Wheel polygonal order detection method, device and system based on laser measurement

Abstract

The application provides a wheel polygon order detection method, device and system based on laser measurement. The device comprises a left rail side detection unit and a right rail side detection unit; the left rail side detection unit comprises a left rail side bottom plate, a plurality of left rail side sensor fixing seats are arranged in a left rail side guide rail sliding groove on the bottom plate, and a laser sensor is installed on the left rail side sensor fixing seat; a plurality of magnetic steel sensors which are the same in number as the left rail side sensor fixing seats and are one-to-one corresponding in position are further arranged on the left rail side bottom plate; the right rail side detection unit comprises a right rail side bottom plate, a plurality of right rail side sensor fixing seats are arranged in a right rail side guide rail sliding groove on the bottom plate, and the same number of laser sensors as the laser sensors of the left rail side detection unit are installed on the right rail side sensor fixing seat. The radial distance data of the wheel rim is collected, a multi-sensor cooperative triggering mechanism and a high-precision mathematical modeling algorithm are combined, and the rapid calculation and visual analysis of the wheel polygon order are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of train wheel inspection, and specifically to a method, apparatus, and system for detecting the polygon order of a wheel based on laser measurement. Background Technology

[0002] During service, railway vehicles experience periodic irregularities along the circumference of their wheels due to continuous friction between the wheels and rails, as well as the vehicle's own periodic vibrations. This irregularity is known as wheel polygons. Wheel polygons reduce vehicle stability, impair acceleration and braking performance, and the resulting bumps and swaying are directly transmitted to passengers, severely impacting their comfort. Furthermore, the frequency of impact loads caused by wheel polygons increases with the order of the polygon, resulting in significant high-frequency impact loads between the wheels and rails. This also leads to wheel and track noise problems and fatigue issues in railway components, seriously threatening the safety of railway vehicle operation.

[0003] Currently, the primary method for inspecting the polygonal condition of train wheelsets in most train maintenance depots is ground inspection. Ground inspection requires a certain amount of time to disassemble, install, and measure the wheelsets, and is generally only performed during level four or five maintenance checks. Due to the low frequency of inspections, each inspection requires the preparation of new equipment and personnel, further increasing costs. Ground inspection requires disassembling the train wheelsets, which can affect the normal operation of the train, especially during busy periods, where ground inspections can have a significant impact on train operations.

[0004] For the reasons mentioned above, it is essential to find an online method for detecting wheel polygon faults. Therefore, how to provide a train wheel polygon detection technology that is highly accurate, highly integrated, easy to install, low-cost, highly automated, has wheel polygon measurement capabilities, and can achieve non-stop measurement has become an urgent problem for researchers in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, device, and system for detecting the polygon order of a wheel based on laser measurement, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a wheel polygon order detection device based on laser measurement, characterized in that it includes: a left rail side detection unit and a right rail side detection unit; wherein, the left rail side detection unit includes a left rail side base plate, the left rail side base plate has a left rail side guide rail groove, a plurality of left rail side sensor mounting seats are disposed in the left rail side guide rail groove, and a laser sensor is mounted on the left rail side sensor mounting seats; a plurality of magnetic steel sensors are also disposed on the left rail side base plate, the number of magnetic steel sensors is the same as the number of left rail side sensor mounting seats and their positions are one-to-one; the right rail side detection unit includes a right rail side base plate, the right rail side base plate has a right rail side guide rail groove, a plurality of right rail side sensor mounting seats are disposed in the right rail side guide rail groove, and a laser sensor is mounted on the right rail side sensor mounting seats, the number of laser sensors in the left rail side detection unit is the same as the number of laser sensors in the right rail side detection unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection device provided by the present invention also has the following feature: the upper surface of the left rail side base plate is provided with length graduations along the left rail side guide rail groove, and the upper surface of the right rail side base plate is provided with length graduations along the right rail side guide rail groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection device provided by the present invention also has the following feature: multiple grooves for mounting magnetic sensors are provided on the bottom plate of the left rail side.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection device provided by the present invention also has the following feature: during wheel detection, the left rail side base plate and the right rail side base plate are located above the sleeper, and the left rail side base plate and the right rail side base plate are respectively attached to the inner side of the rail bottom of the left and right rails.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection device provided by the present invention also has the following feature: the left rail-side sensor fixing seat and the right rail-side sensor fixing seat are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the track.

