Photovoltaic panel cleaning device and method of cleaning thereof

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic panel cleaning device and a cleaning method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics; the device comprises a shell and a movable shell sleeved in the shell, the shell and the movable shell are both open at the lower end, the movable shell can slide along the shell; a distance adjusting assembly and a cleaning assembly rotatably arranged are arranged between the shell and the movable shell, and the cleaning assembly is located on the inner side of the shell and the movable shell; walking wheels are mounted on both sides of the end of the shell away from the movable shell; and the walking wheels are mounted on both sides of the end of the movable shell away from the shell. The distance adjusting assembly, the cleaning pipe, the cleaning shaft and the walking wheels are arranged, the distance between the shell and the movable shell can be adjusted through the distance adjusting assembly during use, the cleaning brush can be driven to rotate through the cleaning pipe and the cleaning shaft, the cleaning device can be clamped on the photovoltaic panel through the walking wheels and driven to rotate through the second motor, the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned while the cleaning device is walking, and the cleaning efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic cleaning technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic panel cleaning device and cleaning method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that directly converts light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect at the semiconductor interface. It mainly consists of three parts: solar panel modules, a controller, and an inverter. The main components are made up of electronic devices. Solar cells are connected in series and then encapsulated for protection to form large-area solar cell modules. Combined with components such as a power controller, this forms a photovoltaic power generation device.

[0003] In current technologies, to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) power generation, PV panels are generally placed directly in the external environment. Over time, a certain thickness of dust and impurities accumulates on the surface of the PV panels. These impurities affect the efficiency of PV power generation, making regular cleaning essential. Currently, PV panel cleaning is mostly done manually. PV power plants typically have large areas of PV panels, and manual cleaning is inefficient, hindering the widespread adoption of PV power generation. Existing PV panel cleaning devices can only clean a single plane of panels and require manual assistance to move the cleaning device, also resulting in low cleaning efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel cleaning device and cleaning method to solve the problem that some existing technologies can only clean photovoltaic panels on a single plane and require manual transfer of the cleaning device, which also greatly affects the cleaning efficiency of photovoltaic panels.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A photovoltaic panel cleaning device includes a housing and a movable shell fitted inside one end of the housing. Both the housing and the movable shell are open at their lower ends, and the movable shell can slide along the extension direction of the housing. A spacing adjustment component is provided between the housing and the movable shell. A rotatably disposed cleaning component is provided between the housing and the movable shell, and the cleaning component is located inside the housing and the movable shell. Wheels are installed on both sides of the housing away from the movable shell. Wheels are also installed on both sides of the movable shell away from the housing.

[0006] As an improvement, the cleaning assembly includes a cleaning shaft disposed inside the housing and a cleaning tube disposed inside the movable housing; one end of the cleaning shaft is rotatably mounted on the end of the housing, and the other end of the cleaning shaft is provided with a movable groove with a polygonal cross-sectional shape; one end of the cleaning tube is rotatably mounted on the movable housing, and a fixing rod is provided inside the cleaning tube, the end of the fixing rod extending to the outside of the cleaning tube, and the end of the fixing rod located outside the cleaning tube is slidably mounted in the movable groove; when the cleaning shaft rotates, it can drive the cleaning tube to rotate together; both the cleaning shaft and the cleaning tube are provided with cleaning brushes.

[0007] As an improvement, the inner surface of the outer shell is provided with a sliding groove, and the outer wall of the movable shell is provided with a slider that is adapted to the sliding groove, and the slider is slidably installed in the sliding groove.

[0008] As an improvement, the spacing adjustment assembly includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate spaced apart. The first fixed plate is fixed to the outer shell, and the second fixed plate is fixed to the movable shell. A third motor is also mounted on the second fixed plate. A first threaded rod is fixed on the output shaft of the third motor. A limit block is provided at the other end of the first threaded rod. The first threaded rod passes through the first fixed plate and is threadedly connected to the first fixed plate.

