An experimental device and experimental method of a brayton cycle reactor system

Abstract

The application provides an experimental device and experimental method of a Brayton cycle reactor system, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering experiments. The application solves the problems of the existing experimental device, such as the inability to reflect the coupling effect of the temperature change characteristics and power change characteristics of the reactor on the experimental loop, the high cost of the turbine and the difficulty in controlling the turbine speed, and the deviation between the power and temperature of the compressor of the experimental research device and the actual situation. The application comprises a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, a non-cooling compressor simulation device, a regenerator, a cooler and a data measurement system. The reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device and the regenerator are connected in series. The regenerator, the cooler and the non-cooling compressor simulation device are connected in series. The reactor simulation device comprises a first electric heater which is provided with a power regulator. The application is mainly used for the experimental research of the Brayton cycle reactor system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear engineering experimental technology, and in particular relates to an experimental apparatus and method for a Brayton cycle reactor system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of society, the energy demands of various industries are becoming increasingly diversified, and many new energy systems are beginning to attract attention. The Brayton cycle has advantages such as compact equipment layout, high cycle thermal efficiency, and small rotating machinery size. When combined with a reactor, it forms a nuclear power system with high energy density, long-term continuous production capacity, and high economic efficiency, showing promising application prospects in island power, energy, and heating sectors.

[0003] The Brayton cycle reactor system mainly consists of a reactor, turbine, regenerator, compressor, cooler, and generator. Compared to general reactor systems, the Brayton cycle system, due to its smaller size and stronger coupling between equipment, exhibits significantly different operating and control characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a detailed study of the operating and control characteristics of the Brayton cycle reactor system. Experimental research is a crucial step in studying the operating characteristics of the Brayton cycle reactor. Existing experimental research facilities suffer from the following problems: Due to the radioactivity of the reactor, most experimental research facilities still use electric, fossil, and solar heat sources, failing to reflect the coupling effect of the reactor's temperature and power variation characteristics on the experimental loop; because the Brayton cycle reactor needs to operate in a high-temperature environment, the turbine is expensive and its speed control is difficult, hindering multi-condition, multi-control, and long-term experimental research; currently, most experimental research facilities use compressors that are not heat-resistant, and the compressor cools the gas while compressing it, causing deviations between the compressor's power and temperature and actual values.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to address the challenges in designing experimental research devices for these Brayton cycle reactor systems, and to propose an experimental device and method for Brayton cycle reactor systems, providing experimental device design techniques and methods for related experimental research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, to address the shortcomings of existing experimental setups—namely, their inability to demonstrate the coupling effect of reactor temperature feedback and power variation characteristics on the experimental loop; the high cost and difficulty in controlling turbine speed, which hinders multi-condition, multi-control, and long-term experimental research; and the discrepancies between the power and temperature of the compressor in existing experimental setups and actual values—this paper proposes an experimental setup and method for a Brayton cycle reactor system to facilitate related experimental research.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an experimental device for a Brayton cycle reactor system, comprising a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, an uncooled compressor simulation device, a regenerator, a cooler, and a data measurement system, wherein the reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device, and the regenerator are connected in series, and the regenerator, the cooler, and the uncooled compressor simulation device are connected in series.

[0007] The reactor simulation device includes a first electric heater and a power regulator, wherein the first electric heater is equipped with a power regulator;

[0008] The turbine simulation device includes a first mass flow meter, an electric pressure reducing valve, and a printed circuit board type cooler connected in sequence. The printed circuit board type cooler is equipped with a first electric regulating valve at the cooling water inlet.

[0009] The uncooled compressor simulation device includes a compressor, a third mass flow meter, and a second electric heater connected in sequence. The compressor has a cooling channel, a second electric regulating valve at the inlet of the cooling channel, and a second mass flow meter at the outlet. The second electric heater is equipped with a power regulator.

[0010] The data measurement system includes a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple, a first pressure transmitter, and a second pressure transmitter arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simulator; a fourth thermocouple, a fifth thermocouple, a third pressure transmitter, and a fourth pressure transmitter arranged at the inlet and outlet of the turbine simulator; a sixth thermocouple, a seventh thermocouple, a fifth pressure transmitter, and a sixth pressure transmitter arranged at the inlet and outlet of the uncooled compressor simulator; and a third thermocouple, an eighth thermocouple, and a ninth thermocouple arranged at the inlet and outlet of the first electric heater and the compressor cooling passage.

[0011] Furthermore, the first and second electric heaters are both equipped with a power regulator.

