An underwater vehicle tail cavity bubble internal pressure measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The application provides an underwater vehicle tail cavity bubble internal pressure measuring device and a measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering testing. The device solves the problem that in the existing water test of a vehicle, the local wall surface pressure of a model is measured, and the obtained pressure cannot accurately measure the pressure change of a bubble internal gas-liquid mixing phase due to jet disturbance. The device comprises a vehicle model component, a driving guide component, a locking component, a probe sensor, a probe sensor movement sealing component and a pressure data acquisition system. The vehicle model component, the driving guide component, the locking component and the movement sealing mechanism are installed at the tail of the vehicle. When the vehicle is ejected from the barrel, the spring and the mass block are connected with the probe sensor, the probe sensor is extended from the bottom of the vehicle to the tail cavity bubble of the appendage, and the internal pressure of the bubble is measured. After the vehicle touches the blocking net when it is out of water, the probe sensor is automatically recovered and locked by the limiting ball. The device is mainly applied to the internal pressure measurement test of the tail cavity bubble of the vehicle ejected out of water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of scaled-down model testing of underwater vehicles, and specifically relates to a device and method for measuring the pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] After an underwater vehicle launches from its launch tube, the gas inside the tube follows the tail to form a tail cavitation bubble. This tail cavitation bubble is a key factor determining the force and motion characteristics of the underwater vehicle; its internal pressure directly affects the underwater motion state, and its development and evolution significantly influence the water load and multi-degree-of-freedom motion of the vehicle. Furthermore, the complex flow characteristics of the tail cavitation bubble create a complex stress environment at the tail, which is a major cause of structural damage to tail-end equipment and ballistic instability. Therefore, researching the flow mechanism and evolution of the tail cavitation bubble is an important means of exploring the boundary of motion loads on underwater vehicles, and has significant engineering implications for the hydrodynamic design and equipment development of underwater vehicles.

[0003] Given the current research background and technological level, various types of experiments have been conducted to explore the cavitation of appendages on surface-emerging vehicles, which has greatly promoted the research on the technology of surface-emerging vehicles. However, this field mostly measures the local wall pressure on the surface of the vehicle. Due to the pressure disturbances caused by impacts from jet streams and mixed fluids, these pressure disturbances differ from the unsteady pulsating pressure inside the dominant bubble. Therefore, the ability to measure the internal pressure of the cavitation in the tail of surface-emerging vehicles is still lacking, and there is a lack of measurement devices that can quantitatively capture the dynamic evolution of the internal pressure.

[0004] Probe sensors are characterized by their small overall diameter and long detection range, allowing for the measurement of pressure within the wake bubble without affecting its flow field evolution. However, these sensors are easily damaged. Direct installation on the bottom of the launch vehicle can affect its initial state within the launch tube, and the sensor may break during high-pressure gas ejection or after water interception, potentially leading to test failure. Therefore, a device for measuring the pressure within the wake bubble of a launch vehicle needs to be designed, featuring a freely extendable probe sensor with both drive-out and recovery-locking functions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that in the existing underwater vehicle launch tests, the pressure is mostly measured by measuring the local wall pressure on the model surface, and the obtained pressure is subject to jet disturbance and cannot accurately measure the pressure change of the gas-liquid mixed phase inside the bubble, this invention proposes a device and method for measuring the pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a pressure measuring device inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, comprising a vehicle model assembly, a drive and guide assembly, a locking assembly, a probe sensor, a probe sensor motion sealing assembly, and a pressure data acquisition system;

[0007] The drive guide assembly is installed inside the aircraft model assembly and is connected to the probe sensor. In conjunction with the locking assembly, it drives the probe sensor to perform a smooth reciprocating motion along the axis of the aircraft model assembly. The probe sensor is installed at the bottom of the aircraft model assembly via a probe sensor motion sealing assembly. When the aircraft is ejected from the tube, the spring and mass slider connect the probe sensor, which extends from the bottom of the aircraft into the appendage tail bubble to measure the pressure inside the bubble. After the aircraft emerges from the water and touches the barrier net, the probe sensor is automatically retrieved and locked by a limit ball.

