Crude oil dehydration device

Abstract

The present application provides a crude oil dehydration device, comprising a dehydration tank, an inlet pipe for guiding fluid is arranged at the bottom of the dehydration tank, a partition plate is in sealed connection with the dehydration tank, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the partition plate, a dehydration mechanism comprises a first separation cavity extending into the through hole, a plurality of second separation cavities are arranged outside the first separation cavity in the circumferential direction, and a connecting pipe is arranged between the first separation cavity and the second separation cavity, wherein an oil overflow port is arranged at the top of the first separation cavity, and a rotating blade is arranged in the first separation cavity. The present application is based on the innovative structure design of gravity separation and multi-stage cyclone separation, thereby overcoming the problems of low efficiency of gravity separation sedimentation dehydration, large limitations of processing capacity and dehydration intensity of single-stage cyclone separation equipment, and further realizing rapid separation of oil, gas and water three-phase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil-gas-water separation and oil-gas gathering and processing technology, and specifically to a crude oil dehydration device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most oilfields have entered the high water-cut or even ultra-high water-cut development stage, and the water content of the produced fluid from oil wells is gradually increasing. Onshore oilfields typically use multi-stage heating and settling methods for treatment, but this process results in a large proportion of ineffective heating load on the aqueous phase and low energy efficiency of the round-trip transportation system.

[0003] With the advancement of policies such as green dual-carbon targets, the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction in oilfield development are becoming increasingly stringent. The demand for rapid and efficient on-site crude oil dehydration is growing, and high-water-content crude oil dehydration treatment at wellheads and transfer stations is gaining popularity. However, on the one hand, traditional gravity separation equipment has limited separation intensity, making it difficult to meet the requirements for efficient and rapid crude oil dehydration; on the other hand, traditional cyclone separators have high separation intensity and efficiency, but their processing capacity is generally small and is greatly affected by the gas content of the produced fluid.

[0004] CN109382223A discloses a four-phase cyclone separator, which aims to separate media similar to oilfield produced fluids, containing crude oil, water, associated gas, and sediment in a single phase. This technical solution involves two symmetrically arranged downward-sloping tangential inlets on the sidewall of the cyclone separator; a gas phase tangential outlet at the top of the separator; an oil phase outlet pipe inserted into the cyclone separator; a gas phase separation chamber formed by the outer surface of the inner cone and the inner wall of the cyclone separator; a tangential flow channel at the lower end of the inner cone; the oil phase separation chamber positioned between the gas phase separation chamber and the water-solid separation chamber; and a solids collection chamber at the lower end of the water-solid separation chamber, with a water phase outlet pipe on its sidewall. This device, using symmetrically arranged tangential inlets on the sidewall, requires significant pressure to generate cyclone flow, resulting in substantial pressure loss. Furthermore, uneven inflow from the two inlets during operation easily leads to turbulent flow, and the separated crude oil has a high water content, making it difficult to meet separation requirements.

[0005] Therefore, it is desirable in the art to provide a crude oil dehydration device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a crude oil dehydration device, which is based on an innovative structural design of gravity separation and multi-stage cyclone separation, thereby overcoming the problems of low efficiency of gravity separation sedimentation dehydration and the large limitations of single-stage cyclone separation equipment in terms of processing capacity and dehydration intensity, so as to further realize the rapid separation of oil, gas and water phases.

[0007] According to the present invention, a crude oil dehydration device is provided, comprising a dehydration tank, wherein an inlet pipe for guiding fluid is provided at the bottom of the dehydration tank.

[0008] A partition plate forms a sealed connection with the dehydration tank, and the partition plate has multiple spaced through holes.

[0009] The dehydration mechanism includes a first separation chamber extending into the through hole, a plurality of second separation chambers arranged circumferentially outside the first separation chamber, and a connecting pipe disposed between the first separation chamber and the second separation chambers.

[0010] The first separation chamber has an oil overflow port at its top and a swirl-inducing blade inside.