[0009] As an improvement, it also includes an adjustable drive assembly mounted on the outer shell and the movable shell respectively. The adjustable drive assembly includes two spaced-apart mounting plates and a horizontally arranged gear rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates. It also includes an electric push rod and a rack fixed to the electric push rod and meshing with the gear. The mounting plates and the electric push rod are fixedly mounted on the end of the outer shell or the end of the movable shell. A vertically arranged vertical rod is driven in the middle of the gear. The lower end of the vertical rod extends to the bottom of the mounting plate. A connecting plate is fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod. The other end of the connecting plate is rotatably mounted with the traveling wheel.

[0010] As an improvement, the gear has a through hole in the middle, a fixing block inside the through hole, and a vertical groove on the vertical rod that matches the fixing block. The fixing block is slidably disposed inside the groove. The upper end of the vertical rod extends above the mounting plate, and a threaded hole is provided on the vertical rod. A second threaded rod is threaded into the threaded hole, and the upper end of the second threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of a fourth motor. The fourth motor is fixed to the top plate above the adjustable drive assembly. The mounting plate has clearance holes that allow the vertical rod to pass through.

[0011] As an improvement, the gear is provided with annular plates on both the upper and lower side walls, and annular grooves adapted to the annular plates are provided on the side of the two mounting plates near the gear. The annular plates are disposed in the annular grooves and can rotate within the annular grooves.

[0012] As an improvement, a vertically arranged rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting plate; the lower end of the rotating shaft is equipped with the walking wheel, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is directly connected to the output end of the second motor; the second motor is fixed on the connecting plate.

[0013] A cleaning method for a photovoltaic panel cleaning device includes the following steps: S1: First, place this cleaning device on the top surface of the photovoltaic panel that needs to be cleaned, and connect the water inlet pipe to the external water supply device; then start the third motor, which drives the first threaded rod to rotate, so that the relative position between the outer shell and the movable shell is adjusted to the target value. Then, the walking wheels at the end of the connecting plate are respectively clamped on the side wall of the photovoltaic panel from both sides. After the walking wheels are clamped, the third motor stops rotating, and the device is fixedly installed on the photovoltaic panel. S2: Then, water is added to the inlet pipe through the external water supply device, so that the water is sprayed into the outer shell and the inner cavity of the movable shell, and the first motor is started. The first motor drives the cleaning shaft to rotate, and the cleaning shaft drives the cleaning pipe to rotate together through the fixed rod, so that the cleaning brush on the cleaning shaft and the cleaning pipe performs a rotating cleaning operation on the photovoltaic panel. S3: Start the second motor. The second motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the walking wheels to rotate, allowing the walking wheels to move on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. By using the rotation of the cleaning brush and the spraying of water, the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned efficiently and conveniently. S4: When the outer casing and the movable casing move to the position of one side of a photovoltaic panel, the second motor stops rotating and starts the electric push rod and the fourth motor on one side. The electric push rod drives the rack to move, the rack meshes with the gear to rotate, and the gear drives the connecting plate to rotate through the vertical rod, so that the traveling wheel on the other side of the connecting plate rotates to the appropriate position. Then, the fourth motor drives the second threaded rod to rotate, the second threaded rod meshes with the vertical rod to move, and the vertical rod drives the connecting plate to adjust the height of the traveling wheel, so that the traveling wheel on one side is locked onto the two side walls of the adjacent photovoltaic panel. At this time, the second motor is started again, and the traveling wheel is driven to rotate by the second motor, so that the device can move to the adjacent photovoltaic panel. By controlling the electric push rod and the fourth motor on the other side, all four traveling wheels can be locked onto the adjacent photovoltaic panel, which is convenient for cleaning the photovoltaic panel. S5: By repeating the above operation, this device can perform efficient cleaning of photovoltaic panels in one direction, effectively improving the cleaning efficiency of photovoltaic panels.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention, by incorporating a spacing adjustment component, a cleaning tube, a cleaning shaft, and wheels, allows for adjustment of the spacing between the outer casing and the movable casing via the operation of a third motor on the spacing adjustment component. This enables the wheels to be secured to a photovoltaic panel of appropriate length. The cleaning tube and cleaning shaft drive the cleaning brush to rotate, which in turn, combined with the second motor driving the wheels, thus enabling the device to move and clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel, effectively improving the cleaning efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. This invention, by incorporating an adjustable drive assembly, a connecting plate, a traveling wheel, and a second motor, allows the device to move to one side of the photovoltaic panel during use. The operation of an electric push rod causes the rack and pinion gear to rotate, changing the position of the traveling wheel. A fourth motor then drives a second threaded rod to rotate, which in turn moves a vertical rod, thus altering the height of the traveling wheel. Combined with this movement, one traveling wheel can clamp onto the side wall of the adjacent photovoltaic panel. The second motor's drive of the traveling wheel enables cleaning operations across the photovoltaic panel, reducing manual adjustments and further improving cleaning efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spacing adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal cross-section of the mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning tube and cleaning shaft of the present invention.