[0012] Furthermore, the power regulator is a three-phase thyristor power regulator.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second electric heaters are pressure vessel type electric heaters. The first electric heater can withstand a pressure of 4MPa and a temperature of 600℃; the second electric heater can withstand a pressure of 4MPa and a temperature of 250℃.

[0014] Furthermore, the compressor is a diaphragm compressor, which can be variable speed controlled to achieve pressure boosting from 2MPa to 4MPa.

[0015] Furthermore, the experimental device also includes a supporting power distribution system, a numerical control system, and a data calculation and analysis system. The power distribution system and the numerical control system include a power distribution cabinet, through which all electrical devices and electrical control equipment are powered and controlled.

[0016] Furthermore, the data calculation and analysis system includes a computer. Real-time data information from each component within the experimental device is transmitted sequentially to the power distribution cabinet and the computer via cables, and the computer analyzes and calculates the data.

[0017] An experimental method for an experimental setup of the above-mentioned Brayton cycle reactor system includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Calibrate instruments used to measure temperature, pressure and flow, and check all cable lines to ensure normal signal transmission;

[0019] S2. Before the experimental setup is started, the real-time data from the first thermocouple, second thermocouple, third thermocouple, fourth thermocouple, fifth thermocouple, sixth thermocouple, seventh thermocouple, eighth thermocouple, ninth thermocouple, first pressure transmitter, second pressure transmitter, third pressure transmitter, fourth pressure transmitter, fifth pressure transmitter, sixth pressure transmitter, first mass flow meter, second mass flow meter, and third mass flow meter are calculated by the program in the data calculation and analysis system. When the electric heating power of the reactor simulation device is 0, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the turbine simulation device are 0, and the compressor speed is set to 0, the compressor speed and the power of the second electric heater are calculated by the program and the experimental setup is started.

[0020] S3. Conduct a speed increase experiment on the uncooled compressor simulation device. Change the compressor speed setting through the CNC system. The program in the data calculation and analysis system uses real-time data to calculate the cooling power of the compressor. Transmit the cooling power signal of the compressor to the power regulator and adjust the power of the second electric heater to be the same as the cooling power of the compressor.

[0021] S4. By adjusting the opening of the second electric regulating valve through the CNC system, the mass flow rate of the cooling water entering the compressor cooling water channel is changed, and the cooling power of the compressor is adjusted to be close to the electric power of the compressor, thereby ensuring sufficient cooling and simulating the process of pressurization and heating and driving circulation flow of a compressor without cooling after the speed is increased.

[0022] S5. Conduct a power boosting experiment for the reactor simulation device, change the setting of the external reactivity parameters in the program of the data calculation and analysis system, obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation, input the electric heating power data into the power regulator, the power regulator changes the heating power of the first electric heater, and obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation based on the real-time change data.

[0023] S6. Conduct a pressure reduction and cooling experiment on the turbine simulation device. Start the calculation program control switch in the device. Calculate the target pressure reduction value and target cooling power value of the turbine simulation device based on the real-time change data. The program calculates the valve opening value of the electric pressure reducing valve and the first electric regulating valve at the next moment based on the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value. Then, control the valve opening of the electric pressure reducing valve and the first electric regulating valve through the numerical control system.

[0024] After the temperature and pressure of the electric pressure reducing valve inlet and the printed circuit board cooler outlet, as well as the mass flow rate of the turbine simulation device, change, the experimental device will automatically repeat the program control steps in S6 to simulate the cooling and depressurization process of the turbine after the inlet temperature and mass flow rate change.

[0025] S8. Repeat step S5 continuously until the power of the first electric heater stabilizes, thus completing the power boosting experiment of the reactor simulation device.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the experimental apparatus and method for a Brayton cycle reactor system described in this invention are:

[0027] 1. The experimental apparatus of this invention forms a simulated reactor by combining an electric heater and a power regulator, which can demonstrate the coupling effect of the reactor's temperature feedback characteristics and power change characteristics on the experimental loop, and support experimental research on Brayton cycle reactor systems.

[0028] 2. The experimental device of this invention adopts a turbine simulation device consisting of an electric pressure reducing valve and a printed circuit board type cooler, which replaces the turbine and the matching generator in the system, reducing the space occupied by the experimental device, construction cost and implementation difficulty, and improving the safety of the experimental device.

[0029] 3. The experimental apparatus of the present invention corrects the power and temperature deviations caused by cooling by adding an electric heater after the compressor, making the compressor characteristics closer to reality, reducing errors, and increasing the reliability of the experimental apparatus.

