Transmitting / receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals and verification method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission / reception device SE for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals EM, the electromagnetic signals EM being provided for exchange with a sensor OD for object detection, the transmission / reception device SE having an analog part ANA which is designed to convert a first signal S1 in at least one intermediate frequency layer into a second signal S2 in a transmission frequency layer, the second signal S2 is output via the output AUS as an electromagnetic signal EM, a third signal S3 as an electromagnetic signal EM is received via the input EIN, and the third signal S3 in the transmission frequency layer is converted into a fourth signal S4 in at least one intermediate frequency layer, the third signal S3 being derived from the second signal S2, wherein the transmitting / receiving device SE is designed to generate a test signal TS and to feed it as a first signal S1 into the analog part ANA, and to verify the analog part ANA by comparing the test signal TS with a fourth signal S4.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a transmitting / receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals and a method for verifying a transmitting / receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals. The present application also relates to a verification device for a transmitting / receiving device and the use of this verification device. Such a transmitting / receiving device is used, for example, as an object simulator for a vehicle radar sensor. Background Art

[0002] In DE 10 2021 131 263 A1, a method for generating simulated radar echo signals and a radar target simulator are described. For a test radar sensor, for example, for an automated vehicle, a radar target simulator is used, which detects the radar signal of the radar sensor to be tested, calculates the radar echo of the signal based on a real-time model, generates a delayed response signal corresponding to the calculated echo, and transmits it to the radar sensor to be tested. In this way, the radar sensor is pre-rehearsed for the detection of physical targets. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a transmitting / receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals, an electromagnetic signal is provided for exchange with a sensor for object detection. The transmitting / receiving device can, for example, be part of a simulated environment of a sensor for object detection.

[0004] The transmitting / receiving device has an analog part, which is set to:

[0005] · Convert a first signal in at least one intermediate frequency layer (Zwischenfrequenzebene) into a second signal in the transmission frequency layer and output the second signal as an electromagnetic signal via an output,

[0006] · Receive a third signal as an electromagnetic signal via an input and convert the third signal in the transmission frequency layer into a fourth signal in at least one intermediate frequency layer, where the third signal is derived (ableiten) from the second signal.

[0007] The transmitting / receiving device is set to generate a test signal and feed it as the first signal into the analog part, and verify the analog part by comparing the test signal with the fourth signal.

[0008] A method for verifying such a transmitting / receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals has:

[0009] · Generate a test signal and feed the test signal as the first signal into the analog part,

[0010] · Derive a third signal from the second signal,

[0011] ·The analog part is calibrated by comparing the test signal with the fourth signal.

[0012] The electromagnetic signal is intended to be exchanged with a sensor for object detection, wherein the transmitting / receiving device has an analog part which is arranged to convert a first signal in at least one intermediate frequency layer into a second signal in the transmission frequency layer and output the second signal as an electromagnetic signal via an output. The analog part is also arranged to receive, via an input, a third signal as an electromagnetic signal and convert the third signal in the transmission frequency layer into a fourth signal in at least one intermediate frequency layer.

[0013] With the transmitting / receiving device or the corresponding method, a self-test of the transmitting / receiving device and in particular of the analog part can be carried out. Thus, for example, for a user of an analog environment with a transmitting / receiving device, the self-test can be carried out directly at the application location of the transmitting / receiving device. The transmitting / receiving device no longer needs to be sent back to the manufacturer for new calibration.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmitting / receiving device is robust because for the self-test or calibration of the described transmitting / receiving device, no additional components or only passive components such as filters are required, which hardly age. In addition, for example, such a transmitting / receiving device is characterized in that it has a calibration mode and an operating mode for carrying out the self-test, in which the transmitting / receiving device acts as an object simulator (also called a target simulator) for a sensor for object detection. These two modes are non-overlapping in time and can be implemented separately from each other.

[0015] Thus, such a transmitting / receiving device can be used as an object simulator which has the feasibility of self-test. Therefore, the method for calibrating the transmitting / receiving device achieves a simple and / or robust way of self-calibrating such a transmitting / receiving device.

[0016] The transmitting / receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals is, for example, a radar device or a radar sensor which transmits and also receives a corresponding radar signal as an electromagnetic signal. However, it can also be a lidar device which transmits and receives a corresponding lidar signal as an electromagnetic signal. With such a transmitting / receiving device, the function of a radar sensor or a lidar sensor can be calibrated by sending a radar signal or a lidar signal back to the radar sensor, which is interpreted by the radar sensor or the lidar sensor as the radar signal or lidar signal it has emitted as a reflected radar signal or lidar signal. Thereby, these transmitting / receiving devices are able to simulate different environments with different reflection behaviors according to specifications. For a radar device or a lidar device, an environment with simulated objects can be simulated by such synthetically generated reflected signals.