[0016] The components are as follows: 1-Outer shell; 2-Movable shell; 3-Gap adjustment component; 4-Cleaning pipe; 5-Cleaning shaft; 6-First motor; 7-Cleaning brush; 8-Water inlet pipe; 9-Slider; 10-Mounting plate; 11-Adjustable drive component; 12-Connecting plate; 13-Second motor; 14-Rotating shaft; 15-Walking wheel; 16-First fixing plate; 17-Third motor; 18-First threaded rod; 19-Limiting block; 20-Gear; 21-Rack; 22-Electric push rod; 23-Horizontal plate; 24-Vertical rod; 25-Second threaded rod; 26-Fourth motor; 27-Top plate; 28-Fixing block; 29-Vertical groove; 30-Annular plate; 31-Annular groove; 32-Fixing rod; 33-Movable groove; 34-Sliding groove; 35-Second fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example

[0018] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a photovoltaic panel cleaning device includes a housing 1 and a movable housing 2 fitted inside one end of the housing 1. Both the housing 1 and the movable housing 2 have openings at their lower ends, and the movable housing 2 can slide along the extending direction of the housing 1. A spacing adjustment assembly 3 is provided between the housing 1 and the movable housing 2. A rotatably disposed cleaning assembly is provided between the housing 1 and the movable housing 2, and the cleaning assembly is located inside the housing 1 and the movable housing 2. Wheels 15 are installed on both sides of the end of the housing 1 away from the movable housing 2. Wheels 15 are also installed on both sides of the end of the movable housing 2 away from the housing 1.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the cleaning assembly includes a cleaning shaft 5 disposed inside the outer casing 1 and a cleaning tube 4 disposed inside the movable casing 2. One end of the cleaning shaft 5 is rotatably mounted on the end of the outer casing 1, and the other end of the cleaning shaft 5 is provided with a movable groove 33 with a polygonal cross-sectional shape. A first motor 6 is mounted on the outer casing 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 6 is directly connected to the cleaning shaft 5. Preferably, a water inlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the outer casing 1 near the first motor 6; the movable groove 33 has a regular hexagonal cross-sectional shape. One end of the cleaning tube 4 is rotatably mounted on the movable casing 2, and a fixing rod 32 is provided inside the cleaning tube 4. The end of the fixing rod 32 extending to the outside of the cleaning tube 4 is slidably mounted in the movable groove 33. When the cleaning shaft 5 rotates, it can drive the cleaning tube 4 to rotate together; both the cleaning shaft 5 and the cleaning tube 4 are provided with cleaning brushes 7. In this embodiment, preferably, a brush is provided on the inner wall of the movable casing 2 at the position where the cleaning shaft 5 and the cleaning tube 4 are connected. The above technical solution utilizes the cleaning shaft 5 and the cleaning tube 4 to drive the cleaning brush 7 to rotate, which, combined with the brush, enables efficient cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner surface of the outer shell 1 is provided with a sliding groove 34, and the outer wall of the movable shell 2 is provided with a slider 9 that is adapted to the sliding groove 34. The slider 9 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 34. The structural design of the slider 9 and the sliding groove makes the relative sliding between the outer shell 1 and the movable shell 2 more stable.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the spacing adjustment assembly 3 includes a first fixed plate 16 and a second fixed plate 35 spaced apart. The first fixed plate 16 is fixed to the outer shell 1, and the second fixed plate 35 is fixed to the movable shell 2. A third motor 17 is mounted on the second fixed plate 35. A first threaded rod 18 is fixed to the output shaft of the third motor 17. A limiting block 19 is provided at the other end of the first threaded rod 18. The first threaded rod 18 passes through the first fixed plate 16 and is threadedly connected to it. When the third motor 17 rotates, it drives the first threaded rod 18 to rotate. Because the first threaded rod 18 is threadedly connected to the first fixed plate 16, the movable shell 2 moves away from or towards the outer shell 1. The limiting block 19 ensures that the first threaded rod 18 and the first fixed plate 16 remain threadedly connected and do not come loose, thus providing a limiting function. The spacing adjustment assembly 3 can adjust the relative position between the outer shell 1 and the movable shell 2, allowing the device to adapt to photovoltaic panels of different shapes and sizes for cleaning.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic panel cleaning device also includes an adjustable drive assembly 11 mounted on the outer casing 1 and the movable casing 2 respectively. The adjustable drive assembly 11 includes two spaced-apart mounting plates 10 and a horizontally mounted gear 20 rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates 10; it also includes an electric push rod 22 and a rack 21 fixed to the electric push rod 22, meshing with the gear 20. The mounting plates 10 and the electric push rod 22 are fixedly mounted on the end of the outer casing 1 or the end of the movable casing 2. Preferably, in this embodiment, a horizontal plate 23 is fixed on both the outer casing 1 and the movable casing 2, and the electric push rod 22 is mounted on the horizontal plate 23 at the corresponding position.

