New energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a new energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism in the technical field, which comprises a piston including a circular truncated cone section and a circular cylinder section, a sector gap and a piston through hole are formed in the circular truncated cone section; a guide assembly is arranged in a hydraulic cylinder body, so that the piston is lifted along the guide assembly through the piston through hole; a baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, when the piston is lifted to the upper limit, the baffle divides the sector gap into sector one and sector two, at this time, an oil gap is left between the baffle and the bottom surface of the sector gap; a third oil way for controlling the rotation of the piston by oil inlet and outlet is further arranged on the side surface of the hydraulic cylinder body, when the piston is lifted to the upper limit, the third oil way connects the sector gap and the cavity below the piston, the application has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, the locking and unlocking can be realized by operating a hydraulic valve, the battery replacement technology is stable, not easy to jam, the locking force is large, and the application can meet the battery replacement use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle battery swapping technology, and in particular to a hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping of new energy heavy trucks. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, pure electric vehicles, with their advantages of environmental protection and energy saving, have become an important direction for future transportation development. However, the limitations of battery technology have always been a key bottleneck restricting the popularization of pure electric vehicles. Currently, insufficient battery energy density leads to long charging times and short driving ranges for electric vehicles, making it difficult to meet users' needs for convenient travel. To solve this problem, battery swapping technology has emerged, aiming to shorten the energy replenishment time of electric heavy trucks and improve ease of use by quickly replacing batteries. However, in existing battery swapping technologies, the locking mechanism of the quick-swap battery box is often large, has weak locking force, and is unreliable. This not only affects the convenience of battery swapping operations but also reduces the reliability of battery swapping facilities, limiting the large-scale promotion and application of battery swapping. Therefore, developing a smaller, more powerful, and more reliable battery swapping locking mechanism is of great significance for promoting the development of battery swapping technology for pure electric vehicles.

[0003] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping in new energy heavy-duty trucks, solving the problems of low reliability and weak locking force in existing battery swapping locking mechanisms.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping in new energy heavy-duty trucks, comprising:

[0006] The hydraulic cylinder body has an internal oil chamber, and a first oil passage and a second oil passage are located on the upper and lower sides, respectively. The piston is raised and lowered by controlling the oil inflow and outflow through the first and second oil passages.

[0007] The piston has a pressure plate at one end that is connected to the battery pack for locking and unlocking by lifting and lowering, and the other end is located in the hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] The piston includes a frustum section and a cylindrical section, and the frustum section is provided with a fan-shaped notch and a piston through hole;

[0009] The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a guide assembly, which allows the piston to move up and down along the guide assembly through the piston through hole. The inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a baffle. When the piston rises to the upper limit position, the baffle divides the fan-shaped notch into sector one and sector two. At this time, there is an oil passage between the baffle and the bottom surface of the fan-shaped notch. The side of the hydraulic cylinder is also equipped with a third oil passage that controls the rotation of the piston by oil inlet and outlet. When the piston rises to the upper limit position, the third oil passage connects the fan-shaped notch with the cavity below the piston.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide assembly plays a guiding role during the piston's ascent and maintains the piston at its upper limit position during the piston's rotation.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide assembly includes a guide post fixed to the hydraulic cylinder body, the top of the guide post is provided with a constriction, a spring is provided inside the constriction, and a ball is provided on the top of the spring. The constriction is used to limit the highest position of the ball's movement. The bottom of the frustum section is provided with a piston retaining hole that mates with the ball. After the piston rotates 90 degrees, the ball can slide into the piston retaining hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a piston positioning hole is provided on the cylindrical section, and a sensor that cooperates with the piston positioning hole is installed on the side of the hydraulic cylinder to determine the positioning position after the piston rotates.