[0011] The swirling blades are configured to cause the fluid to swirl and separate within the first separation chamber. The separated gas phase and a portion of the oil phase are discharged through the overflow port, while the remaining fluid enters the second separation chamber.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first separation chamber includes a swirling portion configured as a hollow sleeve and a separation portion configured as a hollow cone disposed above the swirling portion, wherein the flow area of ​​the separation portion gradually decreases in the direction away from the swirling portion.

[0013] In one embodiment, the swirl-initiating blade is configured as a spiral structure, and the swirl-initiating blade is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the swirling section.

[0014] In one embodiment, the dehydration mechanism further includes a flow-stabilizing cone concentrically arranged within the first separation chamber, and the swirl-inducing blade is axially positioned within the range of the flow-stabilizing cone.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second separation chamber is configured as a hollow sleeve, and the dewatering mechanism further includes a hollow cone-shaped diversion cavity disposed on the upper end face of the second separation chamber, and a drain outlet disposed on the lower end face of the second separation chamber.

[0016] The flow area of ​​the diversion cavity gradually increases in the direction away from the drain outlet. The fluid is separated by swirling under the constraint of the inner wall of the second separation cavity. The separated oil phase flows in the opposite direction under negative pressure and is discharged through the diversion cavity. The separated water phase is discharged through the drain outlet under the action of gravity and inertial force.

[0017] In one embodiment, the dehydration mechanism further includes a top oil cone concentrically arranged within the second separation chamber and used to promote the countercurrent flow of the oil phase, the top oil cone being located below the diversion chamber.

[0018] In one embodiment, the number of the second separation chambers is 2 to 6, and the number of the connecting pipes is 1 to 4.

[0019] In one embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the partition forms a sealed connection with the inner peripheral surface of the dehydration tank to divide the dehydration tank into a liquid distribution chamber and a settling chamber.

[0020] The crude oil dehydration device also includes a guide plate disposed in the liquid distribution chamber for promoting fluid diversion. The guide plate is constructed in an inverted conical shape, and the cone angle of the guide plate is aligned with the outlet end of the inlet pipe.

[0021] In one embodiment, the crude oil dehydration device further includes a conical oil collecting rack disposed in the settling chamber and above the dehydration mechanism. The conical oil collecting rack is composed of multiple frustum plates with a partially fan-shaped structure spliced ​​together, with gaps between adjacent frustum plates.

[0022] In one embodiment, the crude oil dehydration device further includes an oil drain pipe and a drain pipe spaced apart on the side wall of the dehydration tank, and an exhaust pipe disposed at the top of the dehydration tank, wherein the oil drain pipe is axially positioned above the conical oil collecting frame, and the drain pipe is fixed to the bottom side wall of the settling chamber.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] Firstly, this invention is based on an innovative structural design of gravity separation and multi-stage cyclone separation, thereby overcoming the problems of low sedimentation and dehydration efficiency of gravity separation and the large limitations of single-stage cyclone separation equipment in terms of processing capacity and dehydration intensity, so as to further realize the rapid separation of oil, gas and water phases.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention achieves two-stage separation through the first separation chamber and the second separation chamber, thereby improving the fine control of the three-phase separation process of oil, gas and water, and thus improving the separation efficiency and separation speed of the crude oil dehydration device.

[0026] Thirdly, this invention improves the overall compactness of the equipment and the efficiency of flow field utilization, and has the advantages of large processing capacity, high oil-water separation efficiency, and applicability to complex working conditions such as changes in gas content. Furthermore, this invention can be applied to the fields of oil-water separation and oil and gas gathering and transportation technology in the petroleum and chemical industries. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of the crude oil dehydration apparatus according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram showing the structure of the dehydration mechanism.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram shows the structure of the conical oil collection frame.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a top view of the conical oil collecting rack in the crude oil dehydration device according to the present invention.

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Furthermore, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "linking", "fixing", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components.

[0036] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the crude oil dehydration apparatus 100 according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram shows the structure of the dehydration mechanism 30.

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram shows the structure of the conical oil collector 50.

