Abs composite material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present application relates to an ABS composite material and its preparation method and application. The ABS composite material comprises the following components in weight parts: ABS resin, plant fiber and anti-carbonization agent. The present application adds a certain amount of anti-carbonization agent to the ABS composite material with a certain amount of plant fiber, so as to obtain the ABS composite material with fiber aesthetic effect and improve the problem of black spots prone to occur in the ABS composite material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering plastics technology, and more specifically, to an ABS composite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] ABS resin (acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer) is a high-strength, tough, and easily processed thermoplastic polymer material widely used in various fields. Plant fibers are bio-based materials; adding them to thermoplastic resins can not only improve the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic resin materials but also reduce the use of petroleum-based materials.

[0003] ABS materials incorporating plant fibers typically come in two types: wood-plastic composites and fiber aesthetic materials. Wood-plastic composites contain at least 50% plant fibers by weight, giving them a natural wood-like appearance, and are generally produced as extruded profiles. Fiber aesthetic materials typically have a lower plant fiber content to create a fibrous surface effect, suitable for use in decorative components.

[0004] However, the parts made of fiber aesthetic materials are usually injection molded. During the melt extrusion or injection molding process, black spots appear because the plant fibers are not resistant to high temperatures, resulting in poor fiber aesthetic effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary objective of this invention is to overcome the problem of black spots easily forming in current ABS materials when plant fibers are added, resulting in poor fiber aesthetics, and to provide an ABS composite material. This ABS composite material incorporates a certain amount of anti-carbonization agent, thus improving the problem of black spots easily appearing in ABS composite materials.

[0006] A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned ABS composite material.

[0007] A further object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned ABS composite material in the preparation of decorative parts.

[0008] The above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] An ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0010] 42-65 parts of ABS resin,

[0011] Plant fiber 4-21 parts,

[0012] Anti-carbonization agent 5-21 parts;

[0013] The anti-carbonization agent is one of a sulfonate compound or a borate compound.

[0014] Studies have found that at the extrusion processing temperature of ABS resin, plant fibers are prone to carbonization, forming black spots, resulting in poor fiber aesthetics.

[0015] The inventors of this invention discovered through research that by adding a certain amount of anti-carbonization agent to an ABS composite material containing a certain amount of plant fiber, an ABS composite material with fiber aesthetics can be obtained while simultaneously improving the problem of black spots easily appearing in ABS composite materials. The principle may be that in the ABS system, specific types of anti-carbonization agents can adhere to the surface of plant fibers at high temperatures, forming a high-temperature protective layer that prevents the plant fibers from carbonizing at high temperatures.

[0016] The amount of anti-carbonization agent should not be too small, otherwise many black spots will still form. The amount of anti-carbonization agent should not be too large, otherwise it will affect the dispersion of plant fibers in ABS resin, and thus affect the appearance of plant fibers on the surface of ABS composite materials, resulting in an unsatisfactory fiber aesthetic effect.

[0017] In this invention, the amount of ABS resin used can be 42, 45, 48, 50, 52, 55, 58, 60, 62 or 65 parts by weight; the amount of plant fiber used can be 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20 or 21 parts by weight; and the amount of anti-carbonization agent used can be 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 or 21 parts by weight.

[0018] Preferably, the ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0019] 42-50 parts of ABS resin

[0020] 5-10 parts plant fiber,

[0021] 15-20 parts of anti-carbonization agent.

[0022] By adjusting the dosage of each component within this range, the resulting ABS composite material exhibits better fiber aesthetics.

[0023] In this invention, ABS resin is used as the main resin, accounting for more than 30 wt% of the ABS composite material.

[0024] Preferably, the melt flow rate of the ABS resin measured at 220°C and 10kg load is 10-40g / 10min.

[0025] Preferably, the melt flow rate of the ABS resin measured at 220°C and 10kg load is 18-39 g / 10min.

[0026] When the melt flow rate is controlled within this range, the resulting ABS composite material exhibits better fiber aesthetics.

[0027] In this invention, the melt flow rate of ABS resin can be measured according to ISO 1133-2011.

[0028] Preferably, the ABS composite material further includes 15 to 30 parts of PLA resin.

[0029] The present invention may also add a certain amount of PLA resin to make the ABS composite material biodegradable.

[0030] Preferably, the melting temperature of the PLA resin (polylactic acid) is 170–180°C.

