Shale gas platform well testing and gas production integrated gathering system and method

Abstract

The application provides a shale gas platform well testing and gas production integrated gathering system and method, the system comprising: a plurality of skid-mounted functional modules arranged in a skid-mounted manner in a gathering process area, used to realize various process flows in the testing stage and the gas production stage of shale gas gathering, including an emergency shutdown module, a throttling metering module, a sand removal and separation module, a venting and diffusing module and an outbound combination module; the emergency shutdown module is used to shut off the gas flow in an emergency when detecting that the wellhead gas production tree is abnormal; the throttling metering module is used to carry out mixed-phase non-separation metering on the raw gas and liquid in the wellhead gas production tree; the sand removal and separation module is used to remove sand and separate gas and liquid for the raw gas and liquid; the venting and diffusing module is used to discharge the raw gas and liquid and release pressure when detecting that the pipeline is abnormal; and the outbound combination module is used to maintain the export pressure of the gathering process area and isolate the connection between the gathering process area and the outside. The application can realize various process flows corresponding to the testing stage and the gas production stage in the shale gas gathering process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of natural gas extraction, specifically a shale gas platform well testing and gas production integrated gathering and transportation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Shale gas refers to natural gas of certain value, formed from biogenic, pyrogenic, or mixed origins, stored and preserved in mature, organic-rich dark mudstone or high-carbon mudstone due to organic matter adsorption or the presence of fractures and matrix pores in the rock. Shale gas reservoirs require hydraulic fracturing and volumetric enhancement before entering the normal gas production stage. The gas production stage is similar to that of conventional gas reservoirs, requiring well testing and stable production phases.

[0003] Currently, shale gas resources are generally extracted using a "single platform," "large well cluster," and "factory-style operation" model. Shale gas wells typically exhibit high production dynamics in the early stages, characterized by high pressure, large liquid volume, high output, and abundant sand production, followed by rapid decline and significant fluctuations in the gas-liquid-sand ratio. In the mid-to-late stages, they are characterized by low pressure, low gas production, relatively large liquid volume, and long production cycles. Due to the significant differences in operating conditions across different shale gas production stages, the current mainstream technology uses testing procedures and processes with corresponding testing equipment during the testing phase. In the stable production phase, further subdivided into relatively stable, declining, and low-pressure low-production periods, standardized gas production procedures and processes are adopted, along with corresponding gas production equipment. This approach inevitably leads to repetitive platform well operations, resulting in long construction periods, high construction costs, and high operational safety risks. Simultaneously, the data collected under the existing segmented methods lacks uniformity in accuracy, standards, and statistical methods, creating "data silos" that hinder continuous dynamic monitoring and limit the potential for in-depth data mining. These characteristics and problems of shale gas extraction mean that comprehensive shale gas extraction still faces technical challenges. Reducing the complexity of ground process equipment, minimizing equipment redundancy and waste, reducing personnel and maintenance costs, and improving production enhancement operations are key to achieving low-cost and high-efficiency shale gas development.

[0004] This section is intended to provide background or context for the embodiments of the invention set forth in the claims. The description herein is not an admission that it is prior art simply because it is included in this section. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the existing technology, this application provides an integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system and method, which enables the efficient integration of shale gas well production equipment during the testing phase and the stable gas production phase, solving problems such as long construction cycles, high operational safety risks, and inconsistent data analysis methods caused by repeated construction operations in shale gas platform wells.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides an integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system, applicable to a shale gas platform well site including a gathering and transportation process area, a produced fluid backflow pool, and gas-liquid export pipeline valves. The system includes multiple skid-mounted functional modules installed in the gathering and transportation process area to realize various process flows corresponding to the shale gas gathering and transportation testing stage and the gas production stage. The skid-mounted functional modules include an emergency shut-off module, a throttling and metering module, a sand removal and separation module, a venting and dispersion module, and an outlet combination module.

[0008] The first end of the emergency cut-off module is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree in the gathering and transportation process area, and the second end of the emergency cut-off module is connected to the first end of the throttling metering module; the emergency cut-off module is used to cut off the gas flow in an emergency when an abnormality is detected in the wellhead gas production tree; the throttling metering module is used to perform mixed-phase non-separation metering of the raw gas and liquid in the wellhead gas production tree.

[0009] The sand removal and separation module includes multiple external ports; wherein, the first external port is connected to the second end of the throttling and metering module, the second external port is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module, the third external port is connected to the venting and dispersing module, and the fourth external port is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the sand removal and separation module is used to remove sand and separate the raw material gas and liquid; the venting and dispersing module is used to discharge and depressurize the raw material gas and liquid when an abnormality is detected in the pipeline;

[0010] The second end of the outgoing assembly module is connected to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve, and the third end of the outgoing assembly module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the outgoing assembly module is used to maintain the export pressure of the gathering and transportation process area and to isolate the gathering and transportation process area from the outside world.

[0011] Furthermore, the skid-mounted functional module also includes a venting and lifting module; the first end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; and the third end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the gas source.

[0012] The venting and gas lift module includes a first gate valve and a venting and gas lift module control cabinet. During the drainage and gas production stage of the gas production stage, the first gate valve is connected to a gas source, and the venting and gas lift module control cabinet controls the first gate valve to allow the gas lift gas to enter the wellhead gas production tree, thereby realizing drainage and gas production.

[0013] Furthermore, the skid-mounted functional module also includes a drainage and gas production process module; the drainage and gas production process module connects the first end of the venting and lifting module to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree during the drainage and gas production stage.

[0014] The drainage and gas production process module includes an intelligent foam skid and a high-precision electric control valve. The intelligent foam skid is used to realize real-time online liquid preparation, online monitoring of reagents, and automatic reagent injection for multiple well groups. The high-precision electric control valve enables precise reagent injection.

[0015] Furthermore, the emergency shut-off module includes an electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system, a first temperature measuring and filling cup, a first temperature and pressure sensor, a first filling valve group, and an emergency shut-off module control cabinet;

[0016] The first temperature-measuring injection cup has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module through the first injection valve group to realize the injection of foaming process reagents. The other interface connects to the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system to realize remote temperature transmission. The first temperature and pressure sensor is set upstream and downstream of the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system to realize temperature display and remote transmission of temperature and pressure. The electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system is used to cut off the gas flow in an emergency when an abnormal pressure is detected in the wellhead gas production tree. The emergency cut-off module control cabinet is used to control the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system, the first temperature-measuring injection cup, the first temperature and pressure sensor, and the first injection valve group.

[0017] Furthermore, the throttling metering module includes a first throttling metering module and a second throttling metering module; the first throttling metering module is used for high liquid and high gas metering in the fixed-production depressurization self-flowing gas production stage of the gas production stage; the second throttling metering module is used for low liquid and low gas metering in the drainage gas production stage and the pressurization gas production stage of the gas production stage.

[0018] Furthermore, the first throttling metering module includes a second temperature measuring filling cup, a second temperature and pressure sensor, a fixed oil nozzle sleeve, a first high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve, a first multiphase flow meter, a second filling valve group, a second gate valve, and a first throttling metering module control cabinet;

[0019] The second temperature-measuring injection cup has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module via the second injection valve group to inject defoaming agents. The other interface connects to the control cabinet of the first throttling and metering module to transmit temperature remotely. The second temperature and pressure sensor is located upstream and downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to display temperature and transmit temperature and pressure remotely. The fixed nozzle sleeve is used to throttle the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree. The second gate valve is located upstream and downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to cut off the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree. The first high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve is located downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to control the flow rate of the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree. The first multiphase flow meter is located downstream of the first high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to achieve mixed-phase non-separation metering of the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree.

[0020] Furthermore, the second throttling metering module includes a third temperature measuring filling cup, a third temperature and pressure sensor, a second high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve, a second multiphase flow meter, a third filling valve group, a third gate valve, and a control cabinet for the second throttling metering module;

[0021] The third temperature-measuring injection cup has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module via the third injection valve group to inject defoaming agents. The other interface connects to the control cabinet of the second throttling and metering module to transmit temperature remotely. The third temperature and pressure sensor is located upstream and downstream of the second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to display temperature and transmit temperature and pressure remotely. The second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve is used to throttle and control the flow rate of the raw gas and liquid from the wellhead gas production tree. The third gate valve is located upstream and downstream of the second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to cut off the raw gas and liquid from the wellhead gas production tree. The second multiphase flow meter is located downstream of the second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to achieve mixed-phase non-separation metering of the raw gas and liquid from the wellhead gas production tree.

