Antenna device and base station antenna system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311867992.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
Smart Images
Figure CN120237406A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly, to an antenna device and a base station antenna system. Background Art
[0002] With the development of 5G technology, more requirements are put forward for antennas. For example, an antenna needs to be able to improve the capacity of the existing Long Term Evolution (LTE) network and also be able to evolve towards the 5G New Radio (NR). For existing Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas, when satisfying the better splitting performance of 8-channel beams, if switching to 4-channel beams, an adapter needs to be introduced. The adapter will bring losses, resulting in the deterioration of the existing network coverage and also increasing costs. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of this, this application provides an antenna device and a base station antenna system to more easily configure four of the six columns of oscillators as a 4T4R link and at the same time support the enhancement of soft splitting of the antenna device.
[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an antenna device, which includes: a first column of oscillators, a second column of oscillators, a third column of oscillators, a fourth column of oscillators, a fifth column of oscillators, and a sixth column of oscillators arranged at intervals in sequence along a first direction. The distance between the first column of oscillators and the second column of oscillators is H1, the distance between the second column of oscillators and the third column of oscillators is H2, the distance between the fourth column of oscillators and the fifth column of oscillators is H3, the distance between the fifth column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators is H4, and H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all within a first distance range. The distance between the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators is H5, and H5 is within a second distance range, and the minimum value in the second distance range is greater than the maximum value in the first distance range.
[0005] In this application, a set of channel ports can be configured through the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators, and another set of 4-channel ports can be configured through the first column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators. Thus, two sets of 4-channel ports can be configured in an antenna device. The two sets of 4-channel ports are respectively connected to a corresponding radio unit (RU) with four radio frequency channels, and two four-transmitter four-receiver (4T4R) transceiver links can be formed, that is, a dual 4T4R link. Among them, there is a relatively larger distance between the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators, which results in relatively less interference between the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators. A set of 4-channel ports can be configured through the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators, and it is easier to make the beam width required for the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators to configure 4-channel ports, such as a 65° beam width, so that the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators can radiate a better antenna pattern through the 4-channel ports, reducing interference between cells.
[0006] In a possible implementation, the first column of oscillators includes two first ports, and the sixth column of oscillators includes two other first ports. The four first ports are used to connect to a first radio unit to configure a first transceiver link. The first radio unit includes four first channels, and the four first ports are signal-connected to the four first channels in one-to-one correspondence; and / or, the third column of oscillators includes two second ports, and the fourth column of oscillators includes two other second ports. The four second ports are used to connect to a second radio unit to configure a second transceiver link. The second radio unit includes four second channels, and the four second ports are signal-connected to the four second channels in one-to-one correspondence. Among them, a 4T4R link can be formed between the four first ports and the four first channels, and another 4T4R link can be formed between the four second ports and the four second channels. These two 4T4R links can be configured alternatively, or can be configured simultaneously to form a dual 4T4R link.
[0007] In a possible implementation, at least some of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators, the second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, the fifth column of oscillators, and the sixth column of oscillators are connected to a radio unit to configure a third transceiver link for supporting the formation of split beams. Among them, the third transceiver link is used to support the LTE scenario, achieve good splitting characteristics, and can ensure the orthogonality of baseband weights in different directions, thereby ensuring good antenna performance.
[0008] In a possible implementation, the third transceiver link includes a first link. The second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators each include two third ports. The third ports of the second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators are used to connect to a third radio frequency unit to configure the first link. The third radio frequency unit includes eight third channels, and the eight third ports are signal-connected to the eight third channels of the second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators one by one. Thus, a transceiver link of eight transmit antennas and eight receive antennas (Eight Transmitter Eight Receiver, 8T8R) can be formed, that is, an 8T8R link. The 8T8R link can obtain good soft splitting characteristics in the LTE scenario. At the same time, the average spacing of the four columns of oscillators is slightly greater than 0.5 times the wavelength, so that the antenna beam hardly has grating lobes and can support the smooth evolution of 5G NR.
[0009] In a possible implementation, the operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link; and / or, the operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency band corresponding to the second transceiver link.
[0010] In a possible implementation, the four first ports of the first column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are signal-connected to the four first channels of the four first radio frequency units one by one, so that the first transceiver link can be configured as a 4T4R link. The third transceiver link includes a second link. The second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators each include two fourth ports. The fourth ports of the second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators are used to connect to a fourth radio frequency unit to configure the second link. The fourth radio frequency unit includes eight fourth channels, and the eight fourth ports are signal-connected to the eight fourth channels of the second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators one by one, that is, the second link can be configured as an 8T8R link. The operating frequency band corresponding to the second link is the same as the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link. Among them, the above 4T4R link and 8T8R link can be configured simultaneously. The operating frequency band corresponding to the second link is the same as the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link, that is, the 4T4R link and the 8T8R link are jointly equivalent to a 12T12R link. This 12T12R link can be connected to the same radio frequency unit. This connection method can enable the six columns of oscillators to perform joint beamforming, so that a three-split beam can be constructed, which can increase the LTE capacity by 30% - 40%, and at the same time can support the evolution of LTE and 5G NR.
