Preparation method of high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter material, and preparation and detection equipment

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method and a preparation and detection device of high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: first, magnetic nanoparticles are treated by oleic acid and ethylenediamine; second, carbon nanotubes are oxidized; third, the two are added into PAN basic spinning solution, and magnetic spinning solution is prepared through ultrasonic and stirring; finally, spinning is performed through an electrostatic spinning device, magnetization is performed, collection is performed, and performance is tested. The preparation and detection device is composed of an electrostatic spinning mechanism, a material collecting assembly, a powder feeding mechanism, a transportation mechanism and a detection mechanism, the mechanisms have clear division of labor, the electrostatic spinning mechanism is responsible for spinning, the powder feeding mechanism provides dust, the transportation mechanism transfers filter material, and the detection mechanism measures filter material performance. The device has a clever design of each part, and can effectively realize preparation and performance detection of high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology, specifically to a method for preparing high-efficiency magnetic filter media and preparation and testing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Industries such as metal processing and metallurgy generate enormous amounts of metal dust. This metal dust not only severely pollutes workshop air quality and endangers workers' health, but also poses a significant threat to the production environment and personnel safety, potentially causing explosions and other accidents. Therefore, efficient metal dust filtration technology has become a focus of industry attention.

[0003] Currently, traditional filter media have many shortcomings in filtering metal dust. Firstly, metal dust particles vary in size, with some reaching submicron or even nanometer scales. The limited filtration efficiency of traditional filter media makes it difficult to effectively intercept these tiny particles, resulting in a large amount of metal dust escaping and failing to achieve the desired filtration effect. Secondly, traditional filter media have poor mechanical properties, making them prone to wear and breakage under the scouring of metal dust. Metal dust often has high hardness, and long-term friction can damage the structure of the filter media, thereby reducing filtration performance, shortening service life, and requiring frequent replacements, which undoubtedly increases operating costs and maintenance difficulties for enterprises.

[0004] Traditional methods struggle to meet the specific requirements of filter media for metal dust filtration. Achieving uniform dispersion of nanoscale magnetic particles in the spinning solution is crucial in preparing filter media for metal dust filtration, but traditional processes struggle to overcome this challenge, resulting in uneven magnetic distribution within the filter media and weakening its adsorption and filtration capabilities for magnetic metal dust. Furthermore, traditional testing methods for metal dust filtration also have significant limitations. Because real-time monitoring of performance changes during metal dust filtration is impossible, only post-process sampling inspections are possible.

[0005] With the rapid development of industries such as metal processing and increasingly stringent environmental standards, it is urgent to develop an integrated equipment for the preparation and testing of high-efficiency magnetic filter media specifically for the filtration and purification of metal dust. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing high-efficiency magnetized filter media, as well as preparation and testing equipment. High-efficiency magnetized filter media must possess excellent filtration efficiency, effectively capturing metal dust of various particle sizes, while also exhibiting good mechanical properties to resist the erosion and wear of metal dust. The preparation and testing equipment enables automated production, improving production efficiency, reducing costs, and allowing for real-time and accurate testing of the filter media's performance as needed.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Weigh the magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol and stir. Add oleic acid and ethylenediamine and mix. Place the mixture in an oil bath and stir to react. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature, wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles.

[0010] Step 2: Oxidize the carbon nanotubes using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; the ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to concentrated nitric acid is 3:1. Disperse the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; stir the reaction at 60-80℃ for 2-3 hours; after the reaction is complete, wash with deionized water; then wash with ethanol, centrifuge to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0011] Step 3: Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir well to prepare the basic spinning solution; weigh oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles and oxidized carbon nanotubes, and add them to the basic spinning solution; treat the mixed solution with ultrasound for 45 minutes; place the mixed solution on a magnetic stirrer and continue stirring for 2-3 hours; filter the mixed solution to remove undispersed particles and obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution.

[0012] Step 4: The prepared magnetic spinning solution is spun, magnetized, and collected using equipment for the preparation and testing of high-efficiency magnetic filter media to obtain high-efficiency magnetic filter media, and then its performance is tested.

[0013] Preferably, in step one, oleic acid and ethylenediamine are mixed in ethanol at a ratio of 1:1; the oil bath temperature is controlled at 80-90℃; the reaction is stirred for 2-3 hours; a benchtop centrifuge is used for centrifugation at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min.

[0014] Preferably, in step three, the PAN mass concentration is 10%; the magnetic nanoparticles are neodymium iron boron particles and barium ferrite particles; the mass fraction of magnetic nanoparticles and the proportion of magnetic spinning solution are 1% and 2%, respectively; and the proportion of oxidized carbon nanotubes is 1%.

