Soybean and corn strip-shaped composite seeding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a strip-shaped compound seeding machine for soybeans and corns. The strip-shaped compound seeding machine comprises a rack, a seeding component, a driving component, a pressing component, a fertilizing component, a stubble cleaning component and a transmission component, the seeding component, the driving component, the fertilizing component and the transmission component are all mounted on the rack, the pressing component is mounted on the seeding component, the stubble cleaning component is arranged in front of the fertilizing component, and the transmission component is respectively connected with the seeding component and the fertilizing component. The soybean and corn compound seeder can adjust the position of the grooved wheel of the fertilizer apparatus, realizes differentiated quantitative fertilization of soybeans and corns, and improves the production efficiency; appropriate pressing force is provided for the soybeans and the corn by adjusting the pressing bolt; the stubble cleaning part is installed in front of the fertilizing part and is driven by a power output shaft of a tractor to rotate, and the purposes of small occupied space, high rotating speed and rapid stubble cleaning are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery manufacturing, and in particular relates to a soybean-corn belt-shaped composite seeder for simultaneously sowing corn and soybean. Background Art

[0002] Intercropping of soybeans and corn can make full use of light and heat resources and give play to the symbiotic and complementary effects. However, traditional seeders are mostly designed for single crops or manually operated, lacking the coordinated seeding function for compound planting, which can easily cause seed waste or uneven plant spacing. The application of precision seeding technology in single crops is already relatively mature, and there is still a lot of room for improvement in the precision seeding of multiple crops in the scenario of compound planting. The traditional soybean and corn intercropping model has a complex process, low operating efficiency, and low compatibility with modern mechanical operations. In order to increase the production and income of soybeans and corn, it is necessary to combine the traditional planting model with the full mechanization process. With the intelligent upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment, the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy is promoted, and it is clearly proposed to support the research and development of agricultural machinery for compound planting. Compound planting technology will surely usher in a broad space for development. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a soybean-corn strip composite seeder, which can carry out planting and fertilizing at the same time, thereby improving production efficiency; can adjust the position of a fertilizer discharger groove wheel, thereby realizing differentiated quantitative fertilization of soybeans and corns, thereby improving production efficiency; can ensure that suitable pressing pressure is provided to soybeans and corns by adjusting the pressing bolts; a stubble destroying component is installed in front of the fertilizing component, and is driven to rotate by a tractor power output shaft, thereby achieving the purpose of occupying a small space, having a fast rotation speed, and rapidly destroying the stubbles.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A soybean-corn belt composite seeder, comprising a frame, a soybean sowing unit, a corn sowing unit, a stubble cleaning mechanism, a pressing wheel, a fertilizer box, a fertilizer furrow opener, a fertilizer discharger and a ground wheel, characterized in that:

[0006] The frame supports the whole machine, and various working parts are installed on it; the ground wheel provides power to the transmission shaft to achieve sowing and fertilization;

[0007] The described soybean-corn strip compound seeder consists of 6 seeding units. The 4 in the middle are soybean seeding units, and the two on both sides are corn seeding units, which are respectively installed at the rear end of the frame; the fertilizer box is divided into a left fertilizer box and a right fertilizer box, both of which are installed above the frame; the fertilizer application furrow opener is installed on both sides of the corn seeding unit; the fertilizer distributor is installed above and below the fertilizer distribution shaft and is connected to the fertilizer distribution pipe; the pressing wheels for soybeans and corn are both installed behind the soybean seeding unit and the corn seeding unit; there are two ground wheels, which are installed between the soybean seeding unit and the corn seeding unit, and provide power for the soybean seed metering device, the corn seed metering device and the fertilizer distributor through chain drive and gearbox; the stubble cleaning device is installed in front of the frame and mainly includes rotary tillage knives and roller shafts;

[0008] Preferably, the stubble cleaning structure includes rotary tillage knives, knife shafts, suspension brackets, and gearboxes; among them, the gearbox is used to receive the power output by the tractor and transmit it to the knife shaft;

[0009] The power is transmitted from the fan to the knife shaft through belt drive between the fan and the gearbox. The gearbox is located in the middle of the knife shaft and is installed on the suspension frame; 6 knife groups are installed on the rotary tillage knife shaft, and each knife group consists of 4 curved surface machetes. The curvature radius of each machete is 245mm, showing an axial progressive cutting trajectory and adopting an L-shaped cutting edge design; when viewed from the side, the 4 machetes are staggered, and the gap between the knives is small, which can effectively clean the stubble and weeds; during operation, the knife shaft is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft to cut the straw and throw it backward and upward.