[0011] In a possible implementation, the antenna device further includes a power splitter network. The oscillators of at least some of the first column of oscillators, the second column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, the fifth column of oscillators, and the sixth column of oscillators are connected to the input end of the power splitter network, and the output end of the power splitter network is used to connect to a radio frequency unit. Among them, through the power splitter network, the multi-path signal energy of the oscillators of at least some of the above six columns of oscillators can be combined into one output, so as to be configured to support the LTE scenario and obtain good soft splitting performance.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the power splitter network includes a first power splitter and a second power splitter. The first column of oscillators and the third column of oscillators are combined and output a first radio frequency signal through the first power splitter. The power ratio of the output of the first power splitter is 1:1, and the difference in the feeder lengths of the first column of oscillators and the third column of oscillators is 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device. The fourth column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are combined and output a second radio frequency signal through the second power splitter. The power ratio of the output of the second power splitter is 1:1, and the difference in the feeder lengths of the fourth column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators is 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device. The third transceiver link includes a third link; the first power splitter, the second power splitter, the second column of oscillators, and the fifth column of oscillators are all connected to a fifth radio frequency unit to configure the third link. Among them, through the first power splitter and the second power splitter, four radio frequency signals can be output by six columns of oscillators, so that the antenna device can be configured as a Software Defined Antenna (SDA) and can be configured as a Four Transmitter For Six Sectors (4T6S), which can realize the expansion of the LTE network, and the capacity is enhanced by nearly 20%. At the same time, the distances between the first column of oscillators 1 and the third column of oscillators 3, and between the fourth column of oscillators 4 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 are both small, which will not cause the generation of grating lobes, can support the smooth evolution of 5G NR, and can help operators save fixed investment and operating costs.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the functional network includes a third power divider, a fourth power divider, and a fifth power divider. The first column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators are combined through the third power divider to output a fifth RF signal, and the power ratio output by the third power divider is x:1, where x is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5. The second column of oscillators and the fifth column of oscillators are combined through the fourth power divider to output a sixth RF signal, and the power ratio output by the fourth power divider is 1:1. The third column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are combined through the fifth power divider to output a seventh RF signal, and the power ratio output by the fifth power divider is 1:y, where y is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5. The third transceiver link includes a fourth link; the third power divider, the fourth power divider, and the fifth power divider are all connected to the sixth RF unit to configure the fourth link. Among them, the third power divider, the fourth power divider, and the fifth power divider can all be connected to the sixth RF unit to configure the above-mentioned fourth link, so that the antenna device is configured as an SDA antenna and can be configured as a two-channel nine-sector (Two Transmitter For Nine Sectors, 2T9S), which can realize further expansion of the LTE network and can achieve about 2.0 times the capacity of LTE.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the fifth RF signal includes three first RF signals with different phases. The three first RF signals cover three split first sectors, and each first RF signal covers a corresponding first sector. The sixth RF signal includes three second RF signals with different phases. The three second RF signals cover three split second sectors, and each second RF signal covers a corresponding second sector. The seventh RF signal includes three third RF signals with different phases. The three third RF signals cover three split third sectors, and each third RF signal covers a corresponding third sector. Among them, as described above, each antenna unit in each oscillator column can be a dual-polarized antenna unit, so that each oscillator column can have two output ports. In this embodiment, the fifth RF signal, the sixth RF signal, and the seventh RF signal are respectively output from the corresponding two output ports. That is to say, the antenna device can be configured to have a total of six antenna output ports, and these six antenna output ports can be respectively connected to the six RF channels of the sixth RF unit.
[0015] In a possible implementation, the antenna device further includes a resonant unit. The resonant unit is capacitively coupled to at least some of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the sixth column of oscillators, and is configured to narrow the beamwidth of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, or the sixth column of oscillators to between 55° and 75°, thereby facilitating the configuration of a 4T4R link or a 2T2R link.
[0016] In a possible implementation, the resonant unit includes a plurality of resonators. The plurality of resonators are arranged in an array, and the maximum length dimension of the resonator is less than or equal to 0.25λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the oscillator adjacent to the resonant unit.
[0017] In a possible implementation, H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all greater than or equal to 0.45λ and less than or equal to 0.55λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating band of the antenna device. By setting H1, H2, H3, and H4 within the above wavelength range, it is beneficial for the LTE network to obtain good soft splitting characteristics.
[0018] In a possible implementation, H5 is greater than or equal to 0.6λ and less than or equal to 0.8λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating band of the antenna device. By setting H5 within the above wavelength range, it is beneficial for the configuration of a 4T4R link.
[0019] In a possible implementation, H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all greater than or equal to 70 mm and less than or equal to 85 mm, and H5 is greater than or equal to 93 mm and less than or equal to 124 mm. By setting H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 within the above corresponding physical distance ranges, it is beneficial for the LTE network to obtain good soft splitting characteristics and for the configuration of a 4T4R link.
[0020] In a possible implementation, the resonance points of the first column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are within the frequency band of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz. The resonance points of the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators are within the frequency band of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz.
[0021] In a possible implementation, H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all greater than or equal to 162 mm and less than or equal to 198 mm, and H5 is greater than or equal to 216 mm and less than or equal to 288 mm. By setting H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 within the above corresponding physical distance ranges, it is beneficial for the LTE network to obtain good soft splitting characteristics and for the configuration of a 4T4R link.
[0022] In a possible implementation, the resonance points of the first column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are in the frequency band of 617 MHz to 960 MHz;
[0023] The resonance points of the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators are in the frequency band of 690 MHz to 960 MHz.
[0024] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a base station antenna system, which is characterized by including a radio frequency unit and the antenna device provided in the first aspect of the present application. The oscillators in the antenna device are connected to the radio frequency unit to receive or transmit radio frequency signals. Among them, the base station antenna system including the antenna device provided in the first aspect of the present application has similar technical effects to the aforementioned antenna device, which will not be elaborated here.