[0015] Preferably, in step four, the electrospinning parameters are set as follows: voltage is 15-20kV, flow rate is 0.5-1.0mL / h, and spinning winding speed is 10-1000rpm.

[0016] A device for preparing and testing high-efficiency magnetized filter media includes a frame and an electrospinning mechanism, a receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism, a transport mechanism, and a testing mechanism mounted on the frame; the receiving assembly is located between the electrospinning mechanism and the powder feeding mechanism; the testing mechanism is located on the side of the powder feeding mechanism away from the electrospinning mechanism; and the transport mechanism is located below the powder feeding mechanism.

[0017] The electrospinning mechanism is used to carry the prepared magnetic spinning solution and spray the magnetic spinning solution onto the take-up assembly.

[0018] The receiving assembly is used to magnetize and dry the magnetic spinning solution to produce magnetized filter media;

[0019] The transport mechanism is used to cut the magnetized filter material made on the receiving assembly and transport the separated magnetized filter material to the detection area between the powder feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism.

[0020] The powder feeding mechanism is used to supply aerosol dust and collect settled aerosol dust;

[0021] The testing mechanism is used to control the operation of the electrospinning mechanism, to draw aerosol dust from inside the powder feeding mechanism to the magnetized filter material between the testing areas, and to detect the airflow pressure drop and particulate matter concentration in the airflow when filtered through the magnetized filter material, and to provide the test results.

[0022] Preferably, the electrospinning mechanism includes a base, a support, a syringe, a first motor, and a screw; a first linear motion module and a power supply are provided on the base; the support is mounted on the first linear motion module; a slider is provided on the support, and the slider is slidably mounted on the support; the first motor is fixed on the slider; a screw hole is provided on the support to cooperate with the screw, and the screw is rotatably mounted in the screw hole; one end of the screw is driven and connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and the other end is equipped with four magnetic metal clips; the syringe includes a cylinder and a push rod; a rubber head is installed on one end of the push rod, and multiple blades are fixedly provided on the end of the rubber head away from the push rod; the multiple blades are arranged in a circumferential array with the axis of the push rod as the center; the cylinder is fixed on the support; the rubber head is slidably mounted inside the cylinder; the end of the push rod away from the rubber head is driven and connected to the screw through the magnetic metal clips; a nozzle is provided on the cylinder, and the nozzle is electrically connected to the power supply; the distance between the nozzle and the receiving assembly is 10-15 cm.

[0023] Preferably, the receiving assembly includes a first idler roller, a second idler roller, a second motor, and a conductive conveyor belt; the first idler roller and the second idler roller are rotatably mounted on the frame; the second motor is fixed on the frame and drivenly connected to the first idler roller; the conductive conveyor belt is sleeved and mounted on the first idler roller and the second idler roller; an electromagnet is provided inside the first idler roller; the core of the electromagnet is made of stacked silicon steel sheets.

[0024] Preferably, the transport mechanism includes a belt conveyor, a cutting assembly, and a scraper; the belt conveyor, cutting assembly, and scraper are fixed on the frame; the cutting assembly and scraper are located between the belt conveyor and the receiving assembly, the cutting assembly is used to cut the magnetized filter material on the receiving assembly, and the scraper is used to scrape the cut magnetized filter material from the receiving assembly onto the belt conveyor; the cutting assembly includes a cutting frame, a third motor, a gear, a rack, and a cutter head; the cutting frame is fixed on the frame; the cutting frame is provided with a guide groove, and one end of the cutter head is slidably mounted in the guide groove; the third motor is fixed on the cutter head; the rack is fixed on the cutting frame; the gear is mounted on the output shaft of the third motor and is connected to it. The transmission uses a rack and pinion mechanism; the front end of the cutter head has a cutting plane on one side near the receiving assembly and a guiding curved surface on the other side; an adjusting bolt is installed on the belt conveyor; a clamping assembly is installed on the belt conveyor at the end away from the cutting assembly; the clamping assembly includes a second linear motion module, a clamping frame, an electric cylinder, a clamping plate, and an infrared detector; the second linear motion module is vertically fixed on the powder feeding mechanism on the side near the detection mechanism; the clamping frame is fixedly installed on the second linear motion module; the electric cylinder and the infrared detector are fixed on the clamping frame; the clamping plate is fixed on the piston rod of the electric cylinder; there are two electric cylinders and two clamping plates; the two electric cylinders and two clamping plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame.

[0025] Preferably, the powder feeding mechanism includes an aerosol dust generator, an ash hopper, and an ash bin; the ash hopper is fixed on the frame; the aerosol dust generator is fixed on one side of the ash hopper and communicates with the interior of the ash hopper; the ash bin is detachably installed at the bottom of the ash hopper; a first sampling point is provided on the inner side of the ash bin, and a first sampling sensor is provided at the first sampling point; a first opening is provided on the side of the ash hopper near the detection mechanism.

