Multifunctional integrated automated ditching yam planting machine

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional integrated automatic ditching Chinese yam planting machine, and belongs to the technical field of new agricultural Chinese yam planting machines. The machine comprises a Chinese yam vehicle frame, a branch erecting mechanism and a front-end soil covering mechanism arranged at the front end of the Chinese yam vehicle frame, a feeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and an irrigation mechanism arranged behind the branch erecting mechanism, a discharging mechanism connected to the feeding mechanism through a connecting mechanism, a film covering mechanism and a tail-end soil covering mechanism arranged at the tail end of the Chinese yam vehicle frame, the film covering mechanism being arranged at the lower end of the discharging mechanism, a motor installed on the Chinese yam vehicle frame and used for controlling the driving wheel. The planting process is simplified, the working time lines of multiple procedures are fused to a certain extent, and the planting efficiency is improved. The structure has a small size, part of the mechanical structure can be lifted, can move freely in the field, is suitable for operation on various terrains and is more friendly to small-area planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new agricultural science yam planting machines, specifically relating to a multi-functional integrated automated ditch yam planting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of today's rapidly advancing socio-economic development, the new diaogou yam planting technology is currently undergoing active promotion due to its significant advantages in planting and harvesting, as well as the aesthetic appeal of the finished yams.

[0003] However, it cannot be ignored that the labor consumption of this planting technology remains extremely high in actual operation. Starting with the basic step of setting up the supporting mulch film, a large amount of manpower is required to carefully construct it, ensuring a stable cover and creating a favorable environment for subsequent planting. Laying the mulch film requires meticulous manual work to ensure it is flat and conforms to the ground; even slight errors can affect its heat retention and moisture retention effects, a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Placing the seed segments also requires precise manual operation; the placement and depth of each segment plays a crucial role in the growth of the yams, undoubtedly increasing the labor intensity. In the soil covering process, the soil must be evenly covered on the seed segments, ensuring an appropriate thickness, which consumes a significant amount of manpower and time. During the ridging process, soil is manually piled up one shovel at a time to form ridges, which is extremely inefficient. The fertilization process is also challenging, requiring manual control of the amount and evenness of fertilizer application to ensure the yams have sufficient nutrients for growth.

[0004] These processes are not only inefficient, greatly increasing labor costs, but also take an extremely long time to complete, severely restricting the large-scale promotion of the new ditch yam planting technology and the improvement of economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem of low planting efficiency in existing yam planting machines and to provide a multifunctional integrated automated ditch yam planting machine.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine includes a yam machine frame. The front end of the yam machine frame is equipped with a branch-supporting mechanism and a front-end soil-covering mechanism. Behind the branch-supporting mechanism are a feeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, and an irrigation mechanism. The feeding mechanism is connected to the unloading mechanism through a connecting mechanism. The rear end of the yam machine frame is equipped with a film-covering mechanism and a rear-end soil-covering mechanism. The film-covering mechanism is located below the unloading mechanism. A motor is installed on the yam machine frame, and the operation of the planting machine is controlled by the motor.

[0008] The branch-supporting mechanism includes a branch-supporting frame, a branch and trunk hopper on the frame, a branch and trunk guide trough connected to the branch and trunk guide trough, a feeding wheel at the outlet of the branch and trunk guide trough, and a branch-supporting arc groove horizontally arranged on the feeding wheel.

[0009] The coating mechanism is a mirror-symmetric mechanism, including a coating frame. A first lead screw is installed on one side of the coating frame. The first lead screw is connected to a hinge support. The hinge support is connected to a pressing wheel through a connecting rod. The first lead screw is driven to rotate forward by a motor, which drives the hinge support to lower the pressing wheel.

[0010] The coating frame includes a reciprocating mechanism with a groove on it. A slider is slidably engaged in the groove. A rack is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider. The rack meshes with a first incomplete gear and a second incomplete gear. The first incomplete gear and the second incomplete gear mesh with each other. A heating wire bracket is fixed to the side of the slider. The heating wire brackets of the two mirror-symmetrical coating mechanisms are fixed at both ends of the heating wire.

[0011] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding mechanism frame, which includes a yam hopper, a fixed push plate, a first push plate, and a second push plate connected in sequence to the yam hopper, and the second push plate is connected to the track.