[0030] 4. This invention uses a measurement system and a numerical control system to perform intelligent data information acquisition and intelligent equipment control, which reduces the difficulty of data acquisition and control of the experimental device and improves experimental efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection method of the reactor simulation device described in the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection method of the turbine simulation device described in the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection method of the uncooled compressor simulation device described in the experimental apparatus of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1-First electric heater; 2-Power regulator; 3-Distribution cabinet; 4-Computer; 5-First mass flow meter; 6-Electric pressure reducing valve; 7-First electric regulating valve; 8-Printed circuit board type cooler; 9-Compressor; 10-Second electric heater; 11-Second electric regulating valve; 12-Second mass flow meter; 13-Third mass flow meter; 14-Regenerator; 15-Cooler;

[0037] T1 - First thermocouple; T2 - Second thermocouple; T3 - Third thermocouple; T4 - Fourth thermocouple; T5 - Fifth thermocouple; T6 - Sixth thermocouple; T7 - ​​Seventh thermocouple; T8 - Eighth thermocouple; T9 - Ninth thermocouple;

[0038] P1 - First pressure transmitter; P2 - Second pressure transmitter; P3 - Third pressure transmitter; P4 - Fourth pressure transmitter; P5 - Fifth pressure transmitter; P6 - Sixth pressure transmitter. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0040] I. Detailed Implementation Method 1, see [link / reference] Figure 1-4 This embodiment describes an experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system, comprising a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, an uncooled compressor simulation device, a regenerator 14, a cooler 15, and a data measurement system. The reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device, and the regenerator 14 are connected in series, and the regenerator 14, the cooler 15, and the uncooled compressor simulation device are connected in series.

[0041] The reactor simulation device includes a first electric heater 1 and a power regulator 2, wherein the first electric heater 1 is equipped with the power regulator 2;

[0042] The turbine simulation device includes a first mass flow meter 5, an electric pressure reducing valve 6, and a printed circuit board type cooler 8 connected in sequence. The printed circuit board type cooler 8 is provided with a first electric regulating valve 7 at the cooling water inlet.

[0043] The uncooled compressor simulation device includes a compressor 9, a third mass flow meter 13, and a second electric heater 10 connected in sequence. The compressor 9 is provided with a cooling channel. A second electric regulating valve 11 is provided at the inlet of the cooling channel and a second mass flow meter 12 is provided at the outlet. The second electric heater 10 is equipped with a power regulator 2.

[0044] The data measurement system includes a first thermocouple T1, a second thermocouple T2, a first pressure transmitter P1 and a second pressure transmitter P2 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simulator; a fourth thermocouple T4, a fifth thermocouple T5, a third pressure transmitter P3 and a fourth pressure transmitter P4 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the turbine simulator; a sixth thermocouple T6, a seventh thermocouple T7, a fifth pressure transmitter P5 and a sixth pressure transmitter P6 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the uncooled compressor simulator; and a third thermocouple T3, an eighth thermocouple T8 and a ninth thermocouple T9 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling channel between the first electric heater 1 and the compressor 9.

[0045] This invention measures the inlet and outlet temperatures and the surface temperature of the heating rods of a reactor simulation device using a first thermocouple T1, a second thermocouple T2, a third thermocouple T3, a first pressure transmitter P1, and a second pressure transmitter P2. The measured real-time data is then transmitted sequentially to a data calculation and analysis system via cables. The reactor power is calculated using a program developed based on a point-reactor model and a reactivity-temperature negative feedback model. This calculation is then fed back to the numerical control system, where a power regulator 2 is used to adjust the power of the electric heater. This allows the power characteristics of the electric heater to correspond to the power characteristics of the actual reactor, thus simulating the reactor device.

[0046] The real-time data information of the fourth thermocouple T4, the fifth thermocouple T5, the third pressure transmitter P3, the fourth pressure transmitter P4, the first mass flow meter 5, the electric pressure reducing valve 6, and the first electric regulating valve 7 of this invention are transmitted to the numerical control system and the data calculation and analysis system via cables. The data calculation and analysis system inputs these data into a program developed based on the turbine power calculation model, the rotor speed calculation model, the turbine characteristic model, and the pressure reducing valve resistance characteristic model. First, the current power of the turbine simulator is calculated using the turbine power calculation model based on the inlet and outlet temperatures and pressures of the working fluid. Then, the simulated rotational speed of the turbine simulator is calculated using the rotor speed calculation model based on the current power and the set load. Next, the target expansion ratio and target isentropic efficiency of the turbine simulator are calculated using the turbine characteristic model based on the working fluid mass flow rate and simulated rotational speed. Finally, the target opening degree of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 is calculated using the pressure reducing valve resistance characteristic model based on the target expansion ratio, working fluid mass flow rate, and working fluid inlet pressure. The valve opening degree of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 is then adjusted. The target power of the turbine simulator is calculated based on the target expansion ratio, target isentropic efficiency, working fluid mass flow rate, inlet temperature, and inlet pressure. The target opening degree of the first electric regulating valve 7 is calculated based on the difference between the target power and the current power. The CNC system and power distribution system control the opening degree of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric regulating valve 7 and supply power through PLC control and cables, thus simulating the turbine simulator.

