A multi-depth soil component online automatic detection device and detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-depth soil component on-line automatic detection equipment and detection method.The equipment includes bottom plate, and the lower end of bottom plate is fixedly connected with self-locking universal wheel in four corners, and the rear side of bottom plate upper end is fixedly connected with handrail, and the upper end of bottom plate is provided with lifting mechanism, and the inside of lifting mechanism is rotatably provided with first rotating cylinder, and the lower end of first rotating cylinder penetrates bottom plate, and is slidably connected between bottom plate, and the lower end of first rotating cylinder is fixedly connected with drill bit, and the circumference of first rotating cylinder is provided with first circular hole;Lifting mechanism lower end is provided with first power mechanism, and first power mechanism is used to drive first rotating cylinder to rotate;First rotating cylinder is provided with sealing assembly inside, and the upper end of first rotating cylinder is provided with second power mechanism, and second power mechanism is used to provide power for sealing assembly, and sealing assembly is used to seal first circular hole.The application can detect different depth of soil simultaneously, so that it is more convenient and faster when multi-depth soil detection is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil composition detection technology, and in particular to an online automatic detection device and method for soil composition at multiple depths. Background Technology

[0002] The growth and development of crops is a complex process dependent on multiple environmental factors, and soil, as the foundation of crop growth, has a crucial impact on crop composition. The nutrient content in the soil, such as macroelements like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and microelements like iron, manganese, and zinc, directly affects the nutrient supply to crops. A sufficient and balanced supply of nutrients promotes vigorous growth of crop plants, resulting in well-developed root systems, thick stems, and abundant leaves, thereby improving the efficiency of photosynthesis and laying a solid foundation for flowering and fruiting. Soil composition testing requires the use of a soil composition analyzer.

[0003] Existing soil composition analyzers, due to the fixed probe length, can only detect soil composition at the same depth. To detect soil composition at different depths, it is necessary to manually dig a pit on the soil surface. Although this achieves the purpose of detection, it is labor-intensive and affects the detection efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to design an online automatic detection device for soil composition at multiple depths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an online automatic detection device and method for multi-depth soil composition.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: self-locking universal wheels are fixedly connected to the four corners of the lower end of the base plate; a handrail is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper end of the base plate; a lifting mechanism is provided on the base plate; a first rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged inside the lifting mechanism; the lower end of the first rotating cylinder penetrates through the base plate and is slidably connected to the base plate; a drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating cylinder; multiple first circular holes are opened on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder, and the multiple first circular holes are distributed along the axial direction and circumference of the first rotating cylinder; a first power mechanism is provided at the lower end of the lifting mechanism, which is used to drive the first rotating cylinder to rotate; a sealing assembly is provided inside the first rotating cylinder; a second power mechanism is provided at the upper end of the first rotating cylinder, which is used to provide power to the sealing assembly; the sealing assembly, under the action of the second power mechanism, closes or opens the first circular holes on the first rotating cylinder;

[0006] The lifting mechanism has a support frame at its upper end, and a wireless transmission module is installed at the upper end of the support frame. A second rotating cylinder is rotatably connected inside the support frame. A fourth power mechanism is installed inside the lower end of the support frame to provide power for the rotation of the second rotating cylinder. A third power mechanism is installed inside the second rotating cylinder. A set of ejection mechanisms and probes are provided on the second rotating cylinder at the position corresponding to each first circular hole. The third power mechanism provides power to multiple sets of ejection mechanisms at the same time, and ejects the corresponding probes out of the first rotating cylinder through the first circular holes via the ejection mechanisms. All sets of probes transmit detection signals through the wireless transmission module.

[0007] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The lifting mechanism includes a first servo motor, a first guide rod, a moving plate, a first connecting plate, and a lead screw. The first connecting plate is located at the top of the first rotating cylinder and is parallel to the bottom plate. The first connecting plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected by two first guide rods. The lead screw is rotatably connected between the bottom plate and the first connecting plate, and the lead screw and the two first guide rods are evenly distributed around the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5. The moving plate is located between the first connecting plate and the bottom plate. The moving plate is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder and is rotatably connected to the first rotating cylinder through a conductive slip ring. A threaded hole is provided on the moving plate at the position corresponding to the lead screw, and guide holes are provided on the moving plate at the positions corresponding to the two first guide rods. The moving plate is slidably connected to the lead screw. The first servo motor is fixed at the bottom end of the bottom plate 1, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw. A support frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving plate.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The first circular hole has multiple rings, which are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder. Each ring includes 3 to 6 first circular holes, and these 3 to 6 holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5. The positions of the multiple rings of first circular holes correspond to each other, forming a series of circular holes arranged in a straight line on the outside of the first rotating cylinder. The sealing assembly has multiple sets, each set arranged along each row of first circular holes. Each set includes a first threaded rod and a sealing plate. The sealing plate is slidably connected to the inside of the first rotating cylinder, and its vertical surface has multiple second circular holes corresponding to the first circular holes. The first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper end of the first rotating cylinder, and is threadedly connected to the sealing plate. The second power mechanism is connected to the first threaded rod of each set of sealing assemblies via a transmission mechanism, and controls the rotation of the first threaded rod of each set of sealing assemblies, causing the sealing plate to move up and down to open or close the first circular hole.