[0010] Preferably, the pressing wheel is located behind the soybean seeding unit and the corn seeding unit; the pressing wheel uses a connecting rod to apply force to the hub through an adjusting bolt, so as to adjust the pressing force according to different pressing force requirements. After the seeds are sown into the seed furrow, the soil turned over during furrow opening is compacted;

[0011] Preferably, the fertilizer application device includes a left fertilizer box, a right fertilizer box, a fertilizer distribution shaft, a fertilizer distributor, a gearbox, a transmission shaft one, a fertilizer application pipe, and a longitudinal fertilizer box drive; the left and right fertilizer boxes are located above the frame. The transmitted power is transmitted from the ground wheel to the fertilizer distribution shaft through the left and right longitudinal fertilizer box drives. Under the action of the fertilizer distribution shaft, the fertilizer automatically flows from the fertilizer box into the fertilizer distributor. By adjusting the position of the fertilizer distributor grooved wheel, differential quantitative fertilization of soybeans and corn is realized, and it falls into the fertilization furrow through the fertilizer application pipe to complete the fertilization operation;

[0012] Preferably, except for the seed metering device, the soybean seeding unit and the corn seeding unit both include a seed box, a seeding unit frame, a press wheel, a furrow opener, a chain drive, and a profiling four-bar linkage mechanism; the seed box is installed above the seeding unit frame and is connected to the seed metering device below; the press wheel is installed behind the seeding unit frame, mainly functioning to cover and press the soil; the furrow opener is located below the seeding unit frame, and the seeds discharged by the seed metering device fall into the seed furrows opened by the furrow opener; the profiling four-bar linkage mechanism is connected to the second transmission shaft, providing power for the seed metering device.

[0013] Preferably, the power transmitted by the ground wheel drive system is processed by the gearbox through the first transmission shaft and then transmitted to the third transmission shaft, and is transmitted to the second transmission shaft through the profiling four-bar linkage mechanism to drive the corn seed metering device; the first transmission shaft transmits force to the fertilizer distribution shaft through the longitudinal fertilizer tank drive, enabling the fertilizer distributor to apply fertilizer normally.

[0014] Preferably, the soybean-corn strip compound seeder with the "4 + 2" planting mode can be changed to the "2 + 2" soybean-corn planting mode by adjusting the row spacing between the soybean seeding units and changing the row spacing between the soybean seeding unit and the corn seeding unit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a workbench for a soybean-corn strip compound seeder, having the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) This soybean-corn compound seeder can adjust the position of the fertilizer distributor grooved wheel to achieve differential quantitative fertilization for soybeans and corn, improving production efficiency;

[0017] (2) By adjusting the press bolts, an appropriate pressing force can be provided for soybeans and corn;

[0018] (3) Six cutter groups are installed on the rotary tillage knife shaft. Each cutter group consists of four curved surface machetes. The curvature radius of each machete is 245 mm, with an axially progressive cutting trajectory. The L-shaped cutting edge design can significantly reduce energy consumption. When viewed from the side, the four machetes are staggered, and the gap between the knives is small, which can effectively clean the stubble and weeds, save power, and prevent blockage.

