Application of S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial with spine structure in preparation of antibacterial material

Abstract

The invention discloses application of a spine-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material to preparation of an antibacterial material, the spine-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material is used as the antibacterial material, when the spine-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material is used in vitro, the spine-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material is prepared into a solution with the concentration of more than 256 mu g / mL, when the spine-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material is used in vivo, the spine-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material is prepared into a The spine structure of the spine structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material achieves physical antibiosis by physically puncturing bacterial cell membranes, achieves antibiosis by generating electron transfer with bacteria, and promotes wound healing in a visible light range, the morphology of the spine structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material is a sea urchin-shaped spine ball, the particle size is 1.5 + / -0.1 mu m, the spine length is 200-300 nm, and the spine structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano-material can be applied to the field of wound healing. The S-TiO2 / Pt composite nano material with the spine structure is prepared by depositing and calcining TiO2 with the spine structure and an HPtCl6 solution. The material disclosed by the invention integrates physical antibiosis and photodynamic antibiosis, realizes synergistic antibiosis, and shows excellent healing promoting capability in a mouse wound antibiosis model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of biomedical materials and relates to the application of spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials in the preparation of antibacterial materials. Background Art

[0003] Photocatalytic antibacterial technology generates highly oxidative reactive oxygen species (ROS) by photoexciting semiconductor materials, which can achieve irreversible physical damage to bacterial biofilms. Its mechanism of action does not involve interference with biological metabolic pathways, thus avoiding the risk of drug resistance at the source. Among many semiconductor photocatalysts, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has become a key material for the development of medical antibacterial coatings and surface modification of implants due to its biocompatibility, raw material cost advantage, and stable chemical inertness. However, limited by its intrinsic physical properties, the clinical application of TiO2 faces major difficulties. The wide bandgap structure of TiO2 results in only being able to respond to the ultraviolet light band, and the more biocompatible visible light cannot be effectively utilized. In addition, the rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs in titanium dioxide leads to a quantum efficiency lower than, seriously weakening the ability to generate ROS.

[0004] In the prior art, researchers have tried to increase the specific surface area of materials through morphology regulation (such as nanotubes and multi-level structure construction), enhance bacterial adsorption, and construct electron transport channels. However, the regulation of the bandgap structure by single morphology optimization is limited and cannot significantly broaden the light response range. In addition, doping with noble metals (Pt, Au, Ag) can suppress carrier recombination through surface plasmon resonance effect and Schottky barrier, significantly improving the photocatalytic performance. However, when the noble metal loading > 5 wt%, agglomeration of metal particles is likely to occur, resulting in a decrease in the density of active sites. Therefore, developing a TiO2-based composite system with dual synergy of morphology-component, suppressing metal agglomeration through geometric confinement effect, and enhancing multiple reflections and absorption of visible light using hierarchical pores is expected to be the key strategy to break through the existing performance.

[0005] Based on the above, developing a TiO2-based photocatalytic material with wide-spectrum response and efficient carrier separation through collaborative structure design and component regulation has important scientific value and industrial significance for promoting the clinical application of photocatalytic antibacterial technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides the application of spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials in the preparation of antibacterial materials. The present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Application of Spiky Structure S-TiO₂ / Pt Composite Nanomaterials in the Preparation of Antibacterial Materials. The spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials are used as antibacterial materials. When used in vitro, they are formulated into a solution with a concentration greater than 256 μg / mL. When used in vivo, they are formulated into a solution with a concentration greater than 1024 μg / mL. The spiky structure of the spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials achieves physical antibacterial by physically puncturing the bacterial cell membrane and antibacterial by electron transfer with bacteria, and promotes wound healing in the visible light range. The morphology of the spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials is a sea urchin-like spiky ball with a particle size of 1.5 ± 0.1 μm and a spike length of 200 - 300 nm. The spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials are obtained by depositing and calcining spiky structure TiO₂ with HPtCl₆ solution.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials is as follows:

[0009] 1) Disperse TiO₂ in sodium hydroxide solution, stir and mix evenly, and then carry out hydrothermal reaction at 80 - 150 °C for 12 - 48 h to synthesize the TiO₂ nanotube precursor;