[0047] In this invention, the real-time data information of the sixth thermocouple T6, the seventh thermocouple T7, the eighth thermocouple T8, the ninth thermocouple T9, the fifth pressure transmitter P5, the sixth pressure transmitter P6, the second mass flow meter 12, the third mass flow meter 13, the second electric regulating valve 11, the power regulator 2, and the compressor 9 are transmitted to the data calculation and analysis system via cable. The data calculation and analysis system uses a program developed based on the energy conservation equation to calculate the heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9 and the total power acting on the working fluid by the uncooled compressor simulation device. The heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9 is used as the target power of the second electric heater 10 and transmitted to the numerical control system and the power distribution system via cable. The power regulator 2 is controlled and powered by the cable and PLC, so that the heating power of the second electric heater 10 is equal to the heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9, eliminating the compressor power and temperature deviation caused by cooling. At this time, the total power acting on the working fluid is the actual compression power of the compressor 9, realizing the simulation of the uncooled compressor device. Simultaneously, the CNC system and power distribution system can control the opening degree of the second electric regulating valve 11, thereby regulating the heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9 to ensure that the compressor 9 is within a good temperature range. The compressor speed is controlled using the same method to change the boost ratio and compression power. The model and program described are existing technologies.

[0048] In this application, the first electric heater 1 and the second electric heater 10 are both equipped with a power regulator 2. Sharing a single device reduces costs, saves maintenance expenses, optimizes scheduling, reduces unnecessary equipment accumulation in the laboratory, frees up more space for other facilities, and improves the space utilization rate of the laboratory.

[0049] The power regulator 2 described in this application is a three-phase thyristor power regulator. Three-phase thyristor power regulators are compact and lightweight. Furthermore, they can accurately adjust the output power according to actual needs, avoiding unnecessary energy waste and improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0050] In this application, both the first electric heater 1 and the second electric heater 10 are pressure vessel type electric heaters. The first electric heater 1 can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature tolerance of 600℃; the second electric heater 10 can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature tolerance of 250℃. Pressure vessel type electric heaters are safe and reliable, and have efficient heat transfer. Furthermore, pressure vessel type electric heaters have a fast response speed and can quickly adjust the output power according to actual needs to achieve precise temperature control.

[0051] The compressor 9 described in this application is a diaphragm compressor, which allows for speed regulation and pressure boosting from 2MPa to 4MPa. The diaphragm compressor is highly efficient and energy-saving, easy to maintain, compact in size, and convenient to install. It possesses stable output performance, maintaining constant pressure and flow output even under conditions of significant load fluctuations.

[0052] The experimental setup of this application also includes a supporting power distribution system, a numerical control system, and a data calculation and analysis system. The power distribution system and numerical control system include a power distribution cabinet 3, through which all electrical devices and control equipment are powered and controlled. As the core node for power distribution, the power distribution cabinet can safely distribute the main power supply to each experimental device, ensuring that each device receives a stable and suitable power supply. Through the instruments and indicator lights on the power distribution cabinet, experimental personnel can monitor key parameters such as current and voltage in real time, promptly detect abnormalities, and take appropriate measures. Modern power distribution cabinets are compact in design, with rationally arranged internal components, saving valuable space in the laboratory.

[0053] The data calculation and analysis system described in this application includes a computer 4. Real-time data information from various components within the experimental setup is sequentially transmitted to the power distribution cabinet 3 and the computer 4 via cables. The computer 4 analyzes and calculates the data. The computer can run various complex models and algorithms to perform high-precision calculations on massive amounts of data in a very short time. Through professional visualization tools, the computer can transform abstract data and present it more intuitively to experimental personnel, helping them to understand the characteristics of the experimental data more clearly.