[0031] Preferably, in the ABS composite material, plant fibers account for no more than 32% of the resin mass.

[0032] Preferably, the plant fiber is at least one of bamboo fiber, wood flour, flax fiber, jute fiber, fruit shell powder, or rice husk powder.

[0033] Preferably, the average particle size of the plant fiber is 50 to 400 mesh.

[0034] In this invention, the average particle size of plant fibers can be measured using a particle size analyzer.

[0035] Preferably, the mass percentage of the anti-carbonization agent in the ABS composite material is 4% to 22%, specifically 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, or 22%.

[0036] More preferably, the mass percentage of the anti-carbonization agent in the ABS composite material is 10-20%.

[0037] When the mass percentage is controlled within this range, the resulting ABS composite material exhibits better fiber aesthetics.

[0038] Preferably, the sulfonate compound is at least one of potassium perfluorobutyl sulfonate, potassium benzenesulfonylbenzenesulfonate, or sodium 2,4,5-trichlorobenzenesulfonate.

[0039] Preferably, the borate compound is at least one of sodium borate, aluminum borate, or zinc borate; more preferably, it is aluminum borate.

[0040] Preferably, the ABS composite material further includes 3 to 10 parts of a compatibilizer, more preferably 5 to 10 parts.

[0041] More preferably, the compatibilizer is a maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-octene copolymer elastomer.

[0042] Preferably, the ABS composite material further includes 0.1 to 5 parts of other additives.

[0043] More preferably, the other additives are at least one of antioxidants or colorants.

[0044] Typically, the amount of antioxidant used is 0.4 to 2 parts, and the amount of colorant used is 2 to 5 parts.

[0045] Optionally, the antioxidant is at least one of phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, sulfur-containing antioxidants, or amine antioxidants.

[0046] Optionally, the colorant is at least one of titanium dioxide or bismuth vanadate.

[0047] The preparation method of the above-mentioned ABS composite material includes the following steps:

[0048] The components are mixed, melt extruded, and granulated to obtain the ABS composite material.

[0049] Preferably, the temperature of the melt extrusion is 200-230°C; the length-to-diameter ratio of the extrusion screw of the melt extrusion extruder is 48:1-65:1, and the main machine speed is 350-500 r / min.

[0050] The application of the above-mentioned ABS composite material in the preparation of decorative parts is also within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0052] This invention adds a certain amount of anti-carbonization agent to ABS composite material with a certain amount of plant fiber, thereby obtaining ABS composite material with fiber aesthetic effect (fiber dots) and improving the problem of black spots easily appearing in ABS composite material. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 The rendering of a color swatch rated "good" for its fiber aesthetic effect.

[0054] Figure 2 The rendering of a color swatch rated as "average" for its fiber aesthetic effect.

[0055] Figure 3 The image shows the effect of a color swatch that was rated as "poor (many black spots)" for its fiber aesthetic effect.

[0056] Figure 4 The image shows the effect of a color swatch that is rated as "poor (fibers not obvious)" for its fiber aesthetic effect. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To more clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes can be made within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0058] The reagents used in the various embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are described below:

[0059] ABS resin #1: Manufacturer: Chi Mei Industrial Co., Ltd., Grade: PA-716, Melt flow rate: 38g / 10min;

[0060] ABS resin #2: Manufacturer is Kingfa Science & Technology, grade is ABS KF-730, melt flow rate is 20g / 10min;

[0061] ABS resin #3: Purchased from Liaoning Kingfa Company, grade KF-718, melt flow index 12g / 10min;

[0062] PLA resin: Manufacturer: Haizheng Biotechnology, Brand: REVODE 190, Melting temperature: 175℃;

[0063] Plant fiber #1: Bamboo fiber, model ZX125, manufactured by Yunding;

[0064] Plant fiber #2: Wood flour, 80 mesh, Yongshun Mineral Products Processing Plant, Lingshou County;

[0065] Anti-carbonization agent #1: Sulfonate compound, potassium perfluorobutyl sulfonate, commercially available;

[0066] Anti-carbonization agent #2: Sulfonate compound, potassium 3-benzenesulfonylbenzenesulfonate, commercially available;

[0067] Anti-carbonization agent #3: Borate compound, zinc borate, commercially available;

[0068] Anti-carbonization agent #4: Borate compound, aluminum borate, commercially available;

[0069] Flame retardant #1: Aluminum hypophosphite, commercially available;

[0070] Flame retardant #2: Alumina, commercially available;

[0071] Compatibilizer: Maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer elastomer, PC-28A, Foshan Nanhai Baichen Polymer New Material Co., Ltd.;

[0072] Other auxiliary agent #1: Colorant, bismuth vanadate, commercially available;

[0073] Other auxiliary agent #2: Antioxidant 1098, commercially available;

[0074] Unless otherwise specified, all components (e.g., compatibilizer, other additive 1#, other additive 2#) used in each parallel embodiment and comparative example are the same commercially available products.

