A kind of special equipment for laser detection of loose thickness in road engineering construction

Abstract

The application provides a kind of special equipment for loose laying thickness laser detection in road engineering construction, effectively solves the problem of low efficiency, large error and inability to meet the needs of field construction when measuring loose laying thickness in prior art; its technical solution is to include a housing, a crankshaft in the housing, a disc on the crank pin in the crankshaft, a plurality of connecting shafts hinged around the disc, a plurality of hollow cylinders penetrating through the side wall of the housing, and a square shaft in each hollow cylinder; the connecting shaft has two parts, and the two parts are connected by a bearing; the upper end of the crankshaft is fixed with a horizontal gear ring, and each hollow cylinder is provided with a gear meshing with the gear ring; the lower end of the crankshaft penetrates through the housing and is placed outside the cavity of the housing, and the lower end of the crankshaft is fixed with a plurality of circumferentially distributed push rods, and the lower side of the push rod is provided with a sharp conical protrusion; the upper end of the housing is provided with a spherical shell with an open upper end, and the spherical shell and the housing are fixed together by a plurality of support rods, and the support rods are provided with scale marks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road construction technology, and in particular to a special laser detection device for loose paving thickness in road construction. Background Technology

[0002] The required loose paving thickness is usually assessed and determined based on factors such as the type of roadbed, traffic volume, geological environment, and climate conditions. For example, for large-scale highway or railway projects, the loose paving thickness requirement is relatively high, generally requiring more than 60cm; while for secondary roads or rural roads with lower traffic volume, the loose paving thickness can generally be between 30-50cm.