[0022] Furthermore, the sand removal and separation module includes a sand remover, a gas-liquid separator, an electromagnetic flowmeter, an orifice plate flowmeter, an electric regulating valve, and a sand removal and separation module control cabinet;

[0023] The desander is used to separate sand from the gas-liquid mixture in the wellhead gas production tree; the gas-liquid separator is used to separate liquid from the gas-liquid mixture in the wellhead gas production tree; the electromagnetic flowmeter is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator and is used to measure the separated single-phase liquid; the orifice plate flowmeter is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator and is used to measure the separated single-phase gas; the electric regulating valve is located between the desander separation module and the produced fluid backflow tank and is used to regulate the flow rate of the discharged fluid after separation; the desander separation module control cabinet is used to send regulation commands to the electric regulating valve based on the data collected by the electromagnetic flowmeter and the orifice plate flowmeter.

[0024] Furthermore, the venting and venting module includes a venting riser, an electric control valve, and a venting and venting module control cabinet; wherein, when the emergency cut-off module or the outgoing combination module cuts off and isolates the gathering and transportation process area from the outside, the venting and venting module control cabinet controls the electric control valve to discharge the raw material gas and liquid in the gathering and transportation process area from the venting riser to relieve pressure.

[0025] Furthermore, the outgoing assembly module includes a backflow transfer pump, a platform mixed-transport booster pump, an outgoing shut-off solenoid valve, and an outgoing assembly module control cabinet; wherein, the backflow transfer pump is connected to the produced fluid backflow pool; the platform mixed-transport booster pump is used to pressurize and maintain the external transmission pressure of the gathering and transportation process area; the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve is used to isolate the gathering and transportation process area from the outside world; the outgoing assembly module control cabinet is used to perform logical judgments and control based on the data returned by the backflow transfer pump, the platform mixed-transport booster pump, and the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve.

[0026] Furthermore, the skid-mounted functional module also includes an electrical and instrumentation module; the electrical and instrumentation module includes a remote terminal control system and an uninterruptible power supply system; wherein, the electrical and instrumentation module is connected to the corresponding module control cabinets of the venting and lifting module, the emergency cut-off module, the throttling and metering module, the sand removal and separation module, the venting and dispersion module, and the outgoing combination module via wired or wireless means, so as to collect and process the operating condition data fed back by each module control cabinet.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides an integrated testing and gas production gathering and transportation method for shale gas platform wells, applied to the aforementioned integrated testing and gas production gathering and transportation system for shale gas platform wells, comprising:

[0028] During the fixed-production, pressure-reducing, self-flowing gas production stage, the first end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree in the gathering and transportation process area; the second end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the first end of the first throttling metering module; the first external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the second end of the first throttling metering module; the second external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module; the third external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the venting and dispersing module; the fourth external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the second end of the outlet combination module is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve; and the third end of the outlet combination module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank. This allows the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore to sequentially pass through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency shut-off module, the first throttling metering module, the desanding separation module, and the outlet combination module before entering the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve.

[0029] During the drainage and gas production stage, the first end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the third end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the gas source, the drainage and gas production process module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree and the first end of the venting and lifting module, and the first throttling metering module is replaced with the second throttling metering module so that when the drainage and gas production process module performs foam drainage operation, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore passes sequentially through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency cut-off module, the second throttling metering module, the sand removal and separation module, and the outlet combination module, and enters the gas and liquid external transmission pipeline valve;

[0030] During the pressurization and gas production stage, the release gas lift module is removed so that when the outlet combination module performs mixed transportation and pressurization operations, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore passes sequentially through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency cut-off module, the second throttling metering module, the sand removal and separation module, and the outlet combination module before entering the gas and liquid external transmission pipeline valve.

[0031] Furthermore, the integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation method further includes:

[0032] During the testing phase, the first end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the first end of the first throttling metering module, the first external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the second end of the first throttling metering module, the second external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module, the third external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the venting and dispersion module, the fourth external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the second end of the outlet combination module is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve, the third end of the outlet combination module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the first end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, and the third end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the gas source, so that when the wellbore is vented, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore enter the produced fluid backflow tank through the venting and lifting module.

[0033] To address the problems in existing technologies, this application provides an integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system and method. This system simplifies the process and optimizes the method, offering a skid-mounted functional system that can meet the diverse operational needs of shale gas platforms with a single platform construction. This avoids the problems of long construction cycles and high operational safety risks caused by repeated construction operations on shale gas platforms. The provided process and method enable efficient integration of the entire lifecycle of shale gas wells from fracturing and opening. By utilizing modular combinations and a data acquisition, analysis, and evaluation system, it breaks down barriers between different stages of shale gas production, providing dynamic data analysis throughout the entire shale gas lifecycle. This provides a foundation for analysis; compared with the traditional shale gas platform's method of using a large amount of data acquisition and remote analysis, the proposed autonomous control and anomaly diagnosis linkage control method significantly reduces the workload of back-end expert diagnosis and provides the capability and foundation for batch platform management; it adopts a fully electronic control module method with embedded electronic tags, abandoning the traditional shale gas platform's pneumatic control system based on instrument air, realizing unified management of all modules, avoiding the problem of repeated configuration of skid-mounted modules during the disassembly and assembly process of shale gas stations, greatly shortening the platform construction cycle, and truly meeting the production needs of quick insertion and quick assembly of skid-mounted module equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the jet lift module in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the emergency cut-off module in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the throttling metering module I in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the throttling metering module II in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sand removal and separation module in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the venting and dissipation module in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outbound combination module in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage and gas extraction process module in the embodiment;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated process for testing and gas production on a shale gas platform well, as provided in the embodiment.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the testing phase and the stable gas production and pressure reduction self-flowing gas production phase provided in the embodiment.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage gas production process stage for stable gas production in the embodiment.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurized gas production process stage for stable gas production in the embodiment.

[0047] [Symbol Explanation]

[0048] 1. Venting and lifting module; 2. Emergency shut-off module; 3. Throttling and metering module I; 4. Throttling and metering module II; 5. Sand removal and separation module; 6. Venting and dispersion module; 7. Station exit combination module; 8. Drainage and gas extraction process module; 9. Electrical and instrumentation module.

[0049] 1.1 Control valve; 1.2 Gate valve A; 1.3 Gate valve B; 1.4 Gate valve C; 1.5 Temperature and pressure sensor A; 1.6 Temperature and pressure sensor B; 1.7 Release air lift module control cabinet.

[0050] 2.1 Electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system; 2.2 Temperature measuring filling cup; 2.3 Temperature and pressure sensor C; 2.4 Temperature and pressure sensor D; 2.5 Filling valve group; 2.6 Emergency shut-off module control cabinet.

[0051] 3.1 Temperature measuring filling cup; 3.2 Temperature and pressure sensor E; 3.3 Temperature and pressure sensor F; 3.4 Fixed oil nozzle sleeve; 3.5 High-precision electronically controlled regulating valve; 3.6 Multiphase flow meter I; 3.7 Filling valve assembly; 3.8 Gate valve D; 3.9 Gate valve E; 3.10 Throttling metering module control cabinet A.

[0052] 4.1 Temperature measuring filling cup; 4.2 Temperature and pressure sensor G; 4.3 Temperature and pressure sensor H; 4.4 High-precision electronically controlled regulating valve;

[0053] 4.5 Multiphase flow meter II; 4.6 Filling valve assembly; 4.7 Gate valve F; 4.8 Gate valve G; 4.9 Throttling metering module control cabinet B.

[0054] 5.1 Sand separator; 5.2 Gas-liquid separator; 5.3 Electromagnetic flow meter; 5.4 Orifice plate flow meter; 5.5 Electric regulating valve; 5.6 Electric regulating valve; 5.7 Sand separation module control cabinet.

[0055] 6.1 Venting riser; 6.2 Electric control valve; 6.3 Venting module control cabinet.

[0056] 7.1 Backflow transfer pump; 7.2 Platform mixed transfer booster pump; 7.3 Outbound shut-off solenoid valve; 7.4 Outbound combined module control cabinet.

[0057] 8.1 Intelligent bubble drain skid; 8.2 High-precision electric control valve; 8.3 Wellhead plunger module; 8.4 Drainage and gas production module control cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] Specific embodiments of this application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of this application can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application are not limited in scope. Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, embodiments of this application include many changes, modifications, and equivalents.

[0060] Features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0061] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, whole, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, or components.

[0062] In one embodiment, taking shale gas platform well production as an example, the integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation process includes: a venting and lifting module 1 (see...). Figure 1 Emergency cut-off module 2 (see) Figure 2 ), throttling metering module I3 (see Figure 3 ), Throttling metering module II 4 (see Figure 4 ), Sand removal and separation module 5 (see Figure 5 ), Venting and venting module 6 (see Figure 6 ), Outbound combination module 7 (see Figure 7 ), Drainage and Gas Extraction Process Module 8 (see Figure 8 ) and electrical instrumentation module 9. Typically, a shale gas platform well site consists of a wellhead gas production tree, a gathering and transportation process area, a produced fluid backflow tank, and gas-liquid export pipeline valves. The integrated shale gas testing and production process module is installed in the gathering and transportation process area. Shale gas reservoir fluid flows out from the wellhead gas production tree, passes through the system provided in this application, enters the produced fluid backflow tank, and finally connects to the gas-liquid export pipeline valves outside the shale gas platform well site, thereby realizing the gas-liquid gathering and transportation process requirements of the shale gas platform well.