[0075] The performance of the ABS composite materials provided in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention was determined according to the following test methods:

[0076] Evaluation of fiber aesthetics: ABS composite material was injection molded into color samples at 220℃; then the fiber structure on the surface of the color samples was observed under a microscope. For example... Figure 1 As shown, if the fiber spots are obvious and no blackened fibers are observed, the evaluation is "good"; if... Figure 2 As shown, if the fiber spots are obvious and a small number of black fibers are observed, the evaluation is "average". Figure 3 As shown, if almost all the fibers turn black, the rating is "poor," or if no obvious fibers are observed on the surface. Figure 4 As shown, it was also rated as "poor".

[0077] The preparation process of the ABS composite materials in the various embodiments and comparative examples of this invention is as follows: Each component is weighed according to the formula, added to a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly, then melt-extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder to obtain the ABS composite material. The screw speed is 400 rpm, and the main extruder speed is 50:1. The screw temperatures of each section of the twin-screw extruder, from the feed port to the die head, are sequentially set as follows: Zone 1: 200℃; Zone 2: 200℃; Zone 3: 210℃; Zone 4: 220℃; Zone 5: 230℃; Zone 6: 230℃; Zone 7: 230℃; Zone 8: 230℃; Zone 9: 230℃; and Die head temperature: 230℃.

[0078] Examples 1-12

[0079] Examples 1-12 provide a series of ABS composite materials, the formulations of which are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1. Formulations (parts by weight) for Examples 1-12

[0081]

[0082] Comparative Examples 1-4

[0083] Comparative Examples 1-4 provide a series of ABS composite materials, the formulations of which are shown in Table 2.

[0084] Table 2 shows the formulations (parts by weight) for Comparative Examples 1–4.

[0085]

[0086] The properties of the ABS composite materials of each embodiment and comparative example were determined according to the test methods mentioned above, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3 shows the performance test results of the ABS composite materials in each embodiment and comparative example.

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] As can be seen from Table 3:

[0091] The fiber aesthetic effect evaluation of the ABS composite materials in Examples 1 to 12 was generally or well, indicating that adding a certain amount of anti-carbonization agent can improve the problem of black spots that easily appear in ABS composite materials while obtaining ABS composite materials with fiber aesthetic effect.

[0092] Comparative Example 1 had too little anti-carbonization agent; Comparative Examples 3 and 4 used common flame retardants instead of anti-carbonization agents, and the problem of black spots appearing on the ABS composite material could not be effectively improved, so the evaluation was poor. Comparative Example 2 had too much anti-carbonization agent; no obvious fibers were observed on the surface of the ABS composite material, so the evaluation was also poor.

[0093] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ABS composite material, characterized in that, The components include the following parts by weight: 42-65 parts of ABS resin Plant fiber 4-21 parts, Anti-carbonization agent 5-21 parts; The anti-carbonization agent is a sulfonate compound; The sulfonate compound is at least one of potassium perfluorobutyl sulfonate and potassium 3-benzenesulfonylbenzenesulfonate.

2. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melt flow rate of the ABS resin measured at 220℃ and 10kg was 10~40g / 10min.

3. The ABS composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The melt flow rate of the ABS resin measured at 220℃ and 10kg was 18~39g / 10min.

4. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ABS composite material also includes 15 to 30 parts of PLA resin.

5. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant fiber is at least one of bamboo fiber, wood flour, flax fiber, jute fiber, fruit shell powder, or rice husk powder.

6. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ABS composite material also includes 3 to 10 parts of compatibilizer.

7. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ABS composite material also includes 0.1 to 5 parts of other additives.

8. A method for preparing the ABS composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The components are mixed, melt extruded, and granulated to obtain the ABS composite material.

9. The use of the ABS composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of decorative parts.

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