[0041] Figure 4This is a top view of the conical oil collecting rack 50 in the crude oil dehydration device 100 according to the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the crude oil dehydration apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes a dehydration tank 10, a partition 20 disposed inside the dehydration tank 10 and forming a sealed connection with the inner wall of the dehydration tank 10, and a dehydration mechanism 30 disposed on the partition 20. A plurality of spaced through holes 21 are provided on the partition 20 for mounting the dehydration mechanism 30.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the dehydration tank 10 is configured as a vertical container tank, and the through hole 21 is configured as a circular through hole serving as a fluid flow channel.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, an inlet pipe 11 for guiding fluid is provided at the bottom of the dehydration tank 10. Since the first separation chamber 31 (described below) in the dehydration mechanism 30 can form a sealed connection with the through hole 21, the fluid entering the dehydration tank 10 from the inlet pipe 11 can flow fully into the dehydration mechanism 30 through the through hole 21 to facilitate subsequent oil-water separation.

[0045] Preferably, the fluid used in this invention is an oil-water mixture.

[0046] Preferably, the number of dehydration mechanisms 30 in this invention corresponds to the number of through holes 21 on the partition plate 20, thereby increasing the processing capacity of the crude oil dehydration device 100 for oil-water mixtures, and further improving the capacity of the crude oil dehydration device 100.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the partition 20 forms a sealed connection with the inner peripheral surface of the dehydration tank 10, thereby dividing the dehydration tank 10 into a lower distribution chamber 101 and an upper settling chamber 102. Preferably, the dehydration mechanism 30 is disposed in the settling chamber 102, and the inlet pipe 11 is connected to the distribution chamber 101.

[0048] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the dehydration mechanism 30 includes a first separation chamber 31 extending into the through hole 21, and a swirl blade 34 disposed in the first separation chamber 31.

[0049] In this invention, the swirl blade 34 is configured to enable swirling separation of the fluid within the first separation chamber 31. Specifically, the fluid in the distribution chamber 101 flows into the first separation chamber 31 through the through hole 21 under the propulsion of hydraulic pressure. At this time, the fluid can flow along the flow channel formed by the swirl blade 34 and the first separation chamber 31, thereby gaining rotational kinetic energy to form a swirling flow, so as to further achieve the purpose of rapid separation of the three phases of oil, gas and water with different densities.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the swirl-initiating blade 34 is configured in a helical shape, and the swirl-initiating blade 34 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the swirling portion 311 of the first separation chamber 31 (described below). In this way, a helical flow channel can be formed between the swirl-initiating blade 34 and the swirling portion 311. Therefore, when the fluid passes through the swirling portion 311 of the first separation chamber 31, the fluid can move along the path of the helical flow channel, and at the same time, the fluid can gain a large rotational kinetic energy under the propulsion of hydraulic pressure.

[0051] In other embodiments, the swirl blade 34 may be a swashplate blade or an airfoil blade.

[0052] In other embodiments, the swirl blade 34 can be directly fixed in the first separation chamber 31 by electric welding.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the first separation chamber 31 includes a swirling section 311 and a separation section 312 configured as a hollow sleeve. The separation section 312 is configured as a hollow cone structure, and is disposed above the swirling section 311. The flow area of ​​the separation section 312 gradually decreases in the direction away from the swirling section 311.

[0054] Preferably, when the fluid is in the swirling portion 311 of the first separation chamber 31, the fluid can flow along the spiral flow channel formed by the swirl blade 34 and the swirling portion 311 under the hydraulic pressure of the downstream fluid, thereby obtaining greater rotational kinetic energy, and the fluid can flow to the separation portion 312 of the first separation chamber 31 in a rotating flow manner.

[0055] Preferably, since the separation section 312 is constructed as a hollow cone structure, the flow area is smaller closer to the upstream, the flow velocity of the fluid is greater, and the rotational kinetic energy of the fluid itself will be further enhanced.