[0012] A guide groove is provided between the first push plate and the second push plate. The guide groove is fixed to the rocker arm, and the rocker arm is hinged to the eccentric wheel crank. The rocker arm is linked by the rotation of the eccentric wheel crank, thereby driving the guide groove to reciprocate and drive the first push plate and the second push plate to perform alternating translational motion.

[0013] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding frame, which includes a triangular conveying device composed of three sprocket sets. The conveying device is connected by hinges, and several yam feeding slots are horizontally arranged on the outer surface of the hinges. Each yam feeding slot holds one yam segment.

[0014] The tractor-head soil covering mechanism is a mirror structure, including mirror-symmetrical front-side converging soil covering plates. Each front-side converging soil covering plate is telescopically connected to a second lead screw via a column. The second lead screw is fixed to a sixth gear. The sixth gear is coaxially driven with a sixth drive wheel. The mirror-symmetrical tractor-head soil covering mechanism achieves synchronous movement through a second chain, which meshes with the sixth gear.

[0015] The rear soil covering mechanism is a mirror structure, including a frame, with the left and right frames connected by a reversing bracket. A soil covering plate is installed at the end of the frame, and a soil covering connecting rod is installed on the same horizontal plane as the soil covering plate. A second worm wheel is fixed on the soil covering connecting rod, and a second worm is driven through the second worm wheel. The second worm is fixed to the reversing bracket, and the second worm meshes with the second worm wheel to drive the soil covering connecting rod to move, thereby driving the soil covering plate to move.

[0016] The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer bin, a fertilization wheel at the bottom of the fertilizer bin, a chassis at the bottom of the fertilization wheel, and an eighth drive wheel connected to the fertilization wheel via a rotating shaft. The motor controls the eighth drive wheel to work, and the eighth drive wheel drives the fertilization wheel to move. The fertilization wheel rotates and pushes the fertilizer out of the chassis of the fertilization mechanism for fertilization.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention provides a multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine with troughs, including a yam machine frame. The front end of the frame is equipped with a branch-supporting mechanism and a front-end soil-covering mechanism. Behind the branch-supporting mechanism are a feeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, and an irrigation mechanism. The feeding mechanism is connected to the unloading mechanism via a connecting mechanism. The rear end of the frame is equipped with a film-covering mechanism and a rear-end soil-covering mechanism. The film-covering mechanism is located below the unloading mechanism. A motor is installed on the frame to control the operation of the planting machine. This simplifies the planting process, integrates the work timelines of multiple processes to a certain extent, and improves planting efficiency. The structure is compact, and some mechanical components can be raised, allowing for free movement in the field. It is suitable for various terrains and is particularly beneficial for small-area planting.

[0019] Furthermore, the four-bar linkage buffer mechanism achieves a closed-loop continuous specific arc trajectory, requiring little power and operating at a low speed. By embedding this mechanism between the branch hopper and the dispensing mechanism, the problem of jamming at the dispensing end due to easy accumulation of branches during the dispensing of support branches is solved.

[0020] Furthermore, based on the specific needs of yam cultivation, the mulching mechanism pioneered a joint design for the film-breaking process of the heating wire and the lifting and lowering of the pressing wheel. By calculating the rotation cycle of the gear that drives the extension and retraction of the heating wire and the rotation cycle of the pressing wheel for one cycle of lifting or lowering, the extension and retraction of the heating wire are synchronized during the lifting process of the pressing wheel. Moreover, when the machine stops working, both parts of the mechanism are at the preset optimal position, effectively reducing the load on the power source. Ultimately, the two processes of the heating wire extending to melt the mulch film and retracting back into place are integrated.

[0021] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism directly uses two-stage movable push plates, which solves the problem of motion interference and transmission synchronization between the two push plates, and also offsets the weight of the push plates to the greatest extent. This allows the motor to only provide driving force for the yam, thus solving the problem of the large weight of the push plate mechanism and the heavy burden on the motor due to the yam load. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the scaffolding mechanism in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism in the bracketing mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the support mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coating mechanism in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is an inverted schematic diagram of the coating mechanism in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a top view of the feeding mechanism in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting mechanism in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front and back structure of the feeding mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism for the vehicle head in this invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the rear soil covering mechanism in this invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the soil covering mechanism at the rear of the vehicle in this invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the fertilizer application mechanism in this invention;