[0009] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The ejection mechanism includes a support frame, a second threaded rod, a movable block, a fixed cylinder, a limiting hole, and a limiting block. The support frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second rotating cylinder, and the second threaded rod is rotatably connected inside the support frame. The movable block is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second threaded rod. The fixed cylinder is fixedly connected inside the second rotating cylinder, and the movable block is located inside the fixed cylinder and slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. The movable block is fixedly connected to the probe. A limiting hole is formed on the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder, and a limiting block is slidably connected inside the limiting hole. The limiting block is fixedly connected to the movable block.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the first power mechanism includes a second servo motor, a first gear and a first ring gear. The upper end of the moving plate is fixedly connected to the second servo motor, the output end of the second servo motor passes through the lower end of the moving plate and is rotatably connected to the moving plate, and the output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to the first gear. The circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to the first ring gear, and the first ring gear meshes with the first gear.

[0011] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the fourth power mechanism includes a fifth servo motor, a fourth gear, and a fourth ring gear. The fifth servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame. The output end of the fifth servo motor passes through the lower end of the support frame and is rotatably connected to the support frame. The output end of the fifth servo motor is fixedly connected to the fourth gear. The fourth ring gear is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder, and the fourth ring gear meshes with the fourth gear.

[0012] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The second power mechanism includes a mounting frame, a third servo motor, a second gear, a rotating ring, a second annular gear, a third annular gear, and a third gear. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder. The third servo motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting frame. The output end of the third servo motor passes through the upper end of the mounting frame and is rotatably connected to the mounting frame. The output end of the third servo motor is fixedly connected to the second gear. A rotating ring is rotatably connected to the upper circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder. A second annular gear is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating ring, and the second annular gear meshes with the second gear. A third annular gear is fixedly connected inside the rotating ring. A third gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first threaded rod of each sealing assembly, and the third gear meshes with the third annular gear.

[0013] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The detection equipment further includes a positioning mechanism matching the number of sealing components. The positioning mechanism is arranged around the upper end of the first rotating cylinder and corresponds one-to-one with multiple sets of sealing components. The positioning mechanism includes a fixed plate, a second guide rod, a compression spring, a second connecting plate, a sliding block, a positioning rod, a disc, and a positioning groove. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the fixed plate on its vertical surface. A square hole is opened on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder. The fixed plate is located inside the square hole and is slidably connected to the square hole. The upper end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the second guide rod. The upper end of the second guide rod is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate. A positioning rod is slidably connected inside the second connecting plate. A sliding block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning rod. The sliding block is slidably connected to the second guide rod. A compression spring is provided on the circumferential surface of the second guide rod. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. A disc is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder. A positioning groove is opened on the lower end surface of the disc. The positioning groove cooperates with the positioning rod.

[0014] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The third power mechanism includes a fourth servo motor, a rotating shaft, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the second rotating cylinder. The first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of each set of ejection mechanisms. The second bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second threaded rod of each set of ejection mechanisms near the rotating shaft, and the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. The fourth servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rotating cylinder, and the output end of the fourth servo motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for online automatic detection of soil components at multiple depths, using the aforementioned online automatic detection equipment for soil components at multiple depths, specifically including the following steps:

[0016] S1: Transfer the device to the farmland to be tested;

[0017] S2: The first power mechanism and the lifting mechanism work simultaneously, and with the help of the drill bit, the first rotating cylinder is driven deep into the soil. During the process of the first rotating cylinder being driven deep into the soil, the sealing component seals the first circular hole.

[0018] S3: After the first rotating cylinder is fully inserted into the soil, the second power mechanism drives the sealing assembly to move and open the first circular hole;

[0019] S4: The third power mechanism provides power to the ejection mechanism, which pushes the probe out of the first rotating cylinder and inserts it into the soil. Since the first circular holes are distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder, and each first circular hole is equipped with a set of ejection mechanisms and probes, it is possible to detect soil at different depths simultaneously.