[0023] A vertically arranged vertical rod 24 is installed in the middle of the gear 20. The lower end of the vertical rod 24 extends to the bottom of the mounting plate 10. A connecting plate 12 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod 24. The walking wheel 15 is rotatably installed on the other end of the connecting plate 12.

[0024] The gear 20 has a through hole in its middle, and a fixing block 28 is installed inside the through hole. The vertical rod 24 has a vertically arranged groove 29 that matches the fixing block 28, and the fixing block 28 is slidably disposed inside the groove 29. The upper end of the vertical rod 24 extends above the mounting plate 10. The vertical rod 24 has a vertically arranged threaded hole, and a second threaded rod 25 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The upper end of the second threaded rod 25 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor 26. The fourth motor 26 is fixed on the top plate 27 above the adjustable drive assembly 11, and the top plate 27 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 10. The mounting plate 10 has a clearance hole that allows the vertical rod 24 to pass through. The above structural design enables adjustment of the height and position of the traveling wheel 15, allowing the traveling wheel 15 to be locked onto the side wall of the photovoltaic panel, enabling the device to move horizontally and cross the photovoltaic panel for cleaning operations, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 5 As shown, the gear 20 has annular plates 30 on both its upper and lower sidewalls. Each of the two mounting plates 10 has annular grooves 31 on its side closest to the gear 20, which are adapted to the annular plates 30. The annular plates 30 are disposed within the annular grooves 31 and can rotate within them. A vertically oriented rotating shaft 14 is rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting plate 12. The lower end of the rotating shaft 14 is fitted with the traveling wheel 15, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 14 is directly connected to the output end of the second motor 13. The second motor 13 is fixed to the connecting plate 12. The second motor 13 drives the traveling wheel 15, causing it to rotate along both sidewalls of the photovoltaic panel and move the cleaning device on the photovoltaic panel, thus improving the convenience of cleaning the photovoltaic panel.

