A multi-modal fruit sunscald inducing device and method of use

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, comprising: a mechanical housing for switching induction modes; a fruit sunburn induction system including a light module, a heating module, a humidification module, and a heat dissipation module for providing an environment conducive to fruit sunburn; an environmental monitoring system including a light intensity measurement module, an ultraviolet intensity measurement module, an environmental humidity measurement module, and an environmental temperature measurement module for monitoring environmental information within the mechanical housing; a fruit status detection system including a fruit surface temperature measurement module, a fruit surface humidity measurement module, and a vision module for determining whether sunburn has occurred; a main control system for receiving environmental data and fruit status information; and a data upload system for uploading the data detected by the device to the cloud for recording. This invention can perform functions such as sunburn induction, automatic calibration of data measurement modules, dynamic environmental simulation, and non-contact data measurement using different modes, and is suitable for sunburn research on various fruits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fruit sunburn induction equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device. Background Technology

[0002] Fruit sunburn is a common physiological disorder, primarily caused by high temperatures and strong sunlight, especially prevalent during the hot summer months. This phenomenon is widespread in many agricultural regions globally, particularly in areas with hot climates and intense sunlight. Sunburn not only affects the appearance and quality of the fruit but also leads to reduced yields, causing economic losses for fruit growers. Currently, sunburn occurs in pomegranate, kiwi, citrus, loquat, grape, and other fruit trees, leading to increasing research on this disease. Due to the instability of natural conditions such as sunlight and temperature, and the vast differences in natural environments, targeted research on fruit sunburn is not feasible. Therefore, designing devices that can artificially induce sunburn is essential.

[0003] Existing fruit sunburn induction devices are mostly open small boxes. The fruit is placed inside the box, and a relatively stable and adjustable "high temperature" microenvironment is created inside the box by heating and blowing air. The angle of the opening is then controlled to follow the sunlight and induce sunburn using natural light.

[0004] Chinese patent CN209768294U discloses a device for inducing sunburn in fruits, providing a stable sunburn induction structure that processes natural light to ensure good experimental results.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN118749330A discloses a novel induction chamber structure that can automatically regulate the temperature inside the induction chamber.

[0006] In general, existing fruit induction devices mainly use natural light, which is greatly affected by natural conditions and cannot control the light intensity. They cannot conduct targeted research on "light," a crucial factor in inducing fruit sunburn. Furthermore, when measuring fruit and induction environment data in real time, they often come into contact with the fruit, which has a certain impact on the research on inducing fruit sunburn. Therefore, this invention proposes a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device to solve the problems of low reliability and bias in existing sunburn induction research data.

[0008] A multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, comprising:

[0009] Mechanical housing used for switching induction modes;

[0010] The fruit sunburn induction system includes a light module, a heating module, a humidification module, and a heat dissipation module, which are used to provide an environment for fruit sunburn to occur. The light module is used to provide light and ultraviolet light to the fruit. The heating module is used to provide a heat source to the device to increase the temperature. The humidification module is used to change the ambient humidity. The heat dissipation module is used to distribute the heat generated by the heating module evenly during heating, improve heating efficiency or accelerate air convection, and reduce the ambient temperature inside the device during cooling.

[0011] The environmental monitoring system includes a light intensity measurement module, an ultraviolet (UV) intensity measurement module, and an ambient temperature and humidity measurement module, used to monitor the environmental information inside the mechanical enclosure in real time. The light intensity measurement module measures and calculates the light intensity received by the fruit and uploads the data to the main control system. The UV intensity measurement module measures and calculates the UV intensity received by the fruit and uploads the data to the main control system. The ambient temperature and humidity measurement modules include an ambient humidity measurement module and an ambient temperature measurement module. The ambient humidity measurement module measures the ambient humidity inside the device and uploads the data to the main control system. The ambient temperature measurement module measures the ambient temperature inside the device and uploads the data to the main control system.

[0012] The fruit condition detection system includes a fruit surface temperature measurement module, a fruit surface humidity measurement module, and a vision module. These modules are used to detect the real-time condition of the fruit and determine whether sunburn has occurred. The fruit surface temperature measurement module collects fruit surface temperature information and uploads the data to the main control system. The fruit surface humidity measurement module measures the fruit surface humidity and uploads the data to the main control system. The vision module detects the fruit surface condition, uses a special algorithm to determine whether sunburn has occurred, and uploads the data to the main control system.

[0013] The main control system receives environmental data and fruit status information, and controls the operation of related modules. It employs a microcomputer system for control. The main control system is electrically connected to the fruit sunburn induction system to adjust its output intensity and alter the environment within the device. It is also electrically connected to the environmental monitoring system to receive environmental information and adjust the sunburn induction system accordingly. Furthermore, it is electrically connected to the fruit status monitoring system to receive information on fruit status and whether sunburn has occurred, and provides feedback to the user. Finally, it is electrically connected to the data upload system to package and send the received data to the cloud for storage.

[0014] The data upload system is used to upload data detected by the device to the cloud for recording. It employs a module capable of uploading and storing data in the cloud. The data upload system is connected to the main control system and receives packaged data from the main control system, then uploads it to the cloud for storage.

[0015] Preferably, the mechanical housing includes:

[0016] The outer casing has a top opening and a side opening. A top cover is provided at the top opening, and a side cover is provided at the side opening. Different induction modes can be switched by controlling the openings.

[0017] The different induction modes include:

[0018] The fruit is in a controllable light-induction mode, with the top and side openings closed, and the built-in light source is used for induction.

[0019] The fruit is placed in a natural light-induced mode, with the top and side openings open, using natural light for induction.

[0020] The tree fruit has a controllable light-inducing mode, with the top opening closed and the side opening open to provide a channel for the fruit to enter, and the built-in light source is used for induction.

[0021] The tree fruit natural light induction mode has an opening at the top and side to use natural light to induce and provide a channel for the fruit to enter.

[0022] Preferably, a slide rail assembly is provided inside the outer casing, a slider is provided on the slide rail assembly, and a first telescopic rod is provided on the slider. The light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module are located at the output end of the first telescopic rod, and are used to change the positions of the light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module. A fruit limiter is provided inside the outer casing, and the fruit limiter is a bionic mechanical claw used to fix the fruit.

[0023] Preferably, a baffle plate is provided inside the outer casing. The baffle plate is mounted on the outer casing via a first servo motor and is used to limit the airflow direction of the heating module. The baffle plate is used to limit the airflow direction of the heating module. The baffle plate is used to prevent the hot air blown by the heating module from directly contacting the fruit surface when the internal environment of the device changes dynamically, so as to avoid the fruit surface becoming too dry due to the hot air. In direct heating mode, the baffle plate is not activated, and the heating module directly targets the fruit to change the ambient temperature; in indirect heating mode, the baffle plate is activated, and the hot air blown by the heating module blows along the edge of the baffle plate to heat the air around the fruit, thereby indirectly affecting the fruit.

[0024] Preferably, the bottom of the outer casing is provided with a sunlight-following platform that automatically follows the angle of sunlight. The sunlight-following platform includes a mounting plate, a hinge rod, and a stepper motor. The hinge rod is disposed between the mounting plate and the outer casing, and the stepper motor is connected to the hinge rod. The sunlight-following platform automatically activates under natural light induction mode for fruits off the tree and deactivates in other modes. This is because the sunlight-following function only needs to be used in natural light induction mode. In the natural light induction mode for fruits on the tree, activating the sunlight-following platform may cause the fruit to detach from the branch. Therefore, the sunlight-following platform is only activated in the natural light induction mode for fruits off the tree.