[0063] In one embodiment, see Figure 9 To enable the implementation of various process flows corresponding to the testing and production stages in shale gas gathering and transportation, this application provides an integrated shale gas platform well testing and production gathering and transportation system. This system is applied to shale gas platform well sites that include a gathering and transportation process area, a produced fluid backflow tank, and gas-liquid export pipeline valves. (See also...) Figure 9 It includes: multiple skid-mounted functional modules installed in the gathering and transportation process area in a skid-mounted manner, used to realize the various process flows corresponding to the shale gas gathering and transportation test stage and the gas production stage; wherein, the skid-mounted functional modules include an emergency cut-off module 2, a throttling and metering module, a sand removal and separation module 5, a venting and dispersion module 6, and an outlet combination module 7.

[0064] The first end of the emergency cut-off module 2 is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree in the gathering and transportation process area, and the second end of the emergency cut-off module 2 is connected to the first end of the throttling metering module; the emergency cut-off module 2 is used to cut off the gas flow in an emergency when an abnormality is detected in the wellhead gas production tree; the throttling metering module is used to perform mixed-phase non-separation metering of the raw gas and liquid in the wellhead gas production tree.

[0065] The sand removal and separation module 5 includes multiple external ports; wherein, the first external port is connected to the second end of the throttling metering module, the second external port is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module 7, the third external port is connected to the venting and dispersing module 6, and the fourth external port is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the sand removal and separation module 5 is used to remove sand and separate the raw material gas and liquid; the venting and dispersing module 6 is used to discharge and depressurize the raw material gas and liquid when an abnormality is detected in the pipeline;

[0066] The second end of the outgoing combination module 7 is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve, and the third end of the outgoing combination module 7 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the outgoing combination module 7 is used to maintain the external transmission pressure of the gathering and transmission process area and to isolate the gathering and transmission process area from the outside world.

[0067] It is understood that this application provides an integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation technology. This integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation technology addresses the entire lifecycle of shale gas wells. The entire lifecycle of shale gas well production mainly includes two stages: the testing stage and the stable production stage. The stable production stage is further divided into a fixed-production, depressurization, and self-flowing production stage, a drainage production stage, and a pressurization production stage. Through technological innovation, the integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation technology provided in this application can meet the process requirements of both the testing and stable production stages of shale gas wells with only one construction phase. It consists of functional modules and integrated skid-mounted components, forming a locally intelligent, interconnected, and rapidly networked phased modular process flow from the perspectives of intelligence (functional modules) and rapid mechanical connection (integrated skid-mounted components). This process flow allows for rapid plug-in (installation and disassembly) of modules according to actual needs.

[0068] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The skid-mounted functional module also includes a venting and lifting module 1; the first end of the venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; and the third end of the venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the gas source.

[0069] The venting and gas lift module 1 includes gate valves (gate valve A1.2, gate valve B1.3, and gate valve C1.4) and a venting and gas lift module control cabinet 1.7. During the drainage and gas production stage of the gas production stage, the gate valves are connected to the gas source, and the venting and gas lift module control cabinet controls the gate valves in 1.7 to allow the gas lift gas to enter the wellhead gas production tree, thereby realizing drainage and gas production.

[0070] Understandably, see Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The blowout lift module 1 is connected to the wellhead gas production tree on one side and to the produced fluid backflow tank and gas source on the other side. This module mainly includes a regulating valve 1.1, gate valves A1.2, B1.3, and C1.4, temperature and pressure sensors A1.5 and B1.6, and a blowout lift module control cabinet 1.7. In the early stages of shale gas well testing, abnormal fluid temperature and pressure are prone to occur. At this time, opening the regulating valve 1.1 allows the fluid to pass through the blowout lift module 1 to the produced fluid backflow tank, while simultaneously acquiring data from temperature and pressure sensors A1.5 and B1.6. This process enables rapid blowout control in case of abnormal fluid temperature and pressure. This function can be implemented for single-well control or simultaneous control of multiple wells on a shale gas platform. Gas lift technology is a type of shale gas drainage and gas production technology. When shale gas well production enters the drainage and gas production stage, the gas source is connected to the venting and gas lift module 1. The venting and gas lift module control cabinet 1.7 controls the gas lift gas to enter the wellhead gas production tree, realizing the gas lift drainage and gas production function.

[0071] In one embodiment, see Figure 8 , Figure 9 The skid-mounted functional module also includes a drainage and gas production process module 8; the drainage and gas production process module 8 connects the first end of the venting and lifting module 1 to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree during the drainage and gas production stage.

[0072] The drainage and gas production process module 8 includes an intelligent foam skid 8.1 and a high-precision electric control valve 8.2. The intelligent foam skid 8.1 is used to realize real-time online liquid preparation, online monitoring of reagents and automatic injection of reagents for multiple well groups, and the high-precision electric control valve 8.2 realizes the precise injection of reagents.

[0073] Understandably, see Figure 8 , Figure 9 The drainage and gas production process module 8 is connected to the wellhead gas production tree. It mainly consists of an intelligent foam skid 8.1, a high-precision electric control valve 8.2, a wellhead plunger module 8.3, and a drainage and gas production module control cabinet 8.4. The intelligent foam skid 8.1 features real-time online liquid preparation, online reagent monitoring, and automatic reagent injection for multiple well groups, achieving precise reagent injection via the high-precision electric control valve 8.2 installed at the wellhead. The wellhead plunger module 8.3, installed at the wellhead gas production tree, enables intelligent plunger gas lift functionality and remote monitoring. The drainage and gas production process module 8 adopts a modular and independent design principle, allowing for the selection of appropriate drainage and gas production process measures based on the actual well production conditions. Each process measure can independently execute its corresponding function. The drainage and gas production module control cabinet 8.4 is electrically connected to the intelligent foam skid 8.1, the high-precision electric control valve 8.2, and the wellhead plunger module 8.3, respectively, controlling their respective actions.

[0074] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 9 The emergency shut-off module 2 includes an electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1, a temperature measuring filling cup 2.2, temperature and pressure sensors (temperature and pressure sensor C 2.3, temperature and pressure sensor D 2.4), a filling valve group 2.5, and an emergency shut-off module control cabinet 2.6;

[0075] The temperature-measuring injection cup 2.2 has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module 8 via the injection valve group 2.5 to implement the injection of foaming process reagents. The other interface connects to the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 to achieve remote temperature transmission. The temperature and pressure sensors are located upstream and downstream of the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 to achieve temperature display and remote transmission of temperature and pressure. The electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 is used to urgently cut off the gas flow when an abnormal pressure is detected at the wellhead gas production tree. The emergency cut-off module control cabinet 2.6 is used to control the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1, the temperature-measuring injection cup 2.2, the temperature and pressure sensors, and the injection valve group 2.5.

[0076] Understandably, see Figure 2 , Figure 9 The emergency shut-off module 2 is connected to the other side of the wellhead gas production tree and mainly consists of an electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1, a temperature-sensing injection cup 2.2, a temperature and pressure sensor C 2.3, a temperature and pressure sensor D 2.4, an injection valve group 2.5, and an emergency shut-off module control cabinet 2.6. The electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 has high and low pressure emergency shut-off functions, and the corresponding emergency shut-off module control cabinet 2.6 is responsible for data acquisition and remote transmission. The temperature-sensing injection cup 2.2 has multiple interfaces. The first interface is connected to the drainage gas production process module 8 through the injection valve group 2.5 to realize the foaming process reagent injection function. The second interface is connected to the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 to realize the temperature remote transmission function. The temperature and pressure sensors C 2.3 and D 2.4 are arranged upstream and downstream of the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1, which can realize temperature display and temperature and pressure remote transmission functions, ensuring timely shutdown when abnormal pressure occurs at the front and rear ends of the emergency shut-off module 2.

[0077] In one embodiment, see Figure 9 The throttling metering module includes a first throttling metering module (also called throttling metering module I 3) and a second throttling metering module (also called throttling metering module II 4); the first throttling metering module is used for high liquid and high gas metering in the fixed-production pressure reduction self-flowing gas production stage of the gas production stage; the second throttling metering module is used for low liquid and low gas metering in the drainage gas production stage and the pressurization gas production stage of the gas production stage.