[0008] Furthermore, the aircraft model assembly includes the aircraft head, upper section, lower section, tail section and bottom plate connected in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive guide assembly includes a mass slider, a spring, and a slide rail. The mass slider is mounted inside the vehicle model assembly via a spring support. The probe sensor is mounted below the spring support, and a spring is mounted on the outer periphery of the probe sensor. A slide rail is mounted on the inner wall of the tail section of the vehicle body, and the mass slider moves along the slide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, a spring mounting seat is provided on each side of the inner wall of the tail section of the vehicle body, symmetrically distributed at 180°. The locking assembly is installed on the limiting ball grooves on both sides of the mass slider. The slide rail is located on the other two sides of the inner wall of the tail section of the vehicle body, forming a 90° angle with the individual spring mounting seat, and is installed on the slide rail grooves on the other two sides of the mass slider. The mass slider is placed inside the tail section of the vehicle body along the slide rail.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a spring clip, a small spring, and a limiting ball. The cylindrical surface of the limiting ball is installed inside the small spring. One end of the small spring is connected to the inner end face of the tail section of the hull, and the other end is connected to the limiting ball and presses the spherical surface into the limiting ball groove. The diameter of the limiting ball's spherical surface is larger than the diameter of the small spring, and the inner diameter of the small spring is larger than the diameter of the limiting ball's cylindrical surface. The spring clip is connected to the spring mounting seat at the tail section of the hull, restricting the small spring and the limiting ball from moving smoothly along the central axis of the spring.

[0012] Furthermore, the probe sensor motion sealing assembly includes a sealing buckle, a small sealing ring, and a large sealing ring. The small sealing ring is installed between the small sealing groove on the bottom plate of the vehicle body and the sealing groove of the sealing buckle. Six threaded holes are evenly distributed on the bottom of the tail body of the vehicle body, and six countersunk bolt holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate of the vehicle body. The tail body of the vehicle body and the bottom plate of the vehicle body are fixedly connected by bolts. The bottom surface of the tail body of the vehicle body is provided with a large sealing groove, which presses against the flat surface on the bottom plate of the vehicle body to fix the large sealing ring, so as to prevent water from the threaded holes and bolt holes from entering the interior of the vehicle body model assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure data acquisition system is an integrated built-in test data acquisition system. During the test, the data cable connector and the probe sensor are connected via signal lines to transmit and store data in real time. After a single test is completed, only the head of the aircraft can be disassembled, the data reading quick connector can be connected to the computer to complete the data reading, and the data acquisition system can be reactivated to start the next test.

[0014] Furthermore, the center of mass of the pressure data acquisition system is located on its axis. When conducting tests under different working conditions, the position can be adjusted in the upper and lower sections of the hull using a threaded rod based on the prototype's mass and geometric physical parameters such as the center of mass. Adjustment can also be assisted by adding counterweights.

[0015] A method for measuring the pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, specifically including the following steps:

[0016] S1: Install the pressure data acquisition system on the threaded rod and adjust the center of gravity position. Then install the data reading quick connector side on the upper section of the hull. One end of the threaded rod passes through the No. 1 mounting hole and is fixed to the No. 1 mounting platform by the locking nut.

[0017] S2: Pass the other end of the threaded rod through the No. 2 mounting hole of the lower section of the hull, connect the No. 2 connecting port of the lower section of the hull with the No. 1 connecting port of the upper section of the hull, and tighten the threaded rod to fix the two sections by locking the nut.

[0018] S3: Connect the signal line and data line of the probe sensor with the connector, then connect the tail body of the ship body after the drive guide assembly, locking assembly and probe sensor motion sealing mechanism are installed through the No. 2 threaded connector, and finally install and fix the head of the ship body through the No. 1 threaded connector.

