A composite horizontal machining center machine tool

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, and more particularly to a composite horizontal machining center, comprising an X-axis feed mechanism, a CNC rotary table slidably mounted on the X-axis feed mechanism, a Z-axis feed mechanism vertically fixed to the side wall of the X-axis feed mechanism, a Y-axis feed mechanism slidably mounted on the Z-axis feed mechanism, a spindle box slidably mounted on the Y-axis feed mechanism, and a tool head mechanism at the front end of the spindle box. This invention adds a rotary axis (B-axis) and a D-axis movement for tool traverse advance and retraction to a conventional three-axis machining center. With a single workpiece clamping, the added B-axis rotation enables machining of multiple surfaces; the added D-axis movement enables turning operations, expanding the machining range and improving machining efficiency. Furthermore, this invention can utilize a tool magazine system and a robotic arm to achieve automatic tool changing, improving automation and machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a composite horizontal machining center. Background Technology

[0002] With continuous economic development and increasingly diversified customer demands, higher requirements are being placed on the production models of manufacturing enterprises. Mass production methods are gradually being replaced by modular and flexible production methods. Consequently, a large number of machining centers have emerged. However, machining centers have low processing efficiency and limited processing range. In order to meet customer needs, especially in the field of valve processing, there is an urgent need to design a product that combines CNC lathes and machining centers to meet the diverse workpiece processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite horizontal machining center to solve the problems of limited processing range and low efficiency of conventional horizontal machining centers.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a composite horizontal machining center, including an X-axis feed mechanism, a CNC rotary table slidably mounted on the X-axis feed mechanism, a Z-axis feed mechanism vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the X-axis feed mechanism, a Y-axis feed mechanism slidably mounted on the Z-axis feed mechanism, a spindle box slidably mounted on the Y-axis feed mechanism, and a tool head mechanism mounted at the front end of the spindle box.

[0006] Furthermore, the X-axis feed mechanism includes a front bed and a front table disposed on the front bed. A slide rail is disposed on the front bed, and the front table is limited and disposed on the slide rail. X-axis movement is realized on the slide rail through a lead screw transmission mechanism. A CNC rotary table is disposed on the front table.

[0007] Furthermore, the CNC rotary table includes a built-in slewing bearing and a servo motor that drives the slewing bearing; the CNC rotary table is also equipped with a hydraulic locking mechanism, which works in conjunction with the servo system control to achieve B-axis rotation and meet the multi-face machining requirements of the workpiece; the CNC rotary table has multiple pre-fabricated T-slots to facilitate workpiece fixation.

[0008] Furthermore, the Z-axis feed mechanism includes a rear bed and a rear support surface disposed on the rear bed. A second slide rail is disposed on the rear bed, and the rear support surface is limited and disposed on the second slide rail. Z-axis movement is realized on the second slide rail through a lead screw transmission mechanism. A column is disposed on the rear support surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the front bed and the rear bed are vertically and fixedly connected to form a T-shaped bed, and the worktable and workpiece are completely supported on the T-shaped bed throughout the entire range.

[0010] Furthermore, the Y-axis feed mechanism includes a column and a balancing mechanism. A slide rail three is provided on the column, and the spindle box is limited on the slide rail three. Through a lead screw transmission mechanism and a servo control system, the spindle box can move in the Y-axis direction on the slide rail three. The spindle box can also move in the Z-axis direction under the drive of the Y-axis feed mechanism. The balancing mechanism includes a balancing cylinder that drives the spindle box to slide on the slide rail three.

[0011] Furthermore, two spindle mechanisms are provided inside the spindle box, namely an inner spindle mechanism and an outer spindle mechanism.

[0012] The internal spindle mechanism includes a separately driven internal spindle servo motor, a tool-changing cylinder, and a tool internal cooling system. The internal spindle mechanism also includes an internal spindle driven by the internal spindle servo motor. The front end of the internal spindle is equipped with a tool with a BT50 tool holder and is driven by the internal spindle servo motor to realize drilling, boring, reaming, tapping, and milling operations.