[0010] 2) Disperse the TiO₂ nanotube precursor obtained in step 1) in sodium hydroxide solution, add hydrogen peroxide solution, carry out hydrothermal reaction at 120 - 200 °C for 4 - 24 hours, and then carry out high-temperature calcination to obtain spiky structure S-TiO₂;

[0011] 3) Uniformly disperse the spiky structure S-TiO₂ obtained in step 2) in water, add HPtCl₆ solution, deposit, and then carry out high-temperature calcination to obtain spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-temperature calcination conditions in step 2) are under air conditions, at 1 - 10 °C / min, 350 - 450 °C, for 2 - 6 h.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-temperature calcination conditions in step 3) are under N₂ conditions, at 1 - 10 °C / min, 180 - 400 °C, for 1 - 4 h.

[0014] Furthermore, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step 1) is 5 - 10 mol / L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step 2) is 1 - 5 mol / L, and the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 5 - 10 mol / L.

[0015] Furthermore, the concentration of the HPtCl₆ solution in step 3) is 10 - 40 mmol / L.

[0016] Furthermore, the content of Pt in the spiky structure S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials is 4 - 5 wt%.

[0017] Further, the crystal form of TiO2 in the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is anatase.

[0018] Further, the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial has a light response performance, and the response region is 400 - 780 nm.

[0019] Further, the solution is a phosphate buffer solution.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention realizes a S-TiO2 / Pt hybrid nanomaterial with broad-spectrum response and efficient carrier separation through collaborative structural design and component regulation. The spiky-structured S-TiO2 / Pt hybrid nanomaterial of the present invention successfully broadens the light absorption range of TiO2 from the ultraviolet light response region to the visible light response region; the hierarchical pores of the spiky structure significantly enhance the generation of ROS by enhancing the multiple reflection and absorption of visible light; the spiky structure of the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial destroys the integrity of the bacterial membrane through physical puncture, effectively shortening the killing distance of ROS and realizing physical antibacterial; the spiky structure of the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial can enhance the electron transfer between the material and bacteria, interfere with the function of the bacterial respiratory chain, and improve the physical antibacterial effect; the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial with photocatalytic antibacterial performance constructed by the present invention integrates physical antibacterial and photodynamic antibacterial to achieve synergistic antibacterial, and shows excellent wound healing ability in the mouse wound antibacterial model. The morphology-regulated physical-photodynamic synergistic mechanism proposed by the present invention provides an innovative idea for the development of a new antibacterial system independent of drug resistance. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a transmission electron microscope image of the spiky-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a transmission electron microscope image of the spherical-structured TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial.

[0024] Figure 3 It is an XRD pattern of the spiky-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial and the spherical-structured TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial.

[0025] Figure 4 It is an MB degradation diagram of materials in different groups with the change of illumination time.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a representative picture of the change of wound area over time after treatment with materials in different groups.

[0027] Figure 6 Representative pictures and quantitative statistical charts of bacteria plating at the wound tissue on the last day.

[0028] Figure 7 SEM images of the co - action of nanomaterials and bacteria in different groups.

[0029] Figure 8 I - V curves after the co - action of materials and bacteria in different groups. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1 Preparation of spiky - structured S - TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials

[0032] (1) Preparation of spiky - structured S - TiO2: 1 g of TiO2 (P25) was dispersed in sodium hydroxide solution (5 M, 40 mL). After stirring and mixing evenly, a hydrothermal reaction (120 °C, 24 h) was carried out to synthesize the precursor of titanium dioxide nanotubes. Then, 0.1 g of the precursor of titanium dioxide nanotubes was dispersed again in sodium hydroxide solution (1 M, 19 mL), and hydrogen peroxide solution (30%, 1.25 mL) was added. A hydrothermal reaction (150 °C, 8 h) was carried out to obtain the spiky - structured titanium oxide material, which was calcined at high temperature in air (400 °C, 2 h) to obtain the anatase - type spiky - structured S - TiO2.

[0033] (2) Preparation of spiky - structured S - TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials: 0.1 g of the spiky - structured S - TiO2 obtained in step (1) was evenly dispersed in water, and HPtCl6 (20 mM, 2 mL) solution was added. After deposition, under N2 protection, it was calcined at high temperature (200 °C, 2 h) to obtain the spiky - structured S - TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials.