[0020] S5: The data detected by the probe is transmitted outward through the wireless transmission module.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention sets up a lifting mechanism, a first rotating cylinder, a second rotating cylinder, a first power mechanism, a drill bit, a third power mechanism, an ejection mechanism, and a probe. When conducting soil composition testing, the lifting mechanism and the first power mechanism work simultaneously. With the help of the drill bit, the first rotating cylinder can easily penetrate into the soil. After the first rotating cylinder penetrates into the soil, the third power mechanism works, which provides power to the ejection mechanism. Then, under the action of the ejection mechanism, the probe can be pushed out of the first rotating cylinder and inserted into the soil. Since there are multiple sets of ejection mechanisms and they are vertically distributed, soil at different depths can be tested simultaneously, making it more convenient and faster to conduct multi-depth soil testing.

[0023] (2) By setting a first threaded rod, a sealing plate and a second circular hole, the first threaded rod rotates when the first rotating cylinder goes deep into the soil. At this time, the sealing plate moves down, so that the second circular hole is completely offset from the first circular hole. This achieves the purpose of sealing and prevents the soil from entering the first rotating cylinder through the first circular hole during the process of the first rotating cylinder going deep into the soil, thereby improving the accuracy of detection.

[0024] (3) The present invention, by setting a fixed plate, a second guide rod, a compression spring, a second connecting plate, a sliding block, a positioning rod, a disc, and a positioning groove, allows the sealing plate to move upward during testing, causing the second circular hole to coincide with the first circular hole. During the upward movement of the sealing plate, when the positioning rod contacts the disc, the moving block moves downward on the second guide rod as the sealing plate moves upward, thereby compressing the compression spring. Then, the fourth power mechanism works, driving the second rotating cylinder to rotate, which in turn drives the disc to rotate. When the positioning groove coincides with the positioning rod, the positioning rod can be easily inserted into the positioning groove under the action of the compression spring, achieving the purpose of positioning. This makes the ejection mechanism correspond to the first circular hole, thus facilitating the ejection mechanism to eject the probe from the first rotating cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first-view perspective;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention from a second perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention from a third-person perspective;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of section C;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of section D in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of section E in the middle;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ejection mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Legend: 1. Base plate; 2. Self-locking caster wheel; 3. Handrail; 4. Lifting mechanism; 401. First servo motor; 402. First guide rod; 403. Moving plate; 404. First connecting plate; 405. Lead screw; 5. First rotating cylinder; 6. First power mechanism; 601. Second servo motor; 602. First gear; 603. First ring gear; 7. First circular hole; 8. Positioning mechanism; 801. Fixed plate; 802. Second guide rod; 803. Compression spring; 804. Second connecting plate; 805. Sliding block; 806. Positioning rod; 807. Disc; 808. Positioning groove; 9. Second power mechanism; 901. Mounting bracket; 902. Third servo motor; 903. Second gear; 904. Rotating ring; 905. Second ring gear ; 906, Third ring gear; 907, Third gear; 10, Second rotating cylinder; 11, Third power mechanism; 1101, Fourth servo motor; 1102, Rotating shaft; 1103, First bevel gear; 1104, Second bevel gear; 12, Fourth power mechanism; 1201, Fifth servo motor; 1202, Fourth gear; 1203, Fourth ring gear; 13, Sealing assembly; 1301, First threaded rod; 1302, Sealing plate; 1303, Second circular hole; 14, Push-out mechanism; 1401, Support frame; 1402, Second threaded rod; 1403, Moving block; 1404, Fixed cylinder; 1405, Limiting hole; 1406, Limiting block; 15, Probe; 16, Conductive slip ring; 17, Square hole; 18, Drill bit; 19, Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1 provides an online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition, referring to... Figure 1-11 As shown, the system includes a base plate 1, with self-locking casters 2 fixedly connected to the four corners of the lower end of the base plate 1. A handrail 3 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper end of the base plate 1. A lifting mechanism 4 is provided at the upper end of the base plate 1. A first rotating cylinder 5 is rotatably installed inside the lifting mechanism 4. The lower end of the first rotating cylinder 5 passes through the base plate 1 and is slidably connected to the base plate 1. A drill bit 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating cylinder 5. A first circular hole 7 is opened on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5. The first circular hole 7 has multiple rings, and the multiple rings of the first circular hole 7 are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder 5. Each ring includes 3 to 6 first circular holes 7, with 3 shown in the attached diagram of the embodiment. The 3 to 6 first circular holes 7 in each ring are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the positions of the first circular holes 7 in multiple rings correspond to each other. The shape of the first rotating cylinder 5 consists of multiple rows of circular holes arranged in a straight line. The lower end of the lifting mechanism 4 is provided with a first power mechanism 6, which is used to drive the first rotating cylinder 5 to rotate. The first rotating cylinder 5 is provided with multiple sets of sealing components 13, and the number of sealing components 13 matches the number of rows of first circular holes 7. Each set of sealing components 13 is arranged along each column of first circular holes 7. A second power mechanism 9 is provided at the upper end of the first rotating cylinder 5. The second power mechanism 9 is used to provide power to multiple sets of sealing components 13. The sealing components 13 are used to seal the first circular holes 7. A support frame 19 is provided at the upper end of the lifting mechanism 4. A wireless transmission module is installed at the upper end of the support frame 19. A second rotating cylinder 10 is rotatably connected inside the support frame 19. A third power mechanism 11 is provided inside the second rotating cylinder 10. A push-out mechanism 14 and a probe 15 are provided on the circumference of the second rotating cylinder 10. The probe 15 corresponds to the first circular hole 7. The second rotating cylinder 10 is connected to the probe 15 through the push-out mechanism 14. The third power mechanism 11 is used to provide power to the push-out mechanism 14. A fourth power mechanism 12 is provided inside the lower end of the support frame 19. The fourth power mechanism 12 is used to provide power to rotate the second rotating cylinder 10. The detection device also includes a positioning mechanism 8 matching the number of sealing components 13. Multiple positioning mechanisms 8 are arranged around the upper end of the first rotating cylinder 5, and each of the multiple positioning mechanisms 8 corresponds to a single sealing component 13.