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the figures: 1. Branch scaffolding mechanism; 11. Branch scaffolding frame; 12. Branch and trunk hopper; 13. Branch and trunk guide groove; 14. Four-bar linkage; 141. Crank; 142. Rocker arm; 143. Rocker arm; 15. Branch and trunk stop block; 16. Feeding wheel; 161. Branch scaffolding arc groove; 17. Drive shaft; 171. Bevel gear set; 18. Power unit; 181. First gear; 182. First chain; 183. Second gear; 2. Coating mechanism; 21. Coating frame; 22. Reciprocating mechanism; 221. Slide groove; 222. Slider. 223. Rack; 224. First incomplete gear; 225. Second incomplete gear; 23. First lead screw; 24. First driving wheel; 25. Third gear; 26. First worm gear; 27. First worm; 28. Hinge support; 281. First connecting rod; 282. Second connecting rod; 283. Pressing wheel; 29. ​​Heating wire bracket; 3. Feeding mechanism; 31. Yam hopper; 32. Feeding mechanism frame; 33. Fixed push plate; 331. Guide groove; 332. Swing rod; 333. Eccentric wheel crank; 34. First push plate; 35. 36. Second push plate; 37. Track; 38. Fourth gear; 39. Fifth gear; 30. Second drive wheel; 30. Third drive wheel; 4. Connecting mechanism; 41. Yam guide trough; 42. Fourth drive wheel; 43. Rotary wheel; 44. Drive shaft; 5. Unloading mechanism; 51. Unloading frame; 52. First sprocket set; 53. Second sprocket set; 54. Third sprocket set; 55. Hinge; 56. Yam unloading trough; 57. Baffle; 58. Fifth drive wheel; 6. Headboard soil covering mechanism; 61. Front gathering soil covering plate; 62. Front limiter Position marker; 63. Second lead screw; 64. Sixth drive wheel; 65. Sixth gear; 66. Second chain; 7. Rear soil covering mechanism; 71. Moving part; 72. Soil covering plate; 73. Soil covering connecting rod; 74. Second worm gear; 75. Second worm wheel; 76. Reversing bracket; 77. Seventh drive wheel; 78. Seventh gear; 79. Frame; 8. Fertilizer applicator; 81. Fertilizer bin; 82. Fertilizer applicator wheel; 83. Shaft; 84. Eighth drive wheel; 9. Irrigation mechanism; 10. Yam machine frame; 101. Machine wheel; 102. Film covering roller. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A multi-functional integrated automated yam planting machine with hanging ditches has the following structural components:

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, a multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine includes a yam machine frame 10. A branch-supporting mechanism 1 is set at the front end of the yam machine frame 10, and a feeding mechanism 3, a fertilizing mechanism 8, and an irrigation mechanism 9 are set behind the branch-supporting mechanism 1. The feeding mechanism 3 is connected to the unloading mechanism 5 through a connecting mechanism 4. A film-covering mechanism 2 is set at the end of the yam machine frame 10, located below the unloading mechanism 5. A motor is installed on the yam machine frame 10, and the motor controls the operation of the drive wheel. The yam machine frame 10 moves through the machine wheel 101, and a film-covering roller 102 is installed at the bottom of the yam machine frame 10.

[0041] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the branch-supporting mechanism 1 includes a branch-supporting frame 11 composed of Fischertechnik parts; a branch hopper 12 is mounted on the branch-supporting frame 11, and the branch hopper 12 is composed of four hopper plates fixed by fixed square, flat-head rivets and flat-head hollow rivets. The branch hopper 12 is connected to the branch guide channel 13; several four-bar linkages 14 and branch stops 15 are arranged between the branch hopper 12 and the branch guide channel 13. The yam segments in the branch hopper 12 fall into the branch guide channel 13 through the outlet under the rotation of the four-bar linkages 14 along the arc-shaped branch stops 15. A feeding wheel 16 is provided at the outlet of the branch guide channel 13. The material roller 16 has a horizontally opened branch-supporting arc groove 161; a drive shaft 17 is arranged below the branch-supporting frame 11, and several bevel gear sets 171 are arranged horizontally on the drive shaft 17. Each bevel gear set 171 includes four bevel gears, and each bevel gear set 171 is driven by a four-bar linkage 14; the output end of the drive shaft 17 is connected to a power device 18, which includes a first gear 181. The first gear 181 meshes with a first drive wheel 18, and the first gear 181 drives a second gear 183 to rotate through a first chain 182. The second gear 183 is coaxially connected to the material roller 16.

