Air spring, suspension frame and magnetic suspension vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an air spring, a suspension frame and a magnetic suspension vehicle. The air spring comprises a supporting column, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an air bag and a base. The air bag is located between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate and is of a C-shaped structure, when the air spring is installed on a maglev train, the air bag is tightly attached to the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate due to the dead weight of a train body, gaps for dust to enter do not exist, and dustproof components do not need to be installed; meanwhile, in the running process of the vehicle, extrusion and rotating friction do not exist between the supporting column and the air bag, the service life of the air bag and the service life of the air spring are prolonged, and the problems existing in the prior art are solved; in addition, the air spring is internally provided with a vertical stop structure and a transverse stop structure, so that the stability of the magnetic levitation vehicle can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transportation equipment, and particularly relates to an air spring, a suspension frame and a maglev vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure excellent ride comfort of the maglev vehicle, a number of air springs are provided on the suspension frame under the maglev carriage. Limited by the limited installation space on the suspension frame, the current maglev vehicle adopts the installation method of inverting the rubber airbag 021 as shown in Figure 1 in the bracket of the suspension frame 010. In this installation method of the air spring, the rubber airbag 021 and the intermediate support seat 022 are in direct contact. During the operation of the maglev vehicle, in addition to vertically squeezing the rubber airbag 021, the support seat 022 also has rotational friction. The above squeezing and friction will cause serious wear of the rubber airbag 021, thus affecting the service life of the air spring; in addition, a gap is formed by the squeezing between the inner side of the rubber airbag 021 and the intermediate support seat 022. In order to prevent dust from entering, an additional dust-proof device is required. Therefore, it is urgent to design an air spring to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air spring with vertical and lateral stop structures inside, which can ensure the ride comfort of the maglev vehicle and is suitable for the limited installation space of the suspension frame, while avoiding the wear caused by the extrusion and friction between the airbag and the support column, and there is no need to install a dust-proof cover additionally, and it has the advantages of long service life and simple structure.

[0004] The air spring provided by the present invention includes a support column, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an airbag and a base;

[0005] The upper cover plate is circumferentially connected to the periphery of the side surface of the support column;

[0006] The lower cover plate is disposed opposite to the upper cover plate at an interval. The lower cover plate is sleeved on the support column through a through hole provided at the center of the lower cover plate, and there is a first gap D1 between the inner wall of the through hole and the outer periphery of the support column;

[0007] The airbag is disposed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate to form a first air chamber;

[0008] The base is internally hollow to form a second air chamber. The base is provided with an opening communicating with the second air chamber. The base is connected to the lower side of the lower cover plate and the opening corresponds to the through hole, and the opening and the through hole communicate the second air chamber and the first air chamber.

[0009] In the above design, the airbag of the air spring is located between the upper and lower cover plates and has a C-shaped structure. When the air spring is installed on the maglev train, the self-weight of the vehicle body causes the airbag to fit tightly with the upper and lower cover plates, and there is no gap for dust to enter, so there is no need to install dust-proof components. At the same time, during the operation of the vehicle, there is no extrusion and rotational friction between the support column and the airbag, which extends the service life of the airbag and the air spring, and solves the problems existing in the prior art. The air spring has a connected first air chamber and second air chamber, and the vertical stiffness is smaller than that of an air spring with only one air chamber. In addition, the first gap D1 between the support column and the lower cover plate ensures that the air spring has a lateral stop gap, and the first gap D1 defines the limiting distance of the lateral stop, that is, the maximum amplitude of the left and right swing of the air spring. This enables the air spring to have a smaller lateral stiffness in addition to a smaller vertical stiffness, meeting the usage requirements of the air spring for maglev vehicles.

[0010] Further, the inside of the support column is hollow to form a third air chamber, and the third air chamber is communicated with the second air chamber through a pore at the bottom of the support column.

[0011] The inside of the support column is hollow to form a third air chamber as an additional air chamber. A pore is provided at the bottom of the support column to communicate the additional air chamber with the second air chamber. By adjusting the number and size of the pores, the damping of the air spring can be adjusted.

[0012] Further, an auxiliary spring is provided at the bottom inside of the base, and the auxiliary spring is arranged below the support column.

[0013] In the emergency state where the air spring fails and the airbag has no air, the auxiliary spring arranged below the support column can be used to bear the load and provide vibration damping.

[0014] Further, there is a second gap D2 between the auxiliary spring and the support column.

[0015] The second gap D2 is the lowest limiting distance for the vertical stop of the air spring downward, avoiding excessive lowering of the vehicle body due to the failure of the air spring.