[0056] Accordingly, when the fluid is in the separation section 312 of the first separation chamber 31, the three phases of oil, gas and water with different densities will be separated rapidly. The separated gas phase and large-diameter oil phase droplets will converge at the central axis of the first separation chamber 31, while the remaining fluid will enter the second separation chamber 32 (described below) under the action of centrifugal force.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, an oil overflow port 313 is provided at the top of the first separation chamber 31. Furthermore, the dehydration mechanism 30 also includes a solid concentric cone 35 arranged within the first separation chamber 31. In this invention, the separated gas phase and large-diameter oil phase droplets will converge at the central axis of the first separation chamber 31, and under the hydraulic pressure of the downstream fluid and the pushing action of the stabilizing cone 35, will be discharged through the oil overflow port 313.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the swirl blade 34 is axially positioned within the range of the flow-stabilizing cone 35.

[0059] In this way, the fluid that forms a rotating flow through the spiral flow channel between the swirl blade 34 and the swirling section 311 can quickly separate the three phases of oil, gas and water. Furthermore, the separated gas phase and large-diameter oil phase droplets will be more easily pushed towards the overflow port 313 by the thrust from the stabilizing cone 35.

[0060] In this invention, the flow direction of the fluid is the vertical direction of the first separation chamber 31. The directional term "upstream" refers to the direction of the first separation chamber 31 closer to the overflow port 313, and the directional term "downstream" refers to the direction of the first separation chamber 31 away from the overflow port 313.

[0061] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the dehydration mechanism 30 also includes a plurality of second separation chambers 32 arranged circumferentially outside the first separation chamber 31, and a connecting pipe 33 disposed between the first separation chamber 31 and the second separation chambers 32. It is easy to understand that the remaining fluid after separation will enter the second separation chamber 32 tangentially through the connecting pipe 33 under the action of centrifugal force, so as to carry out subsequent separation work in the second separation chamber 32, the details of which are described below.

[0062] In one embodiment, the second separation chamber 32 is configured as a hollow sleeve. Therefore, the rotational intensity of the remaining fluid after separation will be further increased under the constraint of the annular inner wall of the second separation chamber 32, thereby facilitating the subsequent secondary separation operation within the second separation chamber 32.

[0063] According to the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the dehydration mechanism 30 also includes a diversion cavity 321 disposed at the upper end face of the second separation cavity 32, and a drain outlet 322 disposed at the lower end face of the second separation cavity 32. The diversion cavity 321 is constructed in a hollow cone shape, and the flow area of ​​the diversion cavity 321 gradually increases in the direction away from the drain outlet 322.

[0064] Therefore, the oil phase and water phase in the remaining fluid will be further separated in the second separation chamber 32. The separated oil phase will flow in the opposite direction under the negative pressure formed in the second separation chamber 32, and will be discharged through the diversion chamber 321. The separated water phase will be discharged through the drain outlet 322 under the action of inertial force and gravity.

[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the dehydration mechanism 30 also includes a top oil cone 323 concentrically arranged within the second separation chamber 32. Preferably, the top oil cone 323 is configured to promote the countercurrent flow of the oil phase, thereby ensuring that the separated oil phase can be more fully discharged through the diversion chamber 321, further improving the oil-water separation efficiency of the crude oil dehydration device 100.

[0066] It is easy to understand that the drain outlet 322 in this invention is the annular space between the top oil cone 323 and the support of the second separation chamber 32.

[0067] In one embodiment, the number of second separation chambers 32 is 2 to 6, and the number of connecting pipes 33 is 1 to 4. This effectively increases the throughput and oil-water separation efficiency of the crude oil dehydration device 100. Preferably, the connecting pipes 33 are radially arranged on the first separation chamber 31, thereby ensuring that the remaining fluid after separation can enter the second separation chamber 32 tangentially, thus reducing the loss of rotational kinetic energy during operation.

[0068] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the crude oil dehydration device 100 also includes a guide plate 40 disposed within the distribution chamber 101. Preferably, the guide plate 40 is configured with an inverted conical structure, and the cone angle of the guide plate 40 is aligned with the outlet end 111 of the inlet pipe 11. Thus, the fluid injected through the inlet pipe 11 can be diverted under the action of the guide plate 40, allowing the fluid to flow radially within the distribution chamber 101, thereby preventing a central flow interruption within the distribution chamber 101 and further ensuring that the fluid is evenly distributed across the entire partition 20.