[0013] Furthermore, the second oil passage, the baffle, and the third oil passage are all located at the corresponding fan-shaped notch positions. The second oil passage is located at the initial position before the piston rotates when it rises to the upper limit position. The baffle is located on one side of the second oil passage, and the third oil passage is located on one side of the baffle.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Locking and unlocking can be achieved by operating the hydraulic valve. The battery swapping technology is stable, not easy to jam, and has a large locking force, which can meet the needs of battery swapping. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 AA is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 BB is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston 104 of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston 104 of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston 104 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a top view of the cylinder block with the top cover removed according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 CC is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hydraulic cylinder body of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the baffle of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 101 is the hydraulic cylinder body, 102 is the second oil port connector, 103 is the cylinder body cover, 104 is the piston, 105 is the pressure plate, 106 is the sensor, 107 is the ball, 108 is the spring, 109 is the guide post, 110 is the plug, 111 is the baffle, 112 is the first oil port connector, 1011 is the groove, 1012 is the second oil passage, 10121 is the second oil port, 1013 is the third oil passage, 10131 is the third oil port, 10132 is the fourth oil port, 1014 is the first oil passage, 10141 is the first oil port, 10142 is the second oil port, 1041 is the piston positioning hole, 1042 is the piston through hole, 1043 is the sector notch, 1044 is the piston retaining hole, 1045 is the sector one, 1046 is the sector two, and 1047 is the gap. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-14 The novel hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping of new energy heavy trucks shown includes a hydraulic cylinder body 101, a second oil port connector 102, a cylinder body cover 103, a piston 104, a pressure plate 105, a sensor 106, a ball bearing 107, a spring 108, a guide post 109, a baffle 111, and a first oil port connector 112.

[0033] The hydraulic cylinder body 101 has a first oil passage 1014 at the bottom, and a first oil port connector 112 is connected to the outside of the first oil passage 1014. The oil ports of the first oil passage 1014 are oil port one 10141 and oil port two 10142.

[0034] The piston 104 includes a frustum section and a cylindrical section. The frustum section is placed in the hydraulic cavity, and the cylindrical section passes through the hydraulic cavity. The end of the cylindrical section is connected to a pressure plate 105. The frustum section has a fan-shaped notch 1043 and a piston through hole 1042. The piston through hole 1042 is located in the area outside the fan-shaped notch 1043.

[0035] The upper side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101 has two oil passages, namely the second oil passage 1012 and the third oil passage 1013. The second oil port connector 102 is connected to the second oil port 10121 outside the second oil passage 1012. The third oil passage 1013 has two oil ports, namely oil port three 10131 and oil port four 10132, which are sealed externally by the plug 110.

[0036] The upper side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101 has a groove 1011 (dovetail groove), and one side of the baffle 111 is fixed in the groove 1011.

[0037] The piston 104 has a piston positioning hole 1041. When the piston 104 rotates to its position, the sensor 106 can detect the piston positioning hole 1041 and send a signal that the mechanism has reached its position. The piston 104 has a piston through hole 1042. When the piston 104 moves up and down, the guide post 109 passes through the piston through hole 1042 to guide the piston 104. The piston 104 has a fan-shaped notch 1043. This fan-shaped notch 1043 is divided into two parts by a baffle 111 fixed on the hydraulic cylinder body 101, namely sector one 1045 and sector two 1046. The bottom of the fan-shaped notch 1043 and the baffle 111 are connected. The bottoms are not tightly joined together; there is a gap 1047. During the unlocking process, as the piston 104 rotates 90° forward, the oil in sector one 1045 is high-pressure oil, and the oil in sector two 1046 is low-pressure oil, which allows the piston 104 to rotate forward. After rotating 90°, the baffle will lock the piston 104 to prevent it from rotating further. During the locking process, as the piston 104 rotates 90° backward, the oil in sector one 1045 is low-pressure oil, and the oil in sector two 1046 is high-pressure oil, which allows the piston 104 to rotate backward. After rotating 90°, the baffle 111 will lock the piston 104 to prevent it from rotating further.