[0013] An outer spindle is provided inside the spindle box and coaxially sleeved outside the inner spindle via bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer spindle mechanism includes an outer spindle servo motor that drives the outer spindle separately, and a transverse feed tool head is provided at the front end of the outer spindle;

[0015] The transverse feed cutter head includes a cutter head body and a slider, wherein the cutter head body and the slider are assembled in a relatively movable manner, and a cutting tool is mounted on the slider.

[0016] A transverse feed servo motor for adjusting the position of the slider is installed inside the spindle box. A D-axis transmission screw for driving the radial movement of the slider is also installed inside the spindle box. The D-axis transmission screw is connected to the transverse feed servo motor through a differential. With the control of the servo system, the cutting of the tool transverse feed and retraction is realized, and the Z-axis movement and C-axis rotation are linked to meet the machining processes of face turning, outer diameter turning, hole turning, chamfering, and thread turning.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a tool magazine system, which includes a tool magazine bracket, on which a horizontal disc-type tool magazine is mounted. A robotic arm is installed on the side of the horizontal disc-type tool magazine and driven by a servo motor and a pneumatic cylinder to achieve automatic tool changing, thereby improving the degree of automation and processing efficiency.

[0018] Compared with conventional technologies, the beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] In this invention, the front bed and the rear bed are fixedly connected to form a T-shaped bed. The T-shaped bed structure allows the worktable to move along the bed in the X direction. Throughout the entire range, the worktable and the workpiece are completely supported on the bed. The X, Y, and Z axes all use hard rails for movement. The external forces on each moving part of the machine tool are ultimately borne by the guide rail surface. The machine tool has good rigidity, the worktable has strong load-bearing capacity, and the machining accuracy is easily guaranteed.

[0020] This invention adds a rotary axis (B-axis) and a D-axis movement to realize the cross-cutting and retraction of the tool to a conventional three-axis machining center. With a single workpiece clamping, the addition of the rotation of the B-axis enables the machining of multiple surfaces. The addition of the D-axis movement enables turning operations, expands the machining range, and improves machining efficiency.

[0021] In addition, the invention can use a tool magazine system and a robotic arm to achieve automatic tool changing, thereby improving the degree of automation and processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the composite horizontal machining center machine tool of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the composite horizontal machining center machine tool of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of the composite horizontal machining center machine tool of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the composite horizontal machining center machine tool of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal tool magazine system on the composite horizontal machining center of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spindle box in the composite horizontal machining center of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the balance cylinder on the column of the composite horizontal machining center of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. X-axis feed mechanism; 11. Front bed; 12. Front table; 2. CNC rotary table; 3. Z-axis feed mechanism; 31. Rear bed; 32. Back table; 4. Y-axis feed mechanism; 41. Column; 42. Balance cylinder; 5. Spindle box; 51. Inner spindle servo motor; 52. Outer spindle servo motor; 53. Tool changing cylinder; 6. Cross feed tool head; 61. Tool head body; 62. Slider; 63. Inner spindle; 64. Outer spindle; 65. Cross feed tool head servo motor; 66. Differential; 67. D-axis drive screw; 7. Tool magazine system; 71. Tool magazine bracket; 72. Horizontal disc-type tool magazine; 73. Robotic arm. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific descriptions will be further explained in detail. The embodiments used in this invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a composite horizontal machining center, including an X-axis feed mechanism 1, a CNC rotary table 2 slidably mounted on the X-axis feed mechanism 1, a Z-axis feed mechanism 3 vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the X-axis feed mechanism 1, a Y-axis feed mechanism 4 slidably mounted on the Z-axis feed mechanism 3, a spindle box 5 slidably mounted on the Y-axis feed mechanism 4, and a tool head mechanism 6 mounted at the front end of the spindle box 5.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The X-axis feed mechanism 1 includes a front bed 11 and a front face 12 mounted on the front bed 11, which are slidably connected by a rigid rail; and is driven by a servo motor and a lead screw to cooperate with the servo system control to realize X-axis movement.