[0017] The analog environment in which the transmitting / receiving device can be located can be designed, for example, by absorbers so that it does not reflect any radar signals or lidar signals. This means that controlled reflections generated by one or more transmitting / receiving devices are feasible in order to create almost any environment for a radar sensor or a lidar sensor.

[0018] The transmitting / receiving device in the operating mode receives electromagnetic signals from a sensor for object detection, such as a radar sensor or a lidar sensor. Here, the transmitting / receiving device transfers the received signal derived from the electromagnetic signal to a computer or a programmable logic module, which, based on the received signal and other stored data, instructs the transmitting / receiving device to emit a corresponding analog reflected signal. Specifically, the transmitting / receiving device receives a third signal in the operating mode, generates, for example, an echo signal for simulating an object, and outputs a second signal based on the echo signal. The generation of the echo signal can include computational and / or analog generation, for example, by a delay element, a damper, etc.

[0019] Thus, the electromagnetic signal can be understood as, for example, a high-frequency signal transmitted via an antenna by the transmitting / receiving device or an optical signal transmitted via a laser.

[0020] The sensor for object detection is, for example, a radar sensor or a lidar sensor, and the transmitting / receiving device simulates a reflected signal for it. Other sensors capable of detecting one or more objects via electromagnetic signals can be envisioned.

[0021] The transmitting / receiving device has an analog part that converts a first signal in at least one intermediate frequency layer into a second signal in the transmission frequency layer. This conversion can be performed, for example, in several intermediate frequencies in stages on the corresponding intermediate frequency layer or converted from the intermediate frequency on the intermediate frequency layer directly to the transmission frequency in the transmission frequency layer. The intermediate frequency layer or multiple intermediate frequency layers among them have frequencies lower than the frequency of the transmission frequency layer. In the intermediate frequency layer, simpler signal processing in the analog part is feasible compared to the higher frequencies in the transmission frequency layer. The transmission frequency of the electromagnetic signal is, for example, 20 GHz or 77 GHz or other frequencies suitable for radar signals in the microwave range. In the case of a radar signal, the output is, for example, one or more horn antennas or a so-called antenna array or other antenna types or antenna configurations or no antenna at all. When using a lidar signal, it is converted into an optical signal, which is output as an electromagnetic signal. The optical signal is, for example, in the near-infrared range or in the visible light range. Other optical ranges are also feasible.

[0022] In the analog section, the conversion from at least one intermediate frequency level to the transmission frequency level is achieved, for example, by means of so-called mixing. Unwanted mixing products can be filtered out here. An amplifier is also provided in the analog section. In particular, such active components, such as mixers or amplifiers, undergo an aging process and need to be calibrated and, if necessary, their parameters adjusted. The accuracy that can be achieved through calibration and, if necessary, parameter adjustment is advantageous in order to be able to continuously emit the same electromagnetic signal, with which sensors for object detection can be tested.

[0023] Correspondingly, the transmit / receive device has one or more receiving antennas in the receiving section of the analog section for receiving electromagnetic signals at the input. Also provided is the down-conversion (Heruntermischen) of the received electromagnetic signals to at least one intermediate frequency level and the corresponding amplification of the received and down-converted signals.

[0024] The transmit / receive device is set up to generate a test signal and feed it into the analog section and thus into the transmit section as a first signal. The test signal can also be generated in the analog section itself or in the digital section. Alternatively, it can also be fed in from the outside.

[0025] The test signal is used to verify the first signal path in the transmit section up to the transmission of the electromagnetic signal. The test signal is also used to verify the second signal path in the receive section. The test signal is particularly used to verify the first and second signal paths together. This self-test corresponds to a calibration that otherwise, for example, would have to be carried out regularly by the manufacturer of such an analog environment with a transmit / receive device.

[0026] Accordingly, the first signal is a test signal that travels through the first signal path, the transmit signal path, at at least one intermediate frequency level. The second signal is obtained from the first signal by conversion to the transmission frequency level. The second signal is output as an electromagnetic signal via the output to the space located at the output such that the second signal propagates as an electromagnetic wave, or to a connection part attached to the output and connecting the output to the input. The third signal is received as an electromagnetic signal at the input via the space or via the connection part. The fourth signal is derived from the third signal by conversion to at least one intermediate frequency level and is used for comparison with the test signal. These signals can be amplified, filtered, and further signal-shaped in the analog section.