[0042] Furthermore, the four-bar linkage 14 includes a crank 141, a rocker arm 142, and a rocker arm 143. One end of the crank 141 is connected to the branch hopper 12, and the other end is connected to the rocker arm 142 at a certain angle. The rocker arm 142 is connected to one end of the rocker arm 143, and the other end of the rocker arm 143 is fixed to the branch stop block 15. The rocker arm 142 and the rocker arm 143 are connected at a certain angle.

[0043] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the branch and trunk hopper 12 has an inclined structure, which allows the branches and trunks in the branch and trunk hopper 12 to roll off on their own.

[0044] like Figures 5-6As shown, the coating mechanism 2 has a mirror-symmetrical structure, including a coating frame 21. A reciprocating mechanism 22 is provided on one side of the coating frame 21. A groove 221 is provided on the reciprocating mechanism 22. A slider 222 is slidably engaged on the groove 221. A rack 223 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slider 222. The rack 223 meshes with a first incomplete gear 224 and a second incomplete gear 225. The first incomplete gear 224 and the second incomplete gear 225 mesh with each other. A heating wire bracket 29 is fixed to the side of the slider 222. The heating wire brackets 29 of the two mirror-symmetrical coating mechanisms 2 are fixed at both ends of the heating wire.

[0045] The reciprocating mechanism 22 is equipped with a first lead screw 23 at its upper end. The first lead screw 23 is linked to the first drive wheel 24. The first drive wheel 24 meshes with the third gear 25. The third gear 25 meshes with the first worm 27. The first worm wheel 26 meshes with the first worm 27. The first worm wheel 26 and the first incomplete gear 224 are fixedly connected by an aluminum column. The first lead screw 23 is connected to a hinge support 28. The hinge support 28 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 281. The first connecting rod 281 is hinged to the second connecting rod 282. One end of the second connecting rod 282 is set on the film coating machine frame 21, and the other end of the second connecting rod 282 is fixed to the film pressing wheel 283.

[0046] like Figures 7-8 As shown, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a yam hopper 31 and a feeding mechanism frame 32. The yam hopper 31 is located on the feeding mechanism frame 32. The yam hopper 31 includes a fixed push plate 33, a first push plate 34, and a second push plate 35 in sequence. The second push plate 35 is connected to a track 36. The shaft of the track 36 is coaxially fixed with a fourth gear 37. The fourth gear 37 is connected to a fifth gear 38 through a transmission chain. The fifth gear 38 meshes with a second drive wheel 381. The first push plate 34 and the second push plate 35 are linked through a guide groove 331. The guide groove 331 is fixed to a rocker arm 332. The rocker arm 332 is hinged to an eccentric wheel crank 333 to form a lever-crank mechanism. The eccentric wheel crank 333 is connected to a third drive wheel 39 through a transmission.

[0047] The motor drives the third drive wheel 39, which in turn drives the eccentric crank 333, which in turn drives the rocker arm 332 to move, thereby driving the first push plate 34 and the second push plate 35 to move alternately up and down; the motor drives the second drive wheel 381, which in turn drives the fifth gear 38, thereby driving the track 36 to rotate.

[0048] like Figure 9 As shown, the connecting structure 4 includes a yam guide trough 41, a fourth drive wheel 42 and a rotating wheel 43. The fourth drive wheel 42 and the rotating wheel 43 are connected by a transmission shaft 44. The yam guide trough 41 connects the track 36 of the feeding mechanism 3 and the yam feeding trough 56 of the unloading mechanism 4.

[0049] like Figure 10As shown, the feeding mechanism 5 includes a feeding frame 51. The inner side of the feeding frame 51 includes a triangular transmission device, which includes a first sprocket group 52, a second sprocket group 53, and a third sprocket group 54. Each sprocket group consists of two sprockets of the same size. A fifth drive wheel 58 meshes with one of the sprockets for transmission. The three sprocket groups are connected and transmitted through two hinges 55. Several yam feeding troughs 56 are horizontally arranged on the outer surface of the two hinges 55. Each yam feeding trough 56 holds one yam segment. A baffle 57 is provided on the outer side of the feeding frame 51, that is, on the outer side of one side of the several yam feeding troughs 56, to prevent the yam segment from falling out midway.