[0019] (4) By reducing the number of seeding units of the soybean-corn strip compound seeder with the "4 + 2" planting mode, it is changed to the "2 + 2" soybean-corn interplanting mode, achieving the purpose of adjusting the row spacing of the seeding units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall soybean-corn strip compound seeder of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizer application device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the corn seeding unit of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the soybean seeding unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ground wheel drive system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the stubble cleaning device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, 1 - fertilizer spreading shaft; 2 - blower; 3 - left fertilizer box; 4 - soybean seeding unit; 5 - corn seeding unit; 6 - seed box; 7 - pressing wheel;; 8 - depth-limiting wheel; 9 - seeding unit frame; 10 - soybean seed metering device; 11 - ground wheel; 12 - furrow opener; 13 - fertilizer application furrow opener; 14 - frame; 15 - gearbox; 16 - stubble cleaning mechanism; 17 - right fertilizer box; 18 - transmission shaft one; 19 - longitudinal fertilizer box drive; 20 - fertilizer application pipe; 21 - corn seed metering device; 22 - chain drive; 23 - profiling four-bar linkage; 24 - transmission shaft two; 25 - transmission shaft three; 26 - suspension bracket; 27 - rotary tillage gearbox; 28 - cutter shaft; 29 - rotary tillage blade; 30 - adjusting bolt; 31 - connecting bracket; 32 - wheel hub; 32 - fertilizer metering device 32. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] As Figure 1-7 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, a soybean-corn strip compound seeding machine includes a frame 14, a soybean seeding unit 4, a corn seeding unit 5, a stubble cleaning mechanism 16, a pressing wheel 7, a left fertilizer box 3, a right fertilizer box 17, a fertilizer application furrow opener 13, a fertilizer metering device 32 and a ground wheel 11:

[0032] The frame 14 plays a role in supporting the whole machine, and various working components are installed on it; the ground wheel 11 provides power for the transmission shaft to achieve seeding and fertilization;

[0033] The soybean-corn strip compound seeder consists of 6 seeding units. Among them, 4 in the middle are soybean seeding units 4, and the two on both sides are corn seeding units 5, which are respectively installed at the rear end of the frame 14; the fertilizer box is divided into a left fertilizer box 3 and a right fertilizer box 17, both of which are installed above the frame; the fertilizer application furrow opener 13 is installed on both sides of the corn seeding unit 5; the fertilizer distributor 32 is installed above and below the fertilizer distribution shaft 1 and is connected to the fertilizer application pipe 20; the press wheels 7 for soybeans and corn are both installed behind the soybean seeding unit 4 and the corn seeding unit 5; there are two ground wheels 11 in total, which are installed between the soybean seeding unit 4 and the corn seeding unit 5, and provide power for the soybean seed metering device 10, the corn seed metering device 21 and the fertilizer distributor 32 through the chain drive 22 and the gearbox 15; the stubble cleaning device 16 is installed in front of the frame 14 and mainly includes a rotary tillage blade 29 and a blade shaft 28;

[0034] As Figure 6 shown, the stubble cleaning structure 16 includes a rotary tillage blade 29, a blade shaft 28, a suspension bracket 26, and a rotary tillage gearbox 27; among them, the rotary tillage gearbox 27 is used to receive the power output by the tractor and transmit it to the blade shaft 28;

[0035] Power is transmitted from the fan 2 to the blade shaft 28 through a belt drive between the fan 2 and the rotary tillage gearbox 27. The rotary tillage gearbox 27 is located in the middle of the blade shaft 28 and is installed on the suspension frame 26; 6 cutter groups are installed on the rotary tillage blade shaft 28, and each cutter group consists of 4 curved surface bending blades 29. The curvature radius of each bending blade is 245 mm, showing an axially progressive cutting trajectory, and adopting an L-shaped cutting edge design; when viewed from the side, the 4 bending blades are staggered, and the gap between the blades is small, which can effectively clean the stubble and weeds; during operation, the blade shaft is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft to cut the straw and throw it backward and upward.

[0036] As Figure 7 shown, the press wheel 7 is located behind the soybean seeding unit 4 and the corn seeding unit 5; the press wheel 7 uses the connecting rod 31 through the adjusting bolt 30 to apply force on the wheel hub 32, so as to adjust the compaction force according to the requirements of different compaction forces. After the seeds are sown into the seed furrow, the soil turned over during furrow opening is compacted;

[0037] As Figure 2 shown, the fertilizer application device includes a left fertilizer box 3, a right fertilizer box 17, a fertilizer distribution shaft 1, a fertilizer distributor 32, a gearbox 15, a transmission shaft 1 18, a fertilizer application pipe 20 and a longitudinal fertilizer box drive 19; the left and right fertilizer boxes are located above the frame 14, and the transmitted power is given to the fertilizer distribution shaft 1 through the left and right longitudinal fertilizer box drives 19 by the ground wheel 11. Under the action of the fertilizer distribution shaft 1, the fertilizer automatically flows from the fertilizer box 17 into the fertilizer distributor 32. By adjusting the position of the fertilizer distributor sheave, differential quantitative fertilization of soybeans and corn is realized, and it falls into the fertilizer application furrow through the fertilizer application pipe 20 to complete the fertilizer application operation;