[0027] The verification device is set up to verify the transmit / receive device. The verification device can, for example, have a reflection device for the second signal, which is used to derive the third signal. Then, via the reflection device, the second signal output via the output can be reflected back to the input as the third signal.

[0028] In addition, the calibration device can be used to calibrate the analog part, wherein the stored calibration data of the analog part is changed according to the comparison between the test signal and the fourth signal. The change of the calibration data can include overwriting the existing calibration data with the new calibration data obtained from the comparison. Other possibilities of storing the difference from the previous value can also be conceived.

[0029] In one embodiment, a connection part is provided between the output end and the input end to derive the third signal from the second signal. Through this defined connection via the connection part, it is ensured that the second signal is not affected by the environment in an unpredictable manner, but rather the changes acting on the second signal to derive the third signal are known from the beginning through the connection part. Thus, no other factors need to be considered during the self-test of the transmitting / receiving device. The connection part can be designed as a waveguide or, in the case of optics, constructed as a fiber optic.

[0030] In one embodiment, the connection part is configured to attenuate and / or phase-shift and / or frequency-shift the second signal to derive the third signal. The connection part can thus have a corresponding attenuation or also provide a phase shift or a frequency shift or a combination of these changes.

[0031] In another embodiment, the connection part has at least one λ / 4 delay element and / or at least one λ / 2 delay element and / or at least one 3 / 4λ delay element. With the delay correspondingly defined by the wavelength represented by λ around the electromagnetic signal, the analog part can be tested accordingly, such as error identification.

[0032] In addition, the connection part can have a high-pass filter. Thereby, it can be achieved that only frequencies higher than the predetermined cut-off frequency of the high-pass filter can pass through the connection part. All lower frequencies are filtered out by the high-pass filter. For example, unwanted mixing products can be eliminated thereby.

[0033] In one embodiment, the transmitting / receiving device is arranged to derive the attenuation and / or amplification of the analog part from the comparison between the test signal and the fourth signal. As described above, not only the transmission signal path for transmitting the electromagnetic signal in the analog part but also the reception signal path for receiving the electromagnetic signal in the analog part can have an amplifier for amplifying the corresponding signal. In addition, the entire signal path of the analog part has attenuation not only in the transmitting part but also in the receiving part. In addition, through the transmission of the electromagnetic signal via the atmosphere or via the connection part, there will also be corresponding signal attenuation. By observing as a whole, the transmitting / receiving device can then determine whether there is overall attenuation or amplification of the signal passing through the signal path and the path as the electromagnetic signal.

[0034] In addition, in an embodiment, it may be specified that the transmitting / receiving device is set to derive the phase difference between the test signal and the fourth signal from the comparison of the test signal and the fourth signal. This can be evaluated digitally or analogously, so that the phase difference finally imposed on the test signal by the signal path through the analog part and, if necessary, the connecting part or the atmosphere can be identified. Thus, the transmitting / receiving device can determine the flight time of the test signal through the analog part from this phase difference. The flight time through the connecting part is known in advance, and even when using a reflecting plane, this is known in advance, so that the flight time that only passes through the analog part can be determined.

[0035] In an embodiment, it may be specified that the transmitting / receiving device has a digital part, which is set to generate a test signal and feed it as a first signal into the analog part and to evaluate the fourth signal and, for example, compare the test signal and the fourth signal. For the comparison, the digital part may have a comparator that compares the test signal with the fourth signal. The comparator may have, for example, a processor and / or other signal processing circuits. The test signal to be fed as the first signal into the analog part may be present in a memory, and the digital part retrieves the test signal from this memory in order to feed it into the analog part. However, additionally or alternatively, there may also be a circuit or function for generating the test signal separately.

[0036] Furthermore, the test signal may be configured as a sine signal or a superposition of a plurality of sine signals. A sine signal itself is particularly suitable for such self-testing or testing of analog signals. Alternatively, other periodic or aperiodic signals may also be used.

[0037] As described above, electromagnetic signals are used for exchange with sensors for object detection. That is, the transmission frequency of the electromagnetic signal is such that the sensors for object detection can receive it correctly. Such sensors for object detection may be, for example, radar sensors or lidar sensors, and the transmission frequency is accordingly in the radar range or in the lidar range.