[0035] In specific implementation, a slide rail is installed on the front bed 11, the front table 12 is limited and installed on the slide rail, and X-axis movement is realized on the slide rail through the lead screw transmission mechanism; a CNC rotary table 2 is installed on the front table 12.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The CNC rotary table 2 includes a rotating housing, a slewing bearing built into the rotating housing, a workpiece chuck fixedly installed on the top of the inner gear ring of the slewing bearing, and a servo motor that drives the inner ring of the slewing bearing to rotate. Specifically, an inner gear ring can be pre-fabricated on the inner ring of the slewing bearing, and a gear adapted to mesh with it can be installed on the power output shaft of the servo motor. The CNC rotary table 2 is also equipped with a hydraulic locking mechanism to lock and position the rotating disk on the top of the CNC rotary table 2. Specifically, it works in conjunction with the servo system control to achieve B-axis rotation, satisfying multi-faceted machining of the workpiece. The workpiece chuck of the CNC rotary table 2 has multiple T-slots pre-fabricated to facilitate workpiece fixation.

[0037] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The Z-axis feed mechanism 3 includes a rear bed 31 and a back table 32 mounted on the rear bed 31. The two are also slidably connected by a rigid rail. The Z-axis movement is achieved by a servo motor drive and a lead screw drive, in conjunction with the servo system control.

[0038] In specific implementation, a second slide rail is installed on the rear bed 31, and the rear support surface 32 is limited and installed on the second slide rail, and Z-axis movement is realized on the second slide rail through a lead screw transmission mechanism; a column 41 is installed on the rear support surface 32.

[0039] refer to Figure 4 The front bed 11 and the rear bed 31 are vertically and fixedly connected to form a T-shaped bed. Throughout the entire range, the worktable and the workpiece are completely supported on the T-shaped bed.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The Y-axis feed mechanism 4 includes a column 41 and a balancing mechanism. The spindle box 5 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the column 41 via a hard rail. It is driven by a servo motor, driven by a lead screw, and controlled by a servo system.

[0041] refer to Figure 8 The balancing mechanism includes a balancing cylinder 42 that drives the spindle box 5 to slide on the slide rail 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, the balancing mechanism is a nitrogen balancing cylinder, which specifically utilizes the energy storage principle of compressed nitrogen. When the main shaft rises, the nitrogen expands and pushes the oil to balance gravity, and when it falls, the oil flows back to buffer.

[0043] In specific implementation, a slide rail three is installed on the column 41, the spindle box 5 is limited on the slide rail three, and the Y-axis movement on the slide rail three is realized through the lead screw transmission mechanism and servo control system; the spindle box 5 also moves in the Z-axis under the drive of the Y-axis feed mechanism 4.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Two spindle mechanisms are installed inside the spindle box 5, namely an inner spindle mechanism and an outer spindle mechanism.

[0045] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The internal spindle mechanism includes a separately driven internal spindle servo motor 51, a tool-changing cylinder 53, and a tool internal cooling system. The internal spindle mechanism also includes an internal spindle 63 driven by the internal spindle servo motor 51. The front end of the internal spindle 63 is equipped with a tool with a BT50 tool holder and is driven by the internal spindle servo motor 51 to realize drilling, boring, reaming, tapping, and milling operations.

[0046] refer to Figure 7 An outer spindle 64 is installed inside the spindle box 5 and coaxially sleeved outside the inner spindle 63 via bearings.

[0047] In this embodiment, the outer spindle mechanism includes an outer spindle servo motor 52 that drives the outer spindle 64 independently. A transverse feed tool head 6 is installed at the front end of the outer spindle 64. The transverse feed tool head 6 includes a tool head body 61 and a slider 62. The tool head body 61 and the slider 62 are assembled in a relatively movable manner. A cutting tool is mounted on the slider 62. A transverse feed tool head servo motor 65 that adjusts the position of the slider 62 is installed in the spindle box 5. A D-axis transmission screw 67 that drives the slider 62 to move radially is also installed in the spindle box 5. The D-axis transmission screw 67 is connected to the transverse feed tool head servo motor 65 through a differential 66. With the control of the servo system, the cutting of the cutting tool transverse feed and retraction is realized, and the Z-axis movement and C-axis rotation are linked to meet the processing of end face turning, outer circle turning, hole turning, chamfering, and thread turning.

[0048] This embodiment also includes a tool magazine system 7, which includes a tool magazine bracket 71. A horizontal disc-type tool magazine 72 is mounted on the tool magazine bracket 71. A robotic arm 73 is installed on the side of the horizontal disc-type tool magazine 72 and is driven by a servo motor and a pneumatic cylinder to achieve automatic tool changing, thereby improving the degree of automation and processing efficiency.