[0078] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 , Figure 9The first throttling metering module includes a temperature measuring filling cup 3.1, temperature and pressure sensors (temperature and pressure sensor E 3.2, temperature and pressure sensor F 3.3), a fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4, a high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve 3.5, a multiphase flow meter I 3.6, a filling valve group 3.7, gate valves (gate valve D 3.8, gate valve E 3.9), and a throttling metering module control cabinet A3.10;

[0079] The temperature-measuring filling cup 3.1 has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module 8 via the filling valve group 3.7 to realize the filling of defoaming process agents. The other interface connects to the throttling and metering module control cabinet A3.10 to realize remote temperature transmission. The temperature and pressure sensors (temperature and pressure sensor E 3.2 and temperature and pressure sensor F 3.3) are located upstream and downstream of the fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4 to realize temperature display and remote transmission of temperature and pressure. The fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4 is used to throttle the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas tree. The gate valves (gate valve D 3.8 and gate valve E 3.9) are located upstream and downstream of the fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4 to realize the cut-off of the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas tree. The high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve 3.5 is located downstream of the fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4 to realize the flow control of the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas tree. The multiphase flow meter I 3.6 is located downstream of the high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 3.5 and is used to achieve the metering of the mixed-phase non-separation of the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas production tree.

[0080] Understandably, see Figure 3 , Figure 9The throttling and metering module I3 is connected at one end to the emergency shut-off module 2 and at the other end to the sand removal and separation module 5. It mainly consists of a temperature-measuring injection cup 3.1, temperature and pressure sensors E 3.2 and F 3.3, a fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4, a high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 3.5, a multiphase flow meter I 3.6, an injection valve group 3.7, gate valve D 3.8, gate valve E 3.9, and a throttling and metering module control cabinet A 3.10. The entire module has the function of primary and secondary throttling and metering of the raw gas coming from the gas production tree wellhead. Among them, the temperature measuring filling cup 3.1 has multiple interfaces. The first interface is connected to the drainage and gas production process module 8 through the filling valve group 3.7 to realize the function of adding defoaming process agents. The second interface is connected to the throttling and metering module control cabinet A 3.10 to realize the function of remote temperature transmission. Temperature and pressure sensors E 3.2 and F 3.3 are arranged upstream and downstream of the fixed oil nozzle sleeve to realize the functions of temperature display and remote temperature and pressure transmission. The fixed oil nozzle sleeve 3.4 can realize the primary and secondary throttling functions of the raw gas from the gas production tree wellhead. Gate valve D 3.8 and gate valve E 3.9 is arranged upstream and downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to achieve the function of cutting off the feed gas from the gas production tree wellhead; 3.5 is arranged downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve 3.4 to achieve fine control of the flow (pressure) of the feed gas from the gas production tree wellhead; 3.6 is arranged downstream of the high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve to achieve mixed-phase metering of feed gas and liquid from the gas production tree wellhead, which can meet the metering requirements of high liquid and high gas in the early stage.

[0081] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 , Figure 9 The second throttling metering module includes a temperature measuring filling cup 4.1, temperature and pressure sensors (temperature and pressure sensor G 4.2, temperature and pressure sensor H 4.3), a high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4, a multiphase flow meter II 4.5, a filling valve group 4.6, a gate valve (gate valve F 4.7, gate valve G 4.8), and a throttling metering module control cabinet B 4.9;

[0082] The temperature-measuring filling cup 4.1 has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage gas production process module 8 via the filling valve group 4.6 to realize the filling of defoaming process agents. The other interface connects to the throttling and metering module control cabinet B4.9 to realize remote temperature transmission. The temperature and pressure sensors (temperature and pressure sensor G 4.2 and temperature and pressure sensor H 4.3) are located upstream and downstream of the high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4 to realize temperature display and remote transmission of temperature and pressure. The high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4 is used to realize throttling and flow control of the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas production tree. The gate valves (gate valve F 4.7 and gate valve G 4.8) are located upstream and downstream of the high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4 to realize the cut-off of the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas production tree. The multiphase flow meter II 4.5 is located downstream of the high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4 to realize the mixed-phase non-separation metering of the raw gas and liquid of the wellhead gas production tree.

[0083] Understandably, see Figure 4 , Figure 9 The throttling and metering module II4 is connected to the emergency shut-off module 2 at one end and to the sand removal and separation module 5 at the other end. It mainly consists of a temperature-measuring injection cup 4.1, temperature and pressure sensors G 4.2 and H 4.3, a high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4, a multiphase flow meter II 4.5, an injection valve assembly 4.6, gate valve F 4.7, gate valve G 4.8, and a throttling and metering module control cabinet B 4.9. The entire module has the function of primary throttling and metering of the raw gas coming from the gas production tree wellhead. Among them, the temperature measuring filling cup 4.1 has multiple interfaces. The first interface is connected to the drainage gas production process module 8 through the filling valve group 4.6 to realize the function of filling defoaming process agents. The second interface is connected to the throttling metering module control cabinet B 4.9 to realize the function of remote temperature transmission. Temperature and pressure sensors G 4.2 and H 4.3 are arranged upstream and downstream of the high-precision electric control regulating valve to realize the functions of temperature display and remote temperature and pressure transmission. The high-precision electric control regulating valve 4.4 can realize the functions of primary throttling and fine control of flow (pressure) of raw gas from the gas tree wellhead. Gate valves F 4.7 and G 4.8 are arranged upstream and downstream of the high-precision electric control regulating valve to realize the function of cutting off raw gas from the gas tree wellhead. Multiphase flow meter II 4.5 is arranged downstream of the high-precision electric control regulating valve 4.4 to realize the mixed-phase non-separation metering of raw gas and liquid from the gas tree wellhead, which can meet the metering needs of low liquid and low gas in the middle and late stages.

[0084] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 , Figure 9 The sand removal and separation module 5 includes a sand remover 5.1, a gas-liquid separator 5.2, an electromagnetic flowmeter 5.3, an orifice plate flowmeter 5.4, electric regulating valves (electric regulating valves 5.5 and 5.6), and a sand removal and separation module control cabinet 5.7.

[0085] The desander 5.1 is used to separate sand from the gas-liquid mixture in the wellhead gas production tree; the gas-liquid separator 5.2 is used to separate liquid from the gas-liquid mixture in the wellhead gas production tree; the electromagnetic flowmeter 5.3 is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator 5.2 and is used to measure the separated single-phase liquid; the orifice plate flowmeter 5.4 is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator and is used to measure the separated single-phase gas; the electric regulating valve 5.5 is located between the desander separation module 5 and the produced fluid backflow tank and is used to regulate the flow rate of the discharged fluid after separation; the desander separation module control cabinet 5.7 is used to send regulation commands to the electric regulating valve 5.5 based on the data collected by the electromagnetic flowmeter 5.3 and the orifice plate flowmeter 5.4.

[0086] Understandably, the desanding and separation module 5 has multiple external ports. The first port is connected to the throttling and metering module, the second port is connected to the outlet combination module 7, the third port is connected to the venting and dispersion module 6, and the fourth port is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank. Furthermore, the desanding module and separation module in the desanding and separation module 5 can be used in combination or independently to perform their respective module functions. The desanding and separation module mainly consists of a desander 5.1, a gas-liquid separator 5.2, an electromagnetic flowmeter 5.3, an orifice plate flowmeter 5.4, an electric regulating valve 5.5, an electric regulating valve 5.6, and a desanding and separation module control cabinet 5.7. Overall, it has the functions of desanding, gas-liquid separation, and single-phase metering of the raw gas from the wellhead gas production tree. Among them, the desander 5.1 can separate sand bodies from the feed gas in the wellhead gas tree; the gas-liquid separator 5.2 can separate liquid from the feed gas in the wellhead gas tree; the electromagnetic flowmeter 5.3 is arranged downstream of the gas-liquid separator 5.2 and can measure the separated single-phase liquid; the orifice plate flowmeter 5.4 is arranged downstream of the gas-liquid separator 5.2 and can measure the separated single-phase gas; the electric regulating valve is arranged between the desander separation module 5 and the produced fluid backflow tank to regulate the flow rate of the discharged liquid after separation; the module control cabinet sends regulation commands to the electric regulating valve based on the data collected by the electromagnetic flowmeter 5.3 and the orifice plate flowmeter 5.4.

[0087] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 , Figure 9 The venting and venting module 6 includes a venting riser 6.1, an electric control valve 6.2, and a venting and venting module control cabinet 6.3; wherein, when the emergency cut-off module 2 or the outgoing combination module 7 cuts off and isolates the gathering and transportation process area from the outside, the venting and venting module control cabinet 6.3 controls the electric control valve 6.2 to discharge the raw material gas and liquid in the gathering and transportation process area from the venting riser 6.1 to relieve pressure.