[0038] In an embodiment, the transmitting / receiving device is set to simulate the object to be detected for a sensor for object detection, such as a radar sensor or a lidar sensor, by means of electromagnetic signals. As described above, any environment is simulated for sensors for object detection, such as radar sensors or lidar sensors, by the transmitting / receiving device or a plurality of such transmitting / receiving devices. This simulation includes emitting electromagnetic signals corresponding to the simulated environment as if these electromagnetic signals had been reflected by the objects in the simulated environment.

[0039] It is also specified that the transmitting / receiving device is set to determine the minimum distance of the object to be simulated using the test signal and the flight time of the analog part.

[0040] In one embodiment, the stored calibration data of the analog part is changed according to the comparison of the test signal with the fourth signal. If, for example, due to the deterioration of one or more amplifiers, the analog part changes over time, this can be taken into account in the calibration data so that such long-term changes do not have a negative impact on the function of the transmitting / receiving device.

[0041] Correspondingly, the same applies to the method of verifying the transmitting / receiving device.

[0042] The method can in particular be run multiple times. In different runs, for example, different delay elements can be used. Thus, the analog part of the transmitting / receiving device can be tested in various situations where the derivation from the second signal to the third signal is changed. The state of the analog part of the transmitting / receiving device can be inferred from the results of various comparisons in multiple runs of the method, and if necessary, parameters can be changed and errors can be identified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in detail in the following description.

[0044] Shown therein:

[0045] Figure 1 A block diagram of the transmitting / receiving device is shown,

[0046] Figure 2 Another block diagram of the transmitting / receiving device is shown,

[0047] Figure 3 A flowchart of the method according to the present application is shown,

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the verification device is shown, and

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the analog environment is shown.

[0050] The same reference numerals in the drawings are used for the same or similar elements. The drawings are not shown to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Figure 1The transmitting / receiving device SE is shown. The transmitting / receiving device SE has a comparator V, which generates a test signal TS. The test signal TS is provided to the analog part ANA and introduced as a first signal S1 into a first converter W1. The first converter W1 converts it into a second signal S2, which is output as an electromagnetic signal EM via the output AUS. That is, the electromagnetic signal EM is at this time a propagating electromagnetic wave. Optionally, a connection part SCC can be provided between the output AUS and the input EIN, which conducts the electromagnetic signal EM from the output AUS to the input EIN.

[0052] Propagation in space can also be provided between the output AUS and the input EIN. At this time, for example, a change in the direction of the electromagnetic signal EM can be achieved by providing a reflection device REF.

[0053] The first converter W1 can be, for example, a mixer that mixes the first signal S1 from at least one intermediate frequency layer to the transmission frequency layer. Thus, the second signal S2 can be a high-frequency signal at the transmission frequency, and for this signal, a waveguide, for example, is connected at the output of the first converter W1.

[0054] Optionally, the comparator V can be a component of the analog part ANA. Optionally, the comparator V can also be provided outside the analog part ANA.

[0055] The electromagnetic signal EM is received via the input EIN. If the electromagnetic signal EM is, for example, a radar signal, corresponding antennas, such as horn antennas, can be provided, for example, not only at the output AUS but also at the input EIN, and other antennas can also be provided.

[0056] If the electromagnetic signal EM is, for example, an optical signal, such as a lidar signal, then a laser or a laser array can be provided at the output AUS, and a photoreceiver or an array of such photoreceivers can be provided at the input EIN. At this time, there is an electro-optical converter, such as a laser, at the output AUS, and a photoelectric converter, such as a photodiode, at the input EIN.

[0057] A third signal S3 is transmitted, for example, via a waveguide from the input EIN to a second converter W2 and converted there into a fourth signal S4. This conversion is achieved, for example, by downmixing the transmission frequency from the transmission frequency layer to at least one intermediate frequency of at least one intermediate frequency layer.

[0058] Then, in a comparator V, the fourth signal S4 is compared with a test signal TS, and thereby, for example, an attenuation and / or a phase shift and / or a frequency shift is determined. The determined attenuation and / or phase shift and / or frequency shift is related to the analog part of the transmitting / receiving device SE and provides information about its state. In particular, these values can be compared, for example, with target values, and then parameters derived therefrom can be determined.

[0059] Here, Figure 1 other possible components of the transmitting / receiving device SE, such as filters or, for example, amplifiers, are not shown for the sake of clarity.

[0060] Figure 2 Another block diagram of the transmitting / receiving device SE is shown. In the present case, the comparator V is arranged in the digital part DIG. Therefore, the first signal S1 or the test signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by a digital-to-analog converter DAC.