[0026] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes a control console, a ventilation duct, an electric slide rail, and an exhaust pump; the exhaust pump and the control console are fixed on the frame; the lower end of the electric slide rail is mounted on the control console; the ventilation duct is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the electric slide rail, with the front end of the ventilation duct facing the first opening; the ventilation duct is connected to the exhaust pump via a flexible hose; a flow meter is installed at the connection between the ventilation duct and the flexible hose; a second sampling point is provided on the side of the ventilation duct facing the first opening, and a second sampling sensor is provided at the second sampling point; the first sampling sensor, the second sampling sensor, the electric slide rail, the exhaust pump, and the control console are electrically connected.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. In this invention, magnetic nanoparticles are treated with oleic acid and ethylenediamine to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles, which makes the distribution of magnetic nanoparticles in the filter media more uniform. At the same time, neodymium iron boron particles, barium ferrite particles and oxidized carbon nanotubes are added to the PAN base spinning solution in a specific ratio, which not only endows the spinning fibers with magnetism, but also significantly improves the mechanical properties of the spinning fibers, making the filter media more durable and extending its service life.

[0029] 2. The high-efficiency filter magnetization filter material preparation and testing integrated equipment of the present invention uses a magnetic metal clamp to fix the syringe plunger. The screw drives the syringe plunger to rotate. The blades set inside the rubber head can prevent the sedimentation of particles inside the spinning solution, further ensuring the uniformity of the spinning solution.

[0030] 3. In this invention, an electromagnet is installed inside the first idler roller, and the core material is made of stacked silicon steel sheets. This design ensures efficient magnetic flux conduction, reduces the eddy current effect generated when energized, reduces the heat effect, and while magnetizing the high-efficiency filter media, it can also provide a suitable temperature to accelerate the drying of the high-efficiency filter media, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0031] 4. The cutter head in this invention is designed with a flat front and a curved rear. The flat end cuts the high-efficiency magnetic filter media, while the curved end initially separates the cut filter media from the conductive conveyor belt, facilitating subsequent scraper operation. The transport mechanism can accurately transport the high-efficiency magnetic filter media from the electrospinning mechanism to the testing mechanism. Automated transport and positioning are achieved through infrared detectors and clamps, improving the automation level and efficiency of production.

[0032] 5. The control console in this invention, connected to the first sampling point sensor and the second sampling point sensor, can measure the pressure drop during filtration by the high-efficiency magnetic filter media, measure the concentration of particulate matter in the air before and after filtration by the high-efficiency magnetic filter media, calculate the filtration efficiency of different particle sizes, provide a filter media pressure drop curve, and show the relationship between pressure drop and inlet air velocity. This allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the filter media under different operating conditions, providing a scientific basis for the quality control and optimization of the filter media. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an external schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the syringe and its support in this invention;

[0037] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the syringe installation in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber head at the tip of the syringe in this invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first idler roller in this invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ash hopper in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head in this invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper in this invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the belt conveyor in this invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate in this invention.

[0045] in:

[0046] 1. Electrospinning mechanism; 11. Syringe; 12. Support; 13. Base; 14. First idler roller; 15. Second idler roller; 16. Conductive conveyor belt; 111. Rubber head; 112. Blade; 121. Screw; 122. First motor; 123. Magnetic metal clamp; 141. Electromagnet;

[0047] 2. Powder feeding mechanism; 21. Aerosol dust generator; 22. Ash silo; 23. Ash bucket; 24. First sampling point;

[0048] 3. Conveying mechanism; 31. Blade; 32. Scraper; 33. Belt conveyor; 34. Clamping plate; 36. Second linear motion module; 311. Cutter head; 312. Gear; 313. Rack; 331. Adjusting bolt; 341. Infrared detector;

[0049] 4. Testing facility; 41. Control console; 42. Ventilation duct; 43. Electric slide rail; 44. Exhaust pump; 45. Flow meter; 46. Second sampling point. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] A method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Weigh the magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol. Stir, then add oleic acid and ethylenediamine and mix. Place the mixture in an oil bath and stir to react. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature, wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Oleic acid and ethylenediamine are mixed in a 1:1 ratio and added to ethanol. The oil bath temperature is controlled at 80-90℃. The reaction is stirred for 2-3 hours. Centrifugation is performed using a benchtop centrifuge at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min.