[0088] It is understandable that the venting and venting module 6 is connected to the sand removal and separation module 5. It mainly consists of a venting riser 6.1, an electric control valve 6.2, and a venting and venting module control cabinet 6.3. When an abnormal situation occurs in the entire shale gas field, the emergency shut-off module 2 and the outgoing combination module 7 isolate the shale gas field from the outside world. The venting and venting module control cabinet 6.3 controls the electric control valve 6.2 to discharge the high-pressure raw material gas in the shale gas field through the venting riser 6.1 to relieve pressure.

[0089] In one embodiment, see Figure 7 , Figure 9 The outgoing module 7 includes a backflow transfer pump 7.1, a platform mixed-transport booster pump 7.2, an outgoing shut-off solenoid valve 7.3, and an outgoing module control cabinet 7.4. The backflow transfer pump 7.1 is connected to the produced fluid backflow pool; the platform mixed-transport booster pump 7.2 is used to pressurize and maintain the external pressure of the gathering and transportation process area; the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve 7.3 is used to isolate the gathering and transportation process area from the outside world; and the outgoing module control cabinet 7.4 is used to perform logical judgments and control based on the data returned by the backflow transfer pump 7.1, the platform mixed-transport booster pump 7.2, and the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve 7.3.

[0090] Understandably, the outgoing module 7 is connected to the desanding and separation module 5 at one end and to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve at the other end. It mainly consists of a backflow liquid transfer pump 7.1, a platform mixed-transport booster pump 7.2, an outgoing shut-off solenoid valve 7.3, and an outgoing module control cabinet 7.4. The backflow liquid transfer pump 7.1 is connected to the produced fluid backflow pool; the platform mixed-transport booster pump 7.2 can pressurize the entire platform, maintaining the shale gas platform's export pressure; the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve 7.3 isolates the entire shale gas field from the outside world; and the outgoing module control cabinet 7.4 can perform logical judgments and execute corresponding controls based on the data returned by the backflow liquid transfer pump, the platform mixed-transport booster pump, and the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve.

[0091] In one embodiment, see Figure 7 , Figure 9 The skid-mounted functional module also includes an electrical and instrumentation module 9; the electrical and instrumentation module 9 includes a remote terminal control system and an uninterruptible power supply system; wherein, the electrical and instrumentation module 9 is connected to the corresponding module control cabinets of the venting and lifting module 1, the emergency cut-off module 2, the throttling and metering module, the sand removal and separation module 5, the venting and dispersion module 6, and the outgoing combination module 7 via wired or wireless means, so as to collect and process the operating condition data fed back by each module control cabinet.

[0092] Understandably, the electrical instrumentation module 9 is electrically connected to the control cabinets of the venting and lifting module 1, emergency shut-off module 2, throttling and metering module, sand removal and separation module 5, venting and dispersion module 6, and outgoing combination module 7 via wired or wireless means. It mainly consists of a remote terminal control system and an uninterruptible power supply system. The remote terminal control system comprises advanced sensing and control equipment, comprehensively collecting, controlling, and interlocking the production parameters fed back from each module control cabinet. Through a one-to-many approach, the remote terminal control system collects and preprocesses data such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, voltage, and rotational speed from multiple wells at the well site, uploading it to the host computer system via wireless / wired communication. Combined with remote video monitoring, this enables intelligent well site management.

[0093] The uninterruptible power supply system is connected to the remote terminal control system. It converts DC power into AC power through the inverter and other module circuits of the remote terminal control system. It has the function of providing a stable and uninterrupted power supply to the remote terminal control system, electric control valves in the station, etc., ensuring the uninterrupted operation of these devices and instruments, and preventing computer data loss, communication network interruption or loss of control of instruments.

[0094] In summary, the integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation system provided in this application can cover the entire lifecycle process requirements of shale gas platforms, from well opening and production to wellbore abandonment:

[0095] (a) During the testing phase, if fluid temperature and pressure anomalies occur, the skid-mounted functional modules involved will include at least: the venting and lifting module 1, the produced fluid backflow tank, and the electrical and instrumentation module 9. Additionally, the wellhead gas production tree will also be involved.

[0096] (b) During the testing phase and the stable production and pressure reduction self-flowing gas production phase, the skid-mounted functional modules involved at this time include at least: emergency shut-off module 2, throttling and metering module I 3, sand removal and separation module 5, venting and dispersion module 6, outlet assembly module 7, drainage and gas production process module 8, electrical and instrumentation module 9, and gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valves. In addition, the wellhead gas production tree is also involved.

[0097] (c) During the stable gas production drainage and gas production process stage, the skid-mounted functional modules involved at this time include at least: venting and lifting module 1, emergency shut-off module 2, throttling and metering module II 4, separation module, venting and dispersion module 6, outgoing station assembly module 7, drainage and gas production process module 8, electrical and instrumentation module 9, and gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valves. In addition, the wellhead gas production tree is also involved.

[0098] (d) During the pressurized gas production process stage of stable gas production, the skid-mounted functional modules involved at this time include at least: emergency shut-off module 2, throttling and metering module II 4, separation module, venting and dispersion module 6, outgoing station combination module 7, drainage gas production process module 8, electrical and instrumentation module 9, and gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valves. In addition, the wellhead gas production tree is also involved.

[0099] Throughout the entire lifecycle of shale gas platform production, the system provided by this invention can meet the needs of dynamic production and changing extraction processes of shale gas wells through the combination of skid-mounted functional modules, and can meet all process requirements of the shale gas well testing and stable gas production stages with only one construction.

[0100] In one embodiment, see Figure 9 In order to realize the various process flows corresponding to the testing and gas production stages in the shale gas gathering and transportation process, this application provides an integrated gathering and transportation method for shale gas platform well testing and gas production, applied to the aforementioned integrated gathering and transportation system for shale gas platform well testing and gas production, including:

[0101] ① During the testing phase, connect the first end of the emergency shut-off module 2 to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, connect the second end of the emergency shut-off module 2 to the first end of the first throttling metering module, connect the first external port of the desanding module 5 to the second end of the first throttling metering module, connect the second external port of the desanding module 5 to the first end of the outlet assembly module 7, connect the third external port of the desanding module 5 to the venting and dispersion module 6, and connect the fourth external port of the desanding module 5... The outlet is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the second end of the outlet assembly module 7 is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve, the third end of the outlet assembly module 7 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the first end of the venting gas lift module 1 is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting gas lift module 1 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, and the third end of the venting gas lift module 1 is connected to the gas source, so that when the well is vented, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore enter the produced fluid backflow tank through the venting gas lift module 1.

[0102] Understandably, see Figure 9 , Figure 10 The integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation technology provided in this application can be applied to the well testing stage after fracturing of shale gas wells. The shale gas testing stage is often characterized by high liquid production, high gas production, high sand production, large gas-liquid ratio changes, and high pressure. It is inevitable that abnormal temperature or pressure will occur during the testing stage, leading to process blockage failure or the inability of the well to start production normally.

[0103] Therefore, when an abnormal situation occurs and the wellbore needs to be vented, the process flow is as follows: the produced fluid from the wellbore passes through the wellhead gas production tree and connects to the produced fluid backflow tank via the venting and lifting module 1. The venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the electrical and instrumentation module 9. Each well corresponds to one venting and lifting module 1. The fluid flow direction sequentially passes through temperature and pressure sensor A1.5, gate valve A1.2, regulating valve 1.1, gate valve C1.4, and temperature and pressure sensor B1.6. The fluid flow rate is controlled by regulating valve 1.1. The data collected by temperature and pressure sensors A1.5 and B1.6 interacts with the venting and lifting module control cabinet 1.7. The venting and lifting module control cabinet 1.7 can remotely control gate valve A1.2, regulating valve 1.1, and gate valve C1.4; the venting and lifting module control cabinet 1.7 can also interact with the electrical and instrumentation module 9, thereby achieving data sharing and intelligent interlocking control between a single module and the entire site.

[0104] When an abnormal situation occurs (in this embodiment, the abnormality refers to insufficient well pressure, requiring gas lift to complete gas production), and the wellbore needs gas lift, the process flow is as follows: the produced fluid from the wellbore passes through the wellhead gas production tree, enters the venting and gas lift module 1, and then enters the produced fluid backflow tank. The venting and gas lift module 1 is connected to the electrical and instrumentation module 9 and the gas source. Each well corresponds to one venting and gas lift module 1, and the fluid flow direction sequentially passes through gate valve B1.3, gate valve A1.2, and temperature and pressure sensor A1.5. The data collected by temperature and pressure sensor A1.5 interacts with the venting and gas lift module control cabinet 1.7. The venting and gas lift module control cabinet 1.7 can remotely control gate valves B1.3 and A1.2. The venting and gas lift module control cabinet 1.7 can also interact with the electrical and instrumentation module 9, thereby achieving data sharing and intelligent interlocking control between a single module and the entire site.