[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 2 Topological diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application;
[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application;
[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of configuring baseband weights through four columns of oscillators in the antenna device;
[0031] Figure 5 For Figure 4 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shown;
[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application;
[0033] Figure 7 For Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shown;
[0034] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the antenna device provided in another embodiment of the present application;
[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0037] Figure 11 Front view of a resonant unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0038] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0039] Figure 13 For Figure 12 Radiation pattern of the antenna device shown;
[0040] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0041] Figure 15 For Figure 14 Radiation pattern of the antenna device shown;
[0042] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0043] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0044] Reference signs:
[0045] 1 - First column of oscillators;
[0046] 2 - Second column of oscillators;
[0047] 3 - Third column of oscillators;
[0048] 4 - Fourth column of oscillators;
[0049] 5 - Fifth column of oscillators;
[0050] 6 - Sixth column of oscillators;
[0051] 7 - First radio frequency unit;
[0052] 8 - Second radio frequency unit;
[0053] 9 - Third radio frequency unit;
[0054] 10 - Fourth radio frequency unit;
[0055] 11 - Fifth radio frequency unit;
[0056] 12 - Sixth radio frequency unit;
[0057] 13 - Resonant unit;
[0058] 131 - Resonant element;
[0059] 14 - First oscillator;
[0060] 15 - Second oscillator;
[0061] 16 - Third oscillator;
[0062] 17 - Fourth oscillator;
[0063] 18 - Power distribution network;
[0064] X - First direction;
[0065] Y - Second direction. Detailed implementation manners
[0066] For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0067] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0068] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms of "a", "the" and "said" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0069] It should be understood that the term " / and" used herein is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.
[0070] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or stated, the term "plural" means two or more; the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0071] With the development of 5G technology, more requirements are put forward for antennas. For example, antennas need to be able to improve the capacity of the existing Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology in the network and also be able to evolve towards the 5G New Radio (NR). For example, for existing Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas, when meeting the splitting performance for forming 8-channel beams optimally, it will lead to sub-optimal performance in evolving the existing antennas to form 4-channel beams, with the beam width broadening, thereby increasing the interference between cells, which is unacceptable to operators. Exemplarily, for an antenna device composed of six columns of oscillators, in order to meet the splitting performance for forming 8-channel beams optimally, the spacing between adjacent two oscillators in the middle four columns of oscillators needs to satisfy 0.5λ, where λ is the free space wavelength. However, the oscillators corresponding to a 0.5λ spacing have a wave width of approximately 90°. If the middle four columns of oscillators are configured to form 4-channel beams, an adapter needs to be introduced to narrow the wave width of approximately 90° to approximately 65°. However, using an adapter will bring losses, resulting in deteriorated coverage of the existing network, and at the same time will also increase costs, which is unacceptable to operators. If the adapter is not used, the oscillators have a wave width of approximately 90°, which will lead to increased interference between cells, resulting in deterioration of key KPI indicators such as the call drop rate and handover failure rate in the existing network, which is also unacceptable to operators.
[0072] In addition, for existing antennas with multiple columns of oscillators, in order to improve the baseband soft splitting performance in the LTE scenario, it is usually necessary to configure baseband splitting weights for some oscillators. Among them, the baseband weights in the horizontal direction can be configured for the antenna array. The baseband weights in the horizontal direction can be understood as performing amplitude and phase transformation on the baseband signal and completing the mapping of the baseband signal to the RF channel. It should be noted that configuring the baseband weights in the horizontal direction for the antenna array means configuring the baseband weights in the horizontal direction for each antenna element of the array. The baseband weights in the horizontal direction of the antenna array include the baseband weights in the horizontal direction corresponding to each antenna element, and the baseband weights in the horizontal direction of the antenna array are used to determine the beam attributes in the horizontal direction of the beam. The beam attributes in the horizontal direction of the beam mainly include the pointing and shape of the beam in the horizontal direction. In other words, the shape of the beam and the pointing of the beam in the horizontal direction can be determined according to the arrangement of the antenna elements and their corresponding baseband weights in the horizontal direction. Similarly, the baseband weights in the vertical direction can also be configured for the antenna array. It can be understood that each antenna element should have the corresponding baseband weights in the vertical direction. The baseband weights in the vertical direction of the antenna array include the baseband weights in the vertical direction corresponding to each antenna element, and the baseband weights in the vertical direction of the antenna array are used to determine the beam attributes in the vertical direction of the beam. The baseband weights in the vertical direction can be understood as the mapping of the baseband signal to the RF channel. The beam attributes in the vertical direction corresponding to the beam mainly include the pointing and shape of the beam in the vertical direction. In other words, the shape of the beam in the vertical direction and the pointing of the beam in the vertical direction can be determined according to the arrangement of the antenna elements and the baseband weights in the vertical direction. Through the above method, the beam attributes in the vertical direction corresponding to the beam can be determined by setting the baseband weights in the vertical direction of the antenna elements, thereby improving the flexibility of beam adjustment.
[0073] Exemplarily, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of configuring baseband weights for the antenna device through four columns of oscillators. Refer to Figure 4 , for four columns of oscillators arranged in sequence in the first direction X (from left to right are the first oscillator 14, the second oscillator 15, the third oscillator 16, and the fourth oscillator 17), the first oscillator 14 and the second oscillator 15 can configure the baseband weights in one direction, and the third oscillator 16 and the fourth oscillator 17 can configure the baseband weights in another direction. However, this configuration will result in poor splitting performance. Figure 5 For Figure 4 Pattern of the antenna device shown. Refer to Figure 5 , Figure 4 The connection method of the antenna device shown can radiate in two directions, and there is a large area of overlap between the radiation areas in the two directions, which will cause significant interference in the radiation of the antenna device in the two areas.
[0074] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device, which can be applied to a base station antenna system for receiving or transmitting electromagnetic waves. It should be understood that the antenna device and the base station antenna system provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system or 5th-generation (5G) mobile communication technology, etc. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific communication system.