[0050] like Figure 11 As shown, the soil covering mechanism 6 at the front of the vehicle is a mirror structure, including a mirror-symmetrical front gathering soil covering plate 61. Taking the left side as an example, the front gathering soil covering plate 61 is connected to the second lead screw 63 via a column telescopic connection. A triangular front limit marker 62 is set on the outside of the connection. The triangular front limit marker 62 can be raised and lowered. The second lead screw 63 is fixed to the sixth gear 65. The sixth gear 65 is coaxially driven with the fifth drive wheel. The motor drives the sixth drive wheel 64 to mesh with the sixth gear 65. The sixth gear 65 is driven by the right symmetrical gear through the hinge 66. The rotation of the gear drives the second lead screw 63 to move up and down, realizing the synchronous linear raising and lowering of the two mirror-symmetrical front gathering soil covering plates 61.

[0051] like Figures 12-13 As shown, the rear soil covering mechanism 7 is a mirror-symmetric mechanism, including a moving part 71. The left and right moving parts 71 are connected by a reversing bracket 76. A mirror-symmetric soil covering plate 72 is provided at the end of the moving part 71. A frame 79 is provided on the moving part 71. Three connecting rods are hinged to the frame 79 to form a parallelogram soil covering connecting rod 73. The soil covering plate 72 and the soil covering connecting rod 73 are fixed on the same horizontal plane. A second worm 74 and a second worm wheel 75 are fixed on the soil covering connecting rod 73. A sixth driving wheel 77 and a seventh gear 78 are provided on the rotating shaft of the reversing bracket 76. The sixth driving wheel 77 and the seventh gear 78 mesh to drive the coaxial second worm 74. The second worm 74 meshes with the second worm wheel 75 to drive the parallelogram soil covering connecting rod 73 to move, thereby driving the translation of the moving part 71 and realizing the rotation of the soil covering plate 72.

[0052] like Figure 14 As shown, the fertilization mechanism 8 includes a fertilizer bin 81, a fertilization wheel 82 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer bin 81, and a chassis 85 is provided at the bottom of the fertilization wheel 82. The fertilization wheel 82 is connected to an eighth drive wheel 84 through a rotating shaft 83. The motor controls the eighth drive wheel 84 to work, and the eighth drive wheel 84 drives the fertilization wheel 82 to move. The fertilization wheel 82 rotates and pushes the fertilizer out of the fertilization mechanism chassis 85 for fertilization.

[0053] Furthermore, this invention provides a multi-functional integrated control system for an automated yam planting machine, comprising a Fischer TXT4.0 control board, an STM32F103RCT6 control board, an ATK-MS53L1M laser ranging module, an ESP8266 WIFI communication module, a WTGPS-300 Beidou positioning module, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, a self-made PCB circuit board, a vehicle-mounted LCD serial port screen, a WeChat mini-program, and a large language model module. Two of Fischer's latest TXT 4.0 control boards serve as the main control boards, interacting with an STM32F103RCT6 system board via analog electrical signals to send operating commands. Simultaneously, the system fully connects to an IoT system via WIFI through the ESP8266 module, uploading real-time data to a cloud server. Users can monitor and remotely control the system in real-time through a WeChat mini-program, forming a multi-functional integrated control system of Fischer board + microcontroller + WeChat mini-program.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A multi-functional integrated automated yam planting machine with hanging ditches, the working principle of which is as follows:

[0056] 1. The process of laying branches:

[0057] The first step in the forward working stroke of the whole machine is to lay branches at certain intervals above the already dug trench.

[0058] Before starting work, several branches are placed into the branch hopper 12. The motor drives the first gear 181, which drives the bevel gear set 171 to rotate. The first gear 181 drives the second gear 182 to rotate through the first chain 182, thereby making the feeding wheel 16 start working. The motor drives the four-bar linkage 14 to work.