[0038] The bottom of piston 104 has a piston retainer hole 1044. When piston 104 moves to the upper limit position,

[0039] The guide post 109, spring 108, and ball 107 work together. The guide post 109 is threaded onto the hydraulic cylinder body 101. A blind hole is provided at the top of the guide post 109. The spring 108 is placed in the blind hole, and the ball is placed on top of the spring 108. There is a constriction at the top of the guide post 109, which limits the highest position of the ball 107. Under the action of the spring 108, the ball 107 is pushed to the highest position. The guide post 109 not only guides the piston 104 during its upward and downward movement, but also, when the piston 104 moves to its upper limit, the guide post 109 and the ball 107 work together to keep the piston 104 in the upper limit position, preventing rotation and downward movement. Specifically, the piston 104 has a piston retaining hole 1044 at its bottom. When the piston 104 moves to its upper limit position, the piston retaining hole 1044 is aligned with the ball 107. The ball 107 cooperates with the piston retaining hole 1044 to prevent the piston 104 from moving downward or rotating, thus keeping the piston 104 in the upper limit position.

[0040] When piston 104 is at its upper limit position and a locking action is desired, high-pressure oil enters sector 1045 through oil passage 1012. Under the action of the high-pressure oil, piston 104 begins to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, ball 107 disengages from piston retainer 1044 and moves downward, compressing spring 108 so that ball 107 makes point contact with the bottom surface of piston 104. At this moment, under the action of guide post 109 and ball 107, piston 104 is not allowed to move downward. Piston 104 rotates in the reverse direction until it reaches its limit position and is blocked by baffle 111, completing a 90° reverse rotation. At this time, piston through hole 1042 is facing guide post 109. Under the action of high-pressure oil above piston 104, piston 104 moves downward until pressure plate 105 presses the battery pack.

[0041] When piston 104 is at the lower limit, and an unlocking motion is desired, high-pressure oil enters below piston 104 from the first oil passage 1014. Under the action of guide post 109, piston 104 moves vertically upward. When it reaches the upper position, guide post 109 no longer guides piston 104. High-pressure oil flows from oil port 10132 below piston 104, through oil passage 1013, and from oil port 10131 into sector 1045. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the volume of sector 1045 increases, causing piston 104 to rotate forward. During rotation, a point on the outer side of ball 107 contacts the bottom of piston 104. When piston 104 moves to the upper limit, piston 104 is blocked by baffle 111 and cannot move further. At this moment, ball 107 cooperates with piston locking hole 1044 to keep piston 104 at the upper limit.

[0042] It should be noted that during unlocking, piston 104 rises from the bottom, first moving upwards along guide post 109. Upon reaching the upper limit, oil enters sector 1045 from the third oil passage 1013. At this point, the bottom of piston 104 disengages from guide post 109, with only a portion of the ball bearing 107 remaining within piston through hole 1042 (a portion must be inside; otherwise, the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers are connected, and the oil cannot drive rotation). Under the pressure of the high-pressure oil, piston 104 forces the ball bearing 107 back, and piston 104 rotates on the two ball bearings 107. After rotating 90 degrees, the two ball bearings 107 correspond precisely to the two retaining holes at the bottom of piston 104. This design further prevents piston 104 from continuing to rotate. During locking, high-pressure oil enters sector 2 1046, pushing piston 104 to flip, simultaneously forcing the ball bearing 107 out of the retaining holes and causing rotation. After the rotation stops, the guide post 109 is positioned directly below the piston through hole 1042, the ball 107 pops out, and the high-pressure oil continues to enter the upper chamber, pushing the piston 104 downward until the battery compartment is locked.

[0043] The working principle of this structure is as follows:

[0044] When the unlock signal is issued, high-pressure oil flows into the bottom of piston 104 from the first oil passage 1014, and low-pressure oil flows out from oil passage 1012. At this time, guide post 109 passes through piston through hole 1042. Under the action of guide post 109 and high-pressure oil, piston 104 moves upward. When piston 104 assembly moves to the upper position, guide post 109 no longer guides it. High-pressure oil flows from oil port 10132 below piston 104, through oil passage 1013, and out of oil port 10132. 0131 flows into sector 1045. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the volume of sector 1045 expands, causing piston 104 to rotate in the forward direction. At this moment, ball 107 retracts into guide post 109 and only makes point contact with the bottom of piston 104. After piston 104 rotates 90 degrees, piston 104 is blocked by baffle and cannot continue to move. At the same time, ball is pushed out by spring in guide post 109 and cooperates with piston locking hole 1044 to complete the entire locking action.