[0054] An experimental method for an experimental setup of the above-mentioned Brayton cycle reactor system includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Calibrate instruments used to measure temperature, pressure and flow, and check all cable lines to ensure normal signal transmission;

[0056] S2. Before the experimental setup is started, the real-time data from the first thermocouple T1, the second thermocouple T2, the third thermocouple T3, the fourth thermocouple T4, the fifth thermocouple T5, the sixth thermocouple T6, the seventh thermocouple T7, the eighth thermocouple T8, the ninth thermocouple T9, the first pressure transmitter P1, the second pressure transmitter P2, the third pressure transmitter P3, the fourth pressure transmitter P4, the fifth pressure transmitter P5, the sixth pressure transmitter P6, the first mass flow meter 5, the second mass flow meter 12, and the third mass flow meter 13 are calculated by the program in the data calculation and analysis system. When the electric heating power of the reactor simulation device is 0, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the turbine simulation device are 0, and the speed of compressor 9 is set to 0, the speed of compressor 9 and the power of the second electric heater 10 are 0 after calculation by the program, and the experimental setup is started.

[0057] S3. Conduct a speed increase experiment of the uncooled compressor simulation device. Change the speed setting of compressor 9 through the CNC system. The program in the data calculation and analysis system calculates the cooling power of compressor 9 using real-time data. Transmit the cooling power signal of compressor 9 to power regulator 2 and adjust the power of the second electric heater 10 to be the same as the cooling power of compressor 9.

[0058] S4. By adjusting the opening of the second electric regulating valve 11 through the CNC system, the mass flow rate of the cooling water entering the cooling water channel of the compressor 9 is changed, and the cooling power of the compressor 9 is adjusted to be close to the electric power of the compressor, thereby ensuring sufficient cooling and simulating the process of pressurization and heating and driving circulation flow of a compressor without cooling after the speed is increased.

[0059] S5. Conduct a power boosting experiment of the reactor simulation device, change the setting of the external reactivity parameters of the program in the data calculation and analysis system, obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation, input the electric heating power data into the power regulator 2, the power regulator 2 changes the heating power of the first electric heater 1, and obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation based on the real-time change data.

[0060] S6. Conduct a pressure reduction and cooling experiment on the turbine simulation device. Start the calculation program control switch in the device. Calculate the target pressure reduction value and target cooling power value of the turbine simulation device based on the real-time change data. The program calculates the valve opening value of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric regulating valve 7 at the next moment based on the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value. Then, control the valve opening of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric regulating valve 7 through the numerical control system.

[0061] After the temperature and pressure of the inlet of S7, electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the outlet of printed circuit board cooler 8, as well as the mass flow rate of the turbine simulation device, change, the experimental device will automatically repeat the program control steps in S6 to simulate the cooling and depressurization process of the turbine after the inlet temperature and mass flow rate change.

[0062] S8. Repeat step S5 continuously until the power of the first electric heater 1 is stable, thus completing the power increase experiment of the reactor simulation device.

[0063] This experimental method is scientifically rigorous, safe, and reliable. It allows for precise control of relevant parameters, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data. This method supports simultaneous experiments in multiple regions, increasing the amount of information obtained per unit time. Furthermore, this method proposes a novel experimental approach for Brayton cycle reactor systems, promoting related experimental research.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. An experimental setup for a Brayton cycle reactor system, characterized in that: It includes a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, a non-cooled compressor simulation device, a regenerator (14), a cooler (15), and a data measurement system. The reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device, and the regenerator (14) are connected in series, and the regenerator (14), the cooler (15), and the non-cooled compressor simulation device are connected in series. The reactor simulation device includes a first electric heater (1) and a power regulator (2), wherein the first electric heater (1) is equipped with the power regulator (2); The turbine simulation device includes a first mass flow meter (5), an electric pressure reducing valve (6), and a printed circuit board type cooler (8) connected in sequence. The printed circuit board type cooler (8) is provided with a first electric regulating valve (7) at the cooling water inlet. The uncooled compressor simulation device includes a compressor (9), a third mass flow meter (13), and a second electric heater (10) connected in sequence. The compressor (9) is provided with a cooling channel. A second electric regulating valve (11) is provided at the inlet of the cooling channel and a second mass flow meter (12) is provided at the outlet. The second electric heater (10) is equipped with a power regulator (2). The data measurement system includes a first thermocouple (T1), a second thermocouple (T2), a first pressure transmitter (P1), and a second pressure transmitter (P2) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simulator; a fourth thermocouple (T4), a fifth thermocouple (T5), a third pressure transmitter (P3), and a fourth pressure transmitter (P4) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the turbine simulator; a sixth thermocouple (T6), a seventh thermocouple (T7), a fifth pressure transmitter (P5), and a sixth pressure transmitter (P6) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the uncooled compressor simulator; and a third thermocouple (T3), an eighth thermocouple (T8), and a ninth thermocouple (T9) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling passage between the first electric heater (1) and the compressor (9).