[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , 3As shown in Figure 4, the crude oil dehydration device 100 also includes a conical oil collecting rack 50 disposed in the settling chamber 102. The conical oil collecting rack 50 is disposed above the dehydration mechanism 30 and is composed of multiple frustum plates 51 with partial fan-shaped structures of different sizes, thereby effectively collecting and guiding the separated oil phase to the oil drain pipe 61 (described below).

[0070] Preferably, all the frustum plates 51 are fixed on the rib plate 53, thereby causing the conical oil collector 50 to form a diversion type conical surface, so as to guide the oil phase into the oil drain pipe 61 (described below).

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown, a gap 52 is left between adjacent frustum plates 51. Preferably, the gap 52 is constructed as an annular gap, thereby allowing the oil phase and gas phase to pass through, which helps to collect the separated oil phase.

[0072] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the crude oil dehydration unit 100 also includes an exhaust pipe 63. Preferably, the exhaust pipe 63 is located at the top of the dehydration tank 10, thereby enabling the discharge of the gas phase after fluid separation.

[0073] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the crude oil dehydration unit 100 also includes an oil drain pipe 61 and a drain pipe 62. The oil drain pipe 61 and the drain pipe 62 are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the dehydration tank 10.

[0074] Preferably, the oil drain pipe 61 is positioned axially above the conical oil collector 50, thereby enabling the discharge of the oil phase after fluid separation; the exhaust pipe 63 is fixed at the bottom side wall of the settling chamber 102, thereby enabling the discharge of the water phase after fluid separation.

[0075] In this invention, the oil and water entering the settling chamber 102 through the first separation chamber 31 and the second separation chamber 32 will be separated again under the action of gravity, and the separated oil phase will be quickly discharged through the oil drain pipe 61 under the action of the conical oil collecting rack 50; the water phase entering the settling chamber 102 through the second separation chamber 32 will be discharged through the drain pipe 62 below.

[0076] The simulation process applied to this invention is described below:

[0077] The produced fluid conditions are as follows: crude oil density 900 kg / m3, viscosity 200 mPa·s, and inlet water content 80%.

[0078] Through zoned intensity design, the centrifugal acceleration of the swirling flow field in the first separation chamber 31 can reach 3000 gravitational accelerations, and the centrifugal acceleration of the swirling flow field in the second separation chamber 32 can reach 8000 gravitational accelerations, thereby achieving zoned target separation. The final crude oil dehydration rate can reach 75%, the oil recovery rate can reach 93%, and the pressure drop loss can be effectively reduced.

[0079] This invention can be used in the fields of oil-water separation and oil and gas gathering and transportation technology in the petroleum and chemical industries, and has the advantages of large processing capacity, compact structure, high oil-water separation efficiency, and applicability to complex working conditions such as changes in gas content.

[0080] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0081] Firstly, this invention is based on an innovative structural design of gravity separation and multi-stage cyclone separation, thereby overcoming the problems of low sedimentation and dehydration efficiency of gravity separation and the large limitations of single-stage cyclone separation equipment in terms of processing capacity and dehydration intensity, so as to further realize the rapid separation of oil, gas and water phases.

[0082] Secondly, the present invention achieves two-stage separation through the first separation chamber 31 and the second separation chamber 32, thereby improving the fine control of the three-phase separation process of oil, gas and water, and thus improving the separation efficiency and separation speed of the crude oil dehydration device 100.

[0083] Thirdly, this invention improves the overall compactness of the equipment and the efficiency of flow field utilization, and has the advantages of large processing capacity, high oil-water separation efficiency, and applicability to complex working conditions such as changes in gas content. Furthermore, this invention can be applied to the fields of oil-water separation and oil and gas gathering and transportation technology in the petroleum and chemical industries.