[0075] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 1 , the antenna device provided by the present application includes a first column of oscillators 1, a second column of oscillators 2, a third column of oscillators 3, a fourth column of oscillators 4, a fifth column of oscillators 5, and a sixth column of oscillators 6 arranged at intervals in sequence along the first direction X. In a possible implementation manner, the first direction X can be a single straight line direction. Each column of oscillators can include a plurality of antenna units, and each antenna unit can independently receive or transmit electromagnetic waves. In a possible implementation manner, the antenna units in each column of oscillators can be arrayed in the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.
[0076] Figure 2 is a topology diagram of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 2, the distance between the first column of oscillators 1 and the second column of oscillators 2 is H1, the distance between the second column of oscillators 2 and the third column of oscillators 3 is H2, the distance between the fourth column of oscillators 4 and the fifth column of oscillators 5 is H3, the distance between the fifth column of oscillators 5 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 is H4, and H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all within the first distance range. The distance between the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 is H5, and H5 is within the second distance range. Among them, both the first distance range and the second distance range have a maximum value and a minimum value, and the minimum value in the second distance range is greater than the maximum value in the first distance range.
[0077] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application with a certain configuration. Refer to Figure 3 , the distance H5 between the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 is greater than H1, H2, H3, and H4, so that relatively less interference is generated between the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4. A group of 4-channel ports can be configured through the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4, and it is easier to configure the wave width required for the 4-channel ports by the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4, such as a 65° wave width, so that the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 radiate a better antenna pattern through the 4-channel ports, reducing interference between cells.
[0078] In addition, the other four columns of oscillators located between the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 have adjacent oscillators on both sides, so that the other oscillators located between the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 will be subject to coupling interference from the adjacent oscillators on both sides, making it difficult to configure 4-channel ports. In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 are located at the outermost edges, and the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 have adjacent oscillators on only one side. That is to say, the first column of oscillators 1 is only coupled to the adjacent oscillator on the side facing the sixth column of oscillators 6, and the sixth column of oscillators 6 is only coupled to the adjacent oscillator on the side facing the first column of oscillators 1, so that the interference received by the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 is relatively small, and the wave width is relatively narrow, making it easier to configure the wave width required for the 4-channel ports, such as a 65° wave width.
[0079] Thus, refer to Figure 3, a group of four-channel ports can be configured through the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4, and another group of four-channel ports can be configured through the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6. Thus, two groups of four-channel ports can be configured in an antenna device. The two groups of four-channel ports are respectively connected to a corresponding radio unit (RU) with four radio frequency channels to form two four-transmitter four-receiver (4T4R) transceiver links, that is, dual 4T4R links. Among them, the radio unit can be a remote radio unit (RRU). In a possible implementation, the two 4T4R links can support different frequency bands. Exemplarily, for the intermediate frequency, the 4T4R link configured by the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can support the frequency band of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz, and the 4T4R link configured by the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 can support the frequency band of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz. For the low frequency, the 4T4R link configured by the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can support the frequency band of 617 MHz to 960 MHz, and the 4T4R link configured by the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 can support the frequency band of 690 MHz to 960 MHz. That is to say, compared with the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 in the middle, the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 support a wider bandwidth. In a possible implementation, the two 4T4R links can also both support the same frequency band. Exemplarily, for the intermediate frequency, both 4T4R links can support the frequency band of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz. For the low frequency, both 4T4R links can support the frequency band of 690 MHz to 960 MHz. That is to say, the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 at the edge support the same bandwidth as the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 in the middle.
[0080] In a possible implementation, within the frequency band range of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz, for the 4T4R RRU corresponding to the 4T4R link, it can support any communication frequency band within the range of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz, such as 1.4G, 1.8G (Band 3), 2.1G (Band 1), 2.3G (Band 40), or 2.6G (Band 7 or Band 38), etc. In addition, the 4T4R RRU can also support combinations of any several communication frequency bands within the range of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz, such as 1.8 / 2.1G, 2.3 / 2.6G, 1.8 / 2.1 / 2.6G, etc. In a possible implementation, within the frequency band range of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz, for the 4T4R RRU corresponding to the 4T4R link, it can support any communication frequency band within the range of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz, such as 1.8G (Band 3), 2.1G (Band 1), 2.3G (Band 40), or 2.6G (Band 7 or Band 38), etc., as well as other operator frequency bands within the above frequency band range, such as 2.0G. In addition, the 4T4R RRU can also support combinations of any several communication frequency bands within the range of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz, such as 1.8 / 2.1G, 2.3 / 2.6G, 1.8 / 2.1 / 2.6G, etc.
[0081] In a possible implementation, it is possible to select and configure a 4T4R link, that is, a 4T4R link can be configured by the third row of oscillators 3 and the fourth row of oscillators 4, or a 4T4R link can also be configured by the first row of oscillators 1 and the sixth row of oscillators 6. In another embodiment, it is also possible to select and configure a dual 4T4R link. In some other embodiments, since the wave width of the first row of oscillators 1, the third row of oscillators 3, the fourth row of oscillators 4, or the sixth row of oscillators 6 satisfies 55° to 75°, any one of the first row of oscillators 1, the third row of oscillators 3, the fourth row of oscillators 4, or the sixth row of oscillators 6 can be configured as a transceiver link for two antennas transmitting and two antennas receiving (Two Transmitter Two Receiver, 2T2R). Exemplarily, a 4T4R link can be configured as one or two 2T2R links.
[0082] In a possible implementation, H1, H2, H3, and H4 can all be greater than or equal to 0.45λ and less than or equal to 0.55λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Among them, H1, H2, H3, and H4 can be the same or different. Exemplarily, H1, H2, H3, and H4 can be 0.45λ, 0.5λ, 0.55λ, etc. In a possible implementation, H5 can be greater than or equal to 0.6λ and less than or equal to 0.8λ. Exemplarily, H5 can be 0.6λ, 0.7λ, 0.8λ, etc., where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device. By making H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5 satisfy the above corresponding wavelength ranges, a dual 4T4R link can be configured without using an adapter, and the overall size of the antenna device can be taken into account to achieve the miniaturized design of the antenna.