[0045] When the locking signal is issued, high-pressure oil flows into the top of piston 104 from the second oil passage 1012, and low-pressure oil flows out from the first oil passage 1014. At this moment, high-pressure oil flows into sector 2 1046. Under the action of high-pressure oil, piston 104 rotates in the reverse direction. At this moment, piston 104 is blocked by guide post 109 and will not move downward. After rotating 90°, piston 104 is blocked by baffle and cannot continue to rotate. At this time, piston through hole 1042 is facing guide post 109. Under the action of high-pressure oil above piston 104, piston 104 moves downward until pressure plate presses the battery pack, completing the locking action.

[0046] The device of the present invention has a simple structure, fewer parts, and a large locking force. The locking device has the ability to unlock steplessly and can achieve locking movement at any position within the stroke range. This greatly increases the application range and flexibility of the device. Through a set of hydraulic power sources, power output can be realized for multiple locking devices in the battery box, saving costs.

[0047] The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping in new energy heavy-duty trucks, comprising: The hydraulic cylinder body (101) has an oil chamber inside, and a first oil passage (1014) and a second oil passage (1012) are located on the upper and lower sides respectively. The piston (104) is controlled to lift by controlling the oil inlet and outlet through the first oil passage (1014) and the second oil passage (1012). The piston (104) has a pressure plate (105) at one end that locks and unlocks the battery pack by lifting and lowering, and the other end is located inside the hydraulic cylinder (101); Its features are, The piston (104) includes a frustum section and a cylindrical section, and the frustum section is provided with a fan-shaped notch (1043) and a piston through hole (1042). The hydraulic cylinder (101) is equipped with a guide assembly, which allows the piston (104) to move up and down along the guide assembly through the piston through hole (1042). The guide assembly guides the piston (104) during its ascent and keeps it at its upper limit position during its rotation. A baffle (111) is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder (101). When the piston (104) rises to its upper limit position, the baffle (111)... The fan-shaped notch (1043) is divided into sector one (1045) and sector two (1046). At this time, there is an oil passage between the baffle (111) and the bottom surface of the fan-shaped notch (1043). The side of the hydraulic cylinder (101) is also provided with a third oil passage (1013) that controls the rotation of the piston (104) by oil inlet and outlet. When the piston (104) rises to the upper limit, the third oil passage (1013) connects the fan-shaped notch (1043) and the cavity below the piston (104). The second oil passage (1012), the baffle (111), and the third oil passage (1013) are all located at the corresponding fan-shaped notch (1043). The position of the second oil passage (1012) is the initial position before the piston (104) rotates when it rises to the upper limit. During the unlocking process, the piston (104) rotates 90° in the forward direction. High-pressure oil flows into sector one (1045) through the third oil passage (1013). The oil in sector one (1045) is high-pressure oil, and the oil in sector two (1046) is low-pressure oil. This allows the piston (104) to rotate in the forward direction. After rotating 90°, the baffle will block the piston (104) to prevent it from continuing to rotate. During the locking process, the piston (104) rotates 90° in the opposite direction. High-pressure oil flows from the second oil passage (1012) into sector two (1046). The oil in sector one (1045) is low-pressure oil, and the oil in sector two (1046) is high-pressure oil. This allows the piston (104) to rotate in the opposite direction. After rotating 90°, the baffle (111) will block the piston (104) and prevent it from continuing to rotate.

2. The hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping of a new energy heavy-duty truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide assembly includes a guide post (109) fixed to the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The top of the guide post (109) is provided with a constriction, and a spring (108) is provided inside the constriction. A ball (107) is provided on the top of the spring (108). The constriction is used to limit the highest position of the movement of the ball (107). The bottom of the frustum section is provided with a piston retainer hole (1044) that cooperates with the ball (107). After the piston (104) rotates 90°, the ball (107) can slide into the piston retainer hole (1044).

3. The hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping of a new energy heavy-duty truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, A piston positioning hole (1041) is provided on the cylindrical section, and a sensor (106) that cooperates with the piston positioning hole is installed on the side of the hydraulic cylinder (101) to determine the positioning position of the piston (104) after rotation.

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