[0016] Further, a clamping plate is annularly connected to the lower part of the side surface of the support column;

[0017] The clamping plate has a long axis and a short axis, and the through hole corresponds to the clamping plate, so that the clamping plate can be rotated and clamped by the through hole after passing through the through hole;

[0018] There is a third gap D3 between the top surface of the clamping plate and the bottom surface of the upper cover plate.

[0019] During the hoisting process of the air spring, the clamping plate cooperates with the lower cover plate to have an anti - detachment hoisting function; at the same time, the limit between the clamping plate and the upper cover plate provides a vertical stop for the air spring. During the use of the air spring, the third gap D3 between the clamping plate and the upper cover plate is the highest limit distance for the vertical stop upward.

[0020] Further, a buffer elastic member is provided on the bottom surface of the support column. The buffer elastic member provides buffering when the support column comes into contact with the auxiliary spring or the inner bottom of the base, and has a vibration - damping function.

[0021] Further, a seal is provided between the lower cover plate and the base to enhance the airtightness between the lower cover plate and the base.

[0022] Further, the base is provided with an air inlet pipe communicating with the second air chamber. The air inlet pipe can be connected to the base by welding, which has a firm connection and good airtightness.

[0023] Another aspect of the present invention also provides a suspension frame, which includes the above - mentioned air spring. The base is connected to the installation groove of the suspension frame; an elastic filling member is provided on the bottom surface of the base, and the elastic filling member abuts against the installation groove. Due to machining tolerances, there is a gap between the base and the installation groove, and the elastic filling member fills the gap to avoid affecting the force on the air spring.

[0024] Another aspect of the present invention also provides a maglev vehicle, which includes the above - mentioned air spring, and the air spring is connected between the vehicle body and the suspension frame.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1) The airbag of the air spring provided by the present invention is in a C - shaped structure between the upper and lower cover plates. When the air spring is installed on the maglev train, the self - weight of the vehicle body makes the airbag fit tightly with the upper and lower cover plates, and there is no gap for dust to enter, so there is no need to install dust - proof components;

[0027] 2) There is no extrusion and rotational friction between the support column and the airbag in the air spring provided by the present invention, and the air spring has a long service life;

[0028] 3) The air spring provided by the present invention has a connected first air chamber and second air chamber. Further, it also has a third air chamber. The multi - air - chamber design can better disperse and absorb vibration energy, provide a better shock - absorption effect, and thus improve the comfort of the maglev vehicle;

[0029] 4) The air spring provided by the present invention is internally provided with a lateral stop gap and a vertical stop gap, and both the vertical stiffness and the lateral stiffness are relatively small, meeting the requirements of the maglev vehicle;

[0030] 5) The air spring provided by the present invention has an anti - detachment lifting function during the lifting process of the air spring by means of the cooperation between the clamping plate and the lower cover plate;

[0031] 6) The auxiliary spring provided in the air spring of the present invention bears the load and provides vibration damping in the emergency state where the air spring fails and the airbag has no air, improving the safety performance. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic installation diagram of the air spring provided by the prior art,

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal - section installation diagram of the air spring provided by some embodiments of the present invention,

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal - section installation diagram of the air spring in another direction provided by some embodiments of the present invention,

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic installation diagram of the air spring provided by some embodiments of the present invention,

[0036] Figure 5 is a partial schematic diagram of the air spring provided by some embodiments of the present invention,

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the support column provided by some embodiments of the present invention,

[0038] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic cross - section diagram in the A - A direction,

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the lower cover plate provided by some embodiments of the present invention,

[0040] Figure 9 is Figure 8 a schematic cross - section diagram in the B - B direction,

[0041] Figure 10 is Figure 8 a schematic cross - section diagram in the C - C direction,

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the position change of the clamping plate during the installation process,

[0043] Figure 12 is a partial schematic diagram of the air spring provided by some embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0045] 010 Suspension frame, 021 Rubber airbag, 022 Support seat,

[0046] 100 Support column,

[0047] 110 The third air chamber,

[0048] 120 Air hole,

[0049] 130 Clamping plate,

[0050] 140 Buffer elastic member,

[0051] 200 Upper cover plate,

[0052] 300 Lower cover plate,

[0053] 310 Through hole,

[0054] 400 Airbag,

[0055] 500 Base,

[0056] 510 The second air chamber,

[0057] 520 Opening,

[0058] 530 Intake pipe,

[0059] 540 Elastic filling member,

[0060] 600 Auxiliary spring,

[0061] 700 Sealing member. Detailed implementation manners

[0062] In order to describe the technical solution of the present invention more clearly and completely, the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Various changes can be made within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