[0083] In a possible implementation, for the intermediate frequency, the resonance points corresponding to the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can be in the frequency band of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz. The resonance points corresponding to the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 can be in the frequency band of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz. Among them, in order to take into account the soft splitting performance of the LTE network, the operating frequency band of the antenna device can specifically be a Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) band, and the core frequency range of FDD is 1710 MHz to 2170 MHz, and the center frequency is 1940 MHz. Thus, the physical distances corresponding to H1, H2, H3, and H4 within the range of 0.45λ to 0.55λ can all be greater than or equal to 70 mm and less than or equal to 85 mm. Exemplarily, the physical distances corresponding to H1, H2, H3, and H4 can be 70 mm, 77 mm, 80 mm, 85 mm, etc. The physical distance corresponding to H5 within the range of 0.6λ to 0.8λ can be greater than or equal to 93 mm and less than or equal to 124 mm. Exemplarily, the physical distance corresponding to H5 can be 93 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 124 mm, etc. In some other embodiments, the antenna device can also use the frequency band of 2500 MHz to 2690 MHz, and this embodiment does not limit this.
[0084] In a possible implementation, for low frequencies, the resonance points corresponding to the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can be in the frequency band of 617 MHz to 960 MHz. The resonance points corresponding to the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 can be in the frequency band of 690 MHz to 960 MHz. Among them, in order to balance the soft splitting performance of the LTE network, the operating frequency band of the antenna device can specifically be the FDD frequency band. The frequency range of FDD low-frequency LTE and NR is 703 MHz to 960 MHz, and the center frequency is 831.5 MHz. Thus, the physical distances corresponding to H1, H2, H3, and H4 within the range of 0.45λ to 0.55λ can all be greater than or equal to 162 mm and less than or equal to 198 mm. Exemplarily, the physical distances corresponding to H1, H2, H3, and H4 can be 162 mm, 170 mm, 180 mm, 198 mm, etc. The physical distance corresponding to H5 within the range of 0.6λ to 0.8λ can be greater than or equal to 216 mm and less than or equal to 288 mm. Exemplarily, the physical distance corresponding to H5 can be 216 mm, 230 mm, 255 mm, 288 mm, etc. Thus, through one antenna device, the deployment of low-frequency antennas and intermediate-frequency antennas can be achieved in this application.
[0085] As described above, using two columns out of four columns of oscillators to configure the baseband weights in one direction will result in poor splitting performance. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of this application with a second configuration. Refer to Figure 6 , in this embodiment, at least some columns of oscillators among the first column of oscillators 1, the second column of oscillators 2, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, the fifth column of oscillators 5, and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can be configured with baseband weights in different directions. Exemplarily, the first column of oscillators 1, the second column of oscillators 2, and the third column of oscillators 3 can be configured with baseband weights in one direction, and the fourth column of oscillators 4, the fifth column of oscillators 5, and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can be configured with baseband weights in another direction. This connection method can obtain good splitting performance. Figure 7 For Figure 6 the radiation pattern of the antenna device shown, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 6 the connection method of the antenna device shown can radiate in two directions, and there is a small overlapping area between the radiated areas in the two directions. Thus, the interference between the two areas can be reduced, and the capacity in the LTE scenario can be significantly improved, which can be increased by 10% to 20%.
[0086] For the antenna device provided in this application, by making the distance between the middle third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 relatively larger, it is possible to configure the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 as a 4T4R link without using an adapter. Since the adapter will cause a loss of 0.5 - 1 dB, in this embodiment, the loss caused by the adapter can be avoided, thereby reducing the coverage by 0.5 - 1 dB. At the same time, for the antenna device provided in this application, only one hardware deployment needs to be implemented, and the adaptation of the hardware of the RRU can be achieved, such as implementing dual 4T4R, 8T8R, 12T12R, etc., which can achieve the long-term evolution of LTE and 5G NR without the need to replace the antenna, and can help operators save fixed investment and operating costs. In a possible implementation, Figure 8 The shown radiation pattern corresponds to the antenna device where H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all 77 m and H5 is 100 mm. Refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The LTE network corresponding to the shown radiation pattern can obtain a relatively large capacity.
[0087] In a possible implementation, the antenna units in each column of oscillators are all dual-polarized antenna units, that is, each column of oscillators can have two ports. In this embodiment, only the +45° and -45° orthogonal dual-polarized antenna units are taken as examples to elaborate on the technical solution of this embodiment in detail, but this embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the antenna unit can be a 0° and 90° orthogonal dual-polarized antenna unit. In one embodiment, the first column of oscillators 1 includes two first ports, and the sixth column of oscillators 6 includes two other first ports. That is to say, the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 together include four first ports, and the four first ports are used to connect to the first radio frequency unit 7 to configure the first transceiver link. Among them, the first radio frequency unit 7 includes four first channels, and the four first ports are signal-connected to the four first channels one by one, so that the first transceiver link can be configured as a 4T4R link. In a possible implementation, the third column of oscillators 3 includes two second ports, and the fourth column of oscillators 4 includes two other second ports. That is to say, the third column of oscillators 3 and the fourth column of oscillators 4 together include four second ports, and the four second ports are used to connect to the second radio frequency unit 8 to configure the second transceiver link. Among them, the second radio frequency unit 8 includes four second channels, and the four second ports are signal-connected to the four second channels one by one, so that the second transceiver link can be configured as another 4T4R link. In a possible implementation, the above two 4T4R links can be configured alternatively or simultaneously to form a dual 4T4R link.