[0039] In use, pushing the handle 3, with the help of the self-locking casters 2, allows the device to be moved to the farmland to be tested. Then, while the lifting mechanism 4 descends, the first power mechanism 6 also operates. At this time, with the help of the drill bit 18, the first rotating cylinder 5 can easily penetrate into the soil. After the first rotating cylinder 5 penetrates into the soil, the second power mechanism 9 rotates forward, causing the sealing component 13 to open. After the sealing component 13 opens, the fourth power mechanism 12 operates, driving the second rotating cylinder 10 to rotate. With the help of the positioning mechanism 8, the ejection mechanism 14 can be aligned with the first circular hole 7. After the ejection mechanism 14 is aligned with the first circular hole 7, the fourth power mechanism 12 stops operating, and then the third power mechanism 11 operates, providing power to the ejection mechanism 14. Under the action of the ejection mechanism 14, the probe 15 can be extended out of the first circular cylinder and inserted into the soil. Since the probe 15 is an integrated GNSS positioning electrode array probe, the soil composition data and the coordinates of the farmland can be uploaded to the relevant platform through the wireless transmission module, thereby realizing automated detection of soil composition data.

[0040] Example 1 provides an online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the lifting mechanism 4 includes a first servo motor 401, a first guide rod 402, a moving plate 403, a first connecting plate 404, and a lead screw 405. The first connecting plate 404 is located at the top of the first rotating cylinder 5 and is parallel to the base plate 1. The first connecting plate 404 and the base plate 1 are fixedly connected by two first guide rods 402. The lead screw 405 is rotatably connected between the base plate 1 and the first connecting plate 404, and the lead screw 405 and the two first guide rods 402 are evenly distributed outside the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5. The moving plate 403 is located at... Between the first connecting plate 404 and the base plate 1, a movable plate 403 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder 5 and rotatably connected to the first rotating cylinder 5 through a conductive slip ring 16. A threaded hole is provided on the movable plate 403 corresponding to the position of the lead screw 405, and guide holes are provided on the movable plate 403 corresponding to the positions of the two first guide rods 402. The movable plate 403 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 405 and slidably connected to the two first guide rods 402. The first servo motor 401 is fixed to the bottom end of the base plate 1, and the output shaft of the first servo motor 401 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 405. During operation, by operating the first servo motor 401, the movable plate 403 can be driven to slide on the first guide rod 405 with the cooperation of the lead screw 405, thereby driving the first rotating cylinder 5 to move downwards, thus facilitating the first rotating cylinder 5 to penetrate deeper into the soil.

[0041] In Example 1, as Figure 1As shown, the first power mechanism 6 is mounted on the movable plate 403, as... Figure 6 As shown, the first power mechanism 6 includes a second servo motor 601, a first gear 602, and a first ring gear 603. The second servo motor 601 is fixed to the upper end of the moving plate 403, and the output end of the second servo motor 601 passes through the lower end of the moving plate 403 and is rotatably connected to the moving plate 403. The output end of the second servo motor 601 is fixedly connected to the first gear 602. The first ring gear 603 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5. The first ring gear 603 meshes with the first gear 602. When working, the second servo motor 601 works, and at this time, with the cooperation of the first gear 602 and the first ring gear 603, the first rotating cylinder 5 can be driven to rotate, and then with the cooperation of the drill bit 18, the first rotating cylinder 5 can easily penetrate into the soil.