[0034] Figure 1 Transmission electron microscope image of the spiky - structured S - TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials. Figure 1 It shows that the microscopic morphological characteristics of the spiky - structured S - TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials are sea urchin - like spiky ball structures, with a particle size of 1.5 ± 0.1 μm and a spike length of 200 - 300 nm.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 Preparation of spherical - structured TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials

[0036] (1) Preparation of spherical structured TiO₂: Dissolve 0.4375 g of octadecylamine in 50 mL of ethanol, then add KCl solution (0.1 M, 0.2 mL) and 127.5 μL of ultrapure water. After mixing evenly, add 1.5 mL of titanium isopropoxide (TIP, 98%) to the above solution and stir the mixture for 40 minutes. Then let the mixture stand for 18 hours, and then centrifuge, wash and dry. Calcinate at high temperature in air (400 °C, 4 h) to obtain spherical structured TiO₂ with anatase crystal form.

[0037] (2) Preparation of spherical structured TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials: Uniformly disperse 0.1 g of the spherical structured TiO₂ obtained in step (1) in water, and add HPtCl₆ (20 mM, 2 mL) solution. After deposition, calcinate at high temperature (200 °C, 2 h) under N₂ protection to obtain spherical structured TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials.

[0038] Figure 2 is the transmission electron microscope image of the spherical structured TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the microscopic morphological characteristics of the spherical structured TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials are smooth spherical structures, and their size is about 1.5 μm.

[0039] Figure 3 is the XRD pattern of the S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials and the TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials. Figure 3 The dotted line in the middle is the standard card of the anatase crystal form of TiO₂, the double dotted line is the standard card of Pt, the solid line is the XRD curve of the spiky structured S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials, and the dashed line is the XRD curve of the spherical structured TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials. It can be seen from Figure 3 that both the synthesized S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials and the TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials are TiO₂ with anatase crystal form, and Pt has been successfully loaded.

[0040] Test Example 1 Evaluation of the photocatalytic performance of the spiky structured S-TiO₂ / Pt composite nanomaterials

[0041] A total of 6 experimental groups were set up in this test, namely the PBS group, the PBS+Light group, the TiO₂ / Pt group, the TiO₂ / Pt+Light group, the S-TiO₂ / Pt group and the S-TiO₂ / Pt+Light group, as follows:

[0042] (1) S-TiO₂ / Pt group: The material prepared by the method of Example 1 was decomposed in PBS buffer solution. The material concentration of the S-TiO₂ / Pt group was finally set to 512 μg / mL, the light wavelength range was 400 - 780 nm, the light irradiation time was 20 min, and the light power density was 100 mW / cm2

[0043] (2) TiO2 / Pt group: The material prepared by the method of Comparative Example 1 was decomposed in PBS buffer. The material concentration of the TiO2 / Pt group was finally set to 512 μg / mL, the light wavelength range was 400 - 780 nm, the illumination time was 20 min, and the light power density was 100 mW / cm 2

[0044] (3) 100 μL of the materials of different experimental groups were respectively mixed evenly with 900 μL of methylene blue (MB), and then samples were taken at different illumination times (5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min) under the excitation of visible light (400 - 780 nm). The group without light was operated in the dark under the same conditions. After the reaction ended, centrifugation was carried out, and the supernatant was taken for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reading at 664 nm.

[0045] Figure 4 MB degradation diagrams of the materials of different groups with the change of illumination time. From Figure 3 It can be seen that the characteristic absorption of MB at 664 nm in the PBS group, PBS + Light group, TiO2 / Pt group, and S-TiO2 / Pt group only decreased slightly. However, under the excitation of visible light, obvious MB degradation was observed in the presence of both spherical structure TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials and spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials, indicating that both types of composite nanomaterials can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the excitation of visible light. However, the decrease of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt was more obvious, indicating that more ROS were generated by the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt under the same conditions. ROS can act through multi-target attacks (membrane, protein, DNA, metabolism), making it difficult for bacteria to repair and ultimately leading to death. Therefore, the more ROS are generated, the stronger the antibacterial ability of the material. Thus, it can be seen that the photocatalytic ROS generation performance of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial of the present invention is stronger.