[0012] This invention provides a method for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Install any of the laser measurement-based wheel polygon order detection devices as described in claims 1 to 5 on the track. The n laser sensors of the left track-side detection unit and the n laser sensors of the right track-side detection unit are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the track, forming n sets of laser sensors. Each pair of laser sensor sets is triggered by a corresponding magnetic sensor. The spacing L between adjacent laser sensors on the same side satisfies:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, r is the nominal radius of the wheel;

[0016] Step S2: When the train wheel passes by, the magnetic sensor triggers the corresponding laser sensor group to collect the radial distance data y from the wheel flange to the laser sensor. i (i = 1, 2, ..., n);

[0017] Step S3: Construct the original data coordinate system, where the horizontal axis represents the position of the laser sensor, and the horizontal axis is x. i = (i-1)L, with the ordinate being y i ,(i=1,2,...,n);

[0018] Step S4: The rim distance measured by the i-th laser sensor is y. i The corresponding radial deviation is:

[0019] Δr i =Dy i (i = 1, 2, ..., n),

[0020] In the formula, D is the theoretical rim distance;

[0021] From the x-coordinate i and radial deviation Δr i The fitting yields a continuous curve of wheel circumference-rim radial deviation, with the x-axis representing the curve and the y-axis representing the curve.

[0022] Step S5: Convert the abscissa x of the fitted curve to the wheel rotation angle θ in polar coordinates, satisfying:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, C represents the circumference of the wheel.

[0025] The radius ρ corresponding to the polar coordinate angle θ satisfies:

[0026] ρ = r + 1000y,

[0027] In the formula, r is the nominal radius of the wheel, and y is the ordinate of the fitted curve.

[0028] Generate a wheel profile in polar coordinates based on the polar coordinate angle θ and radius ρ;

[0029] Step S6: Obtain radial deviation data at various angular positions of the wheel and perform spectrum analysis.

[0030] Furthermore, the detection method provided by this invention also has the following feature: the calibration formula for the theoretical rim distance D is:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, To calibrate the average distance measured by all n sets of sensors when the wheel passes by.

[0033] Furthermore, the detection method provided by the present invention also has the following feature: n=12, that is, both the left rail side detection unit and the right rail side detection unit are equipped with 12 laser sensors, forming n sets of laser sensors.

[0034] Furthermore, the detection method provided by this invention also has the following feature: step S6 specifically includes:

[0035] Step S6-1: Read the radial deviation data of each angular position of the wheel;

[0036] Step S6-2: Perform Fourier transform on the radial deviation data of the wheel to obtain amplitudes of different orders, and generate the wheel polygon order and wave depth map.

[0037] Step S6-3: Based on the Fourier transform results, simulate the waveform corresponding to the polygonal deviation of the wheel to generate a diagram of wheel angle and radial deviation.

[0038] Furthermore, the detection method provided by the present invention is characterized by further including: step S7: visually displaying the wheel profile diagram, the wheel polygon order and wave depth diagram, and the wheel angle and radial deviation diagram.

[0039] This invention provides a system for implementing the above-described detection method, characterized in that it includes: a data acquisition module for acquiring radial distance y from a laser sensor. i The system includes: a data preprocessing module for preprocessing the acquired data and calculating the theoretical flange distance D using a calibration formula; a curve fitting module for fitting a continuous curve of wheel circumference-flange radial deviation; an angle mapping module for converting the abscissa x of the fitted curve into the wheel rotation angle θ in polar coordinates; a spectrum analysis module for performing Fourier transform analysis and polygon deviation simulation; and a visualization module for generating and visualizing wheel profile diagrams, wheel polygon order and wave depth diagrams, and wheel angle and radial deviation diagrams based on the outputs of the angle mapping module and the spectrum analysis module.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0041] 1. The laser-based wheel polygon order detection device of the present invention is easy to install, low in cost, and highly efficient. The laser sensor is installed in the guide rail groove of the base plate, and the magnetic sensor is installed in the groove of the base plate. The base plate is installed on the inside of the rail and above the sleeper, making the installation of the entire device very convenient. In addition, the device has a simple structure and low cost, but the laser detection has high measurement efficiency and can realize non-stop detection of train wheels.