[0061] The first signal S1 can be filtered and amplified, and then converted from an intermediate frequency to a second signal S2 at a transmission frequency in a transmission converter TX-SCC, so as to be subsequently transmitted as an electromagnetic signal EM via an output AUS.

[0062] In the present case, a connection part SCC is connected, for example, to the output AUS and an input EIN, so as to form a connection for the electromagnetic signal EM between the output AUS and the input EIN. The connection part SCC can change the attenuation, the phase, and / or the frequency. Active components can even be provided in the connection part.

[0063] Then, the electromagnetic signal EM is input into the receiving part of the analog part ANA via the input EIN, and subsequently enters a receiving converter RX-SCC as a third signal S3. The receiving converter RX-SCC mixes the third signal S3 from the transmission frequency layer to an intermediate frequency layer, such that a fourth signal S4 exists in the intermediate frequency layer at the output of the receiving converter RX-SCC. The analog fourth signal S4 is amplified and filtered if necessary, and then fed into an analog-to-digital converter ADC, which thereby generates a digital fourth signal S4, which is input into the comparator V for comparison with the test signal TS. The comparator V can, for example, run on a processor, but other circuits can also be used for this comparison.

[0064] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for verifying the transmitting / receiving device SE is shown.

[0065] In 300, a test signal TS is generated and fed as a first signal S1 into the analog part ANA. The test signal TS can be generated, for example, by a signal generator or read from a memory. The generation of the test signal TS and its transfer to the analog part ANA can be performed, for example, by a comparator V.

[0066] In 301, the first signal S1 is converted into a second signal S2. This conversion includes an upmixing from an intermediate frequency to a transmission frequency.

[0067] In 302, the second signal S2 is output as an electromagnetic signal EM via the output AUS.

[0068] In 303, an electromagnetic signal EM is received as a third signal S3 derived from the second signal S2. This derivation can be performed, for example, by a connection part SCC which connects the output AUS to the input EIN and thus conducts the electromagnetic signal EM.

[0069] In 304, the third signal S3 is converted into a fourth signal S4. This conversion includes a downmixing from a transmission frequency to an intermediate frequency.

[0070] In 305, the test signal TS and the fourth signal S4 are compared with each other. For example, the transmit / receive device SE can be calibrated based on the comparison.

[0071] For example, the attenuation or amplification of the analog part ANA can be derived from the comparison. Additionally, the phase difference can be derived from the comparison between the test signal TS and the fourth signal S4.

[0072] This method can especially be run multiple times. During the individual runs of the method, for example, connection parts with various delay elements can be used, which are, for example, λ / 4 delay elements and / or λ / 2 delay elements and / or 3 / 4λ delay elements. By comparing the results with different delays, conclusions can be drawn about how well the transmit / receive device SE is calibrated, and if necessary, the stored calibration data, especially the calibration data of the analog part ANA, can be changed based on the comparison. Additionally, errors can be identified during the measurement process.

[0073] Figure 4 A calibration device PE is shown in which the transmit / receive device SE is located. As shown above, the transmit / receive device SE emits an electromagnetic signal EM via the output AUS, and the electromagnetic signal is reflected at a reflection device REF (e.g., a plate) so that the reflected signal is subsequently received again by the transmit / receive device SE via the input EIN. This is an alternative to the connection part SCC.

[0074] Figure 5Shows a simulation environment SI, and has a transmitting / receiving device SE that emits an electromagnetic signal EM and a sensor OD for object detection, such as a radar sensor or a lidar sensor. The sensor OD for object detection also emits such an electromagnetic signal EM. If the sensor OD for object detection determines its environment, for example, using the Time-of-Flight principle (German: Laufzeitprinzip), the time of flight is evaluated. Radar sensors typically utilize the Doppler effect, i.e., frequency shift. In the case of lidar sensors, the time of flight is usually used, but the Doppler frequency shift can also be used here. However, other measurement methods are also feasible.