[0059] The bottom plate of the branch hopper 12 is inclined so that the branches roll down on their own. The horizontal area at the front end of the branch hopper 12 outlet is for 1 to 3 branches to temporarily stop. The bevel gear set 171 is linked to the four-bar linkage 14. The four-bar linkage 14 buffers and prevents jamming during transport. The crank 141 of the four-bar linkage 14 makes a circular motion, which drives the branch stop block 15 to swing through the rocker arm 142 and rocker arm 143. The arc-shaped branch stop block 15 prevents the branches from rolling forward on their own, and at the same time matches the motion trajectory of the four-bar linkage 14. Finally, the branches at the front end of the branch hopper 12 outlet will fall along the arc-shaped branch stop 15 under the action of the four-bar linkage 14. The branches will enter the closed branch guide groove 13 through the four-bar linkage 14. The outlet is connected to the feeding wheel 16 composed of the branch support arc groove 161. The branches at the outlet of the guide groove 14 will fall into the branch support arc groove 161 and rotate with the feeding wheel 16. After rotating half a turn along the feeding wheel 16, they will fall directly above the groove. All the mechanism components will work together to complete the function of lowering the branches.

[0060] 2. The process of laying mulch film:

[0061] After the branches are laid at the front of the vehicle, the film pressing wheel 283 at the rear of the vehicle slowly descends, and the yam planter begins to move forward. Farmers have pulled out one end of the mulch film in advance and fixed it with soil. As the vehicle moves forward, the mulch film roller 102 will rotate out of the film due to the front and rear pulling force, thus realizing the laying of the mulch film.

[0062] When laying the mulch film, the motor drives the first lead screw 23 to rotate in the forward direction, the hinge support 28 moves vertically downward, and drives the pressing roller 283 to work through the connecting rod.

[0063] After the mulch film is laid, the motor drives the first lead screw 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, the pressing roller 283 slowly lifts up, and drives the first drive wheel 24 to rotate synchronously. The first drive wheel 24 drives the third gear 25 to rotate, and drives the first worm wheel 26 to rotate through the first worm 27 (transmission ratio 1:20). The first worm wheel 26 drives the first incomplete gear 224 to rotate intermittently through the aluminum transmission column. This gear and the second incomplete gear 225 form an alternating meshing mechanism. The incomplete gear set (224 / 225) meshes with the rack 223 to generate a periodic bidirectional linear driving force, which drives the heating wire support 29 to work. The heating wire support 29 drives the heating wire to reciprocate. The two mirror-symmetrical film covering mechanisms 2 transmit power through a hinge sprocket to achieve synchronous movement.

[0064] 3. Adjustable spacing seeding process with automatic feeding:

[0065] Alternating pusher motion process:

[0066] The motor drives the third drive wheel 39 to rotate, and the rotation of the eccentric wheel crank 333 forms an eccentric motion. The eccentric wheel crank 333 drives the swinging yam section to move upward, while the second push plate 34 moves downward to close the upper space. When the first push plate 33 moves downward to reset, the second push plate 34 moves upward to perform a pushing action, sending the yam section onto the track 36. The push plates alternate in a cycle to form continuous pushing.

[0067] Tracked conveyor process:

[0068] The motor drives the second drive wheel 381 to rotate, which in turn drives the fifth gear 38 to rotate through gear meshing. The fifth gear 38 drives the fourth gear 37 to rotate synchronously through the transmission chain. The fourth gear 37 drives the track 36 shaft to rotate, so that the track 36 connected to the third push plate 35 forms a continuous conveying surface. The yam segment in the third push plate 35 is smoothly conveyed to the next process by the moving track 36.

[0069] Preferably, this product is assembled using four U-shaped beams and encapsulated on the outside to reduce frictional wear on the yam segments. The sloping groove of each push plate is precisely sized to accommodate one yam segment. If yam segments stack on the push plates, the critical stability of the stacked yam segments is disrupted during the ascent of the first push plate 34, causing them to fall back into the yam hopper 31. This ensures that during each lifting operation, the yam segments fall onto the conveyor belt in rows.

[0070] The highest point of the first push plate 34 is close to the lowest point of the yam silo 31. When stacking occurs, the height of the yam seed section returning to the silo is relatively low, and it will hardly cause any damage to the yam seed section.

[0071] 4. Connecting mechanism

[0072] After being sorted, the yam seed segments fall in a row on the track 36, and then fall one by one into the yam guide trough 41 through the connecting structure 4. The connecting track uses a rotating wheel 43 to assist the yam seed segments in moving forward into the yam feeding trough 56 of the feeding mechanism 5.