[0003] In existing technologies, a screwdriver or rebar is inserted into the paving layer, and the loose paving thickness is measured with a steel ruler after being pulled out. This method has significant drawbacks: firstly, the hands are prone to contact with the loose paving material, causing burns (mainly asphalt) or corrosion (mainly limestone corrosion); secondly, it is difficult to ensure the verticality of the rebar. In response, Chinese patent document CN116045825B discloses a method for detecting the loose paving thickness of soil-rock mixed fill subgrade. This method utilizes counterweights of different weights to flatten the area of ​​loose paving to be measured using rollers, and supports the stability of the support frame on the ground. A measuring column is then inserted into the loose paving to measure its thickness. Simultaneously, a laser measuring instrument is used to measure the distance to the floating plate, ensuring accurate data. Finally, the use of measuring columns at different positions ensures the accuracy of the loose paving thickness. While this method addresses some of the shortcomings of manual measurement, significant drawbacks remain. 1. This equipment is not lightweight, inconvenient to carry, and unsuitable for on-site measurement. Before measurement, a counterweight needs to be installed, and the area around the wheels needs to be compacted by repeated back-and-forth movement. Finally, the support plate 32 is lowered by activating the electric push rod 31, and the measuring column 34 is inserted into the loose paving. The floating plate 36 is pushed by the ground plane, causing it to move on the measuring column 34, ultimately achieving the measurement. However, in actual construction sites, electricity is not readily available in most sections, failing to meet on-site measurement needs, significantly reducing measurement efficiency and affecting construction progress. 2. The equipment is inaccurate. When the equipment reaches the measurement location, the area to be measured is located between the two pressure rollers 24. This means that one of the pressure rollers 24 must have pressed over the loose material at the measurement location. As a result, the measured loose thickness will definitely be less than the actual value, and the measurement value will be severely distorted. 3. The measuring column 24 in this device is not necessarily perpendicular to the road surface, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. Furthermore, if the material thickness of the two pressure rollers 24 is unequal at their locations, a height difference will occur between the two rollers 24. This will cause the measuring column 24 to tilt relative to the road surface, leading to inaccurate measurement results. 4. During the measurement process, the measuring column 24 is easily blocked by the aggregate during insertion, resulting in a large difference between the measurement results and the actual situation. Multiple measurements are required, which leads to low measurement efficiency, seriously lags behind construction requirements, and is not conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a specialized laser detection device for loose paving thickness in road construction is provided. This device is adaptable to on-site construction needs, is compact and convenient, easy to carry, ensures the accuracy of measurement results, and boasts high measurement efficiency, thereby improving overall construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a special laser detection device for loose paving thickness in road construction, which effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, large error and inability to meet the needs of on-site construction when measuring loose paving thickness in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution includes an outer casing containing a vertically rotatable crankshaft. A rotatable disc is mounted on a crankpin within the crankshaft. Multiple connecting shafts are hinged around the disc. Multiple hollow cylinders, each corresponding to a connecting shaft, are threaded through the sidewall of the outer casing. These hollow cylinders are evenly distributed circumferentially and are rotatably mounted on the outer casing. A square shaft is inserted into each hollow cylinder, sliding within it. The hollow cylinder drives the square shaft to rotate. The end of the connecting shaft furthest from the disc is hinged to the square shaft. When the crankshaft drives the disc to rotate, the disc, via the connecting shaft, drives the square shaft to reciprocate along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder. A helical component is fixed to the end of the square shaft outside the outer casing cavity. The connecting shaft consists of two parts connected by a bearing; a horizontal gear ring is fixed to the upper end of the crankshaft, and each hollow cylinder has a gear that meshes with the gear ring; when the crankshaft drives the gear ring to rotate, the gear ring drives multiple hollow cylinders to rotate simultaneously through multiple gears. The lower end of the crankshaft passes through the outer casing and is placed outside the outer casing cavity. Multiple levers are fixed at the lower end of the crankshaft in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner, and a pointed cone-shaped protrusion is provided on the lower side of the lever. The outer shell has a spherical shell with an opening at the top. The spherical shell is fixed to the outer shell by multiple support rods, and the support rods are marked with scale markings.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer edge surface of the spiral component is also provided with multiple pointed conical protrusions.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer edge of the spiral component and the lever are provided with multiple blind holes corresponding to the protrusions. The protrusions can slide back and forth in the blind holes without separating from them. A compression spring is connected between the bottom of the protrusion and the blind hole. When the compression spring is not subjected to external force, the tip of the conical protrusion extends out of the blind hole. When the protrusion is subjected to sufficient pressure, it can completely retract into the blind hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the lever is arc-shaped, with one end fixed to the lower end of the crankshaft and the other end gradually moving away from the crankshaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a bearing is installed between the two parts of the connecting shaft, one part of which is hinged to the disc and the remaining part is hinged to the square shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are installed between two adjacent levers.

[0012] Furthermore, a motor is connected to the upper end of the crankshaft, and the motor is fixed inside the outer casing cavity.

[0013] This invention has a clever structure that can adapt to on-site construction needs. It is flexible, convenient, and easy to carry. It can ensure the accuracy of measurement results and has high measurement efficiency, which helps to improve the overall construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top sectional view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A (structural diagram of the connecting shaft).

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram (top view) showing the connection of the crankshaft, lever, and reinforcing rib in this invention.

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of the image.

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of section B in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Depend on Figures 1 to 7The present invention includes a housing 1, inside which is a vertically rotatable crankshaft 2. A rotatable disk 3 is mounted on a crank pin in the crankshaft 2. Multiple connecting shafts 4 are hinged around the disk 3. Multiple hollow cylinders 5, each corresponding to a connecting shaft 4, are passed through the side wall of the housing 1. The hollow cylinders 5 are evenly distributed circumferentially and are rotatably mounted on the housing 1. A square shaft 6 is inserted into each hollow cylinder 5 and slides within the hollow cylinder 5. The hollow cylinder 5 can drive the square shaft 6 to rotate. The end of the connecting shaft 4 away from the disk 3 is hinged to the square shaft 6. When the crankshaft 2 drives the disk 3 to rotate, the disk 3 can drive the square shaft 6 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 5 via the connecting shaft 4. A helical member 7 is fixed to the end of the square shaft 6 outside the cavity of the housing 1. The connecting shaft 4 consists of two parts connected by a bearing; a horizontal gear ring 8 is fixed at the upper end of the crankshaft 2, and each hollow cylinder 5 has a gear 9 that meshes with the gear ring 8; when the crankshaft 2 drives the gear ring 8 to rotate, the gear ring 8 drives multiple hollow cylinders 5 to rotate simultaneously through multiple gears 9. The lower end of the crankshaft 2 passes through the outer shell 1 and is placed outside the cavity of the outer shell 1. A plurality of levers 10 are fixed at the lower end of the crankshaft 2 in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner. A pointed cone-shaped protrusion 11 is provided on the lower side of the lever 10. The outer shell 1 has a spherical shell 12 with an opening at the top. The spherical shell 12 is fixed to the outer shell 1 by a plurality of support rods 13, and the support rods 13 are provided with scale markings.