[0088] As described above, the first column of oscillators 1, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the sixth column of oscillators 6 can all be used to configure a 4T4R link. Configuring a 4T4R link requires the beam width of the corresponding oscillator to be between 55° and 75°. To this end, in one possible implementation, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 9 , the antenna device further includes a resonant unit 13. The resonant unit 13 can be disposed near at least some of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators 1, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the sixth column of oscillators 6. The resonant unit 13 can be capacitively coupled to the first column of oscillators 1, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the sixth column of oscillators 6. Thus, on the basis that H5 is greater than H1, H2, H3, and H4, the beam width of the first column of oscillators 1, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, or the sixth column of oscillators 6 can be narrowed to between 55° and 75° through the resonant unit 13. Exemplarily, the beam width of the corresponding oscillator can be narrowed to about 65°, which is beneficial to configuring a 4T4R link or a 2T2R link.
[0089] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 10 , in one possible implementation, the resonant unit 13 includes a plurality of resonant elements 131. The plurality of resonant elements 131 are arranged in an array. The shape of the resonant element 131 can be a square, a rectangle, etc. The maximum length dimension of the resonant element 131 is less than or equal to 0.25λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the oscillator adjacent to the resonant unit 13. Exemplarily, Figure 11 is a front view of a resonant unit 13 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 11 , the resonant unit 13 can be formed by arranging 16 resonant elements 131 into a 4×4 rectangular array. In some other embodiments, the resonant unit 13 can also be formed by arranging other numbers of resonant elements 131 in an array, which is not limited in this embodiment. The resonant unit 13 can be disposed near the corresponding column of oscillators, and one resonant unit 13 or multiple resonant units 13 can be disposed near the oscillators. The specific number and position of the resonant unit 13 can be determined according to the effect of narrowing the beam width of the oscillator.
[0090] In one possible implementation, as described above, at least some of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators 1, the second column of oscillators 2, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, the fifth column of oscillators 5, and the sixth column of oscillators 6 are connected to the radio frequency unit to configure a third transceiver link, which can be used to support the formation of split beams. The third transceiver link is used to support the LTE scenario, achieve good splitting characteristics, and can ensure the orthogonality of the baseband weights in different directions, thereby ensuring good antenna performance.
[0091] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 12 , in a possible implementation, the third transceiver link may include a first link. As described above, the antenna units in each column of oscillators may be dual-polarized antenna units, so that each column of oscillators has two ports respectively. In a possible implementation, the second column of oscillators 2, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the fifth column of oscillators 5 each include two third ports. That is to say, the second column of oscillators 2, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the fifth column of oscillators 5 together include eight third ports, and the eight third ports are used to connect to the third radio frequency unit 9 to configure the above-mentioned first link. Among them, the third radio frequency unit 9 includes eight third channels, and the eight third ports are signal-connected to the eight third channels one by one, thereby forming a transceiver link of eight antennas transmitting and eight antennas receiving (Eight Transmitter Eight Receiver, 8T8R), that is, an 8T8R link. Figure 13 For Figure 12 the radiation pattern of the antenna device shown, refer to Figure 13 , the 8T8R link can obtain good soft splitting characteristics in the LTE scenario. At the same time, the average spacing of the four columns of oscillators is slightly greater than 0.5 times the wavelength, so that the grating lobes of the antenna beam are suppressed, and it can support the smooth evolution of 5G NR.
[0092] In a possible implementation, the first link and the first transceiver link can be configured alternatively, or the first link and the second transceiver link can be configured alternatively. Exemplarily, the 8T8R link and the 4T4R link can be configured alternatively according to the application scenario. Among them, the operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link; or the operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency band corresponding to the second transceiver link; or the operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency bands corresponding to both the first transceiver link and the second transceiver link. Exemplarily, for the intermediate frequency band, the first transceiver link and / or the second transceiver link can support the frequency band of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz, and the first link can support the frequency band of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz. Exemplarily, for the low frequency band, the first transceiver link and / or the second transceiver link can support the frequency band of 617 MHz to 960 MHz, and the first link can support the frequency band of 690 MHz to 960 MHz.
[0093] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 14, in a possible implementation, as described above, the first column of oscillators 1 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 together include four first ports, and the four first ports are signal-connected to the four first channels of the four first radio frequency units one by one, so that the first transceiver link can be configured as a 4T4R link. The third transceiver link includes a second link. The second column of oscillators 2, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the fifth column of oscillators 5 each include two fourth ports. That is to say, the second column of oscillators 2, the third column of oscillators 3, the fourth column of oscillators 4, and the fifth column of oscillators 5 together include eight fourth ports, and the eight fourth ports are used to connect to the fourth radio frequency unit 10. The fourth radio frequency unit 10 includes eight fourth channels, and the eight fourth ports are signal-connected to the eight fourth channels one by one, that is, the second link can be configured as an 8T8R link. Among them, the above 4T4R link and 8T8R link can be configured simultaneously, and the operating frequency band corresponding to the second link is the same as the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link. That is, the 4T4R link and the 8T8R link are jointly equivalent to a 12T12R link, and the 12T12R link can be connected to the same radio frequency unit. This connection method can enable the six columns of oscillators to perform joint beamforming, so as to construct a triple-split beam (refer to Figure 15 ), which can increase the LTE capacity by 30% - 40%, and at the same time support the evolution of LTE and 5G NR.