[0073] 5. Feeding mechanism

[0074] The motor drives the fifth drive wheel 58 to rotate, which in turn drives the sprocket set meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving the three sprocket sets to rotate. The yam segments enter the yam feeding trough 56 through the opening at the top of the feeding frame 51. The yam feeding trough 56 outside the hinge 55 rotates with the hinge 55. Each yam feeding trough 56 carries a single yam segment. The hinge 55 drives the feeding trough 56 to continuously rotate along a triangular path, forming a loading-conveying-unloading cycle. The yam segments fall smoothly into the ditch.

[0075] Preferably, different planting spacings for yams can be achieved by adjusting the rotational speed of the fourth drive wheel 58.

[0076] 6. Covering process:

[0077] The process of covering the rear of the vehicle with soil:

[0078] The motor drives the seventh drive wheel 77 of the reversing bracket 76, which in turn drives the coaxial seventh gear 78 to rotate. The seventh gear 78 drives the second worm 74 to rotate, converting the horizontal axial rotation into the vertical axial rotation of the second worm 74. The second worm 74 drives the second worm wheel 75 to rotate, and the torque amplification and motion direction conversion are achieved through the second worm wheel and worm. The axis of the second worm wheel 75 is hinged to the parallelogram soil covering connecting rod 73. The parallelogram soil covering connecting rod 73 performs a maintaining translational motion under the drive of the second worm wheel 75, thereby driving the translation of the moving part 71. The soil covering plate 72 rotates adaptively with the translation of the moving part 71 to cover the soil.

[0079] Backfilling process in front of the vehicle:

[0080] When the yam planter moves forward in reverse, the motor drives the sixth drive wheel 64 to rotate, which in turn drives the sixth gear 65 to rotate synchronously through gear meshing. The sixth gear 65 drives the right symmetrical gear through the second chain 66, forming synchronous rotation of the gears on both sides. The sixth gear 65 meshes with the screw slider 63, converting the rotational motion into linear motion. The screw sliders 63 on both sides move in opposite directions at the same speed under the mirror symmetrical layout, driving the left and right front gathering soil covering plates 61 to move synchronously and linearly. When the front gathering soil covering plates 61 descend, the front limit mark 62 of the triangular vehicle contacts the ground to form a positioning reference. The front gathering soil covering plates 61 on both sides are in a V-shaped gathering posture, pushing the soil towards the crop roots to achieve furrow soil covering. When lifted, they detach from the soil layer and maintain high stability through the self-locking characteristic of the screw.

[0081] 7. Irrigation and fertilization process:

[0082] Before operation, a certain amount of granular fertilizer is added to the fertilizer bin 81 fixed on the vehicle. When operation begins, water in the water tank mechanism 9 is sprayed for irrigation under pump pressure; the motor drives the eighth drive wheel 84 to move the fertilizer roller 82. Under the centrifugal force of the fertilizer roller 82, the previously blocked granular fertilizer flies out and is sprinkled onto the ground through the notch in the pulled-out chassis 85, completing the fertilization. Finally, when the drive motor stops working, the remaining granular fertilizer will automatically block the fertilizer machine chassis 85, thus preventing the granular fertilizer from scattering.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine with hanging ditches, characterized in that, The machine includes a yam machine frame (10), with a branch-supporting mechanism (1) and a head-covering soil mechanism (6) at the front end. A feeding mechanism (3), a fertilizing mechanism (8), and an irrigation mechanism (9) are provided behind the branch-supporting mechanism (1). The feeding mechanism (3) is connected to the unloading mechanism (5) through a connecting mechanism (4). A film-covering mechanism (2) and a tail-covering soil mechanism (7) are provided at the end of the yam machine frame (10). The film-covering mechanism (2) is located at the lower end of the unloading mechanism (5). A motor is installed on the yam machine frame (10) to control the operation of the planting machine. The branch scaffolding mechanism (1) includes a branch scaffolding frame (11), on which a branch hopper (12) is provided. The branch hopper (12) is connected to a branch guide trough (13). Several four-bar linkages (14) and branch blocks (15) are provided between the branch hopper (12) and the branch guide trough (13). The yam segments in the branch hopper (12) fall into the branch guide trough (13) along the arc-shaped branch blocks (15) under the rotation of the four-bar linkages (14) through the outlet. A feeding wheel (16) is provided at the outlet of the branch guide trough (13). A branch scaffolding arc groove (161) is opened laterally on the feeding wheel (16). A drive shaft (17) is provided below the frame (11). Several bevel gear sets (171) are arranged horizontally on the drive shaft (17). Each bevel gear set (171) includes four bevel gears. Each bevel gear set (171) is driven by a four-bar linkage (14). The output end of the drive shaft (17) is connected to a power device (18). The power device (18) includes a first gear (181). The first gear (181) meshes with the first drive wheel (24). The first gear (181) drives the second gear (183) to rotate through the first chain (182). The second gear (183) is coaxially connected to the unloading wheel (16). The four-bar linkage (14) includes a crank (141), a rocker arm (142) and a rocker arm (143). One end of the crank (141) is connected to the branch hopper (12), and the other end is connected to the rocker arm (142) at a certain angle. The rocker arm (142) is connected to one end of the rocker arm (143), and the other end of the rocker arm (143) is fixed on the branch stop block (15). The rocker arm (142) and the rocker arm (143) are connected at an angle.

2. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating mechanism (2) is a mirror-symmetric mechanism, including a coating frame (21), wherein a first lead screw (23) is provided on one side of the coating frame (21), the first lead screw (23) is connected to a hinge support (28), the hinge support (28) is connected to a pressing wheel (283) through a connecting rod, and the first lead screw (23) is driven to rotate in the forward direction by a motor, which drives the hinge support (28) to drive the pressing wheel (283) to descend.

3. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coating frame (21) includes a reciprocating mechanism (22), a groove (221) is provided on the reciprocating mechanism (22), a slider (222) is slidably engaged on the groove (221), a rack (223) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slider (222), the rack (223) meshes with the first incomplete gear (224) and the second incomplete gear (225), the first incomplete gear (224) and the second incomplete gear (225) mesh with each other; a heating wire bracket (29) is fixed on the side of the slider (222), and the heating wire brackets (29) of the two mirror-symmetrical coating mechanisms (2) are fixed at both ends of the hot wire.

4. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (3) includes a feeding mechanism frame (32), which includes a yam hopper (31). The yam hopper (31) is connected in sequence to a fixed push plate (33), a first push plate (34), and a second push plate (35). The second push plate (35) is connected to a track (36).

5. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A guide groove (331) is provided between the first push plate (34) and the second push plate (35). The guide groove (331) is fixed to the rocker arm (332). The rocker arm (332) is hinged to the eccentric wheel crank (333). The rocker arm (332) is linked by the rotation of the eccentric wheel crank (333), thereby driving the guide groove (331) to reciprocate and drive the first push plate (34) and the second push plate (35) to perform alternating translation.

6. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (5) includes a feeding frame (51), which includes a triangular conveying device composed of three sprocket sets. The conveying device is connected by hinges (55). Several yam feeding troughs (56) are horizontally arranged on the outer surface of the hinges (55). Each yam feeding trough (56) holds one yam segment.

7. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front soil covering mechanism (6) is a mirror structure, including a mirror-symmetrical front gathering soil covering plate (61). Each front gathering soil covering plate (61) is connected to a second lead screw (63) via a column telescopic connection. The second lead screw (63) is fixed to the sixth gear (65). The sixth gear (65) is coaxially driven with the sixth drive wheel (64). The mirror-symmetrical front soil covering mechanism (6) achieves synchronous movement through a second chain (66). The second chain (66) meshes with the sixth gear (65).

8. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear soil covering mechanism (7) is a mirror structure, including a moving part (71). The left and right moving parts (71) are connected by a reversing bracket (76). A soil covering plate (72) is provided at the end of the moving part (71). A soil covering connecting rod (73) is provided on the same horizontal plane as the soil covering plate (72). A second worm wheel (75) is fixed on the soil covering connecting rod (73). The second worm (74) is driven by the second worm wheel (75). The second worm (74) is fixed to the reversing bracket (76). The second worm (74) and the second worm wheel (75) mesh to drive the soil covering connecting rod (73) to move, thereby driving the soil covering plate (72) to move.

9. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization mechanism (8) includes a fertilizer bin (81), a fertilization wheel (82) is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer bin (81), a chassis (85) is provided at the bottom of the fertilization wheel (82), the fertilization wheel (82) is connected to an eighth drive wheel (84) through a rotating shaft (83), the motor controls the eighth drive wheel (84) to work, the eighth drive wheel (84) drives the fertilization wheel (82) to move, the fertilization wheel (82) rotates and pushes the fertilizer, and pushes the fertilizer out of the chassis (85) of the fertilization mechanism (8) for fertilization.

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