[0042] 2. In the detection system of the present invention, the measuring device has high measurement accuracy and high integration, and the whole system has a high degree of automation. It can carry out detection without affecting the normal operation of the train. It can detect multiple trains. All wheel polygon parameters can be measured as long as the train passes through once. The system responds quickly and can seamlessly connect with the train maintenance and turning process, which significantly improves the efficiency of measurement work and optimizes the maintenance and operation efficiency of the train.

[0043] 3. In the detection method of this invention, the collected data is optimized by arranging sensors at equal angular intervals to ensure that sampling points uniformly cover the circumference of the wheel; contour reconstruction is performed, fitting the discrete ranging data into a continuous wheel circumference-radial deviation curve, which is then converted into a contour deviation function in polar coordinates; spectral analysis and polygon component recognition are used to accurately extract polygon components of different orders and their wave depths. This algorithm is intelligent and computationally simple, and combined with visualization technology, it intuitively displays the frequency domain characteristics and waveform simulation results, enabling rapid diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of wheel polygons. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wheel polygon order detection device based on laser measurement in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left rail side detection unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion at point A.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right rail side detection unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left rail-side laser sensor device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side laser sensor device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic steel sensor device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 9 This is a polar coordinate diagram of the wheel polygon profile in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the blue dashed line represents the standard non-polygonal defect vehicle profile, and the red solid line represents the wheel polygon profile.

[0053] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the polygon order and wave depth of a wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the horizontal axis represents the polygon order and the vertical axis represents the wave depth corresponding to the polygon order.

[0054] Figure 11 This is a diagram of wheel angle and radial deviation according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the horizontal axis represents the wheel angle and the vertical axis represents the radial deviation corresponding to each angular position of the wheel.

[0055] Reference numerals: 1. Wheelset; 2. Rail; 3. Sleeper; 4. Left railside detection unit; 5. Right railside detection unit; 6. Left railside base plate; 7. Right railside base plate; 4a. Laser sensor; 4b. Left railside sensor mounting base; 4c. Bolt; 5a. Right railside sensor mounting base; 5b. Bolt; 5c. Magnet sensor; 4e. Bolt; 4f. Magnet sensor device 413-424; Left railside laser sensor device 401-412; Right railside laser sensor device 501-512. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will specifically illustrate the technical solution of this invention.

[0057] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a wheel polygon order detection device based on laser measurement, which includes a left railside detection unit 4 and a right railside detection unit 5.

[0058] See Figure 2 The left rail side detection unit 4 includes a left rail side base plate 6 and 12 left rail side laser sensor devices 401-412 and 12 magnetic steel sensor devices 413-424 installed on the left rail side base plate.

[0059] The left rail side base plate 6 has a left rail side guide rail groove. The upper surface of the left rail side base plate 6 has length graduations along the left rail side guide rail groove. See also... Figure 3 and Figure 6 The left-side rail-side laser sensor device consists of a laser sensor 4a, a left-side rail-side sensor mounting base 4b, and bolts 4c. The upper end of the left-side rail-side sensor mounting base 4b has a mounting groove for the laser sensor 4a, in which the laser sensor 4a is installed. The lower end of the left-side rail-side sensor mounting base 4b has a slider structure that matches the shape of the left-side rail guide groove. The left-side rail-side sensor mounting base 4b is slidably connected within the left-side rail guide groove. Once its position is determined, it is locked and fixed by bolts 4c to prevent further sliding.