[0025] Preferably, the main control system controls the operation of the device in the following ways:

[0026] Receive environmental data from the environmental monitoring system and adjust the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system;

[0027] Receive fruit status information from the fruit status detection system to determine whether the fruit has been sunburned;

[0028] The environmental data and fruit status information are packaged and sent to the data upload system for recording in the cloud.

[0029] Based on the timing function within the main control system, the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system is adjusted at the corresponding time according to the environmental factor change curve set by the user, so that the environment inside the device changes dynamically.

[0030] Preferably, the fruit state detection system detects the fruit state in the following ways:

[0031] The fruit surface temperature measurement module collects fruit surface temperature information;

[0032] The fruit surface humidity measurement module measures the humidity of the fruit surface;

[0033] The vision module detects the surface condition of the fruit and uses an algorithm to determine whether it has been sunburned.

[0034] Preferably, the data upload system uploads data to the cloud via wireless communication, including text data and image data, allowing users to view environmental data and fruit status information within the device at any time.

[0035] This invention also discloses a method for using a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. Determine the fruit sunburn induction mode to be used, and the mechanical box will automatically adjust its structure according to the induction mode;

[0037] S2. Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit-inducing environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system begins to create the environment;

[0038] S3, calibrate the light intensity measurement module and ultraviolet intensity measurement module, the environmental monitoring system detects the environment inside the mechanical box, the main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information fed back by the environmental monitoring system, and sends the information to the data upload system;

[0039] S4. After the environment inside the mechanical box stabilizes under the preset conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message. Place the fruit into the mechanical box and fix it with the fruit limiter. Then start the sunburn induction, set the heating mode, and the main control system starts timing.

[0040] S5. The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system. The main control system then sends the data to the data upload system.

[0041] S6. The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals.

[0042] S7. The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the preset environmental change curve, simulates the dynamic changes in the natural environment, and repeats steps S5 to S7 until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] Multi-mode design: By changing the structure of the mechanical box, the device supports four modes: controlled light-induced mode for fruits off the tree, natural light-induced mode for fruits off the tree, controlled light-induced mode for fruits on the tree, and natural light-induced mode for fruits on the tree, to meet different experimental needs.

[0045] Heating method optimization: By setting an optional baffle, the device supports both direct heating and indirect heating modes. In indirect heating mode, hot air is prevented from directly contacting the fruit surface, thus avoiding excessive drying of the fruit.

[0046] Precise environmental control: By installing the modules in a variable mechanical enclosure, the device can reduce the impact of natural factors and precisely control variables such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, ambient temperature, and humidity.

[0047] Automatic calibration and data measurement: The light intensity measurement module and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module are installed on the telescopic pole. They are automatically calibrated before each induction to ensure the accuracy of data measurement and support flexible replacement of light source and ultraviolet source.

[0048] Real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment: The fruit sunburn induction system works in conjunction with the environmental monitoring system. The main control system monitors environmental data in real time and provides feedback to adjust the output intensity of the induction module, ensuring that the environment inside the device is accurately maintained under the conditions set by the user.

[0049] Dynamic environment simulation: The main control system simulates the dynamic changes in the natural environment based on the meteorological element change curves set by the user, meeting the user's needs for dynamic environment changes.

[0050] Data Upload and Remote Monitoring: The data upload system uploads environmental data and fruit status information from within the device to the cloud, allowing users to view data at any time and for any period of time. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system modules of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic calibration environmental monitoring system of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention (with openings on the top and sides).

[0055] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention (with openings on the top and sides).

[0056] Figure 6 This is a front view of the mechanical housing of the present invention with the opening on top closed;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a rear view of the mechanical housing of the present invention with the opening on top closed.

[0058] Figure 8 This is a top view of the mechanical housing of the present invention with the side opening closed.

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the PID control principle.

[0060] Figure label:

[0061] 1. Mechanical housing; 2. Side cover; 3. Top cover; 4. Illumination module; 51. First telescopic rod; 6. Support plate; 8. Gimbal; 9. Wind deflector; 10. Heat dissipation module; 11. Heating module; 12. Fruit surface temperature measurement module; 13. Vision module; 14. Fruit surface humidity measurement module; 15. Light intensity measurement module; 16. Ultraviolet intensity measurement module; 17. Ambient temperature and humidity measurement module; 18. Humidification module; 19. Support rod 1; 20. Bevel gear; 21. Slide rail assembly; 22. Bionic mechanical claw; 23. Hinge rod; 24. Stepper motor; 25. Humidification module water tank; 26. Humidification module water supply pipe; 27. Mounting plate; 28. Slider; 52. Second telescopic rod; 71. First servo motor; 72. Second servo motor; 73. Third servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the technical means, creative features, achieved objectives, and effects of this invention readily understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0063] Please see Figure 1 , 4 5, 6, 7, 8, The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, comprising the following modules:

[0064] Mechanical housing 1: Used to change the device structure, switch induction modes, and automatically calibrate the environmental detection system.

[0065] Fruit sunburn induction system: including light module 4, heating module 11, humidification module 18 and heat dissipation module 10, used to provide an environment for fruit sunburn to occur.

[0066] Environmental monitoring system: including light intensity measurement module 15, ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 and environmental temperature and humidity measurement module 17, used to monitor environmental information within the device in real time.

[0067] Fruit status detection system: including fruit surface temperature measurement module 12, fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 and vision module 13, used to detect the real-time status of the fruit and determine whether it has sunburn.

[0068] Main control system: Used to receive environmental data and fruit status information, and control the operation of related modules.

[0069] Data upload system: Used to upload the data detected by the device to the cloud for recording.

[0070] This invention achieves multi-mode fruit sunburn induction function through the following technical solution:

[0071] By changing the structure of the mechanical box 1, the device can induce fruit in four modes: controlled light-induced mode for fruit off the tree, natural light-induced mode for fruit off the tree, controlled light-induced mode for fruit on the tree, and natural light-induced mode for fruit on the tree.

[0072] By setting the selectable wind deflector 9, two different heating methods are realized. In the indirect heating mode, the hot air prevents the fruit surface from drying out excessively when heating under dynamic environmental changes.

[0073] By installing modules in variable devices to create microenvironments, the impact of natural factors can be reduced, making environmental variables precisely controllable.

[0074] By installing the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 on the telescopic pole, the two modules can be calibrated before each fruit sunburn induction, avoiding the situation where the data is different from the actual data due to the aging of the light source and ultraviolet source, and achieving the effect of accurate data measurement and flexible replacement of light source and ultraviolet source.

[0075] By using a fruit sunburn induction system in conjunction with an environmental monitoring system and managed by a main control system, the environmental conditions inside the device can be detected in real time and the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system can be adjusted through feedback. This allows the environment inside the device to be precisely maintained at the level set by the user, enabling precise control of the fruit's environment and making the study of environmental conditions for fruit sunburn more targeted.

[0076] The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and returns it to the main control system, enabling users to obtain information about sunburn on the fruit in a timely manner.

[0077] The main control system starts timing after the fruit is placed in the soil. Then, based on the meteorological element change curve set by the user, the main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system at a specified time. This achieves the simulation of dynamic changes in meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and ambient temperature over a period of time under natural conditions, meeting the user's needs for dynamic changing environments, such as simulating a single-peak curve where the light intensity is weakest at sunrise, reaches its strongest at noon, and then gradually decreases.

[0078] By uploading data of the microenvironment within the device and data on the sunburn status of the fruit to the cloud through the data upload system, users can read environmental and fruit status information at any time.