[0094]
[0095] Figure 16 Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 16, in a possible implementation, the third transceiver link includes a third link. The power splitting network 18 may include a first power splitter and a second power splitter. The first column of oscillators 1 and the third column of oscillators 3 are combined through the first power splitter to output a first RF signal. The fourth column of oscillators 4 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 are combined through the second power splitter to output a second RF signal. The second column of oscillators 2 may output a third RF signal, and the fifth column of oscillators 5 may output a fourth RF signal. Among them, the power ratio output by the first power splitter is 1:1, and the difference in feeder lengths between the first column of oscillators 1 and the third column of oscillators 3 is 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the phase angle difference between the first column of oscillators 1 and the third column of oscillators 3 is approximately within an angular range near 180°. The power ratio output by the second power splitter is 1:1, and the difference in feeder lengths between the fourth column of oscillators 4 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 is 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the phase angle difference between the fourth column of oscillators 4 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 is approximately within an angular range near 180°. Among them, the first power splitter, the second power splitter, the second column of oscillators 2, and the fifth column of oscillators 5 can all be connected to the fifth RF unit to configure the above-mentioned third link. Through the first power splitter and the second power splitter, four RF signals can be output by six columns of oscillators, enabling the antenna device to be configured as a Software Defined Antenna (SDA) and can be configured as a Four Transmitter For Six Sectors (4T6S), capable of realizing the expansion and capacity enhancement of the LTE network. At the same time, the distances between the first column of oscillators 1 and the third column of oscillators 3, and between the fourth column of oscillators 4 and the sixth column of oscillators 6 are both small, which will not cause the generation of grating lobes, can support the smooth evolution of the 5G communication system, and can help operators save fixed investment and operating costs.
[0096] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 17, in a possible implementation, the third transceiver link includes a fourth link. The power splitter network 18 includes a third power splitter, a fourth power splitter, and a fifth power splitter. The first row of oscillators 1 and the fourth row of oscillators 4 are combined through the third power splitter to output a fifth RF signal, and the power ratio output by the third power splitter is x:1, where x is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5. The second row of oscillators 2 and the fifth row of oscillators 5 are combined through the fourth power splitter to output a sixth RF signal, and the power ratio output by the fourth power splitter is 1:1. The third row of oscillators 3 and the sixth row of oscillators 6 are combined through the fifth power splitter to output a seventh RF signal, and the power ratio output by the fifth power splitter is 1:y, where y is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5. Among them, the power ratio output by the third power splitter and the power ratio output by the fifth power splitter are symmetrically configured. Exemplarily, the power ratio output by the third power splitter is 0.5:1, and the power ratio output by the fifth power splitter is 1:0.5; Exemplarily, the power ratio output by the third power splitter is 0.4:1, and the power ratio output by the fifth power splitter is 1:0.4. Among them, the phase difference between the two oscillators corresponding to each power splitter is 0. In this embodiment, the third power splitter, the fourth power splitter, and the fifth power splitter can all be connected to the sixth RF unit to configure the above-mentioned fourth link, so that the antenna device is configured as an SDA antenna and can be configured as a two-channel nine-sector (Two Transmitter For Nine Sectors, 2T9S), which can realize further expansion of the LTE network.
[0097] In a possible implementation, the fifth RF signal includes three first RF signals with different phases. The three first RF signals cover three split first sectors, and each first RF signal covers a corresponding first sector. The sixth RF signal includes three second RF signals with different phases. The three second RF signals cover three split second sectors, and each second RF signal covers a corresponding second sector. The seventh RF signal includes three third RF signals with different phases. The three third RF signals cover three split third sectors, and each third RF signal covers a corresponding third sector.
[0098] Among them, as described above, each antenna unit in each row of oscillators can be a dual-polarized antenna unit, so that each row of oscillators can have two output ports. In this embodiment, the fifth RF signal, the sixth RF signal, and the seventh RF signal are respectively output from the corresponding two output ports. That is to say, the antenna device can be configured to have a total of six antenna output ports, and these six antenna output ports can be respectively connected to the six RF channels of the sixth RF unit 12.
[0099] In a possible implementation, the three first radio frequency signals are i1, i2, and i3 respectively. The three first radio frequency signals can be obtained by software-adjusting the phases of the original radio frequency signals ia, ib, and ic transmitted by the antenna. Exemplarily, appropriate baseband weights can be configured in software so that the corresponding first radio frequency signals i1, i2, and i3 are obtained after the original radio frequency signals are matched with the corresponding baseband weights. In a possible implementation, for the ports after being combined by each power divider, the baseband weights can be (0° / 120° / 240°), (0° / -120° / -240°), (0° / 0° / 0°). The two ports of the radio frequency unit corresponding to the fifth radio frequency signal can output signals i1, i2, and i3, where i1 = ia × 0°, i2 = ib × 0°, and i3 = ic × 0°. Similarly, the three second radio frequency signals are i4, i5, and i6 respectively. The two ports of the radio frequency unit corresponding to the sixth radio frequency signal can output signals i4, i5, and i6, where i4 = ia × 120°, i5 = ib × (-120°), and i6 = ic × 0°. The three third radio frequency signals are i7, i8, and i9 respectively. The two ports of the radio frequency unit corresponding to the seventh radio frequency signal can output signals i7, i8, and i9, where i7 = ia × 240°, i8 = ib × (-240°), and i9 = ic × 0°. Thus, by configuring the above baseband weights, a split beam can be formed, specifically configured as 2T9S, having a large LTE network capacity.
[0100] It should be noted that the first radio frequency unit, the second radio frequency unit, the third radio frequency unit, the fourth radio frequency unit, the fifth radio frequency unit, and the sixth radio frequency unit involved in any embodiment of the present application can be the same radio frequency unit or different radio frequency units.
[0101] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An antenna device, characterized in that, Including: The first row of oscillators, the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, the fifth row of oscillators, and the sixth row of oscillators arranged at intervals in sequence along the first direction; The distance between the first row of oscillators and the second row of oscillators is H1, the distance between the second row of oscillators and the third row of oscillators is H2, the distance between the fourth row of oscillators and the fifth row of oscillators is H3, the distance between the fifth row of oscillators and the sixth row of oscillators is H4, and H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all within the first distance range; The distance between the third row of oscillators and the fourth row of oscillators is H5, H5 is within the second distance range, and the minimum value in the second distance range is greater than the maximum value in the first distance range.