[0075] List of reference numerals

[0076] SE Transmitting / receiving device

[0077] ANA Analog part

[0078] EM Electromagnetic signal

[0079] S1, S2, S3, S4 Signals

[0080] EIN Input terminal

[0081] AUS Output terminal

[0082] TS Test signal

[0083] W1, W2 Converters

[0084] V Comparator

[0085] SCC Connection part

[0086] TX-SCC Transmitting converter

[0087] RX-SCC Receiving converter

[0088] DIG Digital part

[0089] OD Sensor for object detection

[0090] SI Simulation environment

[0091] REF Reflective device

[0092] PE Verification device

[0093] 300 - 305 Method steps

Claims

1. A transmitting / receiving device (SE) for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals (EM), wherein: An electromagnetic signal (EM) is provided for exchanging with a sensor (OD) for object detection, wherein the transmitting / receiving device (SE) has an analog part (ANA) which is configured to: converting a first signal (S1) in at least one intermediate frequency layer into a second signal (S2) in a transmission frequency layer and outputting the second signal (S2) as an electromagnetic signal (EM) via an output terminal (AUS), receiving a third signal (S3) as an electromagnetic signal (EM) via an input terminal (EIN), and converting a third signal (S3) in the transmission frequency layer into a fourth signal (S4) in at least one intermediate frequency layer, wherein the third signal (S3) is derived from the second signal (S2), The transmitting / receiving device (SE) is configured to generate a test signal (TS) and feed it as a first signal (S1) into the analog part (ANA), and to verify the analog part (ANA) by comparing the test signal (TS) with the fourth signal (S4).

2. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to claim 1, wherein: A connection portion (SCC) is provided between the output terminal (AUS) and the input terminal (EIN) to derive a third signal (S3) from the second signal (S2).

3. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to claim 2, wherein: The connection portion (SCC) is configured to attenuate and / or phase-shift and / or frequency-shift the second signal (S2) to derive a third signal (S3).

4. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to claim 3, wherein: The connecting section (SCC) has at least one λ / 4 delay element and / or at least one λ / 2 delay element and / or at least one 3 / 4λ delay element.

5. The transmitting / receiving device (SE) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The connection section (SCC) has a high pass filter.

6. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) is arranged to derive the attenuation and / or amplification of the analog part (ANA) from the comparison.

7. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) is arranged to derive a phase difference between the test signal (TS) and the fourth signal (S4) by comparison.

8. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to claim 7, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) is arranged to determine the flight time of the test signal (TS) through the analog part (ANA) from the phase difference.

9. The sending / receiving device (SE) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) has a digital part (DIG) which is configured to generate the test signal (TS) and to feed it as a first signal (S1) into the analog part (ANA) and to carry out the comparison.

10. The transmitting / receiving device (SE) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The test signal (TS) is designed as a sinusoidal signal or as a superposition of a plurality of sinusoidal signals.

11. The transmitting / receiving device (SE) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The electromagnetic signal (EM) is provided for exchange with a radar sensor or a lidar sensor.

12. The transmission / reception device (SE) according to claim 11, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) is configured to simulate an object to be detected for a radar sensor or a lidar sensor by means of electromagnetic signals (EM).

13. The transmission / reception device (SE) according to claim 12, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) is arranged to use the flight time of a test signal through the simulation part (ANA) to determine a minimum distance of an object to be simulated.

14. A calibration device (PE) for calibrating a transmitting / receiving device (SE) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the calibration device comprising at least one transmitting / receiving device (SE) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The verification device (PE) according to claim 14, wherein: The verification device (PE) has a reflection device (REF) for a second signal (S2) for deriving a third signal (S3).

16. Use of a calibration device (PE) according to claim 14 or 15 for calibrating an analog part (ANA), wherein: The stored calibration data of the analog portion (ANA) is changed according to the comparison.

17. A method for calibrating a transmitting / receiving device (SE) for emitting and receiving electromagnetic signals (EM), wherein the electromagnetic signals (EM) are provided for exchange with a sensor (OD) for object detection, wherein: The transmitting / receiving device (SE) has an analog part (ANA) which is arranged: converting a first signal (S1) in at least one intermediate frequency layer into a second signal (S2) in a transmission frequency layer and outputting the second signal (S2) as an electromagnetic signal (EM) via an output terminal (AUS), receiving a third signal (S3) as an electromagnetic signal (EM) via an input terminal (EIN), converting a third signal (S3) in the transmission frequency layer into a fourth signal (S4) in at least one intermediate frequency layer, The method comprises: generating a test signal (TS) and feeding said test signal (TS) as a first signal (S1) into said analog part (ANA), deriving said third signal (S3) from said second signal (S2), The analog part (ANA) is verified by comparing the test signal (TS) and the fourth signal (S4) with each other.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: An attenuation and / or amplification of the analog part (ANA) is derived from the comparison.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein: A phase difference between the test signal (TS) and the fourth signal (S4) is derived from the comparison.

20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein: The method is performed multiple times.

21. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein: Stored calibration data of the analog portion (ANA) is changed in dependence on the comparison.

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