[0053] Step 2: Carbon nanotubes are oxidized using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid to improve their dispersibility in solution and polymer matrix. The ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to concentrated nitric acid is 3:1. The carbon nanotubes are dispersed in the mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. The reaction is stirred at 60-80℃ for 2-3 hours. After the reaction, the nanotubes are washed several times with deionized water until the pH value is close to neutral. Then, they are washed with ethanol and centrifuged to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0054] Step 3: Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir well to prepare the basic spinning solution; weigh oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles and oxidized carbon nanotubes, and add them to the basic spinning solution; use ultrasound to treat the mixed solution to ensure uniform dispersion of the magnetic nanoparticles, ultrasound treatment for 45 minutes; place the mixed solution on a magnetic stirrer and continue stirring for 2-3 hours to ensure complete dispersion of the nanoparticles; filter the mixed solution to remove undispersed particles, and obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution; wherein, the PAN mass concentration is 10%; the magnetic nanoparticles are neodymium iron boron particles and barium ferrite particles; the mass fraction of magnetic nanoparticles and the proportion of magnetic spinning solution are 1% and 2%, respectively; the proportion of oxidized carbon nanotubes is 1%, which not only provides magnetism to the spun fibers, but also significantly improves the mechanical properties of the spun fibers;

[0055] Step 4: The prepared magnetic spinning solution is spun, magnetized, and collected using equipment for the preparation and testing of high-efficiency magnetic filter media to obtain high-efficiency magnetic filter media, and subsequent performance tests are conducted. The electrospinning parameters are set as follows: voltage 15-20kV, flow rate 0.5-1.0mL / h, and spinning and winding speed 10-1000rpm.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Magnetic nanoparticles were weighed and dissolved in ethanol and stirred. Oleic acid and ethylenediamine (in a 1:1 ratio) were added, and the mixture was placed in an oil bath at 80°C. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, washed with ethanol, and centrifuged to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. The centrifuge speed was set to 3000 r / min.

[0058] Carbon nanotubes were weighed and oxidized using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a ratio of 3:1. The carbon nanotubes were dispersed in the mixed solution and stirred at 70°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, the nanotubes were washed repeatedly with deionized water until the pH value was close to neutral, then washed with ethanol, and centrifuged to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0059] Weigh out PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stirring until homogeneous to prepare the basic spinning solution. Add oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles (1% by mass) and oxidized carbon nanotubes (1% by mass). Ultrasonically treat the mixed solution for 45 minutes to ensure uniform particle dispersion. Stir the solution on a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours to obtain a homogeneous magnetic spinning solution.

[0060] Electrospinning was employed with a voltage of 15kV, a flow rate of 0.5mL / h, and a spinning and winding speed of 50rpm to obtain high-efficiency magnetized filter media. Performance tests were conducted on the finished product to verify its magnetic properties and filtration efficiency.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] Magnetic nanoparticles were weighed and dissolved in ethanol and stirred. Oleic acid and ethylenediamine (in a 1:1 ratio) were added, and the mixture was placed in an oil bath at 90°C with stirring for 3 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, washed with ethanol, and centrifuged to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. The centrifuge speed was set to 5000 r / min.

[0063] Carbon nanotubes were weighed and oxidized using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a ratio of 3:1. The carbon nanotubes were dispersed in the mixed solution and stirred at 75°C for 3 hours. After the reaction, the nanotubes were washed repeatedly with deionized water until the pH value was close to neutral, then washed with ethanol, and centrifuged to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0064] Weigh out PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stirring until homogeneous to prepare the basic spinning solution. Add oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles (2% by mass) and oxidized carbon nanotubes (1% by mass). Ultrasonically treat the mixed solution for 45 minutes to ensure uniform particle dispersion. Stir the solution on a magnetic stirrer for 3 hours to obtain a homogeneous magnetic spinning solution.

[0065] Electrospinning was employed with a voltage of 20 kV, a flow rate of 1.0 mL / h, and a spinning and winding speed of 1000 rpm to obtain high-efficiency magnetized filter media. Performance tests were conducted on the finished product to verify its magnetic properties and filtration efficiency.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, a high-efficiency magnetic filter media preparation and testing equipment includes a frame and an electrospinning mechanism 1, a receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism 2, a transport mechanism 3, and a testing mechanism 4 mounted on the frame; the receiving assembly is located between the electrospinning mechanism 1 and the powder feeding mechanism 2; the testing mechanism 4 is located on the side of the powder feeding mechanism 2 away from the electrospinning mechanism 1; and the transport mechanism 3 is located below the powder feeding mechanism 2.

[0067] The electrospinning mechanism 1 is used to carry the prepared magnetic spinning solution and spray the magnetic spinning solution onto the receiving component.

[0068] The receiving assembly is used to magnetize and dry the magnetic spinning solution to produce magnetized filter media;

[0069] The transport mechanism 3 is used to cut the magnetized filter material made on the receiving assembly and transport the separated magnetized filter material to the detection area between the powder feeding mechanism 2 and the detection mechanism 4.