[0105] ② During the fixed-production, pressure-reducing, self-flowing gas production stage, the first end of the emergency shut-off module 2 is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree in the gathering and transportation process area; the second end of the emergency shut-off module 2 is connected to the first end of the first throttling metering module; the first external port of the desanding separation module 5 is connected to the second end of the first throttling metering module; the second external port of the desanding separation module 5 is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module 7; the third external port of the desanding separation module 5 is connected to the venting and dispersing module 6; the fourth external port of the desanding separation module 5 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the second end of the outlet combination module 7 is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve; and the third end of the outlet combination module 7 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, so that the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore sequentially pass through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency shut-off module 2, the first throttling metering module, the desanding separation module 5, and the outlet combination module 7, and enter the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve.

[0106] Understandably, see Figure 10The integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation technology provided in this application is applicable to the well testing stage after fracturing of shale gas wells, as well as the stable production and pressure reduction self-flowing gas production stage. Shale gas in this stage is characterized by high liquid production, high gas production, high sand production, large gas-liquid ratio variations, and high pressure. As the self-flowing gas production time increases, the liquid production, sand production, and pressure gradually decrease, while the gas-liquid ratio gradually increases.

[0107] Therefore, the process flow that can be adopted using the modular combination method is as follows: the wellbore produced fluid passes through the wellhead gas production tree, emergency cut-off module 2, throttling metering module I 3, sand removal and separation module 5, and then to the outlet combination module 7.

[0108] The produced fluid from the wellbore passes through the throttling and metering module I3, with its flow direction being: temperature and pressure sensor E 3.2, gate valve D3.8, fixed nozzle sleeve 3.4, high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 3.5, multiphase flow meter I 3.6, gate valve E 3.9, and temperature and pressure sensor F 3.3. The produced fluid undergoes primary throttling via the fixed nozzle sleeve 3.4, secondary throttling via the high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 3.5, and multiphase metering via the multiphase flow meter I 3.6. Temperature and pressure sensors E 3.2 and F 3.3 can exchange data with the throttling and metering module control cabinet A 3.10, which in turn can exchange data with the electrical instrumentation module 9.

[0109] The throttling and metering module I3 and the sand removal and separation module 5 are respectively connected to the venting and venting module 6. When an abnormal situation occurs in the entire shale gas field station, the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 in the emergency cut-off module 2 and the exit cut-off electric control valve 7.3 in the exit combination module 7 will cut off and isolate the shale gas field station from the outside world. The venting and venting module control cabinet 6.3 of the venting and venting module 6 will release the high-pressure raw material gas in the shale gas field station from the venting riser 6.1 by controlling the electric control valve 6.2.

[0110] The desanding module 5 is connected to the produced fluid return tank, which is connected to the outlet assembly module 7. The outlet assembly module 7 is connected to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve. The desanding module 5 separates the gas, liquid, and sand in the produced fluid through a desander 5.1 and a gas-liquid separator 5.2. The gas phase enters the outlet assembly module 7 after passing through an orifice plate flow meter 5.4, and then enters the gas-liquid export pipeline valve after passing through the outlet shut-off solenoid valve 7.3, thus achieving gas phase export. The liquid phase enters the produced fluid return tank after passing through an electric regulating valve 5.5, an electric regulating valve 5.6, and an electromagnetic flow meter 5.3. The backflow transfer pump 7.1 in the outlet assembly module 7 returns the liquid phase in the produced fluid return tank to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve, thus achieving liquid phase export.

[0111] ③ During the drainage and gas production stage, the first end of the venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the third end of the venting and lifting module 1 is connected to the gas source, the drainage and gas production process module 8 is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree and the first end of the venting and lifting module 1, and the first throttling metering module is replaced with the second throttling metering module, so that when the drainage and gas production process module 8 performs foam drainage operation, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore passes sequentially through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency cut-off module 2, the second throttling metering module, the sand removal and separation module 5, and the outlet combination module 7, and enters the gas and liquid external transmission pipeline valve.

[0112] Understandably, see Figure 11 The integrated shale gas testing and production gathering and transportation technology provided in this application can be applied to the drainage gas production stage of stable gas production after fracturing of shale gas wells. Shale gas in this stage is characterized by low liquid production, reduced gas production, low sand production, continuously increasing gas-liquid ratio, and continuously decreasing pressure.

[0113] Therefore, the process flow that can be adopted by using the modular combination method is as follows: the produced fluid from the wellbore passes through the gas production tree, through the emergency cut-off module 2, the throttling and metering module II 4, the sand removal and separation module 5, and then to the outlet combination module 7.

[0114] The produced fluid from the wellbore passes through the throttling and metering module II4, with its flow direction being: temperature and pressure sensor G 4.2, gate valve F 4.7, high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4, multiphase flow meter II 4.5, gate valve G 4.8, and temperature and pressure sensor H 4.3. The produced fluid undergoes primary throttling via the high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve 4.4 and multiphase metering via the multiphase flow meter II 4.5, which is capable of handling low liquid and low gas flow rates. Temperature and pressure sensors G 4.2 and H 4.3 can interact with the throttling and metering module control cabinet B 4.9, which in turn can interact with the electrical instrumentation module 9.

[0115] Among them, the throttling metering module II4 and the sand removal and separation module 5 are respectively connected to the venting and venting module 6. When an abnormal situation occurs in the entire shale gas field station, the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system 2.1 in the emergency cut-off module 2 and the exit cut-off electric control valve 7.3 in the exit combination module 7 will cut off and isolate the shale gas field station from the outside world. The venting and venting module control cabinet 6.3 of the venting and venting module 6 will release the high-pressure raw material gas in the shale gas field station from the venting riser 6.1 by controlling the electric control valve 6.2.

[0116] The desanding module 5 is connected to the produced fluid return tank, which is connected to the outlet assembly module 7. The outlet assembly module 7 is connected to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve. Due to the low sand production at this stage, the desander 5.1 in the desanding module 5 can be removed and reused in other processes. The desanding module 5 can also separate the gas, liquid, and sand in the produced fluid via the gas-liquid separator 5.2. The gas phase enters the outlet assembly module 7 after passing through the orifice plate flow meter 5.4, and then enters the gas-liquid export pipeline valve after passing through the outlet shut-off solenoid valve 7.3, achieving gas phase export. The liquid phase enters the produced fluid return tank after passing through the electric regulating valve 5.6 and the electromagnetic flow meter 5.3. The backflow transfer pump 7.1 in the outlet assembly module 7 returns the liquid phase from the produced fluid return tank to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve, achieving liquid phase export.

[0117] The drainage gas production process module 8 is connected to one side of the wellhead gas production tree. When the shale gas well requires foam drainage gas production, it can be achieved through the intelligent foam drainage skid 8.1 and the high-precision electric control valve 8.2. The intelligent foam drainage skid 8.1, the high-precision electric control valve 8.2, and the drainage gas production module control cabinet 8.4 can interact with each other. When the shale gas well requires plunger drainage gas production, it can be achieved through the wellhead plunger module 8.3 and the high-precision electric control valve 8.2. The wellhead plunger module 8.3, the high-precision electric control valve 8.2, and the drainage gas production module control cabinet 8.4 can interact with each other.

[0118] ④ During the pressurization and gas production stage, the release gas lift module 1 is removed so that when the outlet combination module 7 performs mixed transportation and pressurization operations, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore passes sequentially through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency cut-off module 2, the second throttling metering module, the sand removal and separation module 5, and the outlet combination module 7, and enters the gas and liquid external transmission pipeline valve.

[0119] Understandably, see Figure 12 The integrated shale gas testing and production technology provided in this application can be applied to the pressurization and gas production stage of stable gas production after fracturing of shale gas wells. Shale gas in this stage is characterized by low liquid production, low gas production, high gas-liquid ratio, and pressure lower than the platform pipeline external transmission pressure.

[0120] Therefore, the process flow that can be adopted by using the modular combination method is as follows: the produced fluid from the wellbore passes through the gas production tree, through the emergency cut-off module 2, the throttling and metering module II 4, the sand removal and separation module 5, and then to the outlet combination module 7.

[0121] When the production pressure of a shale gas well drops to the platform's external transmission pressure, the shale gas platform cannot complete the gas-liquid external transmission function through surface processes. At this time, the platform mixed transmission booster pump 7.2 in the outgoing station combination module 7 can be used to realize the mixed transmission booster function of the entire platform.