[0079] According to the above-mentioned multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, the mechanical housing 1 includes the following parts:

[0080] An openable outer shell: used to control the opening direction of the device or to close the device, allowing the device to switch between controlled light-induced mode for fruit on a tree, natural light-induced mode for fruit on a tree, natural light-induced mode for fruit off a tree, and controlled light-induced mode for fruit off a tree. In this embodiment, the mechanical housing 1 is a rectangular box with dimensions of 450mm*400mm*400mm (length, width, height) and a thickness of 10mm, 3D printed using PEEK filament. The top cover 3 and side cover 2 of the mechanical housing 1 are printed using the same filament. The opening and closing of the top cover 3 of the mechanical housing 1 is jointly controlled by two second telescopic rods 52 mounted on a support plate 6 3D printed using PEEK filament and a third servo motor 73 that controls the direction of the support plate 6. The second servo motor 72 drives the support rod 19, also printed using the same filament, via a bevel gear 20, which in turn drives the side cover 2 to control the opening and closing of the side opening.

[0081] Telescopic rod: Used to change the position of the light measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet measurement module 16 for automatic measurement calibration. In this embodiment, the automatically movable telescopic rod is configured as follows: the first telescopic push rod 51 of model IP60Y is installed on the slide rail assembly 21 of model QRXQ-RXP45 through the slider 18 to realize the movement calibration of the module. The first telescopic rod 51 can adjust the position of the light measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet measurement module 16 in the X direction, and the slide rail assembly 21 is used to adjust the position in the Y direction.

[0082] Fruit limiter: used to fix the fruit and keep it in a fixed position in the device. Preferably, in this embodiment, a flexible bionic mechanical claw is used.

[0083] Sunlight tracking platform: used to automatically follow the angle of sunlight in natural light induction mode. Preferably, in this embodiment, the sunlight tracking platform is configured as follows: an electric push rod 51 equipped with a light intensity measurement module 15 and an ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 and a fruit limiter 22 are installed on the same rectangular platform. Three stepper motors 24 are set at the four corners of the platform. The stepper motors 24 are mounted on the mounting plate 27. The stepper motors are equipped with hinge rods 23 to support the platform. Each hinge rod 23 can be raised or lowered by the stepper motors 24, thereby changing the platform angle to follow the sunlight.

[0084] Wind deflector 9: Used to limit the airflow direction of the heating module, so that the hot air blown out by the heating module may or may not come into contact with the fruit. In this embodiment, the opening and closing of the wind deflector is controlled by the rotation of the first servo motor 71.

[0085] Furthermore, for special operations in different modes:

[0086] Controllable light-induced mode for fruits off the tree: The openings on the top and sides of the mechanical housing 1 are closed, and the built-in light source is used for induction; the wind deflector 9 is turned on or off according to the heating mode.

[0087] Natural light induction mode for fruits off the tree: The top opening of the mechanical housing 1 is open, and the side opening is open, using natural light for induction; the sunlight tracking platform is automatically turned on, following the angle of the sunlight; the wind deflector 9 is turned on or off according to the heating mode.

[0088] Controllable light-induced mode for fruit on the tree: The top opening of the mechanical housing 1 is closed, and the built-in light source 4 is used for induction. The side opening is open to provide a channel for the fruit on the tree to enter the device. The fruit limiter 22 fixes the fruit on the tree to ensure that the fruit is in a fixed position in the device. The wind baffle 9 is turned on or off according to the heating mode.

[0089] Natural light induction mode for fruit on the tree: The openings on the top and sides of the mechanical housing 1 are open to induce natural light; the sunlight-following platform is closed to prevent the fruit from falling off the branches; the wind deflector 9 is turned on or off according to the heating mode.

[0090] Furthermore, the sunlight tracking platform of the mechanical housing 1 is automatically turned on under the natural light induction mode of the fruit off the tree, and turned off in other modes. The reason is that the sunlight tracking function only needs to be used in the natural light induction mode. In the natural light induction mode of the fruit on the tree, starting the sunlight tracking platform may cause the fruit to detach from the branch. Therefore, the sunlight tracking platform is only turned on in the natural light induction mode of the fruit off the tree.

[0091] Furthermore, the function of the baffle 9 in the mechanical housing 1 is as follows: the baffle 9 is used to prevent the hot air blown by the heating module 11 from directly contacting the fruit surface when the internal environment of the device changes dynamically, so as to avoid the fruit surface becoming too dry due to the hot air. In the direct heating mode, the baffle 9 is not activated, and the heating module directly targets the fruit to change the ambient temperature; in the indirect heating mode, the baffle 9 is activated, and the hot air blown by the heating module 11 blows along the edge of the baffle 9 to heat the air around the fruit, thereby indirectly affecting the fruit.

[0092] The fruit sunburn induction system includes a light module 4, a heating module 11, a humidification module 18, and a heat dissipation module 10. The light module 4 provides light and ultraviolet light to the fruit. The light source can be a fluorescent lamp, an ultraviolet lamp, a plant growth lamp, etc. Preferably, in this example, a full-spectrum solar lamp is used to simulate sunlight. In this embodiment, an ultraviolet lamp is used as the ultraviolet light source. The heating module 11 provides a heat source to increase the temperature of the device. The humidification module 18 changes the ambient humidity. The heat dissipation module 10 ensures that the heat generated by the heating module 11 is evenly distributed during heating, improving heating efficiency or accelerating air convection, and reduces the ambient temperature inside the device during cooling.

[0093] The environmental monitoring system includes a light intensity measurement module 15, an ultraviolet (UV) intensity measurement module 16, an ambient humidity measurement module 17, and an ambient temperature measurement module 17. The light intensity measurement module 15 measures and calculates the light intensity received by the fruit and uploads the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, a SONBEST-SM9565 light intensity sensor is used. The UV intensity measurement module 16 measures and calculates the UV intensity received by the fruit and uploads the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, a SONBEST-SM9567 UV intensity sensor is used. The ambient humidity measurement module 17 measures the ambient humidity within the device and uploads the data to the main control system. The ambient temperature measurement module 17 measures the ambient temperature within the device and uploads the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, a SONBEST-SM77820C temperature and humidity sensor is used.

[0094] The fruit condition detection system includes a fruit surface temperature measurement module 12, a fruit surface humidity measurement module 14, and a vision module 13. The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 collects fruit surface temperature information (i.e., fruit surface temperature) and uploads the data to the main control system. Preferably, in this embodiment, a thermal imaging module is used to achieve non-contact fruit measurement. The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 measures the fruit surface humidity and uploads the data to the main control system. Preferably, in this embodiment, a near-infrared spectral sensor is used to achieve non-contact fruit measurement. The vision module 13 detects the fruit surface condition, determines whether sunburn has occurred using a special algorithm, and uploads the data to the main control system. In this embodiment, the above three modules are mounted on an adjustable-angle gimbal 8 made of PEEK 3D-printed filament.