[0026] The method for cleaning solar photovoltaic panels using this photovoltaic panel cleaning device includes the following steps: S1: First, connect the photovoltaic panel cleaning device to the external power supply, connect the water inlet pipe 8 to the external water supply device, and place the device on the top surface of the photovoltaic panel to be cleaned. Then, start the third motor 17. The third motor 17 drives the first threaded rod 18 to rotate. The first threaded rod 18 engages with the first fixed plate 16 to move, thereby changing the relative position between the outer shell 1 and the movable shell 2, and causing the walking wheels 15 on the connecting plate 12 to move towards the side walls on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, so that the walking wheels 15 are locked onto the side walls on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. When the walking wheels 15 are locked, the third motor 17 stops rotating, and the device is fixedly installed on the photovoltaic panel. S2: Then, water is added to the inlet pipe 8 through the external water supply device, so that the water is sprayed into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 and the movable shell 2, and the first motor 6 is started. The first motor 6 drives the cleaning shaft 5 to rotate. The cleaning shaft 5 drives the cleaning pipe 4 to rotate together through the fixed rod 32, so that the cleaning brush 7 on the cleaning shaft 5 and the cleaning pipe 4 performs a rotating cleaning operation on the photovoltaic panel. S3: Restart the second motor 13. The second motor 13 drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 14 drives the walking wheel 15 to rotate, so that the walking wheel 15 can move on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. By using the rotation of the cleaning brush 7 and the spraying of water, the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned efficiently and conveniently. S4: When the outer shell 1 and the movable shell 2 move to the position of one side of a photovoltaic panel, the second motor 13 stops rotating and starts the electric push rod 22 and the fourth motor 26 on one side. The electric push rod 22 drives the rack 21 to move, the rack 21 meshes with the gear 20 to rotate, and the gear 20 drives the connecting plate 12 to rotate through the vertical rod 24, so that the walking wheel 15 on the other side of the connecting plate 12 rotates to the appropriate position. The fourth motor 26 drives the second threaded rod 25 to rotate, and the second threaded rod 25 meshes with the vertical rod 24 to move. The vertical rod 24 drives the connecting plate 12 to change the height position of the walking wheel 15, so that the walking wheel 15 on one side can be locked onto the two side walls of the adjacent photovoltaic panel. At this time, the second motor 13 is started again, and the second motor 13 drives the walking wheel 15 to rotate, so that the device can move to the adjacent photovoltaic panel. By controlling the electric push rod 22 and the fourth motor 26 on the other side, all four walking wheels 15 can be locked onto the adjacent photovoltaic panel, which is convenient for cleaning the photovoltaic panel. S5: By repeating the above operation, this device can perform efficient cleaning of photovoltaic panels in one direction, effectively improving the cleaning efficiency of photovoltaic panels.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel cleaning device, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell (1) and a movable shell (2) fitted inside one end of the outer shell (1). Both the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2) are open at the bottom. The movable shell (2) can slide along the extension direction of the outer shell (1). A spacing adjustment component (3) is provided between the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2). A rotatable cleaning assembly is provided between the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2), and the cleaning assembly is located inside the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2); a walking wheel (15) is installed on both sides of the end of the outer shell (1) away from the movable shell (2); the walking wheel (15) is installed on both sides of the end of the movable shell (2) away from the outer shell (1). It also includes an adjustable drive assembly (11) installed on the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2) respectively. The adjustable drive assembly (11) includes two spaced mounting plates (10) and a horizontally arranged gear (20) rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates (10). It also includes an electric push rod (22) and a rack (21) fixed on the electric push rod (22) and meshing with the gear (20). The mounting plates (10) and the electric push rod (22) are fixedly mounted on the end of the outer shell (1) or the end of the movable shell (2). A vertically arranged vertical rod (24) is driven in the middle of the gear (20). The lower end of the vertical rod (24) extends to the bottom of the mounting plate (10). A connecting plate (12) is fixed to the lower end of the vertical rod (24). The other end of the connecting plate (12) is rotatably mounted with the walking wheel (15). The gear (20) has a through hole in the middle, and a fixing block (28) is provided in the through hole. The vertical rod (24) has a vertical groove (29) that is adapted to the fixing block (28). The fixing block (28) is slidably disposed in the vertical groove (29). The upper end of the vertical rod (24) extends to the top of the mounting plate (10). The vertical rod (24) has a vertical threaded hole. A second threaded rod (25) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. The upper end of the second threaded rod (25) is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor (26). The fourth motor (26) is fixed on the top plate (27) above the adjustable drive assembly (11).

2. The photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly includes a cleaning shaft (5) disposed inside the housing (1) and a cleaning tube (4) disposed inside the movable housing (2); one end of the cleaning shaft (5) is rotatably mounted on the end of the housing (1), and the other end of the cleaning shaft (5) is provided with a movable groove (33) with a polygonal cross-sectional shape; a first motor (6) is mounted on the housing (1), and the output shaft of the first motor (6) is directly connected to the cleaning shaft (5); a water inlet pipe (8) is fixedly connected to one end of the housing (1) near the first motor (6). One end of the cleaning tube (4) is rotatably mounted on the movable shell (2), and a fixing rod (32) is provided inside the cleaning tube (4); the end of the fixing rod (32) extends to the outside of the cleaning tube (4), and the end of the fixing rod (32) located outside the cleaning tube (4) is slidably mounted in the movable groove (33); When the cleaning shaft (5) rotates, it can drive the cleaning tube (4) to rotate together; both the cleaning shaft (5) and the cleaning tube (4) are equipped with cleaning brushes (7).