[0042] In Example 1, as Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the sealing assembly 13 includes a first threaded rod 1301 and a sealing plate 1302. The sealing plate 1302 is slidably connected inside the first rotating cylinder 5. Multiple second circular holes 1303 are formed on the vertical surface of the sealing plate 1302, each corresponding to a first circular hole 7. The first threaded rod 1301 is rotatably connected inside the upper end of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the first threaded rod 1301 is threadedly connected to the sealing plate 1302. During operation, in the initial state... The second circular hole 1303 of the sealing plate 1302 is completely offset from the first circular hole 7, so the sealing plate 1302 plays a sealing role, effectively preventing soil from entering the first rotating cylinder 5 through the first circular hole 7 during the process of the first rotating cylinder 5 penetrating into the soil, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection. When in the detection state, the first threaded rod 1301 rotates forward, which can drive the sealing plate 1302 to move upward, so that the second circular hole 1303 coincides with the first circular hole 7, which makes it easier for the probe 15 to extend out of the first circular cylinder.

[0043] In Example 1, as Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the second power mechanism 9 includes a mounting frame 901, a third servo motor 902, a second gear 903, a rotating ring 904, a second ring gear 905, a third ring gear 906, and a third gear 907. The mounting frame 901 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5. The third servo motor 902 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting frame 901. The output end of the third servo motor 902 passes through the upper end of the mounting frame 901 and is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 901. The output end of the third servo motor 902 is fixedly connected to the second gear 903. The rotating ring 904 is rotatably connected to the upper circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5. The second ring gear 905 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating ring 904. The second ring gear 905 meshes with the second gear 903. The third ring gear 906 is fixedly connected inside the rotating ring 904. The third gear 907 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first threaded rod 1301. The third gear 907 meshes with the third ring gear 906. During operation, the third servo motor 902 operates. With the cooperation of the second gear 903, rotating ring 904, second ring gear 905, third ring gear 906, and third gear 907, the first threaded rod 1301 can be driven to rotate. When the first threaded rod 1301 rotates forward, it can drive the sealing plate 1302 to move upward, thereby achieving the purpose of opening. When the first threaded rod 1301 rotates in reverse, it can drive the sealing plate 1302 to move downward, thereby achieving the purpose of sealing.

[0044] In Example 1, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support frame 19 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable plate 403. Figure 3 As shown, the positioning mechanism 8 includes a fixed plate 801, a second guide rod 802, a compression spring 803, a second connecting plate 804, a sliding block 805, a positioning rod 806, a disc 807, and a positioning groove 808. The sealing plate 1302 is vertically fixedly connected to the fixed plate 801. A square hole 17 is formed on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5. The fixed plate 801 is located inside the square hole 17 and is slidably connected to it. The upper end of the fixed plate 801 is fixedly connected to the second guide rod 802, and the upper end of the second guide rod 802 is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate 808. 4. A positioning rod 806 is slidably connected inside the second connecting plate 804. A sliding block 805 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning rod 806. The sliding block 805 is slidably connected to the second guide rod 802. A compression spring 803 is provided on the circumferential surface of the second guide rod 802. One end of the compression spring 803 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 805, and the other end of the compression spring 803 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 801. A disc 807 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder 10. A positioning groove 808 is opened on the lower end surface of the disc 807, and the positioning groove 808 cooperates with the positioning rod 806. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the fourth power mechanism 12 includes a fifth servo motor 1201, a fourth gear 1202, and a fourth ring gear 1203. The fifth servo motor 1201 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame 19. The output end of the fifth servo motor 1201 passes through the lower end of the support frame 19 and is rotatably connected to the support frame 19. The output end of the fifth servo motor 1201 is fixedly connected to the fourth gear 1202. The fourth ring gear 1203 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder 10, and the fourth ring gear 1203 meshes with the fourth gear 1202.