2. The experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electric heater (1) and the second electric heater (10) are both equipped with a power regulator (2).

3. The experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power regulator (2) is a three-phase power thyristor regulator.

4. The experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electric heater (1) and the second electric heater (10) are both pressure vessel type electric heaters. The first electric heater (1) can withstand a pressure of 4MPa and a temperature of 600℃. The second electric heater (10) can withstand a pressure of 4MPa and a temperature of 250℃.

5. The experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compressor (9) is a diaphragm compressor, which can be speed controlled to achieve pressure boosting from 2MPa to 4MPa.

6. An experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The experimental device also includes a supporting power distribution system, a numerical control system and a data calculation and analysis system. The power distribution system and the numerical control system include a power distribution cabinet (3). All electrical devices and electrical control equipment are powered and controlled through the power distribution cabinet (3).

7. The experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data calculation and analysis system includes a computer (4). Real-time data information of each component in the experimental device is transmitted sequentially to the power distribution cabinet (3) and the computer (4) via cables. The computer (4) analyzes and calculates the data.

8. An experimental method for an experimental apparatus for a Brayton cycle reactor system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1. Calibrate instruments used to measure temperature, pressure and flow, and check all cable lines to ensure normal signal transmission; S2. Before the experimental device is started, the real-time data of the first thermocouple (T1), the second thermocouple (T2), the third thermocouple (T3), the fourth thermocouple (T4), the fifth thermocouple (T5), the sixth thermocouple (T6), the seventh thermocouple (T7), the eighth thermocouple (T8), the ninth thermocouple (T9), the first pressure transmitter (P1), the second pressure transmitter (P2), the third pressure transmitter (P3), the fourth pressure transmitter (P4), the fifth pressure transmitter (P5), the sixth pressure transmitter (P6), the first mass flow meter (5), the second mass flow meter (12), and the third mass flow meter (13) are calculated by the program in the data calculation and analysis system. When the electric heating power of the reactor simulation device is 0, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the turbine simulation device are 0, and the speed of the compressor (9) is set to 0, the speed of the compressor (9) and the power of the second electric heater (10) are 0 after the program calculation. The experimental device is then started. S3. Conduct a speed increase experiment of the uncooled compressor simulation device. Change the speed setting of the compressor (9) through the CNC system. The program in the data calculation and analysis system uses real-time data to calculate the cooling power of the compressor (9). Transmit the cooling power signal of the compressor (9) to the power regulator (2) and adjust the power of the second electric heater (10) to be the same as the cooling power of the compressor (9). S4. By adjusting the opening of the second electric regulating valve (11) through the numerical control system, the mass flow rate of the cooling water entering the cooling water channel of the compressor (9) is changed, and the cooling power of the compressor (9) is adjusted to be close to the electric power of the compressor, so as to ensure sufficient cooling and simulate the process of pressurization and heating and driving circulation flow of the compressor without cooling after the speed is increased. S5. Conduct a power boosting experiment of the reactor simulation device, change the setting of the external reactivity parameters of the program in the data calculation and analysis system, obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation, input the electric heating power data into the power regulator (2), the power regulator (2) changes the heating power of the first electric heater (1), and obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation based on the real-time change data. S6. Conduct a pressure reduction and cooling experiment of the turbine simulation device. Start the calculation program control switch in the device. Calculate the target pressure reduction value and target cooling power value of the turbine simulation device through the program based on the real-time change data. The program calculates the valve opening value of the electric pressure reducing valve (6) and the first electric regulating valve (7) at the next moment based on the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value. Then, control the valve opening of the electric pressure reducing valve (6) and the first electric regulating valve (7) through the numerical control system. After the temperature and pressure of the inlet of the electric pressure reducing valve (6) and the outlet of the printed circuit board cooler (8) and the mass flow data of the turbine simulation device change, the experimental device will automatically repeat the program control steps in S6 to simulate the cooling and depressurization process of the turbine after the inlet temperature and mass flow change. S8. Repeat step S5 until the power of the first electric heater (1) is stable, and complete the power boosting experiment of the reactor simulation device.

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