[0019] S4: When the aircraft model assembly is installed in the launch tube and is in a stationary state, the gravity of the mass slider, spring holder and probe sensor is statically balanced with the elastic force of the spring and the friction of the small sealing ring, and the limiting ball is located above the limiting ball locking groove.

[0020] S5: When the launch vehicle model component is launched, the mass slider and spring holder are driven by inertia to continuously squeeze the spring, the probe sensor moves vertically downward and protrudes relative to the bottom plate of the vehicle to measure the pressure inside the tail bubble and transmit the signal to the pressure data acquisition system.

[0021] Furthermore, after the vehicle model component emerges from the water, it is blocked by the barrier net above the water surface. The mass slider and the spring holder move vertically upward relative to each other due to inertia. The limiting ball slides over the limiting ball groove and into the limiting ball locking groove, and is locked by the compression of the small spring. At this time, the probe sensor is located inside the tail of the vehicle to avoid damage to the probe sensor when it falls into the water.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device and method described in this invention are:

[0023] 1. This invention can effectively measure the pressure inside the tail cavitation bubble of an outgoing waterborne vehicle, which can further assist in the study of the flow mechanism and evolution law of the tail cavitation bubble, and realize the exploration of the motion load boundary of the outgoing waterborne vehicle. The probe's insertion position inside the bubble is adjustable. By conducting repeatable experiments, the distribution of pressure inside the bubble at different positions can be captured, thereby effectively studying the multi-order pulsation of the bubble wall and the flow instability caused by its interaction with the incoming fluid.

[0024] 2. The pressure measurement component inside the tail bubble of the present invention, namely the probe sensor, can be freely extended and retracted, and has the functions of driving to probe out and retrieving and locking. It can effectively avoid the bending and damage of the probe sensor caused by unnecessary external load factors when the vehicle is ejected from the tube or intercepted and falls into the water during the test.

[0025] 3. The slide rail, small spring limiting ball, slide groove and other structural components designed for the tail body and mass slider of the present invention have strong adaptability and flexibility. The slide rail and limiting ball are closely fitted with the slide groove, and the small spring has a certain self-adjustment function. If the carrier generates a certain angle of attack after being ejected from the tube, the mass slider can still reciprocate along the axis within the carrier assembly.

[0026] 4. The sealing grooves, sealing rings, and other structural components designed in the tail section and bottom plate of the present invention can prevent water from outside the vehicle body components from entering the model, avoid damage to the data acquisition system inside the model from getting wet, and ensure that the overall quality of the vehicle body model remains consistent throughout the test, thereby ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the test data.

[0027] 5. The components involved in this invention can be processed independently and are easy to install. The design fully considers the overall assembly and testing operations. For example, the spring mounting seat and spring buckle designed for the tail section of the hull facilitate the installation of the mass slider, small spring and limit ball in a small space; the designed spring support and sealing buckle facilitate the installation of springs, probe sensors and sealing rings, while also taking into account watertightness.

[0028] 6. The tail cavitation pressure measuring device of the present invention is compatible with both small-scale and large-scale models. The tail body of the vehicle described in the present invention and its included drive and guide components and limit locking mechanism can be directly installed on the tail base plate of different scale models. It can be used for tail cavitation test research of vehicle models with different scale ratios, which facilitates quantitative investigation of tail cavitation similarity issues of vehicle models.

[0029] 7. The tail bubble internal pressure measuring device of the present invention is compatible with the test of ejection tube, towed tube and other working conditions of the aircraft body. The internal data acquisition system is simple to install, has a stable structure, is easy to wire and read data, and can adjust the overall model's mass, center of mass and other geometric and physical parameters, and has strong universality. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a model structure of a pressure measuring device applied to the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the overall structure of a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a sectional view of a limit locking mechanism for a pressure measuring device inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a drive and guide mechanism for a pressure measuring device inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a DD cross-sectional view of the main structure of the tail section of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention, which is used in a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle.