[0095] Furthermore, the vision module 13 employs a combination of visible light and near-infrared technology to achieve comprehensive monitoring and effective assessment of the degree of sunburn on the internal and external surfaces of citrus fruits. The visible light camera plays a crucial role in monitoring sunburn on the citrus surface. Detailed observation of the citrus surface allows for the acquisition of key information such as the size, color intensity, and degree of wrinkling of sunburn spots, providing important criteria for classifying the degree of sunburn. In the specific analysis process, on the one hand, in-depth analysis of the RGB channel data allows for the accurate identification of wrinkles on the citrus surface using edge detection algorithms, thereby classifying the degree of sunburn; on the other hand, manually labeled samples are used to construct a classification model using machine learning methods such as the YOLO network. This model can efficiently and accurately classify citrus fruits with different degrees of sunburn. The near-infrared camera, with its strong penetrating power and high sensitivity to moisture, demonstrates unique advantages in monitoring citrus sunburn. When citrus fruits suffer from sunburn, the tissue cells in the sunburned areas are damaged, leading to a decrease in water content. Differences in moisture content significantly affect near-infrared reflectance. Sunburned areas with low moisture content exhibit increased reflectance in the near-infrared band, appearing as brighter areas in near-infrared images, creating a sharp contrast with the dark areas of normal areas. By analyzing near-infrared images, sunburned areas can be clearly identified, and the degree of sunburn on citrus fruits can be effectively classified based on image characteristics.

[0096] The combined use of visible light and near-infrared technologies offers significant advantages. Visible light images focus on the presentation of intuitive features such as surface texture and color, while near-infrared images focus on internal moisture content and structural changes; the two technologies are highly complementary. Furthermore, the combined use of these two technologies can greatly improve the accuracy of sunburn identification and grading. When building classification models, integrating features from both visible light and near-infrared images provides the model with richer data dimensions, enabling the model to more accurately distinguish citrus fruits with different degrees of sunburn.

[0097] The main control system is controlled by a microcomputer system; preferably, in this example, a Raspberry Pi 4B is used as the main control system. The main control system is electrically connected to the fruit sunburn induction system to adjust the output intensity of the system to change the environment within the device. It is also electrically connected to the environmental monitoring system to receive environmental information and adjust the sunburn induction system accordingly. Furthermore, the main control system is electrically connected to the fruit status monitoring system to receive information about the fruit's status and whether sunburn has occurred, and provides this information back to the user. In this embodiment, a light alarm function is added; when the fruit status monitoring system detects sunburn, the main control system takes corresponding action to trigger a light alarm. Finally, the main control system is electrically connected to the data upload system to package and send the data received by the main control system to the cloud for storage.

[0098] Further, please refer to Figure 9The main control module regulates the fruit sunburn induction system using a PID algorithm. PID control generates the control quantity by linearly combining the proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) components of the system deviation, thereby adjusting the controlled object. Here, Tar(t) represents the target value set by the system, Act(t) represents the actual value of the system, and the difference between the two yields the deviation e(t), i.e.

[0099] e(t) = Tar(t) - Act(t);

[0100] The proportional term (P) adjusts based on the current deviation (the difference between the target value and the actual output). The strength of the proportional adjustment is determined by the proportional coefficient, which affects the system's sensitivity to deviations. This term directly reflects the magnitude of the current error, providing rapid response capability. Its proportional coefficient (K) p Directly affects the dynamic performance of the system: Increasing K p It can speed up the response and reduce steady-state error, but may cause overshoot or oscillation.

[0101] I. Integral Term: Eliminates steady-state error by accumulating the integral of the deviation over time, thus ensuring that the output value matches the target value during long-term operation. The strength of the integral effect is determined by the integral coefficient K. i Adjustment. However, this term is prone to integral saturation and overshoot problems. Generally speaking, K i The larger the value, the faster the steady-state error is eliminated, but the more obvious the system hysteresis becomes.

[0102] The differential term D is adjusted based on the rate of change of the deviation (the slope of e(t)). Its purpose is to reduce overshoot and enhance system stability. Its effect is determined by the differential coefficient K. d Control. Since the slope can reflect the future changes of e(t), the derivative term has the characteristic of "predictive control". The derivative term provides damping for the system, which can solve the problems of system overshoot and oscillation, but it will cause control jitter.

[0103] The deviation e(t) is passed through the PID controller to obtain the output u(t), and its mathematical expression is:

[0104]

[0105] Proportional control: After the system starts running, the main control module obtains environmental data from the environmental monitoring module at regular intervals, and the resulting samples are as follows:

[0106] X1, X2, X3......X k ;

[0107] Let S be the environmental element set by the corresponding user. k The difference E between the environmental data measured by the system and the user-set value is then calculated. k for:

[0108] E k =S k -X k ;

[0109] Let the module output power be P. out , when E k When the value is greater than 0, the main control module increases the module output power P. out ; when E k When <0, the main control module reduces the module output power P. out The expression for the module's output power is derived as follows:

[0110] P out =K p ·E k ;

[0111] Where P out K is used to proportionally control the output power of the module. p E is the proportional control coefficient. k This is the difference between the current system environment data and the user-defined environment value. The specific value mentioned above depends on the actual situation.

[0112] Integral control: The environmental factor differences obtained above are summed to obtain:

[0113] S E =E1+E2+......+E k ;

[0114] When the system is in steady state, the integral control output I is... out To maintain system stability, I out The formula is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Where I out K is used for module integral control of output power. i T is the proportional coefficient for integral control, and T is the sampling time. i E represents the integration time. k S is the difference between the current system environment data and the user-defined environment value. E Environmental factor difference E k The cumulative value is as described above, and the specific value depends on the actual situation.

[0117] Differential control: The difference between two consecutive environmental factor values ​​is calculated as follows:

[0118] D k =E k -E k-1 ;

[0119] Dk It can reflect the changing trend of environmental elements in the two samplings, when D k When D > 0, environmental factors tend to increase; when D k When D = 0, environmental factors tend to stabilize. k When <0, environmental factors tend to decrease, according to D k The value can be used to derive the differential control output D. out The expression is:

[0120]

[0121] Where K d T represents the differential control proportional coefficient. d E represents the derivative time, T represents the sampling time, and E represents the derivative time. k D is the difference between the current system environment data and the user-defined environment value. k For two adjacent E k The difference.

[0122] Combining the above formulas, the final module output power P is obtained as follows:

[0123]

[0124] To ensure the system stabilizes quickly, a constant u can be added to the end of the above formula. o The specific value depends on the actual situation.

[0125] The data upload system uses a module that can upload data to the cloud for storage. Preferably, in this embodiment, an ESP32 module is used as the data upload system. The data upload system is connected to the main control system and is used to receive the packaged data from the main control system and upload it to the cloud for storage.

[0126] Please see Figure 2 The method of using the multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device includes the following steps:

[0127] Example 1

[0128] For controllable light-induced mode of fruit off the tree:

[0129] Step S11: Determine to use the controllable light-induced mode for fruits separated from the tree, and the structure of the mechanical box 1 will be automatically adjusted.

[0130] Step S12: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system begins to create the environment.

[0131] Step S13: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental monitoring system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental monitoring system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0132] Step S14: After the environment inside the device stabilizes under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then begins to induce sunburn, sets the heating mode, and the main control system starts timing.

[0133] Step S15: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system, which then sends the data to the data upload system.

[0134] Step S16: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of once every 5 seconds.

[0135] Step S17: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system at a specified time according to the set environmental change curve to realize dynamic environmental changes and simulate the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and temperature in the natural environment over a period of time. Steps S15 to S17 are repeated until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0136] Step S11 further includes the following steps:

[0137] Step S111: Determine the use of the controlled light-induced working mode for fruits removed from the tree.

[0138] Step S112: According to the controllable light-induced mode of the fruit off the tree, the openings on the top and sides of the mechanical box 1 are closed.

[0139] Step S12 further includes the following steps:

[0140] Step S121: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including light intensity E i UV intensity i Ambient humidity (RH) i and ambient temperature T i .

[0141] Step S122: The full-spectrum solar lamp, the light source, operates according to the set light intensity E. i The output power P of the lighting lamp is calculated according to the formula. oL Work to provide sunlight for the fruit.