[0038] As Figure 3 、Figure 4 As shown, except for the different seed metering devices, the soybean seeding unit 4 and the corn seeding unit 5 both include a seed box 6, a seeding unit frame 9, a press wheel 7, a furrow opener 12, a chain drive 22, and a profiling four-bar linkage mechanism 23; the seed box 6 is installed above the seeding unit frame 9 and is connected to the seed metering device below. The press wheel 7 is installed behind the seeding unit frame 9, mainly playing the role of covering and pressing the soil; the furrow opener 12 is located below the seeding unit frame 9, and the seeds discharged by the seed metering device fall into the seed furrows opened by the furrow opener 12; the profiling four-bar linkage mechanism 23 is connected to the second transmission shaft 24 to provide power for the seed metering device.

[0039] As Figure 5 shown, the power transmitted by the ground wheel drive system 11 is processed by the first transmission shaft 18 through the gearbox 15 and then transmitted to the third transmission shaft 25 and then passed to the second transmission shaft 24 through the profiling four-bar linkage mechanism 23 to drive the corn seed metering device; the first transmission shaft 18 transmits the force to the fertilizer discharge shaft 1 through the longitudinal fertilizer box drive 19 so that the fertilizer applicator 32 can apply fertilizer normally.

[0040] The soybean-corn strip compound seeder in the "4 + 2" planting mode can be changed to the "2 + 2" soybean-corn planting mode by adjusting the row spacing between the soybean seeding units 4 and changing the row spacing between the soybean seeding unit 4 and the corn seeding unit 5.

[0041] Working principle:

[0042] The tractor is connected to the soybean-corn strip compound seeder through a hitch device, providing traction for the seeder to move forward and power for the blower 2 to generate negative pressure. The depth of the fertilizer furrow opened by the fertilizer furrow opener 13 and the depth of the rotary tiller 29 are adjusted by adjusting the height of the depth-limiting wheel 8: the press wheel 7 starts to rotate by friction with the ground. When the ground wheel 11 moves forward with the seeder, the friction force between it and the ground drives the drive system to operate, and the power is transmitted to the gearbox 15 through the chain drive 22 and shaft drive, driving the seed metering device and the fertilizer applicator 32 to rotate. The fertilizer furrow opener 13 opens a fertilizer furrow in the center of the front of the seedling belt. The fertilizer is discharged by the fertilizer applicator and falls into the fertilizer furrow through the fertilizer pipe 20 to complete deep fertilization in the center of the seedling belt; the power output shaft provides rotational power for the stubble cleaning device 16 to complete the cleaning and crushing of wheat straw and weeds, providing a good environment for the seeds to take root; the seeding furrow opener 12 opens seed furrows on the prepared seedling belt. The two seed metering devices 21 on the left and right rotate to discharge corn seeds, and the four seed metering devices 10 in the middle rotate to discharge soybean seeds. The discharged seeds fall into the seed furrows through the seed tubes and are covered and pressed by the press wheel 7 to complete the seeding process.

[0043] For those skilled in the art, they can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments and perform equivalent replacements of some technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soybean-corn strip compound seeder, comprising a frame (14), a soybean seeding unit (4), a corn seeding unit (5), a stubble cleaning mechanism (16), a press wheel (7), a left fertilizer box (3), a right fertilizer box (17), a fertilizer application furrow opener (13), a fertilizer distributor (32) and a ground wheel (11), characterized in that: The frame (14) serves to support the whole machine, and various working components are installed thereon; the ground wheel (11) provides power for the transmission shaft to achieve seeding and fertilization; The soybean-corn strip compound seeder is composed of 6 seeding monomers. Among them, 4 in the middle are soybean seeding units (4), and the two on both sides are corn seeding units (5), which are respectively installed at the rear end of the frame (14); the fertilizer boxes are divided into a left fertilizer box (3) and a right fertilizer box (17), both of which are installed above the frame; the fertilizer application furrow opener (13) is installed on both sides of the corn seeding unit (5); the fertilizer distributor (32) is installed on the fertilizer distribution shaft (1) and is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe (20) below; the press wheels (7) for soybeans and corn are both installed behind the soybean seeding unit (4) and the corn seeding unit (5); there are two ground wheels (11) in total, which are installed between the soybean seeding unit (4) and the corn seeding unit (5), and provide power for the soybean seed metering device (10), the corn seed metering device (21) and the fertilizer distributor (32) through a chain drive (22) and a gearbox (15); the stubble cleaning device (16) is installed in front of the frame (14) and mainly includes a rotary tillage blade (29) and a cutter shaft (28).