3. A photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner surface of the outer shell (1) is provided with a sliding groove (34), and the outer wall of the movable shell (2) is provided with a slider (9) that is adapted to the sliding groove (34). The slider (9) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (34).

4. A photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment assembly (3) includes a first fixing plate (16) and a second fixing plate (35) spaced apart. The first fixing plate (16) is fixed on the outer shell (1), and the second fixing plate (35) is fixed on the movable shell (2). The second fixing plate (35) is also equipped with a third motor (17). A first threaded rod (18) is fixed on the output shaft of the third motor (17). A limit block (19) is provided at the other end of the first threaded rod (18). The first threaded rod (18) passes through the first fixing plate (16) and is threadedly connected to the first fixing plate (16).

5. A photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear (20) has an annular plate (30) on both the upper and lower side walls. The two mounting plates (10) have an annular groove (31) on the side near the gear (20) that is adapted to the annular plate (30). The annular plate (30) is set in the annular groove (31) and can rotate in the annular groove (31).

6. A photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the connecting plate (12) is rotatably mounted with a vertically arranged rotating shaft (14); the lower end of the rotating shaft (14) is mounted with the walking wheel (15), and the upper end of the rotating shaft (14) is directly connected to the output end of the second motor (13); the second motor (13) is fixed on the connecting plate (12).

7. The cleaning method of the photovoltaic panel cleaning device according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1: First, place this cleaning device on the top surface of the photovoltaic panel that needs to be cleaned, and connect the water inlet pipe (8) to the external water supply device; then start the third motor (17), the third motor (17) drives the first threaded rod (18) to rotate, so that the relative position between the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2) is adjusted to the target value, and the walking wheels (15) at the end of the connecting plate (12) are respectively clamped on the side wall of the photovoltaic panel from both sides. When the walking wheels (15) are clamped, the third motor (17) stops rotating, and the device is fixedly installed on the photovoltaic panel; S2: Then, water is added to the inlet pipe (8) through the external water supply device, so that the water is sprayed into the inner cavity of the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2), and the first motor (6) is started. The first motor (6) drives the cleaning shaft (5) to rotate. The cleaning shaft (5) drives the cleaning pipe (4) to rotate together through the fixed rod (32), so that the cleaning brush (7) on the cleaning shaft (5) and the cleaning pipe (4) performs a rotating cleaning operation on the photovoltaic panel. S3: Start the second motor (13), the second motor (13) drives the rotating shaft (14) to rotate, the rotating shaft (14) drives the walking wheel (15) to rotate, so that the walking wheel (15) can move on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. By using the rotation of the cleaning brush (7) and the spraying of water, the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned efficiently and conveniently. S4: When the outer shell (1) and the movable shell (2) move to the position of one side of a photovoltaic panel, the second motor (13) stops rotating and starts the electric push rod (22) and the fourth motor (26) on one side. The electric push rod (22) drives the rack (21) to move. The rack (21) meshes with the gear (20) to rotate. The gear (20) drives the connecting plate (12) to rotate through the vertical rod (24), so that the walking wheel (15) on the other side of the connecting plate (12) rotates to the appropriate position and drives the second threaded rod (25) to rotate through the fourth motor (26). The vertical rod (24) moves, and the vertical rod (24) drives the connecting plate (12) to adjust the height of the walking wheel (15), so that the walking wheel (15) on one side is locked onto the side walls of the adjacent photovoltaic panel. At this time, the second motor (13) is started again, and the second motor (13) drives the walking wheel (15) to rotate, so that the device can move to the adjacent photovoltaic panel. By controlling the electric push rod (22) on the other side and the fourth motor (26), all four walking wheels (15) can be locked onto the adjacent photovoltaic panel, which is convenient for cleaning the photovoltaic panel. S5: By repeating the above operation, this device can perform efficient cleaning of photovoltaic panels in one direction, effectively improving the cleaning efficiency of photovoltaic panels.

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