[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily make changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention, and such changes or modifications should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A crude oil dehydration device, comprising: A dehydration tank (10) is provided at the bottom of which an inlet pipe (11) is provided for guiding fluid. A partition (20) is formed in a sealed connection with the dehydration tank (10), and a plurality of through holes (21) are provided on the partition (20) at intervals. The dehydration mechanism (30) includes a first separation chamber (31) extending into the through hole (21), a plurality of second separation chambers (32) arranged circumferentially outside the first separation chamber (31), and a connecting pipe (33) disposed between the first separation chamber (31) and the second separation chambers (32). An oil overflow port (313) is provided at the top of the first separation chamber (31), and a swirl blade (34) is provided inside the first separation chamber (31). The swirling blade (34) is configured to cause the fluid to swirl and separate within the first separation chamber (31). The separated gas phase and part of the oil phase are discharged through the overflow port (313), while the remaining fluid, under the action of centrifugal force, enters the second separation chamber (32) tangentially through the connecting pipe (33). The partition (20) is sealed to the dehydration tank (10) to divide the dehydration tank (10) into a distribution chamber (101) and a settling chamber (102). The crude oil dehydration device also includes a conical oil collecting rack (50) disposed in the settling chamber (102) and above the dehydration mechanism, and an oil drain pipe (61) arranged on the side wall of the dehydration tank (10). The conical oil collecting rack (50) is composed of multiple frustum plates (51) with a partially fan-shaped structure, which can effectively collect and guide the separated oil phase to the oil drain pipe (61). A gap (52) is left between adjacent frustum plates (51), and the gap (52) is constructed as an annular gap, which allows the oil phase and the gas phase to pass through.

2. The crude oil dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first separation chamber (31) includes a swirling section (311) configured as a hollow sleeve, and a separation section (312) configured as a hollow cone disposed above the swirling section (311), wherein the flow area of ​​the separation section (312) gradually decreases in the direction away from the swirling section (311).

3. The crude oil dehydration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The swirl blade (34) is constructed in a spiral shape, and the swirl blade (34) is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the swirling section (311).

4. The crude oil dehydration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dehydration mechanism also includes a flow-stabilizing cone (35) concentrically arranged in the first separation chamber (31), and the swirl-starting blade (34) is located within the range of the flow-stabilizing cone (35) in the axial direction.

5. The crude oil dehydration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The second separation chamber (32) is constructed in the form of a hollow sleeve. The dehydration mechanism also includes a diversion chamber (321) constructed in the shape of a hollow cone at the upper end face of the second separation chamber (32) and a drain outlet (322) at the lower end face of the second separation chamber (32). The flow area of ​​the diversion chamber (321) gradually increases in the direction away from the drain outlet (322). The fluid is swirled and separated under the constraint of the inner wall of the second separation chamber (32). The separated oil phase flows in the opposite direction under the action of negative pressure and is discharged through the diversion chamber (321). The separated water phase is discharged through the drain outlet (322) under the action of gravity and inertial force.

6. The crude oil dehydration apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dehydration mechanism further includes a top oil cone (323) concentrically arranged in the second separation chamber (32) and used to promote the countercurrent flow of the oil phase, the top oil cone (323) being located below the diversion chamber (321).

7. The crude oil dehydration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The number of the second separation chambers (32) is 2 to 6, and the number of the connecting pipes (33) is 1 to 4.

8. The crude oil dehydration apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that... The crude oil dehydration device also includes a guide plate (40) disposed in the liquid distribution chamber (101) for promoting fluid diversion. The guide plate (40) is constructed as an inverted cone shape, and the cone angle of the guide plate (40) is aligned with the outlet end (111) of the inlet pipe (11).

9. The crude oil dehydration apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The crude oil dehydration device also includes drain pipes (62) spaced apart on the side wall of the dehydration tank (10) and exhaust pipes (63) located at the top of the dehydration tank (10). The drain pipe (61) is located axially above the conical oil collecting rack (50), and the drain pipe (62) is fixed to the bottom side wall of the settling chamber (102).

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