[0122] It should also be noted that the desanding and separation module 5 provided in this application is the main drainage and desanding equipment for shale gas platform wells. The mixture of gas, water, and sand passes through the desander 5.1, where the gas phase is separated from the sand-liquid phase. The sand-liquid phase is discharged through the electric regulating valve 5.5, and the liquid-containing gas phase reaches the gas-liquid separator 5.2 through a pipeline. The gas-liquid separator 5.2 separates the gas and liquid phases, and the liquid phase is discharged through the electric regulating valve 5.6. Through the above process, the differentiated desanding and liquid discharge needs of shale gas platform wells at different production stages can be met.

[0123] Specifically, during the testing phase, the desander 5.1 is mainly responsible for discharging most of the liquid, while also using the swirling disturbance of a large amount of liquid to discharge most of the sand. During the stable gas production and pressure reduction self-flowing gas production phase, by adjusting the electric regulating valve 5.5, the desander 5.1 discharges a small amount of sand-carrying liquid, while the gas-liquid separator 5.2 discharges most of the liquid. When the platform's liquid production is less than the processing capacity of the gas-liquid separator 5.2, the desander 5.1 can be removed and used on other platforms, thus realizing the reuse of some equipment.

[0124] It should also be noted that the shale gas testing and integrated gas production and transportation technology disclosed in this application also includes a control method that combines autonomous control with anomaly diagnosis.

[0125] An autonomous control method is embedded in the control cabinets for the following modules: venting and gas lifting module (1.7), emergency shut-off module (2.6), throttling and metering module (A3.10), throttling and metering module (B4.9), sand removal and separation module (5.7), venting and dispersion module (6.3), outgoing combination module (7.4), and drainage and gas extraction module (8.4). Utilizing big data-driven autonomous learning, each module control cabinet independently determines its actions based on the collected data during daily control. When inter-module linkage is required, the corresponding control cabinet sends data to the electrical and instrumentation module (9) within the platform, which then executes interlocking control. In case of anomalies, the data from each module is transmitted to a remote expert system via the communication network. The expert system diagnoses the specific anomaly and sends control commands remotely to handle the anomaly on the field platform.

[0126] The method disclosed in this application can combine local closed-loop autonomous control of the module with remote expert anomaly diagnosis closed-loop control, thereby significantly reducing the degree of human intervention in the automatic control process and continuously reducing the labor intensity of remote monitoring.

[0127] It should also be noted that the shale gas testing and gas production integrated gathering and transportation technology mentioned in this invention includes a modular electronic tag technology.

[0128] The shale gas field station process module proposed in this invention adopts a fully electric control system, abandoning the pneumatic control system based on instrument air.

[0129] In this application, a unified design for the control and communication modes is implemented on the control cabinets of the venting and lifting module 1, emergency shut-off module 2, throttling and metering module I 3, throttling and metering module II 4, sand removal and separation module 5, venting and dispersion module 6, station exit combination module 7, and drainage and gas production process module 8. Electronic tags are embedded to provide electronic identity authentication for each module. Through the above technology, the electrical and instrumentation module 9 can implement unified management of all electronic identity authentication, greatly simplifying the installation process of the integrated shale gas testing and gas production and transportation process provided in this application into a modular model. That is, the module functions and interfaces can be quickly identified through electronic ID cards, and arbitrary assembly and combination of process flows can be completed. This avoids the problem of repeated configuration of various functional modules during the disassembly and assembly process of shale gas stations, significantly reduces the construction cycle of platform stations, and realizes the production requirements of quick insertion and quick installation of skid-mounted modular equipment.

[0130] The shale gas testing and production integrated gathering and transportation technology provided in this application is a process method covering the entire life cycle of shale gas well development. This process flow reserves corresponding interfaces for the technological processes involved in the entire shale gas development cycle. Specifically, the temperature-measuring injection cups 3.1 and 4.1 of the throttling and metering module I3 and throttling and metering module II4 can realize the injection of foam drainage agents. The injection valve group 3.7 and injection valve group 4.6 of the throttling and metering module I3 and throttling and metering module II4 can realize the injection of anti-corrosion agents. The gate valves B1.3 and A1.2 of the venting and gas lift module 1 provide the gas lift process interface and control valves. The platform mixed transportation booster pump 7.2 of the outlet combination module 7 provides the platform mixed transportation booster interface and equipment.

[0131] In summary, the integrated shale gas testing and production method provided by this invention can effectively solve the problem of varying chemical conditions at different production stages of shale gas platform wells. Addressing the significant differences in gas production, water production, and sand production at different stages, the intelligent integrated method of this application can efficiently and cost-effectively complete the development of shale gas platforms.

[0132] The core technologies supporting the integrated shale gas testing, production, and transportation method provided in this application include:

[0133] (1) Pressure-resistant and sand-erosion-resistant structural design method. Shale gas platform wells basically adopt the surface throttling production method. In the early and middle stages of production, sand bodies are generally produced along with gas and water. Especially in the testing stage, the simultaneous production of gas, water and sand poses a severe test to the sand erosion resistance of the surface throttling equipment. In the embodiments of this application, ceramic pressure-resistant and sand-erosion-resistant materials are used at all pressure change locations in the throttling metering module I3 and the sand separation module 5, such as elbows, tees, fixed oil nozzles, and valve cores of high-precision electronically controlled regulating valves. This design method has two advantages: first, the material has high strength and is not prone to overall failure; second, the design can effectively resist the local erosion of high-speed sand bodies and is not prone to local surface failure. The system and method provided in this application greatly improve the stability of the surface throttling equipment under different operating conditions, reduce the labor required for on-site equipment replacement, save costs, and meet the requirements of shale gas field stations for surface throttling equipment in the testing stage and the stable gas production stage of pressure reduction and self-flowing gas production.

[0134] (2) Sand and Water Discharge Design Method. The sand removal and separation module 5 proposed in this application is the main drainage and sand removal equipment for shale gas platform wells. Among them, the sand removal module is mainly responsible for discharging sand and some liquid, while the separation module is responsible for separating gas and liquid and discharging the remaining liquid. The liquid production of shale gas platform wells in the testing phase is often 10-20 times that in the mid-to-late stage of stable gas production. This huge difference poses a great challenge to realizing the integration of shale gas testing and gas production. The embodiment of this application adopts a method of independent design and integration of sand removal and separation to solve the above problems: In the testing phase, the sand removal module is mainly responsible for discharging most of the liquid, while using the swirling disturbance of a large amount of liquid to discharge most of the sand; in the stable gas production stage, the fixed production pressure reduction self-flowing gas production section discharges a small amount of sand-carrying liquid from the sand removal module by adjusting the electric regulating valve, while the separation module discharges most of the liquid; when the platform's liquid production is less than the processing capacity of the separation module, the sand removal module can be removed and used for other platforms, realizing the reuse of some equipment.

[0135] (3) A combination of autonomous control and anomaly diagnosis. Utilizing big data autonomous learning, an autonomous control method is embedded in the module control cabinet of each skid-mounted functional module. The module itself uses the collected data to make independent action judgments. When inter-module linkage is required, the linkage module sends data information to the electrical and instrumentation module 9 within the platform, which then executes interlocking control. When an anomaly occurs, the data information from each skid-mounted functional module is transmitted to the backend expert system via the power grid. The expert system diagnoses the special anomaly and sends control commands remotely in reverse, completing the anomaly handling on the field platform.

[0136] (4) Electronic Tag Method. In this embodiment, the station adopts a fully electric control system, abandoning the pneumatic control system based on instrumentation air, and innovatively designing the electrical instrumentation module 9 to ensure the stability of the electrically controlled station. Based on the above control system, electronic tag technology is embedded to provide electronic identity authentication for each skid-mounted functional module. All electronic identity authentications are uniformly managed through the electrical instrumentation module 9, avoiding the problem of repeated configuration of skid-mounted functional modules during the disassembly and assembly process of shale gas stations, significantly reducing the construction cycle of the platform station, and realizing the production requirements of quick insertion and installation of skid-mounted module equipment.