[0045] During operation, as the sealing plate 1302 moves upward, the positioning rod 806 moves upward with the cooperation of the fixing plate 801. When the positioning rod 806 contacts the disc 807, the sealing plate 1302 continues to move upward, pressing the moving block 1403 to move downward on the second guide rod 802, thereby compressing the compression spring 803. After the first circular hole 7 and the second circular hole 1303 are completely aligned, the sealing plate 1302 stops moving upward. Then, the fifth servo motor 1201 works, and at this time, the fourth gear 1202 and the... With the cooperation of the four-ring gear 1203, the second rotating cylinder 10 can be driven to rotate, which in turn drives the disc 807 to rotate. When the positioning groove 808 coincides with the positioning rod 806, the positioning rod 806 can be easily inserted into the positioning groove 808 under the action of the compression spring 803 to achieve the positioning purpose. After the positioning rod 806 is inserted, the fifth servo motor 1201 will stop working. After the positioning is completed, the ejection mechanism 14 is aligned with the first circular hole 7, which makes it easy for the ejection mechanism 14 to push the probe 15 out of the first rotating cylinder 5.

[0046] In Example 1, as Figure 7 and Figure 11As shown, the ejection mechanism 14 includes a support frame 1401, a second threaded rod 1402, a moving block 1403, a fixed cylinder 1404, a limiting hole 1405, and a limiting block 1406. The support frame 1401 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second rotating cylinder 10. The second threaded rod 1402 is rotatably connected inside the support frame 1401. The moving block 1403 is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second threaded rod 1402. The fixed cylinder 1404 is fixedly connected inside the second rotating cylinder 10, and the moving block 1403 is located inside the fixed cylinder 1404. The moving block 1403 is fixedly connected to the probe 15 and slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 1404; the fixed cylinder 1404 has a limit hole 1405 on its circumferential surface, and a limit block 1406 is slidably connected inside the limit hole 1405, and the limit block 1406 is fixedly connected to the moving block 1403; the third power mechanism 11 includes a fourth servo motor 1101, a rotating shaft 1102, a first bevel gear 1103 and a second bevel gear 1104, and the rotating shaft 1102 is rotatably connected inside the second rotating cylinder 10. A first bevel gear 1103 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second threaded rod 1402; a second bevel gear 1104 is fixedly connected to one end of the second threaded rod 1402 near the rotating shaft 1102, and the second bevel gear 1104 meshes with the first bevel gear 1103; a fourth servo motor 1101 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rotating cylinder 10, and the output end of the fourth servo motor 1101 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1102. During operation, the fourth servo motor 1101 rotates forward, thereby driving the rotating shaft 1102 to rotate, and then the first bevel gear 1103 and the second bevel gear 1104 mesh with each other. With the cooperation of gear 1104, the second threaded rod 1402 can be driven to rotate forward. As the second threaded rod 1402 rotates forward, the moving block 1403 can be driven to slide inside the fixed cylinder 1404 with the cooperation of the limiting hole 1405 and the limiting block 1406, so that the moving block 1403 moves outward. As the moving block 1403 extends outward, it also drives the probe 15 to move outward, so that the probe 15 extends out of the first rotating cylinder 5. This makes it easier for the probe 15 to be inserted into the soil, thereby realizing the detection of soil composition.

[0047] Example 2 provides a method for online automatic detection of soil components at multiple depths, using the online automatic detection equipment for soil components at multiple depths described in Example 1, and includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Transfer the device to the farmland to be tested;

[0049] S2: The first power mechanism 6 and the lifting mechanism 4 work simultaneously, and with the cooperation of the drill bit 18, the first rotating cylinder 5 is made to penetrate deep into the soil. Before the first rotating cylinder 5 is inserted into the soil, the sealing assembly 13 seals the first circular hole 7.

[0050] S3. After the first rotating cylinder 5 has fully entered the soil, the second power mechanism 9 operates, causing the second circular hole 1303 of the sealing assembly 13 to coincide with the first circular hole 7.

[0051] S4: The fourth power mechanism 12 drives the disc 807 to rotate. After the positioning rod 806 and the positioning groove 808 coincide, the positioning rod 806 is inserted into the positioning groove 808 under the action of the compression spring 803, thereby causing the ejection mechanism 14 to coincide with the first circular hole 7.

[0052] S5: The third power mechanism 11 provides power to the push mechanism 14, so that the push mechanism 14 pushes the probe 15 out of the first rotating cylinder 5 and inserts it into the soil. Since the push mechanism 14 is vertically distributed, it can realize simultaneous detection of soil at multiple depths.