[0036] Figure 6This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure EE of the tail section of a vehicle body used in an underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing structure of the bottom plate of an underwater vehicle, which is used in a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a mass slider structure used in a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a front view of a limiting ball structure used in a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of a sealing buckle structure for a pressure measuring device inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a CC sectional view of the installation structure of a data acquisition system for measuring pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper section of a vehicle body used in a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle body, as described in this invention.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower section of a vehicle body structure, as described in this invention, which is used in a pressure measuring device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle body.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a top view of the data acquisition system structure of a pressure measurement device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0045] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the data acquisition system structure of a pressure measurement device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the adjustable installation structure of a data acquisition system for measuring pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, as described in this invention.

[0047] In the diagram: 1. Bow section of the hull; 2. Upper section of the hull; 3. Lower section of the hull; 4. Main body of the tail section of the hull; 5. Bottom plate of the hull; 6. Mass slider; 7. Spring buckle; 8. Small spring; 9. Limit ball; 10. Spring holder; 11. Spring; 12. Probe sensor; 13. Sealing buckle; 14. Small sealing ring; 15. Large sealing ring; 16. Pressure data acquisition system; 17. Threaded rod; 18. Locking nut; 19. Counterweight.

[0048] 2-1. Cable tray No. 1; 2-2. Mounting platform No. 1; 2-3. Mounting hole No. 1; 2-4. Threaded connection port No. 1; 2-5. Section connection port No. 1;

[0049] 3-1. Cable tray No. 2; 3-2. Mounting platform No. 2; 3-3. Mounting hole No. 2; 3-4. Threaded connection port No. 2; 3-5. Section connection port No. 2;

[0050] 4-1. Spring mounting bracket; 4-2. Slide rail; 4-3. Large sealing groove; 4-4. Threaded hole;

[0051] 5-1. Center hole in base plate; 5-2. Small sealing groove; 5-3. Bolt hole;

[0052] 6-1. Limit ball groove; 6-2. Limit ball locking groove; 6-3. Slide rail groove;

[0053] 9-1. Limiting spherical surface; 9-2. Limiting cylindrical surface;

[0054] 13-1, Sealing buckle center hole; 13-2, Sealing groove;

[0055] 16-1 Threaded through hole; 16-2 Data cable connector; 16-3 Data reading quick connector. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0057] Implementation Method 1: See Figure 1-4This embodiment describes a pressure measurement device for the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, comprising a vehicle model assembly, a probe sensor 12, a drive guide assembly, a locking assembly, a probe sensor motion sealing assembly, and a pressure data acquisition system 16. The drive guide assembly is installed inside the vehicle model assembly and is connected to the probe sensor 12. It cooperates with the locking assembly to drive the probe sensor 12 to perform a smooth reciprocating motion along the axis of the vehicle model assembly. The probe sensor 12 is mounted on the bottom of the vehicle model assembly via the probe sensor motion sealing assembly. The bottom plate 5 of the vehicle is equipped with a sealing buckle 13, and the central hole 13-1 of the sealing buckle and the central hole 5-1 of the bottom plate guide the smooth reciprocating motion of the probe sensor 12.

[0058] The aircraft model assembly is composed of the aircraft head 1, the aircraft upper section 2, the aircraft lower section 3, the aircraft tail main body 4, and the aircraft base plate 5 connected in sequence.

[0059] Implementation Method Two: See Figure 3-4 In this embodiment, the drive guide assembly includes a mass slider 6, a spring 11, and a slide rail 4-2. The mass slider 6 is installed inside the vehicle model assembly via a spring support 10. The probe sensor 12 is installed below the spring support 10. The spring 11 is installed on the outer periphery of the probe sensor 12. The slide rail 4-2 is installed on the inner wall of the tail body 4 of the vehicle. The mass slider 6 moves along the slide rail 4-2.