[0137] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0138] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0139] This application uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated gathering and transportation system for shale gas platform well testing and production, applied to a shale gas platform well site including a gathering and transportation process area, a produced fluid backflow tank, and gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valves, characterized in that, include: Multiple skid-mounted functional modules are installed in the gathering and transportation process area in a skid-mounted manner to realize the various process flows corresponding to the shale gas gathering and transportation testing stage and the gas production stage; wherein, the skid-mounted functional modules include an emergency cut-off module, a throttling and metering module, a sand removal and separation module, a venting and dispersion module, and an outlet combination module. The first end of the emergency cut-off module is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree in the gathering and transportation process area, and the second end of the emergency cut-off module is connected to the first end of the throttling metering module; the emergency cut-off module is used to cut off the gas flow in an emergency when an abnormality is detected in the wellhead gas production tree; the throttling metering module is used to perform mixed-phase non-separation metering of the raw gas and liquid in the wellhead gas production tree. The sand removal and separation module includes multiple external ports; wherein, the first external port is connected to the second end of the throttling and metering module, the second external port is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module, the third external port is connected to the venting and dispersing module, and the fourth external port is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the sand removal and separation module is used to remove sand and separate the raw material gas and liquid; the venting and dispersing module is used to discharge and depressurize the raw material gas and liquid when an abnormality is detected in the pipeline; The second end of the outgoing assembly module is connected to the gas-liquid export pipeline valve, and the third end of the outgoing assembly module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the outgoing assembly module is used to maintain the export pressure of the gathering and transportation process area and to isolate the gathering and transportation process area from the outside world. The skid-mounted functional module also includes a venting and lifting module; the first end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; and the third end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the gas source. The venting gas lift module includes a first gate valve and a venting gas lift module control cabinet. In the drainage gas production stage of the gas production stage, the first gate valve is connected to a gas source, and the venting gas lift module control cabinet controls the first gate valve to allow the gas lift gas to enter the wellhead gas production tree for drainage gas production. The throttling metering module includes a first throttling metering module and a second throttling metering module; the first throttling metering module is used for high liquid and high gas metering in the fixed-production depressurization self-flowing gas production stage of the gas production stage; the second throttling metering module is used for low liquid and low gas metering in the drainage gas production stage and the pressurization gas production stage of the gas production stage. The first throttling metering module includes a second temperature measuring filling cup, a second temperature and pressure sensor, a fixed oil nozzle sleeve, a first high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve, a first multiphase flow meter, a second filling valve group, a second gate valve, and a first throttling metering module control cabinet. The second temperature-measuring injection cup has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module via the second injection valve group to inject defoaming agents. The other interface connects to the control cabinet of the first throttling and metering module to transmit temperature remotely. The second temperature and pressure sensor is located upstream and downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to display temperature and transmit temperature and pressure remotely. The fixed nozzle sleeve is used to throttle the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree. The second gate valve is located upstream and downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to cut off the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree. The first high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve is located downstream of the fixed nozzle sleeve to control the flow rate of the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree. The first multiphase flow meter is located downstream of the first high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to achieve mixed-phase non-separation metering of the gas and liquid feedstock of the wellhead gas tree.

2. The shale gas platform well testing and gas production integrated gathering and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skid-mounted functional module also includes a drainage and gas production process module; the drainage and gas production process module connects the first end of the venting and lifting module to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree during the drainage and gas production stage. The drainage and gas production process module includes an intelligent foam skid and a high-precision electric control valve. The intelligent foam skid is used to realize real-time online liquid preparation, online monitoring of reagents, and automatic reagent injection for multiple well groups. The high-precision electric control valve enables precise reagent injection.

3. The integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The emergency shut-off module includes an electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system, a first temperature measuring and filling cup, a first temperature and pressure sensor, a first filling valve group, and an emergency shut-off module control cabinet; The first temperature-measuring injection cup includes two interfaces: one interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module via the first injection valve group to implement the injection of foaming process reagents; the other interface connects to the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system to achieve remote temperature transmission. The first temperature and pressure sensor is installed upstream and downstream of the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system to achieve temperature display and remote transmission of temperature and pressure. The electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system is used to urgently cut off the gas flow when an abnormal pressure is detected at the wellhead gas production tree. The emergency cut-off module control cabinet is used to control the electro-hydraulic linkage well safety system, the first temperature-measuring injection cup, the first temperature and pressure sensor, and the first injection valve group.

4. The integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second throttling metering module includes a third temperature measuring filling cup, a third temperature and pressure sensor, a second high-precision electronically controlled regulating valve, a second multiphase flow meter, a third filling valve group, a third gate valve, and a control cabinet for the second throttling metering module; The third temperature-measuring injection cup has two interfaces. One interface connects to the drainage and gas production process module via the third injection valve group to inject defoaming agents. The other interface connects to the control cabinet of the second throttling and metering module to transmit temperature remotely. The third temperature and pressure sensor is located upstream and downstream of the second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to display temperature and transmit temperature and pressure remotely. The second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve is used to throttle and control the flow rate of the raw gas and liquid from the wellhead gas production tree. The third gate valve is located upstream and downstream of the second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to cut off the raw gas and liquid from the wellhead gas production tree. The second multiphase flow meter is located downstream of the second high-precision electrically controlled regulating valve to achieve mixed-phase non-separation metering of the raw gas and liquid from the wellhead gas production tree.

5. The integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand removal and separation module includes a sand remover, a gas-liquid separator, an electromagnetic flow meter, an orifice plate flow meter, an electric regulating valve, and a sand removal and separation module control cabinet. The desander is used to separate sand from the gas-liquid feedstock at the wellhead; the gas-liquid separator is used to separate liquid from the gas-liquid feedstock at the wellhead; the electromagnetic flowmeter is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator and is used to measure the separated single-phase liquid; the orifice plate flowmeter is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator and is used to measure the separated single-phase gas; the electric regulating valve is located between the desander separation module and the produced fluid backflow tank and is used to regulate the flow rate of the discharged fluid after separation; the desander separation module control cabinet is used to send regulation commands to the electric regulating valve based on the data collected by the electromagnetic flowmeter and the orifice plate flowmeter.

6. The integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The venting and venting module includes a venting riser, an electric control valve, and a venting and venting module control cabinet; wherein, when the emergency cut-off module or the outgoing combination module cuts off and isolates the gathering and transportation process area from the outside, the venting and venting module control cabinet controls the electric control valve to discharge the raw material gas and liquid in the gathering and transportation process area from the venting riser to relieve pressure.

7. The integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outgoing module includes a backflow transfer pump, a platform mixed-transport booster pump, an outgoing shut-off solenoid valve, and an outgoing module control cabinet. The backflow transfer pump is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank. The platform mixed-transport booster pump is used to pressurize and maintain the external pressure of the gathering and transportation process area. The outgoing shut-off solenoid valve is used to isolate the gathering and transportation process area from the outside environment. The outgoing module control cabinet performs logical judgments and controls based on the data returned by the backflow transfer pump, the platform mixed-transport booster pump, and the outgoing shut-off solenoid valve.

8. The integrated shale gas platform well testing and gas production gathering and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skid-mounted functional module also includes an electrical and instrumentation module; the electrical and instrumentation module includes a remote terminal control system and an uninterruptible power supply system; wherein, the electrical and instrumentation module is connected to the corresponding module control cabinets of the venting and lifting module, the emergency cut-off module, the throttling and metering module, the sand removal and separation module, the venting and dispersion module, and the station exit combination module via wired or wireless means, so as to collect and process the operating condition data fed back by each module control cabinet.

9. A method for integrated testing and gas production gathering and transportation of shale gas platform wells, applied to the integrated testing and gas production gathering and transportation system for shale gas platform wells as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: During the fixed-production, pressure-reducing, self-flowing gas production stage, the first end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree in the gathering and transportation process area; the second end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the first end of the first throttling metering module; the first external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the second end of the first throttling metering module; the second external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module; the third external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the venting and dispersing module; the fourth external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank; the second end of the outlet combination module is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve; and the third end of the outlet combination module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank. This allows the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore to sequentially pass through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency shut-off module, the first throttling metering module, the desanding separation module, and the outlet combination module before entering the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve. During the drainage and gas production stage, the first end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the third end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the gas source, the drainage and gas production process module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree and the first end of the venting and lifting module, and the first throttling metering module is replaced with the second throttling metering module so that when the drainage and gas production process module performs foam drainage operation, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore passes sequentially through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency cut-off module, the second throttling metering module, the sand removal and separation module, and the outlet combination module, and enters the gas and liquid external transmission pipeline valve; During the pressurization and gas production stage, the release gas lift module is removed so that when the outlet combination module performs mixed transportation and pressurization operations, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore passes sequentially through the wellhead gas production tree, the emergency cut-off module, the second throttling metering module, the sand removal and separation module, and the outlet combination module before entering the gas and liquid external transmission pipeline valve.

10. The integrated testing and gas production gathering and transportation method for shale gas platform wells according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: During the testing phase, the first end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the outlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the emergency shut-off module is connected to the first end of the first throttling metering module, the first external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the second end of the first throttling metering module, the second external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the first end of the outlet combination module, the third external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the venting and dispersion module, the fourth external port of the desanding separation module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the second end of the outlet combination module is connected to the gas-liquid external transmission pipeline valve, the third end of the outlet combination module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, the first end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the inlet end of the wellhead gas production tree, the second end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the produced fluid backflow tank, and the third end of the venting and lifting module is connected to the gas source, so that when the wellbore is vented, the raw material gas and liquid produced from the wellbore enter the produced fluid backflow tank through the venting and lifting module.

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