[0142] Step S123: The ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet lamp, operates according to the set ultraviolet intensity (UV). iThe output power P of the ultraviolet lamp is calculated according to the formula. ou The work provides ultraviolet light to the fruit.

[0143] Step S124: The heating module 11 heats the internal environment of the device with maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module 10 blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0144] Step S125: The humidification module 18 starts working and humidifies the environment using a PID algorithm.

[0145] In step S122, the formula for calculating the output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp is:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, P oL E represents the output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp calculated using the formula. i The light intensity value set by the user, E M P represents the maximum output light intensity of the full-spectrum solar lamp measured by the light intensity measurement module at the fruit surface. ML This represents the maximum output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp.

[0148] In step S123, the formula for calculating the output power of the ultraviolet lamp is:

[0149]

[0150] Among them, P ou The output power of the ultraviolet lamp, calculated using the formula, is the UV power. i The ultraviolet intensity value set by the user, UV L The intensity of ultraviolet radiation produced by the light source, UV Mu P represents the maximum output ultraviolet intensity of the ultraviolet lamp measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module at the fruit surface. Mu This represents the maximum output power of the ultraviolet lamp.

[0151] UV L The calculation formula is:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, P oL P is the output power of the lighting lamp. ML This is the maximum output power of the lamp, UV ML This represents the maximum ultraviolet radiation intensity that the lamp can output on the surface of the fruit.

[0154] Please see Figure 3 Step S13 further includes the following steps:

[0155] Step S131: The first telescopic rod 51 extends, causing the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to move to the fruit position, where the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity are measured. After the measurement is completed, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, which is the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction. The light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at that location are measured, and the data measurement formula of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is calibrated by the pre-written program algorithm.

[0156] Step S132: Temperature measurement module 17 acquires the ambient temperature value T. e It returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0157] Step S133: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at its location and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface using a formula. e The system returns the information on the light intensity on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0158] Step S134: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at its location and obtains the UV intensity value of the fruit surface using a formula. e The information on the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface is returned to the main control system.

[0159] Step S135: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 acquires the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0160] Step S136: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system based on the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the heat dissipation module 10 stops blowing air, and the heating module 11 converts the heating power into the heating power P calculated by the formula. o Heating is performed, and after a period of time, the ambient temperature is detected again, and PID control is used to stabilize the temperature at the preset temperature T. i .

[0161] In step S133, the light intensity measurement module 15 acquires the light intensity E on the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0162] E e =E m ·η e ;

[0163] Among them, E e E represents the light intensity on the fruit surface. m η is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module 15. e The ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the location of the fruit surface.

[0164] η e The calculation formula is:

[0165]

[0166] Among them, E et E represents the light intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt After the light intensity measurement module 15 is returned to its original position during device calibration, the light intensity measured at the measurement location is determined.

[0167] In step S134, the ultraviolet measurement module 16 obtains the calculation formula for the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface as follows:

[0168] UV e =UV m ·η u ;

[0169] Among them, UV e UV intensity on fruit surface m η represents the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. u The ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the location on the fruit surface.

[0170] η u The calculation formula is:

[0171]

[0172] Among them, UV et The UV intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt The ultraviolet intensity measured at the measurement point after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is returned to its original position during device calibration.

[0173] In step S136, the formula for calculating the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0174]

[0175] Among them, P o The heating power of heating module 11 is calculated using the formula, where Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, and t is the heating time. loss This is due to heat loss.

[0176] The formula for calculating the heat Q required for heating is:

[0177] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0178] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

[0179] The formula for calculating air quality is:

[0180] m = ρ·V;

[0181] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0182] Heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0183]

[0184] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of ​​the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the two sides of the wall.

[0185] Step S14 further includes the following steps:

[0186] Step S141: After step S13 completes the environment creation, the main control system issues a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is complete.

[0187] Step S142: Click the open button of mechanical box 1. The opening on the top of mechanical box 1 will open automatically to facilitate the placement of fruit.

[0188] Step S143: Place the test fruit into the mechanical housing 1 and fix the fruit in place with the limiter 22.

[0189] Step S144: Click the close button of mechanical box 1. According to the controllable light-induced mode of the fruit separated from the tree, the openings on the top and sides of mechanical box 1 will automatically close.

[0190] Step S145: Based on the controllable light-induction mode of the fruit off the tree, the sunlight-following platform is shut down.

[0191] Step S146: Set the heating mode for subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is a direct heating mode, the wind deflector will not be activated. If it is an indirect heating mode, the wind deflector 9 will be activated.

[0192] Step S147: The main control system starts timing to prepare for dynamic changes in the environment.

[0193] Step S15 further includes the following steps:

[0194] Step S151: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0195] Step S152: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 acquires the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0196] Step S153: The vision module 13 observes the condition of the fruit on the sun-exposed side. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn, it sends a status signal to the main control system and saves the image information to the data upload system.

[0197] Step S154: The main control system organizes the data of ambient temperature, light intensity on fruit surface, ultraviolet intensity on fruit surface, humidity on fruit surface, temperature on fruit surface, and sunburn status into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0198] Example 2

[0199] For controllable light-induced modes of fruit on trees:

[0200] Step S21: Determine to use the controllable light-induced mode of fruit on the tree, and the structure of the mechanical box 1 will be automatically adjusted.

[0201] Step S22: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system begins to create the environment.

[0202] Step S23: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental monitoring system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental monitoring system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0203] Step S24: After the environment inside the device stabilizes under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then begins to induce sunburn, sets the heating mode, and the main control system starts timing.

[0204] Step S25: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system, which then sends the data to the data upload system.

[0205] Step S26: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of once every 5 seconds.

[0206] Step S27: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system at a specified time according to the set environmental change curve to realize dynamic environmental changes and simulate the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and temperature in the natural environment over a period of time. Steps S25 to S27 are repeated until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0207] Step S21 further includes the following steps:

[0208] Step S211: Determine the use of the tree fruit controlled light induction working mode.

[0209] Step S212: According to the controllable light-induced mode of the fruit on the tree, the opening on the top of the mechanical box 1 is closed, and the opening on the side is opened.

[0210] Step S22 further includes the following steps:

[0211] Step S221: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including light intensity E i UV intensity i Ambient humidity (RH) i and ambient temperature T i .

[0212] Step S222: The full-spectrum solar lamp, the light source, operates according to the set light intensity E. i The output power P of the lighting lamp is calculated according to the formula. oL Work to provide sunlight for the fruit.

[0213] Step S223: The ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet lamp, operates according to the set ultraviolet intensity (UV). i The output power P of the ultraviolet lamp is calculated according to the formula. ou The work provides ultraviolet light to the fruit.

[0214] Step S224: The heating module heats the environment inside the device with maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0215] Step S225: The humidification module starts working and humidifies the environment using a PID algorithm.

[0216] In step S222, the formula for calculating the output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp is:

[0217]

[0218] Among them, P oL E represents the output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp calculated using the formula. i The light intensity value set by the user, E M P represents the maximum output light intensity of the full-spectrum solar lamp measured by the light intensity measurement module at the fruit surface. ML This represents the maximum output power of the full-spectrum solar lamp.

[0219] In step S223, the formula for calculating the output power of the ultraviolet lamp is:

[0220]

[0221] Among them, P ou The output power of the ultraviolet lamp, calculated using the formula, is the UV power. iThe ultraviolet intensity value set by the user, UV L The intensity of ultraviolet radiation produced by the light source, UV Mu P represents the maximum output ultraviolet intensity of the ultraviolet lamp measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module at the fruit surface. Mu This represents the maximum output power of the ultraviolet lamp.