[0060] Implementation Method 3: See Figure 5-6 In this embodiment, a spring mounting seat 4-1 is provided on each side of the inner wall of the tail body 4 of the aircraft carrier, symmetrically distributed at 180°. The locking assembly of the limiting ball 9 is installed on the limiting ball groove 6-1 on both sides of the mass slider 6. The slide rail 4-2 is located on the other two sides of the inner wall of the tail body 4 of the aircraft carrier, forming a 90° angle with the individual spring mounting seat 4-1, and is installed on the slide rail groove 6-3 on the other two sides of the mass slider 6.

[0061] Implementation Method Four: See Figure 2-9 In this embodiment, the locking assembly includes a spring buckle 7, a small spring 8, and a limiting ball 9, and is installed and operates in conjunction with the structure on the tail body 4 of the hull.

[0062] During component installation, the mass slider 6 is first placed along the slide rail 4-2 inside the tail body 4 of the hull. In the limiting ball locking assembly, the cylindrical surface 9-2 of the limiting ball 9 is installed inside the small spring 8. One end of the small spring 8 is connected to the inner end face of the tail of the hull, and the other end is connected to the limiting ball 9 and presses the spherical surface 9-1 into the limiting ball groove 6-1. The diameter of the spherical surface 9-1 of the limiting ball 9 is larger than the diameter of the small spring 8, and the inner diameter of the small spring 8 is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical surface 9-2 of the limiting ball 9. The spring buckle 7 is bolted to the spring mounting seat 4-1 at the tail of the hull, restricting the smooth movement of the spring 8 and the limiting ball 9 along the central axis of the spring.

[0063] Implementation Method 5: See Figure 2-10 In this embodiment, the probe sensor motion sealing assembly includes a sealing buckle 13, a small sealing ring 14, and a large sealing ring 15, and is installed and operates in conjunction with the sealing structure on the tail body 4 and the bottom plate 5 of the hull.

[0064] When the probe sensor 12 is stationary and reciprocates through the hole 5-1 in the bottom plate of the vehicle body, the small sealing ring 14 ensures the water tightness at the hole 5-1 in the bottom plate. The small sealing ring 14 is installed between the small sealing groove 5-2 of the bottom plate of the vehicle body and the sealing groove 13-2 of the sealing buckle 13. Six threaded holes 4-4 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the tail body 4 of the vehicle body, and six countersunk bolt holes 5-3 are evenly distributed at the bottom plate of the vehicle body. The tail body 4 of the vehicle body and the bottom plate of the vehicle body are fixedly connected by bolts. The bottom surface of the tail body 4 of the vehicle body is provided with a large sealing groove 4-3, which presses against the plane on the bottom plate of the vehicle body to fix the large sealing ring 15, so as to prevent water from the threaded holes 4-4 and the bolt holes 5-3 from entering the interior of the vehicle body model assembly.

[0065] Implementation Method Six: See Figure 11-16 In this embodiment, the pressure data acquisition system 16 is an integrated built-in test data acquisition system. During the test, the data cable connector 16-2 is connected to the probe sensor 12 via a signal cable to transmit and store data in real time. After a single test is completed, only the head 1 of the aircraft can be disassembled, and the data reading quick connector 16-3 can be connected to the computer to complete the data reading and reactivate the data acquisition system to start the next test.

[0066] Implementation Method Seven: See Figure 11-16 In this embodiment, the center of mass of the pressure data acquisition system 16 is located on its axis. When conducting tests under different working conditions, the position can be adjusted within the upper section 2 and lower section 3 of the aircraft body by means of the threaded rod 17 according to the geometric and physical parameters such as the mass and center of mass of the prototype. The adjustment can also be assisted by adding a counterweight 19 to the threaded rod 17.

[0067] Implementation Method 8: See Figure 1-16This embodiment describes a method for measuring the pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] S1: Install the pressure data acquisition system 16 on the threaded rod 17 and adjust the center of gravity position. Then install one side of the data reading quick connector 16-3 on the upper section 2 of the ship body. One end of the threaded rod 17 passes through the first mounting hole 2-3 and is fixed on the first mounting platform 2-2 by the locking nut 18.