[0060] The left rail side base plate 6 also has multiple grooves for mounting the magnetic sensor. See also Figure 3 and Figure 8 The magnet sensor device consists of a magnet sensor 4e and two bolts 4f. The magnet sensor 4e is installed in a recess, and its housing shape is adapted to the shape of the recess. See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The position of the magnetic sensor 4e is one-to-one with the position of the sensor mounting base 4b on the left rail side.

[0061] See Figure 4 The right rail side detection unit 5 includes a right rail side base plate 7 and 12 right rail side laser sensor devices 501 to 512 installed on the right rail side base plate.

[0062] The right rail side base plate 7 has a right rail side guide rail groove. The upper surface of the right rail side base plate 7 has length graduations along the right rail side guide rail groove. The right rail side laser sensor device and the left rail side laser sensor device have a symmetrical structure. See also... Figure 4 and Figure 7 The right-side rail-side laser sensor device consists of a laser sensor 5a, a right-side rail-side sensor mounting base 5b, and bolts 5c. The upper end of the right-side rail-side sensor mounting base 5b has a mounting groove for the laser sensor 5a, in which the laser sensor 5a is installed. The lower end of the right-side rail-side sensor mounting base 5b has a slider structure that matches the shape of the right-side rail guide groove. The right-side rail-side sensor mounting base 5b is slidably connected within the right-side rail guide groove. Once its position is determined, it is locked and fixed by bolts 5c to prevent further sliding.

[0063] The laser-based wheel polygon order detection device in this embodiment performs the following during wheel detection: Figure 1 As shown, the left rail side base plate 6 and the right rail side base plate 7 are located above the sleeper 3, and the left rail side base plate 6 and the right rail side base plate 7 are respectively attached to the inner side of the rail base of the left and right rails 2. The left rail side sensor mounting base and the right rail side sensor mounting base are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the track.

[0064] This embodiment also provides a method for detecting the polygon order of a wheel, including the following steps:

[0065] Step S1: Install the detection device

[0066] The aforementioned laser-based wheel polygon order detection device is installed on the track, wherein 12 laser sensors of the left railside detection unit and 12 laser sensors of the right railside detection unit are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the track, forming 12 sets of laser sensors.

[0067] The spacing L between adjacent laser sensors on the same side satisfies:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, r is the nominal radius of the wheel.

[0070] Each pair of laser sensor groups is triggered by a corresponding magnetic sensor. The magnetic sensor detects the passing of a wheel, and its output signal serves as the trigger signal for the laser sensor.

[0071] Step S2: Data Acquisition

[0072] When a train wheel passes by, the magnetic sensor triggers the corresponding laser sensor group to collect data, as detailed below:

[0073] S2-1: When the first magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the first set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0074] S2-2: When the second magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the second set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0075] S2-3: When the third magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the third set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0076] S2-4: When the fourth magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the fourth set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0077] S2-5: When the fifth magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the fifth set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0078] S2-6: When the sixth magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the sixth set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0079] S2-7: When the seventh magnetic steel sensor detects the train wheel, the seventh set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0080] S2-8: When the eighth magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the eighth set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0081] S2-9: When the ninth magnetic sensor detects the train wheel, the ninth set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0082] S2-10: When the tenth magnetic steel sensor detects the train wheel, the tenth set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0083] S2-11: When the eleventh magnetic steel sensor detects the train wheel, the eleventh set of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0084] S2-12: When the twelfth magnetic steel sensor detects the train wheel, the twelfth group of laser sensors begins to measure the distance from the sensor itself to the wheel flange.

[0085] The radial distance data from the wheel rim to the laser sensor obtained is represented as y. i (i = 1, 2, ..., 12). The radial distance data y here... i This refers to data from one side only. The data collection method for the other side is the same, so it will not be described again.

[0086] Step S3: Data Preprocessing

[0087] The theoretical flange distance D is calibrated using a standard wheel (without polygonal defects). The calibration formula is:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, To calibrate the average distance measured by all 12 sensor groups when the wheel passes by.

[0090] Step S4: Curve Fitting

[0091] Construct the original data coordinate system, with the x-coordinate as x. i = (i-1)L, where the horizontal axis represents the position of the laser sensor and the vertical axis is y. i There are 12 points in total (i = 1, 2, ..., 12).