[0222] UV L The calculation formula is:

[0223]

[0224] Among them, P oL P is the output power of the lighting lamp. ML This is the maximum output power of the lamp, UV ML This represents the maximum ultraviolet radiation intensity that the lamp can output on the surface of the fruit.

[0225] Please see Figure 3 , 4 Step S23 further includes the following steps:

[0226] Step S231: The first telescopic rod 51 extends, causing the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to move to the fruit position, where the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity are measured. After the measurement is completed, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, which is the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction. The light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at that location are measured, and the data measurement formula of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is calibrated by the pre-written program algorithm.

[0227] Step S232: Temperature measurement module 17 acquires the ambient temperature value T. e It returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0228] Step S233: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at its location and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface using a formula. e The system returns the information on the light intensity on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0229] Step S234: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at its location and obtains the UV intensity value of the fruit surface using a formula. e The information on the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface is returned to the main control system.

[0230] Step S235: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 acquires the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0231] Step S236: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system based on the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the heat dissipation module 10 stops blowing air, and the heating module 11 converts the heating power into the heating power P calculated by the formula. o Heating is performed, and after a period of time, the ambient temperature is detected again, and PID control is used to stabilize the temperature at the preset temperature T. i .

[0232] In step S233, the light intensity measurement module 15 acquires the light intensity E on the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0233] E e =E m ·η e ;

[0234] Among them, E e E represents the light intensity on the fruit surface. m η is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module. e The ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the location of the fruit surface.

[0235] η e The calculation formula is:

[0236]

[0237] Among them, E et E represents the light intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt After the light intensity measurement module 15 is returned to its original position during device calibration, the light intensity measured at the measurement location is determined.

[0238] In step S234, the ultraviolet measurement module 16 acquires the UV intensity of the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0239] UV e =UV m ·η u ;

[0240] Among them, UV e UV intensity on fruit surface m η represents the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module. u The ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the location on the fruit surface.

[0241] η u The calculation formula is:

[0242]

[0243] Among them, UV et The UV intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt The ultraviolet intensity measured at the measurement point after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is returned to its original position during device calibration.

[0244] In step S236, the formula for calculating the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0245]

[0246] Among them, P o The heating power of heating module 11 is calculated using the formula, where Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, and t is the heating time. loss This is due to heat loss.

[0247] The formula for calculating the heat Q required for heating is:

[0248] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0249] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

[0250] The formula for calculating air quality is:

[0251] m = ρ·V;

[0252] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0253] Heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0254]

[0255] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of ​​the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the two sides of the wall.

[0256] Step S24 further includes the following steps:

[0257] Step S241: After step S23 completes the environment creation, the main control system issues a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is complete.

[0258] Step S242: Click the open button of mechanical box 1. The opening on the top of mechanical box 1 will open automatically to facilitate the placement of fruit.

[0259] Step S243: Move the device so that the fruit on the tree is near the fruit limiter 22, fix the fruit at a suitable angle with the limiter 22, and remove branches and leaves that affect the device's ability to induce sunburn and measure data.

[0260] Step S244: Click the close button of mechanical box 1. According to the controllable light-inducing mode of the fruit on the tree, the opening on the top of the mechanical box will automatically close, while the opening on the side will remain open.

[0261] Step S245: Based on the controllable light-inducing mode of the fruit on the tree, the sunlight-following platform is turned off.

[0262] Step S246: Set the heating mode for subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is a direct heating mode, the wind deflector is not activated. If it is an indirect heating mode, the wind deflector 9 is activated.

[0263] Step S247: The main control system starts timing to prepare for dynamic changes in the environment.

[0264] Step S25 further includes the following steps:

[0265] Step S251: The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0266] Step S252: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 acquires the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0267] Step S253: The vision module 13 observes the condition of the fruit on the sun-exposed side. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn, it sends a status signal to the main control system and saves the image information to the data upload system.

[0268] Step S254: The main control system organizes the data of ambient temperature, light intensity on fruit surface, ultraviolet intensity on fruit surface, humidity on fruit surface, temperature on fruit surface, and sunburn status into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0269] Example 3

[0270] For natural light-induced patterns of fruit off the tree:

[0271] Step S31: Determine to use the natural light induction mode for fruits off the tree, and the structure of mechanical box 1 will be automatically adjusted.

[0272] Step S32: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system begins to create the environment.

[0273] Step S33: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental monitoring system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental monitoring system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0274] Step S34: After the environment inside the device stabilizes under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then begins to induce sunburn, sets the heating mode, and the main control system starts timing.

[0275] Step S35: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system, which then sends the data to the data upload system.

[0276] Step S36: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of once every 5 seconds.

[0277] Step S37: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system at a specified time according to the set environmental change curve to realize dynamic environmental changes and simulate the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and temperature in the natural environment over a period of time. Steps S35 to S37 are repeated until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0278] Step S31 further includes the following steps:

[0279] Step S311: Determine the working mode for using natural light induction from off-tree fruits.

[0280] Step S312: According to the natural light induction mode of the fruit off the tree, the opening on the top of the mechanical box 1 and the opening on the side are opened.

[0281] Step S32 further includes the following steps:

[0282] Step S321: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including ambient humidity (RH). i and ambient temperature T i .

[0283] Step S322: The heating module 11 heats the internal environment of the device with maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module 10 blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0284] Step S323: The humidification module 18 starts working and humidifies the environment using a PID algorithm.

[0285] Please see Figure 3 , 4 Step S33 further includes the following steps:

[0286] Step S331: The first telescopic rod 51 extends, causing the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to move to the fruit position, where the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity are measured. After the measurement is completed, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, which is the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction. The light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at that location are measured, and the data measurement formula of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is calibrated by the pre-written program algorithm.

[0287] Step S332: Temperature measurement module 17 acquires the ambient temperature value T. e It returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0288] Step S333: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at its location and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface using a formula. e The system returns the information on the light intensity on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0289] Step S334: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at its location and obtains the UV intensity value of the fruit surface using a formula. e The information on the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface is returned to the main control system.

[0290] Step S335: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 acquires the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0291] Step S336: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system based on the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the heat dissipation module 10 stops blowing air, and the heating module 11 converts the heating power into the heating power P calculated by the formula. o Heating is performed, and after a period of time, the ambient temperature is detected again, and PID control is used to stabilize the temperature at the preset temperature T. i .

[0292] In step S333, the light intensity measurement module 15 acquires the light intensity E on the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0293] E e =E m ·η e ;

[0294] Among them, E e E represents the light intensity on the fruit surface. m η is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module 15. e The ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the location of the fruit surface.

[0295] η e The calculation formula is:

[0296]

[0297] Among them, E et E represents the light intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt After the light intensity measurement module 15 is returned to its original position during device calibration, the light intensity measured at the measurement location is determined.

[0298] In step S334, the ultraviolet measurement module 16 acquires the UV intensity of the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0299] UV e =UV m ·η u ;

[0300] Among them, UV e UV intensity on fruit surface m η represents the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. u The ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the location on the fruit surface.

[0301] η u The calculation formula is:

[0302]

[0303] Among them, UV et The UV intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt The ultraviolet intensity measured at the measurement point after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is returned to its original position during device calibration.

[0304] In step S336, the formula for calculating the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0305]

[0306] Among them, P o The heating power of the heating module is calculated using the formula, where Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, and t is the heating time. loss This is due to heat loss.