[0053] S6: The data detected by probe 15 is transmitted outward through the wireless transmission module.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-depth soil component on-line automatic detection device comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: The base plate (1) is fixedly connected to four corners of its lower end with self-locking casters (2). The base plate (1) is fixedly connected to the rear side of its upper end with a handrail (3). The base plate (1) is provided with a lifting mechanism (4). The lifting mechanism (4) is rotatably provided with a first rotating cylinder (5). The lower end of the first rotating cylinder (5) passes through the base plate (1) and is slidably connected to the base plate (1). The lower end of the first rotating cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with a drill bit (18). The first rotating cylinder (5) has multiple first circular holes (7) on its circumferential surface. The multiple first circular holes (7) are arranged along the... The first rotating cylinder (5) is axially and circumferentially distributed. The lower end of the lifting mechanism (4) is provided with a first power mechanism (6), which is used to drive the first rotating cylinder (5) to rotate. The first rotating cylinder (5) is provided with a sealing assembly (13). The upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5) is provided with a second power mechanism (9), which is used to provide power to the sealing assembly (13). Under the action of the second power mechanism (9), the sealing assembly (13) closes or opens the first circular hole (7) on the first rotating cylinder (5). The lifting mechanism (4) is provided with a support frame (19) at the upper end. A wireless transmission module is installed at the upper end of the support frame (19). A second rotating cylinder (10) is rotatably connected inside the support frame (19). A fourth power mechanism (12) is provided inside the lower end of the support frame (19). The fourth power mechanism (12) is used to provide power for the rotation of the second rotating cylinder (10). A third power mechanism (11) is provided inside the second rotating cylinder (10). A set of push-out mechanisms (14) and probes (15) are provided on the second rotating cylinder (10) corresponding to each first circular hole (7). The third power mechanism (11) provides power to multiple sets of push-out mechanisms (14) at the same time, and pushes the corresponding probes (15) out of the first rotating cylinder (5) through the first circular hole (7) through the push-out mechanism (14). Multiple sets of probes (15) transmit detection signals through the wireless transmission module. The first circular hole (7) has multiple rings, and the multiple rings of the first circular hole (7) are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder (5). Each ring includes 3 to 6 first circular holes (7), and the 3 to 6 first circular holes (7) in each ring are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first rotating cylinder (5). The positions of the multiple rings of the first circular holes (7) are corresponding to each other. The shape of the circular holes on the outside of the first rotating cylinder (5) is a series of rows of circular holes in a straight line. The sealing assembly (13) has multiple sets, and each set of sealing assemblies (13) is arranged along each row of first circular holes (7). Each set of sealing assemblies (13) includes a first threaded rod (1301) and a sealing plate (1302). The sealing plate (1302) The sealing plate (1302) is slidably connected inside the first rotating cylinder (5), and the vertical surface of the sealing plate (1302) is provided with a plurality of second circular holes (1303) corresponding to the first circular hole (7); the first threaded rod (1301) is rotatably connected inside the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5), and the first threaded rod (1301) is threadedly connected to the sealing plate (1302); the second power mechanism (9) is connected to the first threaded rod (1301) of each sealing assembly (13) through a transmission mechanism, and controls the first threaded rod (1301) of each sealing assembly (13) to rotate, thereby driving the sealing plate (1302) to move up and down to open or close the first circular hole (7); The testing equipment also includes a positioning mechanism (8) matching the number of sealing components (13). The positioning mechanism (8) is located around the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5) and corresponds one-to-one with multiple sets of sealing components (13). The positioning mechanism (8) includes a fixed plate (801), a second guide rod (802), a compression spring (803), a second connecting plate (804), a sliding block (805), a positioning rod (806), a disc (807), and a positioning groove (808). The sealing plate (1302) is vertically fixedly connected to the fixed plate (801). The first rotating cylinder (5) has a square hole (17) on its circumferential surface. The fixed plate (801) is located inside the square hole (17) and is slidably connected to the square hole (17). The upper end of the fixed plate (801) is fixedly connected to the second guide rod. (802), the upper end of the second guide rod (802) is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate (804), the second connecting plate (804) is slidably connected to the positioning rod (806), the lower end of the positioning rod (806) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (805), the sliding block (805) is slidably connected to the second guide rod (802), the circumferential surface of the second guide rod (802) is provided with a compression spring (803), one end of the compression spring (803) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (805), and the other end of the compression spring (803) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (801); the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the disc (807), the lower end surface of the disc (807) is provided with a positioning groove (808), and the positioning groove (808) cooperates with the positioning rod (806).

2. The on-line automatic detection device for multiple-depth soil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (4) includes a first servo motor (401), a first guide rod (402), a moving plate (403), a first connecting plate (404), and a lead screw (405). The first connecting plate (404) is located at the top of the first rotating cylinder (5) and is parallel to the bottom plate (1). The first connecting plate (404) and the bottom plate (1) are fixedly connected by two first guide rods (402). The lead screw (405) is rotatably connected between the bottom plate (1) and the first connecting plate (404), and the lead screw (405) and the two first guide rods (402) are evenly distributed outside the circumference of the first rotating cylinder (5). The moving plate (403) is located between the first connecting plate (404) and the bottom plate (5). Between the base plates (1), the movable plate (403) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder (5) and is rotatably connected to the first rotating cylinder (5) through the conductive slip ring (16). The movable plate (403) has a threaded hole at the position corresponding to the lead screw (405). The movable plate (403) has a guide hole at the position corresponding to the two first guide rods (402). The movable plate (403) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (405) and slidably connected to the two first guide rods (402). The first servo motor (401) is fixed at the bottom end of the base plate (1), and the output shaft of the first servo motor (401) is fixedly connected to the lead screw (405). The upper end of the movable plate (403) is fixedly connected to the support frame (19).