[0070] The powder feeding mechanism 2 is used to provide aerosol dust and collect settled aerosol dust;

[0071] The detection mechanism 4 is used to control the operation of the electrospinning mechanism 1, to draw the aerosol dust inside the powder feeding mechanism 2 to the magnetized filter material between the detection areas, and to detect the air pressure drop and particulate matter concentration in the airflow when filtered by the magnetized filter material, and to give the detection results.

[0072] In this embodiment, the electrospinning mechanism includes a base 13, a support 12, a syringe 11, a first motor 122, and a screw 121. A first linear motion module and a power supply are mounted on the base 13. The support 12 is mounted on the first linear motion module. A slider is mounted on the support 12 and is slidably mounted thereon. The first motor 122 is fixed to the slider. A screw hole is provided on the support 12 to mate with the screw 121, and the screw 121 is rotatably mounted in the screw hole. One end of the screw 121 is connected via the output shaft of the first motor 122, and the other end is equipped with four magnetic metal clips 123. The syringe 11 includes a cylinder and a push rod. A rubber head 111 is installed at one end of the push rod, and multiple blades 112 are fixedly arranged on the end of the rubber head 111 away from the push rod. The multiple blades 112 are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the push rod. The cylinder is fixed on the bracket 12. The rubber head 111 is slidably installed inside the cylinder. The end of the push rod away from the rubber head 111 is connected to the screw 121 through a magnetic metal clip 123. A nozzle is provided on the cylinder. The nozzle, the first linear motion module and the power supply are electrically connected to provide voltage for electrostatic spinning. The first linear motion module drives the bracket 12 to move left and right to achieve uniform spinning. The distance between the nozzle and the receiving component is 10-15cm. After the first motor 122 starts, it drives the screw 121 to rotate. Through the threaded engagement between the screw 121 and the bracket 12, the screw 121 and the slider move along the axis of the push rod, driving the push rod to rotate while moving inside the cylinder. The spinning solution inside the cylinder is pushed out from the nozzle through the rubber head 111. When the push rod rotates with the screw 121, the rubber head 111 rotates with the push rod. The blades 112 on the rubber head 111 agitate the spinning solution to prevent the particles inside the spinning solution from settling.

[0073] In this embodiment, the receiving assembly includes a first idler roller 14, a second idler roller 15, a second motor, and a conductive conveyor belt 16. The first idler roller 14 and the second idler roller 15 are rotatably mounted on the frame. The second motor is fixed on the frame and is connected to the first idler roller 14 for transmission. The conductive conveyor belt 16 is sleeved and mounted on the first idler roller 14 and the second idler roller 15. An electromagnet 141 is provided inside the first idler roller 14. The iron core of the electromagnet 141 is made of stacked silicon steel sheets to ensure efficient conduction of magnetic flux, while reducing the eddy current effect generated when energized to reduce the heat effect. This ensures that while the high-efficiency filter magnetized material is magnetized, a suitable temperature can also be provided to accelerate the drying of the high-efficiency filter magnetized material.

[0074] In this embodiment, the transport mechanism 3 includes a belt conveyor 33, a cutting assembly, and a scraper 32; the belt conveyor 33, the cutting assembly, and the scraper 32 are fixed on the frame; the cutting assembly and the scraper 32 are located between the belt conveyor 33 and the receiving assembly. The cutting assembly is used to cut the magnetized filter material on the receiving assembly, and the scraper 32 is used to scrape the cut magnetized filter material from the receiving assembly onto the belt conveyor 33; the cutting assembly is used to cut the completed high-efficiency magnetic filter material, so that the high-efficiency magnetic filter material is connected to the guide... The electric conveyor belt 16 separates and transports the high-efficiency magnetic filter material from the electrospinning mechanism 1 to the belt conveyor 33 of the testing mechanism 4; the cutting assembly includes a cutting frame, a third motor, a gear 312, a rack 313, and a cutter head 311; the cutting frame is fixed on the machine frame; a guide groove is provided on the cutting frame, and one end of the cutter head 311 is slidably installed in the guide groove; the third motor is fixed on the cutter head 311; the rack 313 is fixed on the cutting frame; the gear 312 is installed on the output shaft of the third motor and meshes with the rack 313. The transmission is combined; the front end of the cutter head 311 has a cutting plane on one side near the receiving component and a guiding curved surface on the other side. The cutting plane is used to cut the high-efficiency magnetic filter material, and the guiding curved surface initially separates the cut high-efficiency magnetic filter material from the conductive conveyor belt 16 to facilitate the operation of the scraper 32 in the subsequent process; the belt conveyor 33 is equipped with adjusting bolts 331 to adjust the tension of the conveyor belt and prevent slippage; the end of the belt conveyor 33 away from the cutting component is equipped with... The device includes a clamping assembly comprising a second linear motion module 36, a clamping frame, an electric cylinder, a clamping plate 34, and an infrared detector 341. The second linear motion module 36 is vertically fixed on the powder feeding mechanism 2, near the detection mechanism 4. The clamping frame is fixedly mounted on the second linear motion module 36. The electric cylinder and the infrared detector 341 are fixed on the clamping frame. The clamping plate 34 is fixed on the piston rod of the electric cylinder. Two electric cylinders and two clamping plates 34 are configured. The two electric cylinders and two clamping plates 34 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame. When the infrared detector 341 detects the high-efficiency magnetic filter media, the electric cylinder drives the clamping plate 34 to press down, and the clamping plate 34 presses the high-efficiency magnetic filter media onto the clamping frame. The second linear motion module 36 then transports the high-efficiency magnetic filter media to the designated detection position for testing.