[0307] The formula for calculating the heat Q required for heating is:

[0308] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0309] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

[0310] The formula for calculating air quality is:

[0311] m = ρ·V;

[0312] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0313] Heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0314]

[0315] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of ​​the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the two sides of the wall.

[0316] Step S34 further includes the following steps:

[0317] Step S341: After step S33 completes the environment creation, the main control system issues a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is complete.

[0318] Step S342: Click the open button of mechanical box 1. The opening on the top of mechanical box 1 will open automatically to facilitate the placement of fruit.

[0319] Step S343: Place the test fruit into the mechanical housing 1, select a suitable face to align with the illumination direction of the light module 4, and fix the fruit with the limiter 22.

[0320] Step S344: Click the close button of mechanical box 1. According to the natural light induction mode of the fruit off the tree, the opening on the top of mechanical box 1 and the opening on the side remain open.

[0321] Step S345: Based on the natural light induction mode of the fruit off the tree, the sunlight tracking platform is turned on.

[0322] Step S346: Set the heating mode for subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is a direct heating mode, the baffle 9 will not be activated. If it is an indirect heating mode, the baffle 9 will be activated.

[0323] Step S347: The main control system starts timing to prepare for dynamic changes in the environment.

[0324] Step S35 further includes the following steps:

[0325] Step S351: The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0326] Step S352: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 acquires the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0327] Step S353: The vision module 13 observes the sun-exposed surface of the fruit and detects whether the sunburn is mild, moderate, or severe. It then sends a status signal to the main control system and saves the image information to the data upload system.

[0328] Step S354: The main control system organizes the data of ambient temperature, light intensity on fruit surface, ultraviolet intensity on fruit surface, humidity on fruit surface, temperature on fruit surface, and sunburn status into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0329] Example 4

[0330] For the natural light-induced mode of fruit on the tree:

[0331] Step S41: Determine to use the natural light induction mode of fruit on the tree, and the structure of mechanical box 1 will be automatically adjusted.

[0332] Step S42: Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit induction environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system begins to create the environment.

[0333] Step S43: The device automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16. The environmental monitoring system detects the environment inside the device. The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information returned by the environmental monitoring system and sends the information to the data upload system.

[0334] Step S44: After the environment inside the device stabilizes under the preset environmental conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message, puts the fruit into the device, fixes the fruit with the limiter 22, and then begins to induce sunburn, sets the heating mode, and the main control system starts timing.

[0335] Step S45: The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system, which then sends the data to the data upload system.

[0336] Step S46: The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. Preferably, in this example, the data is sent at an interval of once every 5 seconds.

[0337] Step S47: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system at a specified time according to the set environmental change curve to realize dynamic environmental changes and simulate the dynamic changes of meteorological elements such as light intensity, ultraviolet intensity, and temperature in the natural environment over a period of time. Steps S45 to S47 are repeated until all sunburn induction work is completed.

[0338] Step S41 further includes the following steps:

[0339] Step S411: Determine the working mode for using natural light induction from fruit on the tree.

[0340] Step S412: Based on the natural light-induced pattern of the fruit on the tree, the opening on the top of the mechanical box 1 and the opening on the side are opened.

[0341] Step S42 further includes the following steps:

[0342] Step S421: Set the induced environmental meteorological elements, including ambient humidity (RH). i and ambient temperature T i .

[0343] Step S422: The heating module 11 heats the internal environment of the device with maximum heating power, and the heat dissipation module 10 blows air into the device to accelerate the heating efficiency.

[0344] Step S423: The humidification module 18 starts working and humidifies the environment using a PID algorithm.

[0345] Please see Figure 3 , 4 Step S43 further includes the following steps:

[0346] Step S431: The first telescopic rod 51 extends, causing the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to move to the fruit position, where the light intensity and ultraviolet intensity are measured. After the measurement is completed, the first telescopic rod 51 moves back to its original position, which is the position where the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 measure data during fruit induction. The light intensity and ultraviolet intensity at that location are measured, and the data measurement formula of the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is calibrated by the pre-written program algorithm.

[0347] Step S432: Temperature measurement module 17 acquires the ambient temperature value T e It returns the ambient temperature information to the main control system.

[0348] Step S433: The light intensity measurement module 15 measures the light intensity at its location and obtains the light intensity value E on the fruit surface using a formula. e The system returns the information on the light intensity on the fruit surface to the main control system.

[0349] Step S434: The ultraviolet measurement module 16 measures the ultraviolet intensity at its location and obtains the UV intensity value of the fruit surface using a formula. e The information on the ultraviolet intensity on the fruit surface is returned to the main control system.

[0350] Step S435: The ambient humidity measurement module 17 acquires the ambient humidity and returns the ambient humidity information to the main control system.

[0351] Step S436: The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system based on the returned environmental data. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature, the heat dissipation module 10 stops blowing air, and the heating module 11 converts the heating power into the heating power P calculated by the formula. o Heating is performed, and after a period of time, the ambient temperature is detected again, and PID control is used to stabilize the temperature at the preset temperature T. i .

[0352] In step S433, the light intensity measurement module 15 acquires the light intensity E on the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0353] E e =E m ·η e ;

[0354] Among them, E e E represents the light intensity on the fruit surface. m η is the light intensity measured by the light intensity detection module. e The ratio of the light intensity measured by the light intensity measurement module 15 to the light intensity at the location of the fruit surface.

[0355] η e The calculation formula is:

[0356]

[0357] Among them, E et E represents the light intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt After the light intensity measurement module 15 is returned to its original position during device calibration, the light intensity measured at the measurement location is determined.

[0358] In step S434, the ultraviolet measurement module acquires the UV intensity of the fruit surface. e The calculation formula is:

[0359] UV e =UV m ·η u ;

[0360] Among them, UV e UV intensity on fruit surface m η represents the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module. u The ratio of the ultraviolet intensity measured by the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 to the ultraviolet intensity at the location on the fruit surface.

[0361] η u The calculation formula is:

[0362]

[0363] Among them, UV et The UV intensity at the fruit surface location during device calibration. mt The ultraviolet intensity measured at the measurement point after the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 is returned to its original position during device calibration.

[0364] In step S436, the formula for calculating the output power of the heating module 11 is:

[0365]

[0366] Among them, P o The heating power of heating module 11 is calculated using the formula, where Q is the heat required for heating, η is the heating efficiency, and t is the heating time. loss This is due to heat loss.

[0367] The formula for calculating the heat Q required for heating is:

[0368] Q = m·C·ΔT;

[0369] In the formula, m is the mass of air, C is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

[0370] The formula for calculating air quality is:

[0371] m = ρ·V;

[0372] In the formula, ρ is the air density and V is the volume of the space.

[0373] Heat loss Q loss The calculation formula is:

[0374]

[0375] In the formula, k is the thermal conductivity of the device wall material, A is the surface area of ​​the device wall, d is the wall thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the two sides of the wall.

[0376] Step S44 further includes the following steps:

[0377] Step S441: After step S43 completes the environment creation, the main control system issues a prompt message indicating that the environment construction is complete.

[0378] Step S442: Click the open button of mechanical box 1. The opening on the top of mechanical box 1 will open automatically to facilitate the placement of fruit.

[0379] Step S443: Move the device so that the fruit on the tree is near the fruit limiter 22, fix the fruit at a suitable angle with the limiter 22, and remove branches and leaves that affect the device's ability to induce sunburn and measure data.

[0380] Step S444: Click the close button of mechanical box 1. According to the natural light induction mode of the fruit on the tree, the opening on the top of the mechanical box and the opening on the side remain open.

[0381] Step S445: Based on the natural light-inducing pattern of the fruit on the tree, the sunlight-following platform is turned off.