[0069] S2: Pass the other end of the threaded rod 17 through the second mounting hole 3-1 of the lower section 3 of the hull, and connect the second section connection port 3-5 of the lower section 3 of the hull with the first section connection port 2-5 of the upper section 2 of the hull. Then, tighten the threaded rod 17 to fix the two sections by locking nut 18.

[0070] S3: Connect the signal line of the probe sensor 12 to the data line connector 16-2, then connect the tail body 4 of the vehicle body after the drive guide assembly, limit ball locking assembly and motion sealing mechanism are installed through the No. 2 threaded connector 3-4, and finally install and fix the head 1 of the vehicle body through the No. 1 threaded connector 2-4.

[0071] S4: When the aircraft model assembly is installed in the launch tube and is in a static state, the gravity of the mass slider 6, the spring seat 10 and the probe sensor 12 are statically balanced with the elastic force of the spring 11 and the friction force of the small sealing ring 14, and the limiting ball 9 is located a distance above the limiting ball locking groove 6-2.

[0072] S5: When the launch vehicle model assembly is launched, the mass slider 6 and the spring holder 10 are driven by inertia to continuously squeeze the spring 11. The probe sensor 12 moves vertically downward and protrudes relative to the bottom plate 5 of the vehicle to measure the pressure inside the tail bubble and transmit the signal to the pressure data acquisition system 16.

[0073] Implementation Method Nine: See Figure 1-16 In this embodiment, after the vehicle model component emerges from the water, it is blocked by the barrier net above the water surface. The mass slider 6 and the spring holder 10 move vertically upward relative to each other due to inertia. The limiting ball 9 slides past the limiting ball groove 6-1 into the limiting ball locking groove 6-2 and is locked by the small spring 8. At this time, the probe sensor 12 is located inside the tail 4 of the vehicle, which can prevent the probe sensor 12 from being damaged when it falls into the water.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle, characterized in that: It includes a model assembly, a drive and guidance assembly, a locking assembly, a probe sensor (12), a probe sensor motion sealing assembly, and a pressure data acquisition system (16). The drive guide assembly is installed inside the aircraft model assembly and is connected to the probe sensor (12). It works in conjunction with the locking assembly to drive the probe sensor (12) to make a smooth reciprocating motion along the axis of the aircraft model assembly. The probe sensor (12) is installed at the bottom of the aircraft model assembly through the probe sensor motion sealing assembly. The drive guide assembly includes a mass slider (6), a spring (11), and a slide rail (4-2). The mass slider (6) is installed inside the aircraft model assembly via a spring holder (10). The probe sensor (12) is installed below the spring holder (10). A spring (11) is installed on the outer periphery of the probe sensor (12). A slide rail (4-2) is installed on the inner wall of the aircraft tail body (4). The mass slider (6) moves along the slide rail (4-2).

2. The underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aircraft model assembly includes the aircraft head (1), the aircraft upper section (2), the aircraft lower section (3), the aircraft tail main body (4), and the aircraft bottom plate (5) connected in sequence.

3. The underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring mounting seat (4-1) is provided on each side of the inner wall of the tail body (4) of the aircraft body, and they are symmetrically distributed at 180°. The locking assembly is installed on the limiting ball groove (6-1) on both sides of the mass slider (6). The slide rail (4-2) is located on the other two sides of the inner wall of the tail body (4) of the aircraft body, and forms a 90° angle with the single spring mounting seat (4-1). It is installed on the slide rail groove (6-3) on the other two sides of the mass slider (6).

4. The underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a spring snap fastener (7), a small spring (8), and a limiting ball (9). The cylindrical surface (9-2) of the limiting ball (9) is installed inside the small spring (8). One end of the small spring (8) is connected to the inner end face of the tail body (4) of the hull, and the other end is connected to the limiting ball (9) and presses the spherical surface (9-1) to the limiting ball groove (6-1). The diameter of the spherical surface (9-1) of the limiting ball (9) is larger than the diameter of the small spring (8), and the inner diameter of the small spring (8) is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical surface (9-2) of the limiting ball (9). The spring snap fastener (7) is connected to the tail spring mounting seat (4-1) of the hull, restricting the small spring (8) and the limiting ball (9) to move smoothly along the central axis of the spring.