[0049] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A composite horizontal machining center, comprising an X-axis feed mechanism (1), characterized in that: A CNC rotary table (2) is slidably provided on the X-axis feed mechanism (1). A Z-axis feed mechanism (3) is vertically fixed to the side wall of the X-axis feed mechanism (1). A Y-axis feed mechanism (4) is slidably provided on the Z-axis feed mechanism (3). A spindle box (5) is slidably provided on the Y-axis feed mechanism (4). A transverse feed tool head (6) is provided at the front end of the spindle box (5). The CNC rotary table (2) includes a built-in rotary bearing and a servo motor that drives the rotary bearing; multiple T-slots are prefabricated on the CNC rotary table (2) to facilitate the fixing of workpieces; the CNC rotary table (2) is also equipped with a hydraulic locking mechanism, which is controlled by a servo system to realize the rotation of the B-axis and meet the multi-face processing of the workpiece; Two spindle mechanisms are provided inside the spindle box (5), including an inner spindle mechanism and an outer spindle mechanism respectively; The internal spindle mechanism includes a separately driven internal spindle servo motor (51), a tool-changing cylinder (53), and a tool internal cooling system. The internal spindle mechanism also includes an internal spindle (63) driven by the internal spindle servo motor (51). The front end of the internal spindle (63) is equipped with a tool with a BT50 tool holder and is driven by the internal spindle servo motor (51) to realize drilling, boring, reaming, tapping, and milling operations. The outer spindle mechanism includes an outer spindle (64) coaxially sleeved outside the inner spindle (63) via bearings, and an outer spindle servo motor (52) that drives the outer spindle (64) independently. A transverse feed tool head (6) is provided at the front end of the outer spindle (64). The transverse feed tool head (6) includes a tool head body (61) and a slider (62). The tool head body (61) and the slider (62) are assembled in a relative motion manner. A cutting tool is mounted on the slider (62). A transverse feed tool head servo motor (65) for adjusting the position of the slider (62) is provided in the spindle box (5). A D-direction transmission screw (67) for driving the slider (62) to move radially is also provided in the spindle box (5). The D-direction transmission screw (67) is connected to the transverse feed tool head servo motor (65) through a differential (66). With the help of the servo system control, the cutting of the cutting tool transverse advance and retraction is realized. The Z-axis moves in conjunction with the C-axis, allowing for machining operations such as face turning, outer diameter turning, hole turning, chamfering, and thread turning.

2. The composite horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis feed mechanism (1) includes a front bed (11) and a front table (12) provided on the front bed (11). A slide rail is provided on the front bed (11), and the front table (12) is limited on the slide rail and moves in the X direction on the slide rail through a screw transmission mechanism. A CNC rotary table (2) is provided on the front table (12).

3. The composite horizontal machining center machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z-axis feed mechanism (3) includes a rear bed (31) and a rear support surface (32) provided on the rear bed (31). A slide rail 2 is provided on the rear bed (31). The rear support surface (32) is limited on the slide rail 2 and Z-axis movement is realized on the slide rail 2 through a screw transmission mechanism. A column (41) is provided on the rear support surface (32).

4. The composite horizontal machining center machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front bed (11) and the rear bed (31) are vertically fixedly connected to form a T-shaped bed. Throughout the entire range, the worktable and the workpiece are completely supported on the T-shaped bed.

5. The composite horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis feed mechanism (4) includes a column (41) and a balancing mechanism. A slide rail three is provided on the column (41). The spindle box (5) is limited on the slide rail three and realizes Y-axis movement on the slide rail three through a lead screw transmission mechanism and a servo control system. The spindle box (5) moves Z-axis under the drive of the Y-axis feed mechanism (4). The balancing mechanism includes a balancing cylinder (42) that drives the spindle box (5) to slide on the slide rail three.

6. The composite horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tool magazine system (7), which includes a tool magazine bracket (71), a horizontal disc-type tool magazine (72) is provided on the tool magazine bracket (71), and a robotic arm (73) is installed on the side of the horizontal disc-type tool magazine (72). The robotic arm is driven by a servo motor and a pneumatic cylinder to achieve automatic tool changing, thereby improving the degree of automation and processing efficiency.

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