2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first row of oscillators includes two first ports, the sixth row of oscillators includes two other first ports, and the four first ports are used to connect to the first radio frequency unit to configure the first transceiver link. The first radio frequency unit includes four first channels, and the four first ports are signal-connected to the four first channels in one-to-one correspondence; and / or, The third row of oscillators includes two second ports, the fourth row of oscillators includes two other second ports, and the four second ports are used to connect to the second radio frequency unit to configure the second transceiver link. The second radio frequency unit includes four second channels, and the four second ports are signal-connected to the four second channels in one-to-one correspondence.
3. The antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least some of the oscillators in the first row of oscillators, the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, the fifth row of oscillators, and the sixth row of oscillators are connected to the radio frequency unit to configure the third transceiver link for supporting the formation of split beams.
4. The antenna device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third transceiver link includes a first link. The second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators each include two third ports. The third ports of the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators are used to connect to the third radio frequency unit to configure the first link; The third radio frequency unit includes eight third channels, and the eight third ports are signal-connected to the eight third channels of the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators in one-to-one correspondence.
5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link; and / or, The operating frequency band corresponding to the first link is different from the operating frequency band corresponding to the second transceiver link.
6. The antenna device according to claim 3, wherein The four first ports of the first row of oscillators and the sixth row of oscillators are signal-connected to the four first channels of the four first radio frequency units in one-to-one correspondence; The third transceiver link includes a second link. The second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators each include two fourth ports. The fourth ports of the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators are used to connect to the fourth radio frequency unit to configure the second link; The fourth RF unit includes eight fourth channels, and the eight fourth ports are signal-connected to the eight fourth channels of the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators in one-to-one correspondence; The operating frequency band corresponding to the second link is the same as the operating frequency band corresponding to the first transceiver link.
7. The antenna device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes a power distribution network. At least some of the oscillators in the first row of oscillators, the second row of oscillators, the third row of oscillators, the fourth row of oscillators, the fifth row of oscillators, and the sixth row of oscillators are connected to the input end of the power distribution network, and the output end of the power distribution network is used to connect to the RF unit.
8. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein The power distribution network includes a first power divider and a second power divider; The first row of oscillators and the third row of oscillators are combined through the first power divider to output a first RF signal. The power ratio output by the first power divider is 1:1, and the difference in feeder lengths between the first row of oscillators and the third row of oscillators is 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device; The fourth row of oscillators and the sixth row of oscillators are combined through the second power divider to output a second RF signal. The power ratio output by the second power divider is 1:1, and the difference in feeder lengths between the fourth row of oscillators and the sixth row of oscillators is 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device; The third transceiver link includes a third link; the first power divider, the second power divider, the second row of oscillators, and the fifth row of oscillators are all connected to the fifth RF unit to configure the third link.
9. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein The functional network includes a third power divider, a fourth power divider, and a fifth power divider; The first row of oscillators and the fourth row of oscillators are combined through the third power divider to output a fifth RF signal. The power ratio output by the third power divider is x:1, where x is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5; The second row of oscillators and the fifth row of oscillators are combined through the fourth power divider to output a sixth RF signal. The power ratio output by the fourth power divider is 1:1; The third row of oscillators and the sixth row of oscillators are combined through the fifth power divider to output a seventh RF signal. The power ratio output by the fifth power divider is 1:y, where y is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5; The third transceiver link includes a fourth link; the third power divider, the fourth power divider, and the fifth power divider are all connected to the sixth RF unit to configure the fourth link.
10. The antenna device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fifth RF signal includes three first RF signals with different phases. The three first RF signals cover three split first sectors, and each first RF signal covers a corresponding first sector; The sixth RF signal includes three second RF signals with different phases. The three second RF signals cover three split second sectors, and each second RF signal covers a corresponding second sector; The seventh RF signal includes three third RF signals with different phases. The three third RF signals cover three split third sectors, and each third RF signal covers a corresponding third sector.
11. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a resonant unit, which is capacitively coupled to at least some of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, and the sixth column of oscillators, and is used to narrow the wave width of the oscillators in the first column of oscillators, the third column of oscillators, the fourth column of oscillators, or the sixth column of oscillators.
12. The antenna device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The resonant unit includes a plurality of resonant elements, which are arranged in an array, and the maximum length dimension of the resonant element is less than or equal to 0.25λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the oscillator adjacent to the resonant unit.
13. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all greater than or equal to 0.45λ and less than or equal to 0.55λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device.
14. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The H5 is greater than or equal to 0.6λ and less than or equal to 0.8λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna device.
15. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all greater than or equal to 70 mm and less than or equal to 85 mm, and the H5 is greater than or equal to 93 mm and less than or equal to 124 mm.
16. The antenna device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The resonant points of the first column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are in the frequency band of 1425 MHz to 2690 MHz; The resonant points of the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators are in the frequency band of 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz.
17. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all greater than or equal to 162 mm and less than or equal to 198 mm, and the H5 is greater than or equal to 216 mm and less than or equal to 288 mm.
18. The antenna device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The resonant points of the first column of oscillators and the sixth column of oscillators are in the frequency band of 617 MHz to 960 MHz; The resonant points of the third column of oscillators and the fourth column of oscillators are in the frequency band of 690 MHz to 960 MHz.
19. A base station antenna system, characterized in that, It includes a radio frequency unit and the antenna device according to any one of claims 1-18, and the oscillators in the antenna device are connected to the radio frequency unit to receive or transmit radio frequency signals.