[0023] In the above, when the crankshaft 2 rotates, the crankshaft 2 drives multiple spiral components 7 around it to reciprocate along the axial direction of the square shaft 6 via the disc 3, connecting shaft 4, and square shaft 6. At the same time, the crankshaft 2 drives multiple spiral components 7 to rotate via the gear ring 8, gear 9, hollow cylinder 5, and square shaft 6. The entire mechanism itself is in a high-frequency vibration state. It uses the high-frequency vibration to enter the soft, uncompacted loose material until the spiral components 7 contact the hard pad. The entire device stops descending. At this point, the lower ends of all the spiral components 7 are in contact with the pad. At this point, it is convenient to take a reading directly or by using a slender rod placed horizontally on the upper surface of the loose material. The measurement results are also reliable.

[0024] Similar to existing technologies, this invention can also use a laser rangefinder to assist in measuring the loose paving thickness. Specifically, a laser sensor can be placed directly below the spherical shell 12, and a horizontal plate can be placed on the upper part of the outer shell 1. The laser emitter is placed directly below the laser sensor. The center of the plate is connected to the top of the outer shell 1 by multiple compression springs 15. The plate is large enough to cover the spiral component 7 below, thus ensuring that when the outer shell 1 and the spiral component 7 enter the soil layer, the plate remains above the soil layer and does not enter the soil layer. During measurement, if the plate is horizontal, the laser sensor can receive a laser signal; if the plate is not horizontal, the laser sensor cannot receive a laser signal until the plate is horizontal. At this point, the distance between the plate and the laser sensor can be obtained. Subtracting the distance between the laser sensor and the plate from the distance between the laser sensor and the bottom of the spiral component 7 gives the distance between the plate and the bottom of the spiral component 7, thus obtaining the loose paving thickness. This result can be verified with the scale markings on the support rod 13 to obtain a more accurate measurement result.

[0025] In order for the spiral component 7 to be inserted into the loosely laid material as quickly as possible during measurement, a plurality of pointed conical protrusions 11 are also provided on the outer edge surface of the spiral component 7.

[0026] In order to stop the spiral component 7 from sinking further when it reaches the bottom of the loose layer, the outer edge of the spiral component 7 and the lever 10 are provided with a plurality of blind holes 14 corresponding one-to-one with the protrusions 11. The protrusions 11 can slide back and forth in the blind holes 14 without separating from the blind holes 14. A compression spring 15 is connected between the bottom of the protrusions 11 and the blind holes 14. When the compression spring 15 is not subjected to external force, the tip of the conical protrusions 11 extends out of the blind holes 14. When the protrusions 11 are subjected to sufficient pressure, the protrusions 11 can completely retract into the blind holes 14.

[0027] In order to allow the loose material under the outer casing 1 to spread out as quickly as possible so that the outer casing 1 can fall, the lever 10 is arc-shaped, one end of the lever 10 is fixed to the lower end of the crankshaft 2, and the other end of the lever 10 gradually moves away from the crankshaft 2.

[0028] A bearing is installed between the two parts of the connecting shaft 4, one part of which is hinged to the disc 3 and the remaining part is hinged to the square shaft 6.

[0029] To increase the resistance to deformation of the lever 10, a reinforcing rib 16 is installed between two adjacent levers 10.