[0092] In actual testing, the rim distance measured by the i-th laser sensor is y. i The corresponding radial deviation is:

[0093] Δr i =Dy i (i = 1, 2, ..., 12),

[0094] From the x-coordinate i and radial deviation Δr i The original laser ranging data was converted into a radial deviation sequence of the wheel circumferential profile by using cubic spline interpolation to obtain the wheel circumference-radial deviation curve, which has x as the abscissa and y as the ordinate.

[0095] Step S5: Angle Mapping

[0096] Convert the x-coordinate of the fitted curve to the wheel rotation angle θ in polar coordinates, satisfying:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, C represents the circumference of the wheel.

[0099] The radius ρ corresponding to the polar coordinate angle θ satisfies:

[0100] ρ = r + 1000y,

[0101] In the formula, r is the nominal radius of the wheel, and y is the ordinate of the fitted curve.

[0102] A wheel profile diagram in polar coordinates is generated based on the polar coordinate angle θ and radius ρ. Sensor data in the wheel profile diagram are arranged at equal angular intervals. The position of the i-th sensor corresponds to the circumferential angle of the wheel as follows: (Unit: radians) The abscissa x of the fitted curve is converted to the wheel rotation angle θ in polar coordinates. The radius corresponding to the polar coordinate angle is ρ, and y is the ordinate of the fitted curve. See the polar coordinate wheel profile diagram obtained in this embodiment. Figure 9 .

[0103] Step S6: Spectrum Analysis

[0104] Step S6-1: Read the radial deviation data of each wheel angular position.

[0105] Step S6-2: Perform a Fourier transform (FFT) on the wheel radial deviation data to obtain the amplitudes of different orders (frequency components), and generate the wheel polygon order and wave depth map. See [link / reference]. Figure 10 .

[0106] Step S6-3: Based on the Fourier transform results, simulate the waveform corresponding to the polygonal deviation of the wheel and plot it as a diagram of wheel angle versus radial deviation. (See attached diagram) Figure 11 This figure illustrates the radial displacement change of the wheel during rotation due to polygonal deviation, which helps in analyzing the polygonal deviation characteristics of the wheel.

[0107] Step S7: Visualize the wheel profile, wheel polygon order and wave depth diagram, and wheel angle and radial deviation diagram.

[0108] The above steps only analyze laser data from one side. The resulting wheel profile diagram, wheel polygon order and depth map, and wheel angle and radial deviation map are also the corresponding analysis data for one wheel on that side. The analysis of the polygon order detection data for the other side of the wheel is the same and will not be repeated here. To detect multiple wheels, simply repeat the above steps.

[0109] This embodiment also provides a system for implementing the above-described method for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel. This system includes the following computer logic functional modules: a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a curve fitting module, an angle mapping module, a spectrum analysis module, and a visualization module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the radial distance y from the laser sensor. i The data preprocessing module preprocesses the acquired data, calculating the theoretical flange distance D using a calibration formula. The curve fitting module fits a continuous curve representing the wheel circumference and flange radial deviation. The angle mapping module converts the x-coordinate of the fitted curve to the wheel rotation angle θ in polar coordinates. The spectrum analysis module performs Fourier transform analysis and polygon deviation simulation. The visualization module generates and visualizes the wheel profile, wheel polygon order and wave depth map, and wheel angle and radial deviation map based on the outputs of the angle mapping and spectrum analysis modules.