2. The soybean-corn strip compound seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stubble cleaning structure (16) includes a rotary tillage blade (29), a cutter shaft (28), a suspension bracket (26), and a rotary tillage gearbox (27); among them, the rotary tillage gearbox (27) is used to receive the power output by the tractor and transmit it to the cutter shaft (28); Power is transmitted from the blower (2) to the cutter shaft (28) through a belt drive between the rotary tillage gearbox (27). The rotary tillage gearbox (27) is located in the middle of the cutter shaft (28) and is installed on the suspension frame (26); 6 cutter groups are installed on the rotary tillage cutter shaft (28), and each cutter group is composed of 4 curved surface machetes (29). The curvature radius of each machete is 245 mm, showing an axially progressive cutting trajectory and adopting an L-shaped cutting edge design; when viewed from the side, the 4 machetes are staggered, and the gap between the knives is small, which can effectively clean the stubble and weeds; during operation, the cutter shaft is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft to cut the straw and throw it backward and upward.

3. The soybean-corn strip compound seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The press wheel (7) is located behind the soybean seeding unit (4) and the corn seeding unit (5); the press wheel (7) uses a connecting rod (31) to apply force to the hub (32) through an adjusting bolt (30), so as to adjust the pressing force according to different pressing force requirements. After the seeds are sown into the seed furrow, the soil turned over during furrow opening is compacted.

4. A soybean-corn strip compound seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described fertilizing device includes a left fertilizer box (3), a right fertilizer box (17), a fertilizer discharging shaft (1), a fertilizer discharger (32), a gearbox (15), a first transmission shaft (18), a fertilizer application pipe (20), and a longitudinal fertilizer box transmission (19); the left and right fertilizer boxes are located above the frame (14), and the transmitted power passes through the ground wheel (11) and the two longitudinal fertilizer box transmissions (19) on the left and right to the fertilizer discharging shaft (1). Under the action of the fertilizer discharging shaft (1), the fertilizer automatically flows from the fertilizer box into the fertilizer discharger (32). By adjusting the position of the grooved wheel of the fertilizer discharger, differential quantitative fertilization of soybeans and corn is achieved, and it falls into the fertilization ditch through the fertilizer discharging pipe (20) to complete the fertilization operation.

5. The soybean-corn strip compound seeder according to the claim is characterized in that: Except for the different seed dischargers, the described soybean seeding unit (4) and corn seeding unit (5) both include a seed box (6), a seeding unit frame (9), a press wheel (7), a furrow opener (12), a chain drive (22), and a profiling four-bar mechanism (23); the seed box (6) is installed above the seeding unit frame (9) and is connected to the seed discharger below. The press wheel (7) is installed behind the seeding unit frame (9), mainly playing the role of covering and pressing the soil; the furrow opener (12) is located below the seeding unit frame (9), and the seeds discharged by the seed discharger fall into the seed furrow opened by the furrow opener (12); the profiling four-bar mechanism (23) is connected to the second transmission shaft (24) to provide power for the seed discharger.

6. The soybean-corn strip compound seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmitted by the described ground wheel drive system (11) passes through the first transmission shaft (18), is processed by the gearbox (15), is transmitted to the third transmission shaft (25), and is transmitted to the second transmission shaft (24) through the profiling four-bar mechanism (23) to drive the corn seed discharger (21); the first transmission shaft (18) transmits the force to the fertilizer discharging shaft (1) through the longitudinal fertilizer box transmission (19) so that the fertilizer discharger (32) can fertilize normally.

7. A soybean-corn strip compound seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described soybean-corn strip compound seeder with a "4 + 2" planting mode can be changed to a "2 + 2" soybean-corn planting mode by adjusting the row spacing between the soybean seeding units (4) and changing the row spacing between the soybean seeding units (4) and the corn seeding units (5).

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