[0030] The upper end of the crankshaft 2 is connected to a motor 17, which is fixed inside the cavity of the outer casing 1.

[0031] The spiral component 7 is made by bending a rigid, slender rod, which has sufficient rigidity and is not easily deformed.

[0032] To address the resistance caused by different loosely laid materials, a counterweight can be placed inside the cavity of the spherical shell 12. This counterweight can be freely selected and can be a liquid, solid, granules, or powder. The advantages of this design are obvious. Since the vibration generated by the crankshaft 2 during rotation may cause swaying, the spherical shell 12 and the internal counterweight can provide good damping, ensuring the overall stability of the device and preventing tipping.

[0033] It is worth noting that a bearing is installed between the disc 3 and the crank pin in the crankshaft 2 in this invention; a bearing is installed between the lower end of the crankshaft 2 and the side wall of the outer casing 1; and a bearing is installed between the hollow cylinder 5 and the side wall of the outer casing 1. All bearings in this invention are dustproof bearings with built-in sealing rings; a sealing ring is installed between the square shaft 6 and the hollow cylinder 5; and the outer casing 1 is in the form of a hemispherical shell.

[0034] In use, place the device at the desired location in the loosely paved layer, then pour counterweight gravel or other materials into the spherical shell 12 to give the entire device sufficient weight. Start the motor 17, which rotates the crankshaft 2. The crankshaft 2, via the disc 3, drives multiple connecting shafts 4, causing the square shaft 6 to move along its own axis. The square shaft 6 drives the spiral component 7 on it to reciprocate, gradually sinking into the soft loosely paved layer. Simultaneously, the crankshaft 2, via the gear ring 8, drives multiple gears 9 to rotate, which in turn drives multiple hollow cylinders 5 to rotate simultaneously, thus achieving simultaneous rotation of multiple spiral components 7. During this rotation, the speed of entering the loosely paved layer is accelerated. During this process, the crankshaft 2, via multiple arc-shaped levers 10 at its lower end, pushes the loosely paved material directly below the shell 1 to the sides. The entire device gradually descends until the spiral component 7 reaches the bottom of the loosely paved layer and contacts the hard pad below. The device then stops descending, and the power can be turned off to take readings. When taking the reading, since the loose material here has been disturbed, it is not accurate to take the reading according to the exposed length of the support rod 13. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, a horizontal slender rod can be used. The slender rod is placed at the top of the undisturbed area and extended towards the device. The scale at the intersection of the slender rod and the support rod 13 in the device is read.

[0035] The pointed cone-shaped protrusion 11 in this invention is telescopic. When the telescopic block is in a relatively soft loose layer, the protrusion 11 extends out of the blind hole 14 and can make the loose layer material even softer, making it easier for the spiral component 7 and the entire device to be quickly inserted into the loose layer. When the spiral component 7 reaches the bottom of the loose layer and contacts the relatively hard pad below, due to the counterweight and the weight of the device itself, after the protrusion 11 contacts the pad, the protrusion 11 is subjected to pressure and completely retracts into the blind hole 14. That is, the protrusion 11 will not disturb the pad, the spiral component 7 will not sink into the pad, and the entire device will stop descending.

[0036] The reciprocating motion and rotation of the spiral component 7 in this invention can ensure that the spiral component 7 is in contact with the upper surface of the pad layer and is not affected by the aggregate; at the same time, because multiple spiral components 7 are in contact with the pad layer at the same time, the entire device is perpendicular to the pad layer, under this premise, an accurate loose thickness can be obtained.

[0037] In this device, the lower side of the spiral component 7 is lower than the height of the lever 10. Even if the loose material contains aggregate, the reciprocating motion and rotation of the spiral component 7 can effectively separate the aggregate and eliminate the influence of the aggregate on the measurement results.

[0038] In this invention, when the lever 10 rotates, the protrusion 11 on it causes the loose material to spread outwards. Then, the excess material is promptly pushed aside by multiple spiral components 7 to make way for the outer shell 1, causing the entire device to descend.