[0110] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel based on laser measurement, characterized in that, include: Left railside detection unit and right railside detection unit; The left rail side detection unit includes a left rail side base plate, which has a left rail side guide rail groove. Multiple left rail side sensor mounting seats are arranged in the left rail side guide rail groove, and laser sensors are installed on the left rail side sensor mounting seats. The left rail side base plate is also equipped with a number of magnetic steel sensors. The number of magnetic steel sensors is the same as the number of left rail side sensor fixing seats and their positions are one-to-one. The right rail side detection unit includes a right rail side base plate, the right rail side base plate has a right rail side guide rail groove, a plurality of right rail side sensor mounting seats are arranged in the right rail side guide rail groove, and a laser sensor is installed on the right rail side sensor mounting seat. The number of laser sensors in the left rail side detection unit is the same as that in the right rail side detection unit. The upper surface of the left rail side base plate is provided with length graduations along the left rail side guide rail groove, and the upper surface of the right rail side base plate is provided with length graduations along the right rail side guide rail groove. The left rail side bottom plate is also provided with multiple grooves for installing the magnetic sensor; The left railside sensor mounting base and the right railside sensor mounting base are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the track.

2. The wheel polygon order detection device based on laser measurement as described in claim 1, characterized in that: in, During wheel inspection, the left rail side base plate and the right rail side base plate are located above the sleeper, and the left rail side base plate and the right rail side base plate are respectively attached to the inner side of the rail bottom of the left and right rails.

3. A method for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Install the wheel polygon order detection device based on laser measurement as described in claim 1 or 2 on the track. The n laser sensors of the left rail-side detection unit and the n laser sensors of the right rail-side detection unit are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the track, forming n sets of laser sensors. Each pair of laser sensor sets is triggered by the corresponding magnetic sensor. The spacing between adjacent laser sensors on the same side is... L satisfy: In the formula, r The nominal radius of the wheel; Step S2: When the train wheel passes by, the magnetic sensor triggers the corresponding laser sensor group to collect radial distance data from the wheel flange to the laser sensor. (i=1,2,...,n); Step S3: Construct the original data coordinate system, where the horizontal axis represents the position of the laser sensor, and the horizontal axis is... The vertical axis is (i=1,2,...,n); Step S4: The rim distance measured by the laser sensors is The corresponding radial deviation is: ，( i =1,2,…,n)， In the formula, D This is the theoretical rim distance; From the x-axis and radial deviation A continuous curve of wheel circumference versus rim radial deviation was obtained by fitting the curve, and the abscissa of the fitted curve is represented as... x The vertical axis is represented as y Step S5: Set the x-axis of the fitted curve x Convert to polar coordinates for wheel rotation angle θ ,satisfy: In the formula, C represents the wheel circumference and the polar coordinate angle. θ corresponding radius ρ satisfy: In the formula, r The nominal radius of the wheel. y It is the ordinate of the fitted curve. According to polar coordinate angles θ and radius ρ Generate a wheel profile in polar coordinates; Step S6: Obtain radial deviation data at various angular positions of the wheel and perform spectrum analysis.

4. The method for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: in, Theoretical rim distance D The calibration formula is: In the formula, To calibrate the average distance measured by all n sets of sensors when the wheel passes by.

5. The method for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: in, Step S6 specifically includes: Step S6-1: Read the radial deviation data of each angular position of the wheel; Step S6-2: Perform Fourier transform on the radial deviation data of the wheel to obtain amplitudes of different orders, and generate the wheel polygon order and wave depth map. Step S6-3: Based on the Fourier transform results, simulate the waveform corresponding to the polygonal deviation of the wheel to generate a diagram of wheel angle and radial deviation.

6. The method for detecting the polygonal order of a wheel as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Also includes: Step S7: Visualize the wheel profile, wheel polygon order and wave depth diagram, and wheel angle and radial deviation diagram.

7. A wheel polygon order detection system, used to implement the wheel polygon order detection method as described in any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the radial distance data collected by the laser sensor. ; The data preprocessing module is used to preprocess the acquired data and calculate the theoretical rim distance using calibration formulas. D ; The curve fitting module is used to fit a continuous curve of wheel circumference-rim radial deviation. The angle mapping module is used to map the x-coordinate of the fitted curve. Convert to polar coordinates for wheel rotation angle θ ; The spectrum analysis module is used for Fourier transform analysis and polygon deviation simulation. The visualization module generates wheel profile diagrams, wheel polygon order and wave depth diagrams, and wheel angle and radial deviation diagrams based on the output results of the angle mapping module and the spectrum analysis module, and displays them visually.

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