[0075] In this embodiment, the powder feeding mechanism 2 includes an aerosol dust generator 21, an ash bin 22, and an ash hopper 23. The ash bin 22 provides space for dust diffusion and is fixed on the frame. The aerosol dust generator 21 is used to supply dust, is fixed on one side of the ash bin 22 and communicates with the interior of the ash bin 22. The ash hopper 23 is used to collect settled dust and is detachably installed at the lower part of the ash bin 22. A first sampling point 24 is provided on the inner side of the ash hopper 23, and a first sampling sensor is provided at the first sampling point 24. A first opening is provided on the side of the ash bin 22 near the detection mechanism 4.

[0076] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism 4 includes a control console 41, a ventilation duct 42, an electric slide rail 43, and an exhaust pump 44. The exhaust pump 44 and the control console 41 are fixed on the frame. The lower end of the electric slide rail 43 is mounted on the control console 41. The ventilation duct 42 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the electric slide rail 43, with its front end facing the first opening. The ventilation duct 42 is connected to the exhaust pump 44 via a flexible hose. A flow meter 45 is installed at the connection between the ventilation duct 42 and the flexible hose. A second sampling point 46 is provided on the side of the ventilation duct 42 facing the first opening, and a second sampling sensor is provided at the second sampling point 46. The first sampling sensor, the second sampling sensor, the electric slide rail 43, the exhaust pump 44, and the control console 41 are electrically connected. The control console 41 is used to control electrospinning and observe the detection results of the high-efficiency magnetic filter media. By measuring the pressure drop during filtration by the high-efficiency magnetic filter media at the first sampling point 24 and the second sampling point 46, and measuring the concentration of particulate matter in the air before and after filtration by the high-efficiency magnetic filter media, the filtration efficiency of different particle sizes is calculated, and the filter media pressure drop curve is provided to show the relationship between pressure drop and inlet air velocity, and to evaluate the performance of the filter media under different operating conditions.

[0077] Working principle

[0078] The equipment for preparing and testing this high-efficiency magnetized filter media consists of several parts, including an electrospinning mechanism 1, a material receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism 2, a conveying mechanism 3, and a testing mechanism 4. Its working principle can be divided into the following main steps:

[0079] electrospinning process

[0080] After the equipment is started, the electrospinning mechanism 1 is responsible for spraying the prepared magnetic spinning solution onto the take-up assembly through the nozzle. The electrospinning mechanism 1 generates a high voltage through a power supply, driving the nozzle to release the spinning solution and forming an electrostatic field between the nozzle and the take-up assembly. Under the action of the electric field, the spinning solution is stretched and forms fibers. To ensure the uniformity of the spinning solution, the electrospinning mechanism 1 drives the directional output of the spinning solution through the rotation of the screw 121 and the movement of the push rod. At the same time, the blades 112 on the rubber head 111 agitate the spinning solution to prevent particles in the liquid from settling, thus ensuring the uniformity of the spinning solution.

[0081] Magnetization and drying of magnetized filter media

[0082] The receiving assembly is responsible for receiving the electrospinning solution, magnetizing it, and drying it. The receiving assembly conveys the spinning solution to a set position via a conductive conveyor belt 16, while simultaneously magnetizing it with an electromagnet 141, thus giving the spun filter material a magnetic properties. To accelerate the drying process, the electromagnet 141 is designed with stacked silicon steel sheets to reduce eddy current and thermal effects, improve temperature control during magnetization, and ensure the quality of the magnetized filter material.