[0046] Test Example 2 Evaluation of the performance of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial in promoting wound healing

[0047] Evaluate the in vivo antibacterial and wound healing effects of the composite nanomaterial in a mouse wound model. The specific operation is as follows:

[0048] (1) S-TiO2 / Pt group: The material prepared by the method of Example 1 was decomposed in PBS buffer. The material concentration of the S-TiO2 / Pt group was 1024 μg / mL, the light wavelength range was 400 - 780 nm, the illumination time was 20 min, and the light power density was 100 mW / cm 2 .

[0049] (2) TiO2 / Pt group: The material prepared by the method of Comparative Example 1 was decomposed in PBS buffer. The concentration of the material in the S-TiO2 / Pt group was 1024 μg / mL, the light wavelength range was 400 - 780 nm, the illumination time was 20 min, and the light power density was 100 mW / cm 2 .

[0050] (3) A total of 20 female mice (Balb / c) were randomly divided into four groups: PBS group, S-TiO2 / Pt group, TiO2 / Pt + Light group, and S-TiO2 / Pt + Light group, with 5 mice in each group. Circular skin injuries with a diameter of about 1 cm were created on the backs of all mice, and the mouse wounds were infected with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). At 24 h and 72 h after infection, materials of different components were dropped at the wound sites. Then, the TiO2 / Pt + Light group and the S-TiO2 / Pt + Light group were illuminated for 20 min under the excitation of visible light (400 - 780 nm), and then bandaged. The PBS group and the S-TiO2 / Pt group were directly bandaged after dropping the materials. Photos of the wounds were collected every three days, and the entire treatment process was set to 12 days. At 12 days, the mice were sacrificed, the tissues at the wound sites were collected, and homogenized and plated. The results are as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0051] Figure 5 are representative pictures of the change in wound area over time after treatment with materials of different groups. It can be seen from Figure 5 that compared with other groups, the wound area of the mice treated with the S-TiO2 / Pt + Light group with spiky structures gradually decreased over time, and almost completely healed at 12 days, while the wound areas of other groups, although decreasing, were not completely healed.

[0052] Figure 6 are representative pictures of plating and quantitative statistical charts of bacteria at the wound tissues on the last day. Figure 6 a is a representative picture of microbacteria, Figure 6 b is a statistical chart of the amount of bacteria. It can be seen from Figure 6 that compared with other groups, under the excitation of visible light, the content of S. aureus at the wound tissues of the mice treated with the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial with spiky structures was significantly reduced, while a large amount of S. aureus still existed in other groups. Thus, it can be seen that the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial of the present invention can effectively kill bacteria and promote wound healing under the excitation of visible light.

[0053] It can be seen that the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial of the present invention can broaden the photoexcitation range of TiO2 from the ultraviolet region to the visible light range. Its special morphological structure can improve its photodynamic antibacterial performance, and it has good antibacterial and wound-healing promotion ability in the mouse wound model.

[0054] Test Example 3 evaluates the physical antibacterial ability of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial

[0055] To more intuitively judge the physical puncture effect of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial on S. aureus, it was divided into three groups: the PBS group, the TiO2 / Pt group, and the S-TiO2 / Pt group. The specific operation is as follows: The nanomaterials of different groups were dispersed in PBS buffer solution, and the final concentration of each group of materials was 256 μg / mL. After co-culturing with Staphylococcus aureus (1×10 8 CFU / mL) in PBS for 24 h, centrifuged, and the surface floating bacteria were gently washed away with PBS solution. Then, the co-cultured samples were transferred to 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution and soaked for 6 h to fix the bacterial cell morphology. Next, gradient dehydration of the bacteria was carried out, that is, the samples were treated with ethanol aqueous solutions with volume fractions of 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, and 100% for 5 min respectively. After drying, the bacterial cell morphology was observed with a scanning electron microscope.

[0056] Figure 7 SEM images of the co-action of nanomaterials in different groups with bacteria. From Figure 7 it can be seen that the surfaces of the bacteria in the PBS group and the TiO2 / Pt group are smooth and there is almost no shrinkage. While in the S-TiO2 / Pt group, shrinkage and death can be clearly observed on the surface of the bacteria, and the spiky structure inserts into the bacteria, indicating that the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial with the spiky structure of the present invention can achieve physical antibacterial by physically puncturing the bacterial cell membrane.

