectral signal after the gas in the gas chamber (6) is absorbed is fixed on the top of the transmission frame (5). An oil storage chamber (203) is formed between the inside of the oil conservator cylinder (2) and the transmission frame (5). The oil storage chamber (203) is used to store transformer oil. The top of the oil conservator cylinder (2) is provided with multiple sets of mounting holes (201) corresponding to the sampling part (7). The oil conservator cylinder (2) is provided with a fixing hole (202) at the end near the end cover (3). The fixing hole (202) is used for the installation and fixing of the end cover (3) on the end face of the oil conservator cylinder (2). The sampling unit (7) includes a sampling tube (701) and an oleophobic and breathable membrane (705). The sampling tube (701) is provided with a side hole (701a). The oleophobic and breathable membrane (705) covers the outside of the side hole (701a) and only allows gas to pass through to enter the sampling tube (701). The mounting hole (201) is used to accommodate the vertical penetration of the sampling tube (701), and a lower sealing ring (201a) for sliding and sealing the sampling tube (701) is provided on the top side of the mounting hole (201). The air chamber (6) is provided with a guide hole (601), and a rectangular frame structure positioning frame (702) is fixed on the top of the sampling tube (701). A guide rod (703) that penetrates the guide hole (601) vertically is fixed on the top of the positioning frame (702). The guide hole (601) provides guidance for the vertical sliding of the sampling part (7). A baffle (706) is fixed on the top of the guide rod (703). An upper sealing ring (601a) that slides and seals with the guide rod (703) is provided at the top of the guide hole (601). An auxiliary spring (704) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (703) to keep the positioning frame (702) and the sampling tube (701) pressed downward. The transmission frame (5) includes a piston disc (501), a support arm (502), and a return spring (503). The piston disc (501) is movably disposed inside the oil conservator cylinder (2). One end of the bellows (9) is fixed to the movable ring (501a) on the end face of the piston disc (501). The support arm (502) extends out of the end cap (3), and the return spring (503) is sleeved on the outside of the support arm (502) inside the oil conservator cylinder (2) to provide... The piston disc (501) causes the piston cylinder to return to its original position due to the elastic force. The top of the support arm (502) bends upward, and a laterally extending connecting cylinder (504) is fixed on the inner side of the top of the support arm (502). A sliding hole (602) is provided on the end face of the air chamber (6) corresponding to the connecting cylinder (504). A support rod (505) is provided inside the connecting cylinder (504) and passes through the air chamber (6) along the sliding hole (602). The sliding hole (602) allows the support rod (505) to slide laterally.

2. The spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting transformer fault gas concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (505) is inserted into the positioning frame (702) to support the sampling tube (701) to come out of the oil pillow tube (2). The ends of the two support rods (505) are bent downward and connected to a support section (505a). The other end of the support rod (505) is fixed with a disassembly section (505b) that can be detachably connected to the connecting tube (504). The photodetector (12) is fixed to the bottom side of the support section (505a).

3. The spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting transformer fault gas concentration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bellows (9) forms a pressure balance chamber (901) inside. The end cap (3) is provided with a breathing port (303) that communicates with the pressure balance chamber (901). The end cap (3) is fixed with a rotating ear (301) that supports the rotation of the drive assembly (4) on the outside. The end cap (3) is provided with a fixing bolt (302) with a threaded fixing hole (202) on the outer circumference of the end cap (3).

4. The spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting transformer fault gas concentration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly (4) includes a drum (401) rotatably disposed in the middle of the rotating ear (301), and a winding motor (402) is disposed below the drum (401). The winding motor (402) is fixed to the outside of the rotating ear (301) to drive the drum (401) to rotate. A locking ear (401a) is fixed in the middle section of the drum (401), and a cable (403) is wound around the outside of the drum (401). The middle section of the cable (403) is fixed in the locking ear (401a), and both ends of the cable (403) are inserted into the bellows (9) and connected to the piston disc (501).

5. The spectral gas concentration detection device for detecting transformer fault gas concentration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end cap (3) is provided with a cover (10) covering the breathing port (303) on the outside. The cover (10) includes a cover plate (10a) fixed to the outside of the end cap (3). A filter screen (10b) is provided in the middle of the cover plate (10a), and a vortex-shaped skeleton (10c) supporting the filter screen (10b) is fixed on the outside of the cover plate (10a). The negative pressure generator (8) includes a negative pressure pump (801) and an exhaust pipe (802). The negative pressure pump (801) is used to generate negative pressure in the air chamber (6), and the exhaust pipe (802) is used to discharge the exhaust gas sucked out by the negative pressure pump (801).

6. The detection method of the detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Start the drive assembly (4), drive the drum (401) to rotate through the winding motor (402), and drive the piston disc (501) of the transmission frame (5) to move in the oil conservator cylinder (2) through the cable (403) to compress the bellows (9). Then, by actively compressing the bellows (9), a negative pressure environment is initially formed in the oil storage chamber (203) in the oil conservator cylinder (2), which causes some fault gas in the transformer oil to start to escape. b. While the piston disc (501) moves laterally to form a negative pressure in the oil storage chamber (203), the transmission frame (5) moves laterally synchronously with the piston disc (501). The support section (505a) of the transmission frame (5) moves synchronously with the piston disc (501). During the expansion of the volume of the oil storage chamber (203), the support rod (505) separates from the positioning frame (702) of the multiple sampling parts (7) above. That is, the multiple sampling parts (7) above the oil storage chamber (203) are not supported by the support rod (505). When the volume of the oil storage chamber (203) changes, the sampling parts (7) at the corresponding position above simultaneously descend into the oil pillow cylinder (2) and automatically follow the position of the bellows (9) to realize the insertion action of the sampling cylinder (701) into the oil storage chamber (203). c. Start the negative pressure generator (8) and adjust the negative pressure pump (801) to the set negative pressure value to form a negative pressure environment in the gas chamber (6) and sampling section (7). The negative pressure is drawn into the gas chamber (6) by the sampling tube (701) through the side hole (701a) and the oleophobic and breathable membrane (705). d. Turn on the light source module (11) and emit a specific wavelength spectrum into the gas chamber (6). The spectrum interacts fully with the collected fault gas in the gas chamber (6). Part of the spectrum is absorbed by the gas. The photodetector (12) moves synchronously with the transmission frame (5) and forms a spectral reaction zone with adaptive length between the photodetector (12) and the light source module (11). The photodetector (12) receives the spectral signal after the gas absorption and converts it into an electrical signal. According to the principle of spectral absorption, the concentration value of the fault gas is obtained.

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