3. The online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism (14) includes a support frame (1401), a second threaded rod (1402), a moving block (1403), a fixed cylinder (1404), a limiting hole (1405), and a limiting block (1406). The support frame (1401) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second rotating cylinder (10). The second threaded rod (1402) is rotatably connected inside the support frame (1401). The moving block (1403) is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second threaded rod (1402). 10) A fixed cylinder (1404) is fixedly connected inside. The movable block (1403) is located inside the fixed cylinder (1404) and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder (1404). The movable block (1403) is fixedly connected to the probe (15). A limiting hole (1405) is opened on the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder (1404). A limiting block (1406) is slidably connected inside the limiting hole (1405). The limiting block (1406) is fixedly connected to the movable block (1403).

4. The online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first power mechanism (6) includes a second servo motor (601), a first gear (602) and a first ring gear (603). The upper end of the moving plate (403) is fixedly connected to the second servo motor (601). The output end of the second servo motor (601) passes through the lower end of the moving plate (403) and is rotatably connected to the moving plate (403). The output end of the second servo motor (601) is fixedly connected to the first gear (602). The first ring gear (603) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5). The first ring gear (603) meshes with the first gear (602).

5. The online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth power mechanism (12) includes a fifth servo motor (1201), a fourth gear (1202) and a fourth ring gear (1203). The fifth servo motor (1201) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame (19). The output end of the fifth servo motor (1201) passes through the lower end of the support frame (19) and is rotatably connected to the support frame (19). The output end of the fifth servo motor (1201) is fixedly connected to the fourth gear (1202). The fourth ring gear (1203) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder (10). The fourth ring gear (1203) meshes with the fourth gear (1202).

6. The online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second power mechanism (9) includes a mounting bracket (901), a third servo motor (902), a second gear (903), a rotating ring (904), a second ring gear (905), a third ring gear (906), and a third gear (907). The mounting bracket (901) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5). The third servo motor (902) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting bracket (901). The output end of the third servo motor (902) passes through the upper end of the mounting bracket (901) and is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (901). The output end of 02) is fixedly connected to a second gear (903); the upper circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating ring (904), the circumferential surface of the rotating ring (904) is fixedly connected to a second ring gear (905), the second ring gear (905) meshes with the second gear (903); the rotating ring (904) is fixedly connected to a third ring gear (906) inside, the upper end of the first threaded rod (1301) of each sealing assembly (13) is fixedly connected to a third gear (907), the third gear (907) meshes with the third ring gear (906).

7. The online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third power mechanism (11) includes a fourth servo motor (1101), a rotating shaft (1102), a first bevel gear (1103), and a second bevel gear (1104). The rotating shaft (1102) is rotatably connected inside the second rotating cylinder (10). The first bevel gear (1103) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of each set of ejection mechanisms (14). The second threaded rod (1402) of each set of ejection mechanisms (14) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (1104) at one end near the rotating shaft (1102). The second bevel gear (1104) meshes with the first bevel gear (1103). The fourth servo motor (1101) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rotating cylinder (10). The output end of the fourth servo motor (1101) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (1102).

8. A method for online automatic detection of soil components at multiple depths, characterized in that: The online automatic detection device for multi-depth soil composition according to any one of claims 1-7 specifically includes the following steps: S1: Transfer the device to the farmland to be tested; S2: The first power mechanism and the lifting mechanism work simultaneously, and with the help of the drill bit, the first rotating cylinder is made to penetrate deep into the soil. During the process of the first rotating cylinder penetrating the soil, the sealing component seals the first circular hole. S3: After the first rotating cylinder is fully inserted into the soil, the second power mechanism drives the sealing assembly to move and open the first circular hole; S4: The third power mechanism provides power to the ejection mechanism, which pushes the probe out of the first rotating cylinder and inserts it into the soil. Since the first circular holes are distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder, and each first circular hole is equipped with a set of ejection mechanisms and probes, it is possible to detect soil at different depths simultaneously. S5: The data detected by the probe is transmitted outward through the wireless transmission module.

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