[0057] Test Example 4 evaluates the ability of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial to transfer electrons to bacteria

[0058] The existence of electron transfer between bacteria and materials was verified by a current experiment. The experiment was divided into four groups: the TiO2 / Pt group, the S-TiO2 / Pt group, the TiO2 / Pt + S. aureus group, and the S-TiO2 / Pt + S. aureus group. The specific operation is as follows: In a three-electrode (platinum electrode, reference electrode, and working electrode) electrochemical workstation, sodium sulfate solution was used as the electrolyte. The sample was used as the working electrode, while the Ag / AgCl electrode and the platinum electrode were used as the reference electrode and the counter electrode respectively.

[0059] Disperse TiO2 / Pt and S-TiO2 / Pt in PBS buffer solution. The final concentration of each group of materials is 256 μg / mL. After co-culturing with S. aureus for 24 h respectively, take 60 μL of the mixed solution (materials and bacteria) and drop it on the FTO conductive glass. The TiO2 / Pt group and the S-TiO2 / Pt group with the same concentration are directly dropped on the FTO glass. After drying at 37 °C to form a film, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) test is carried out. Electron transfer is a key step in many bacterial activities. Interfering with electron transfer in bacteria will increase the production of ROS in bacterial cells and hinder bacterial growth.

[0060] Figure 8 The I-V curves after the materials in different groups act together with bacteria. As Figure 8 can be seen, when TiO2 / Pt contacts with S. aureus, their saturation current is the same as that of the single TiO2 / Pt group, indicating that no electron transfer occurs between TiO2 / Pt and S. aureus, so the current does not change. When S-TiO2 / Pt contacts with S. aureus, their saturation current is much higher than that of the single S-TiO2 / Pt group. This may be because when S-TiO2 / Pt contacts with S. aureus, the built-in electric field at the material-microbe interface transfers electrons to the bacteria, thus disrupting the bacterial respiratory chain to achieve antibacterial effect. It can be seen that compared with the spherical structure, the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial can enhance the electron transfer between the material and the bacteria, interfere with the function of the bacterial respiratory chain, and improve the physical antibacterial effect.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of spike-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterials in the preparation of antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is used as an antibacterial material. When used in vitro, it is prepared into a solution with a concentration greater than 256 μg / mL. When used in vivo, it is prepared into a solution with a concentration greater than 1024 μg / mL. The spiky structure of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial achieves physical antibacterial by physically puncturing the bacterial cell membrane, achieves antibacterial by electron transfer between bacteria, and promotes wound healing in the visible light range. The morphology of the spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is a sea urchin-like thorn ball with a particle size of 1.5±0.1 μm and a thorn length of 200-300 nm. The spiky structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is obtained by deposition and calcination of spiky structure TiO2 and HPtCl6 solution.

2. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The preparation method of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is as follows: 1) dispersing TiO2 in a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and mixing evenly, and then hydrothermally reacting at 80-150° C. for 12-48 hours to synthesize a TiO2 nanotube precursor; 2) The TiO2 nanotube precursor of step 1) is dispersed in a sodium hydroxide solution, a hydrogen peroxide solution is added, a hydrothermal reaction is carried out at 120-200° C. for 4-24 hours, and a high temperature calcination is performed to obtain a spike structure S-TiO2; 3) The spike-structured S-TiO2 prepared in step 2) is uniformly dispersed in water, and a HPtCl6 solution is added. After deposition, the solution is calcined at high temperature to obtain a spike-structured S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial.

3. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 2 in the preparation of antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The high temperature calcination conditions of step 2) are 1-10°C / min, 350-450°C, and 2-6h in air.

4. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial in the preparation of antibacterial materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high temperature calcination conditions of step 3) are 1-10°C / min, 180-400°C, and 1-4h under N2 conditions.

5. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial in the preparation of antibacterial materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step 1) is 5-10 mol / L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step 2) is 1-5 mol / L, and the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 5-10 mol / L.

6. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 2 in the preparation of antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The concentration of the HPtCl6 solution in step 3) is 10 to 40 mmol / L.

7. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 1 in preparing antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The content of Pt in the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is 4-5wt%.

8. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 1 in preparing antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The TiO2 crystal form in the S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial is anatase.

9. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 1 in preparing antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial has light response performance, and the response area is 400-780nm.

10. The use of the spike structure S-TiO2 / Pt composite nanomaterial according to claim 1 in preparing antibacterial materials, characterized in that: The solution is a phosphate buffer solution.

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