[0083] Cutting and Transportation

[0084] The magnetized filter media, after being magnetized and dried, undergoes further processing via transport mechanism 3. Transport mechanism 3 uses a belt conveyor 33 and a cutting assembly to cut the magnetized filter media from the receiving assembly and transport it to the testing area. During this process, the cutting head 311 of the cutting assembly precisely cuts the magnetized filter media to ensure an appropriate size, and a scraper 32 transports the cut filter media to the testing area for further analysis.

[0085] Dust supply and filtration

[0086] The powder feeding mechanism 2 is responsible for providing aerosol dust to simulate the filtration effect in an actual working environment. The aerosol dust generator 21 introduces dust particles into the ash bin 22 and diffuses them evenly through airflow. Subsequently, the dust enters the filtration area with the airflow and comes into contact with the magnetized filter media. The magnetized filter media exerts its high-efficiency filtration performance to capture particulate matter in the airflow.

[0087] Testing and performance evaluation

[0088] The testing unit 4 tests the airflow after filtration through the magnetized filter media. The testing unit 4 monitors the airflow pressure drop and the particulate matter concentration before and after filtration using a flow meter 45 and sensors. The control console 41 controls the operating status of each component, collects data, and calculates the filtration efficiency. By measuring the filtration effect on particles of different sizes and plotting pressure drop curves, the performance of the filter media under different operating conditions is tested.

[0089] Results Feedback and Adjustments

[0090] Ultimately, the control console 41 provides real-time feedback and adjusts equipment parameters, such as electrospinning voltage and spinneret flow rate, based on the detection data to optimize the quality and filtration efficiency of the magnetized filter media. The equipment automatically adjusts the operating status of the electrospinning mechanism 1, the powder feeding mechanism 2, and other components based on the detection results to ensure the system operates in optimal condition.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high efficiency filtration magnetized filter material, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Weigh the magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol and stir. Add oleic acid and ethylenediamine and mix. Place the mixture in an oil bath and stir to react. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature, wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Step 2: Oxidize the carbon nanotubes using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; the ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to concentrated nitric acid is 3:

1. Disperse the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; stir the reaction at 60-80℃ for 2-3 hours; after the reaction is complete, wash with deionized water; then wash with ethanol, centrifuge to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes. Step 3: Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir well to prepare the basic spinning solution; weigh oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles and oxidized carbon nanotubes, and add them to the basic spinning solution; treat the mixed solution with ultrasound for 45 minutes; place the mixed solution on a magnetic stirrer and continue stirring for 2-3 hours; filter the mixed solution to remove undispersed particles and obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution. Step 4: The prepared magnetic spinning solution is spun, magnetized, and collected using equipment for the preparation and testing of high-efficiency magnetic filter media to obtain high-efficiency magnetic filter media, and then its performance is tested. The equipment for preparing and testing high-efficiency magnetic filter media includes a frame and an electrospinning mechanism (1), a receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism (2), a transport mechanism (3), and a testing mechanism (4) mounted on the frame; the receiving assembly is located between the electrospinning mechanism (1) and the powder feeding mechanism (2); the testing mechanism (4) is located on the side of the powder feeding mechanism (2) away from the electrospinning mechanism (1); the transport mechanism (3) is located below the powder feeding mechanism (2); The electrospinning mechanism (1) is used to carry the prepared magnetic spinning solution and spray the magnetic spinning solution onto the receiving component; The receiving assembly is used to magnetize and dry the magnetic spinning solution to produce magnetized filter media; The transport mechanism (3) is used to cut the magnetized filter material made on the receiving assembly and transport the separated magnetized filter material to the detection area between the powder feeding mechanism (2) and the detection mechanism (4); The powder feeding mechanism (2) is used to provide aerosol dust and collect settled aerosol dust; The detection mechanism (4) is used to control the operation of the electrospinning mechanism (1), to draw the aerosol dust inside the powder feeding mechanism (2) to the magnetized filter material between the detection areas, and to detect the air pressure drop and particulate matter concentration in the airflow when filtered by the magnetized filter material, and to give the detection results.

2. A method of preparing a high efficiency magnetized filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, In step one, oleic acid and ethylenediamine are mixed in a 1:1 ratio and added to ethanol; the oil bath temperature is controlled at 80-90℃; the reaction is stirred for 2-3 hours; a benchtop centrifuge is used for centrifugation at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min.

3. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the PAN mass concentration is 10%; the magnetic nanoparticles are neodymium iron boron particles and barium ferrite particles; the mass fraction of magnetic nanoparticles and the proportion of magnetic spinning solution are 1% and 2%, respectively; and the proportion of carbon nanotubes after oxidation treatment is 1%.

4. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the electrospinning parameters are set as follows: voltage is 15-20 kV, flow rate is 0.5-1.0 mL / h, and spinning winding speed is 10-1000 rpm.

5. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrospinning mechanism includes a base (13), a support (12), an injector (11), a first motor (122), and a screw (121). A first linear motion module and a power supply are mounted on the base (13). The support (12) is mounted on the first linear motion module. A slider is mounted on the support (12), and the slider is slidably mounted on the support (12). The first motor (122) is fixed on the slider. A screw hole is provided on the support (12) to mate with the screw (121), and the screw (121) is rotatably mounted in the screw hole. One end of the screw (121) is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (122) via a drive transmission, and the other end is equipped with a... Four magnetic metal clips (123); the syringe (11) includes a cylinder and a push rod; a rubber head (111) is installed at one end of the push rod, and multiple blades (112) are fixedly arranged on the end of the rubber head (111) away from the push rod; the multiple blades (112) are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the push rod as the center; the cylinder is fixed on the bracket (12); the rubber head (111) is slidably installed in the cylinder; the end of the push rod away from the rubber head (111) is connected to the screw (121) through the magnetic metal clips (123); a nozzle is provided on the cylinder, and the nozzle is electrically connected to the power supply; the distance between the nozzle and the receiving assembly is 10-15cm.

6. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving assembly includes a first idler roller (14), a second idler roller (15), a second motor, and a conductive conveyor belt (16); the first idler roller (14) and the second idler roller (15) are rotatably mounted on the frame; the second motor is fixed on the frame and connected to the first idler roller (14) for transmission; the conductive conveyor belt (16) is sleeved on the first idler roller (14) and the second idler roller (15); an electromagnet (141) is provided inside the first idler roller (14); the core of the electromagnet (141) is made of stacked silicon steel sheets.

7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transport mechanism (3) includes a belt conveyor (33), a cutting assembly, and a scraper (32); the belt conveyor (33), the cutting assembly, and the scraper (32) are fixed on the frame; the cutting assembly and the scraper (32) are located between the belt conveyor (33) and the receiving assembly. The cutting assembly is used to cut the magnetized filter material on the receiving assembly, and the scraper (32) is used to scrape the cut magnetized filter material from the receiving assembly onto the belt conveyor (33); the cutting assembly includes a cutting frame, a third motor, a gear (312), a rack (313), and a cutter head (311); the cutting frame is fixed on the frame; a guide groove is provided on the cutting frame, and one end of the cutter head (311) is slidably installed in the guide groove; the third motor is fixed on the cutter head (311); the rack (313) is fixed on the cutting frame; the gear (312) is installed on the output shaft of the third motor and is connected to the gear... The strip (313) meshes and drives; the front end of the cutter head (311) is provided with a cutting plane on one side near the receiving component and a guiding curved surface on the other side; the belt conveyor (33) is provided with an adjusting bolt (331); the belt conveyor (33) is provided with a clamping component at one end away from the cutting component; the clamping component includes a second linear motion module (36), a clamping frame, an electric cylinder, a clamping plate (34) and an infrared detector (341); the second linear motion module (36) is vertically fixed on the powder feeding mechanism (2) on one side near the detection mechanism (4); the clamping frame is fixedly installed on the second linear motion module (36); the electric cylinder and the infrared detector (341) are fixed on the clamping frame; the clamping plate (34) is fixed on the piston rod of the electric cylinder; there are two electric cylinders and two clamping plates (34); the two electric cylinders and the two clamping plates (34) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame.

8. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The powder feeding mechanism (2) includes an aerosol dust generator (21), an ash bin (22), and an ash hopper (23); the ash bin (22) is fixed on the frame; the aerosol dust generator (21) is fixed on one side of the ash bin (22) and communicates with the interior of the ash bin (22); the ash hopper (23) is detachably installed at the lower part of the ash bin (22); a first sampling point (24) is provided on the inner side of the ash hopper (23), and a first sampling sensor is provided at the first sampling point (24); a first opening is provided on the side of the ash bin (22) near the detection mechanism (4).

9. The method for preparing a high-efficiency magnetic filter media as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The detection mechanism (4) includes a control console (41), a ventilation duct (42), an electric slide rail (43), and an exhaust pump (44); the exhaust pump (44) and the control console (41) are fixed on the frame; the lower end of the electric slide rail (43) is installed on the control console (41); the ventilation duct (42) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the electric slide rail (43), and the front end of the ventilation duct (42) is set towards the first opening; the ventilation duct (42) is connected to the exhaust pump (44) through a hose; a flow meter (45) is installed at the connection between the ventilation duct (42) and the hose; a second sampling point (46) is set on the side of the ventilation duct (42) facing the first opening, and a second sampling sensor is set at the second sampling point (46); the first sampling sensor, the second sampling sensor, the electric slide rail (43), the exhaust pump (44) and the control console (41) are electrically connected.

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