[0039] The spherical shell 12 in this invention serves two purposes: first, to provide counterweight for the entire device; and second, to provide damping for the entire device, preventing it from tipping over.

[0040] The present invention uses vibration to enter the loose layer and then stops descending after reaching the lower end of the loose layer. This can eliminate the influence of aggregate in the loose layer on the measurement and also ensure that the entire device is perpendicular to the road surface, thus ensuring the accuracy of the measurement values.

[0041] This invention employs a measurement method that prioritizes visual inspection and is supplemented by laser measurement. The aforementioned flat plate can also function as a pointer, making it easier to read the scales on each support rod 13 when the plate is horizontal. This method is convenient and practical.

[0042] This invention is lightweight and portable, adaptable to on-site construction needs, easy to carry, ensures the accuracy of measurement results, has high measurement efficiency, and helps improve overall construction efficiency.

Claims

1. A special laser detection device for loose paving thickness in road construction, characterized in that, The device includes an outer shell (1), inside which is a vertically rotating crankshaft (2). A rotating disc (3) is mounted on a crank pin in the crankshaft (2). Multiple connecting shafts (4) are hinged around the disc (3). Multiple hollow cylinders (5) corresponding to the connecting shafts (4) pass through the side wall of the outer shell (1). The multiple hollow cylinders (5) are evenly distributed in a circle. The hollow cylinders (5) are rotatably mounted on the outer shell (1). A square shaft (6) is inserted into each hollow cylinder (5). The square shaft (6) slides inside the hollow cylinder (5). The hollow cylinder (5) can drive the square shaft (6) to rotate. The end of the connecting shaft (4) away from the disc (3) is hinged to the square shaft (6). When the crankshaft (2) drives the disc (3) to rotate, the disc (3) can drive the square shaft (6) to move back and forth along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder (5) via the connecting shaft (4). A helical component (7) is fixed on the end of the square shaft (6) outside the cavity of the outer shell (1). The connecting shaft (4) consists of two parts connected by bearings; a horizontal gear ring (8) is fixed at the upper end of the crankshaft (2), and each hollow cylinder (5) has a gear (9) that meshes with the gear ring (8); when the crankshaft (2) drives the gear ring (8) to rotate, the gear ring (8) drives multiple hollow cylinders (5) to rotate simultaneously through multiple gears (9); The lower end of the crankshaft (2) passes through the outer shell (1) and is placed outside the cavity of the outer shell (1). Multiple levers (10) are fixed at the lower end of the crankshaft (2) in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner. A pointed cone-shaped protrusion (11) is provided on the lower side of the lever (10). The outer shell (1) has a spherical shell (12) with an opening at the top. The spherical shell (12) and the outer shell (1) are fixed together by multiple support rods (13). The support rods (13) are marked with scales.

2. The special laser detection equipment for loose paving thickness in road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer edge of the spiral component (7) and the lever (10) are provided with multiple blind holes (14) corresponding to the protrusions (11). The protrusions (11) can slide back and forth in the blind holes (14) without separating from the blind holes (14). A compression spring (15) is connected between the bottom of the protrusions (11) and the blind holes (14). When the compression spring (15) is not subjected to external force, the tip of the cone-shaped protrusions (11) extends out of the blind holes (14). When the protrusions (11) are subjected to sufficient pressure, the protrusions (11) can completely retract into the blind holes (14).

3. The special laser detection equipment for loose paving thickness in road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lever (10) is arc-shaped. One end of the lever (10) is fixed to the lower end of the crankshaft (2), and the other end of the lever (10) gradually moves away from the crankshaft (2).

4. The special laser detection equipment for loose paving thickness in road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing is installed between the two parts of the connecting shaft (4), one part of which is hinged to the disc (3) and the remaining part is hinged to the square shaft (6).

5. A special laser detection device for loose paving thickness in road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reinforcing rib (16) is installed between two adjacent levers (10).

6. The special laser detection equipment for loose paving thickness in road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the crankshaft (2) is connected to a motor (17), and the motor (17) is fixed inside the cavity of the outer casing (1).

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