[0382] Step S446: Set the heating mode for subsequent environmental changes of the device. If it is a direct heating mode, the baffle 9 will not be activated. If it is an indirect heating mode, the baffle will be activated.

[0383] Step S447: The main control system starts timing to prepare for dynamic changes in the environment.

[0384] Step S45 further includes the following steps:

[0385] Step S451: The fruit surface temperature measurement module 12 reads the fruit surface temperature and returns the fruit surface temperature data to the main control system.

[0386] Step S452: The fruit surface humidity measurement module 14 acquires the fruit surface humidity and returns the fruit surface humidity information to the main control system.

[0387] Step S453: The vision module 13 observes the condition of the fruit on the sun-exposed side. After detecting mild, moderate, and severe sunburn, it sends a status signal to the main control system and saves the image information to the data upload system.

[0388] Step S454: The main control system organizes the data of ambient temperature, light intensity on fruit surface, ultraviolet intensity on fruit surface, humidity on fruit surface, temperature on fruit surface, and sunburn status into a data packet and sends it to the data upload system.

[0389] Finally, compared with the prior art, the multi-mode fruit induction device of the present invention has the following advantages: The light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 are automatically calibrated before each induction, ensuring the accuracy of data measurement. All data measurements are performed without contact with the fruit, reducing the impact on the fruit. It can simulate dynamic changes in the natural environment, meeting the user's needs for dynamically changing environments.

[0390] This invention, through the design of a specially shaped mechanical box 1 with a variable form and a fruit limiter 22, enables the device to support four different fruit sunburn induction modes, making it suitable for various experimental scenarios and allowing for fruit induction indoors. The opening design of the mechanical box 1 allows for sunburn induction without detaching the fruit from the tree, reducing fruit loss and damage, minimizing impact on fruit development, and making the induction experiment more realistic.

[0391] This invention creates a microenvironment in a relatively enclosed space, enabling precise control of light intensity, ultraviolet radiation, ambient temperature, and humidity, thus meeting the needs of targeted research.

[0392] This invention automatically calibrates the light intensity measurement module 15 and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module 16 before each induction, ensuring the accuracy of data measurement. This allows for flexible replacement of the light and ultraviolet sources, reducing the impact of light and ultraviolet source aging on data measurement.

[0393] This invention allows the fruit to automatically follow sunlight in a natural light-induced mode away from the tree. The size of the fruit limiter is adjustable and it is suitable for a variety of fruits.

[0394] This invention can monitor and upload data on the sunburn induction environment and fruit condition in real time. It can automatically detect whether sunburn has occurred on the fruit and upload image information, making the sunburn process transparent and allowing users to view fruit condition data at any time.

[0395] All data measurements in this invention are performed without contact with the fruit, thus reducing the impact on the fruit.

[0396] This invention achieves two different heating methods by incorporating a selectively usable baffle 9. In indirect heating mode, the baffle 9 blocks the hot air blown out by the heating module, preventing the hot air from directly contacting the fruit surface and causing it to dry out abnormally.

[0397] This invention can simulate dynamic changes in the natural environment and meet users' needs for dynamically changing environments.

[0398] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and the specific structures and characteristics disclosed in the solutions are not described in detail here. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device, comprising: Mechanical housing (1), used to switch induction modes; The fruit sunburn induction system includes a light module (4), a heating module (11), a humidification module (18) and a heat dissipation module (10) to provide an environment for fruit sunburn to occur; The environmental monitoring system includes a light intensity measurement module (15), an ultraviolet intensity measurement module (16), and an environmental temperature and humidity measurement module (17), which are used to monitor the environmental information inside the mechanical enclosure (1) in real time; The fruit status detection system includes a fruit surface temperature measurement module (12), a fruit surface humidity measurement module (14), and a vision module (13), which are used to detect the real-time status of the fruit and determine whether it has sunburn. The main control system is used to receive environmental data and fruit status information, and to control the operation of related modules; A data upload system is used to upload data detected by the device to the cloud for recording; its characteristic is that... The mechanical housing (1) includes: The outer shell has a top opening and a side opening. A top cover (3) is provided at the top opening, and a side cover (2) is provided at the side opening. The openings are controlled to switch between different induction modes. The different induction modes include: The fruit is in a controllable light-induction mode, with the top and side openings closed, and the built-in light source is used for induction. The fruit is placed in a natural light-induced mode, with the top and side openings open, using natural light for induction. The tree fruit has a controllable light-inducing mode, with the top opening closed and the side opening open to provide a channel for the fruit to enter, and the built-in light source is used for induction. The tree fruit natural light induction mode has an opening at the top and side to use natural light to induce and provide a channel for the fruit to enter; The outer shell is provided with a slide rail assembly (21), the slide rail assembly (21) is provided with a slider (28), the slider (28) is provided with a first telescopic rod (51), the light intensity measurement module (15) and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module (16) are provided at the output end of the first telescopic rod (51) for changing the position of the light intensity measurement module (15) and the ultraviolet intensity measurement module (16), and the outer shell is provided with a fruit limiter (22), the fruit limiter (22) is a bionic mechanical claw for fixing the fruit; The main control system controls the operation of the device in the following ways: Receive environmental data from the environmental monitoring system and adjust the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system; Receive fruit status information from the fruit status detection system to determine whether the fruit has been sunburned; The environmental data and fruit status information are packaged and sent to the data upload system for recording in the cloud. Based on the timing function in the main control system, the output intensity of the fruit sunburn induction system is adjusted at the corresponding time according to the environmental factor change curve set by the user, so that the environment inside the device changes dynamically. The fruit condition detection system detects the fruit condition in the following ways: The fruit surface temperature measurement module collects fruit surface temperature information; The fruit surface humidity measurement module measures the humidity of the fruit surface; The vision module detects the surface condition of the fruit and uses an algorithm to determine whether it has been sunburned.

2. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle plate (9) is provided inside the housing. The baffle plate (9) is mounted on the housing by a first servo motor (7) to limit the airflow direction of the heating module (11).

3. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer shell is provided with a sunlight tracking platform that automatically follows the angle of sunlight. The sunlight tracking platform includes a mounting plate (27), a hinge rod (23), and a stepper motor (24). The hinge rod (23) is located between the mounting plate (27) and the outer shell, and the stepper motor (24) is connected to the hinge rod (23).

4. The multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data upload system uploads data to the cloud via wireless communication, including text and image data, allowing users to view environmental data and fruit status information within the device at any time.

5. The method of using the multi-mode fruit sunburn induction device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the fruit sunburn induction mode to be used, and the mechanical box will automatically adjust its structure according to the induction mode; S2. Set the meteorological elements and dynamic change curves of the fruit-inducing environment, and the fruit sunburn induction system begins to create the environment; S3, calibrate the light intensity measurement module and ultraviolet intensity measurement module, the environmental monitoring system detects the environment inside the mechanical box, the main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the information fed back by the environmental monitoring system, and sends the information to the data upload system; S4. After the environment inside the mechanical box stabilizes under the preset conditions, the main control system issues a prompt message. Place the fruit into the mechanical box and fix it with the fruit limiter. Then start the sunburn induction, set the heating mode, and the main control system starts timing. S5. The fruit status detection system detects the fruit status and transmits the status information to the main control system. The main control system then sends the data to the data upload system. S6. The data upload system uploads data to the cloud at regular intervals. S7. The main control system adjusts the fruit sunburn induction system according to the preset environmental change curve, simulates the dynamic changes in the natural environment, and repeats steps S5 to S7 until all sunburn induction work is completed.

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