5. The underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The probe sensor motion sealing assembly includes a sealing buckle (13), a small sealing ring (14), and a large sealing ring (15). The small sealing ring (14) is installed between the small sealing groove (5-2) on the bottom plate (5) of the vehicle body and the sealing groove (13-2) of the sealing buckle (13). The bottom of the tail body (4) of the vehicle body has n threaded holes (4-4) evenly distributed, and the bottom plate (5) of the vehicle body has n countersunk bolt holes (5-3) evenly distributed. The tail body (4) of the vehicle body is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (5) of the vehicle body by bolts. The bottom surface of the tail body (4) of the vehicle body is provided with a large sealing groove (4-3), and the large sealing ring (15) is pressed and fixed with the plane on the bottom plate (5) of the vehicle body to prevent water from the threaded holes (4-4) and the countersunk bolt holes (5-3) from entering the interior of the vehicle body model assembly.

6. The underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure data acquisition system (16) is an integrated built-in test data acquisition system. During the test, the data cable connector (16-2) and the probe sensor (12) are connected through the signal cable to transmit and store data in real time. After a single test is completed, only the head of the aircraft (1) can be disassembled, the data reading quick connector (16-3) can be connected to the computer to complete the data reading, and the data acquisition system can be reactivated to start the next test.

7. The underwater vehicle tail bubble pressure measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center of mass of the pressure data acquisition system (16) is located on its axis. When conducting tests under different working conditions, the position of the prototype is adjusted in the upper section (2) and lower section (3) of the aircraft body by means of the threaded rod (17) according to the mass and center of mass of the prototype. The adjustment can also be assisted by adding counterweights (19).

8. A method for measuring the pressure inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: Install the pressure data acquisition system (16) on the threaded rod (17) and adjust the center of gravity position. Then install the data reading quick connector (16-3) on one side of the upper section (2) of the aircraft body. One end of the threaded rod (17) passes through the first mounting hole (2-3) and is fixed on the first mounting platform (2-2) by the locking nut (18). S2: Pass the other end of the threaded rod (17) through the second mounting hole (3-1) of the lower section (3) of the aircraft body, and connect the second section connection port (3-5) of the lower section (3) of the aircraft body with the first section connection port (2-5) of the upper section (2) of the aircraft body, and tighten the threaded rod (17) to fix the two sections by locking nut (18); S3: Connect the signal line of the probe sensor (12) to the data line connector (16-2), then connect the tail body (4) of the aircraft after the drive guide assembly, locking assembly and probe sensor motion sealing mechanism are installed through the No. 2 threaded connector (3-4), and finally install and fix the head (1) of the aircraft through the No. 1 threaded connector (2-4). S4: When the aircraft model assembly is installed in the launch tube and is in a static state, the gravity of the mass slider (6), spring seat (10) and probe sensor (12) is statically balanced with the elastic force of the spring (11) and the friction of the small sealing ring (14), and the limiting ball (9) is located above the limiting ball locking groove (6-2). S5: When the aircraft model assembly is launched, the mass slider (6) and the spring holder (10) are driven by inertia to continuously squeeze the spring (11), the probe sensor (12) moves vertically downward and protrudes relative to the aircraft base plate (5) to measure the pressure inside the tail bubble and transmit the signal to the pressure data acquisition system (16).

9. The measurement method of the pressure measuring device inside the tail bubble of an underwater vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the model component of the vehicle emerges from the water, it is blocked by the barrier net above the water surface. The mass slider (6) and the spring seat (10) move vertically upward relative to each other due to inertia. The limiting ball (9) slides past the limiting ball groove (6-1) into the limiting ball locking groove (6-2) and is locked by the small spring (8). At this time, the probe sensor (12) is located inside the main body (4) at the tail of the vehicle to avoid damage to the probe sensor (12) when it falls into the water.

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