[0063] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom" and other terms indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, if there is a description involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0064] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "connected", and "installed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0065] The present invention provides an air spring that can replace the original inverted-mounted airbag and be used on the suspension frame 010 of a maglev vehicle. As Figure 2 shown, the air spring is installed in the installation groove of the suspension frame 010. The installation space of the installation groove is limited, and there is a lateral installation space above the installation groove. The air spring can be divided into two parts: an upper spring and a lower spring that are movably connected. Among them, the upper spring is as Figure 5 shown, and the lower spring is as Figure 12 shown; the upper spring and the lower spring are connected and combined by bolts, and the whole is as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, where Figure 2 is the longitudinal sectional installation schematic diagram of the air spring, Figure 3 is the longitudinal sectional installation schematic diagram after the air spring rotates 90° around the support column 100 in Figure 2 ; the air spring includes a support column 100, an upper cover plate 200, a lower cover plate 300, an airbag 400, and a base 500; as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the upper cover plate 200 is annularly connected to the upper side periphery of the support column 100, the lower cover plate 300 is disposed opposite to the upper cover plate 200 at an interval, and the lower cover plate 300 is sleeved on the support column 100 through a through hole 310 provided at the center of the lower cover plate 300. As Figure 4 shown, there is a first gap D1 between the inner wall of the through hole 310 and the outer periphery of the support column 100. The first gap D1 between the support column and the lower cover plate ensures that the air spring has a lateral stop gap, and the first gap D1 defines the limiting distance of the lateral stop, that is, the maximum amplitude of the left-right swing of the air spring. As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the airbag 400 is disposed between the upper cover plate 200 and the lower cover plate 300 to form a first air chamber 410; the base 500 is internally hollow to form a second air chamber 510. The base 500 is provided with an opening 520 communicating with the second air chamber 510. The base 500 is connected to the lower side of the lower cover plate 300 by bolts, and the opening 520 corresponds to the through hole 310. As Figure 2As shown, a seal 700 is provided between the lower cover plate 100 and the base 500 to enhance the airtightness between the lower cover plate and the base; the opening 520 and the through hole 310 communicate the second air chamber 510 and the first air chamber 410. The connected first air chamber and second air chamber enable the air spring to better disperse and absorb vibration energy, providing a better shock absorption effect. The vertical stiffness is smaller than that of an air spring with only one air chamber, thereby improving the comfort of the maglev vehicle.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the inside of the support column 100 is hollow to form a third air chamber 110, and the third air chamber 110 communicates with the second air chamber 510 through the air holes 120 at the bottom of the support column 100. The inside of the support column 100 is hollow to form the third air chamber 110 as an additional air chamber. Air holes are provided at the bottom of the support column to communicate this additional air chamber with the second air chamber. By adjusting the number and size of the air holes, the damping of the air spring can be adjusted.

[0067] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the base 500 is provided with an air inlet pipe 530 communicating with the second air chamber 510. In other embodiments, the air inlet pipe 500 can also be provided at the upper end of the support column 100; or, the air inlet pipe 500 can also be provided on the airbag 400. The air inlet pipe is arranged on the base 500 or the support column 100 and can be connected by welding, with firm connection and better airtightness.

[0068] In the above design, the airbag of the air spring is in a C-shaped structure between the upper and lower cover plates. When the air spring is installed on the maglev train, the self-weight of the vehicle body makes the airbag fit tightly with the upper and lower cover plates, and there is no gap for dust to enter, so there is no need to install dust-proof components; at the same time, during the operation of the vehicle, there is no extrusion and rotational friction between the support column 100 and the airbag, extending the service life of the airbag and the air spring, and solving the problems existing in the prior art; the air spring has a connected first air chamber and second air chamber, and the vertical stiffness is smaller than that of an air spring with only one air chamber. In addition, the first gap D1 between the support column and the lower cover plate ensures that the air spring has a lateral stop gap, so that the air spring has a smaller lateral stiffness in addition to a smaller vertical stiffness, meeting the use requirements of this air spring for maglev vehicles.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, as Figure 2 、 3As shown in FIGS. 4 and 12, an auxiliary spring 600 is provided at the inner bottom of the base 500, and the auxiliary spring 600 is disposed below the support column 100; in the emergency state where the air spring fails and the airbag is deflated, the auxiliary spring 600 can be used to bear the load and provide vibration damping. There is a second gap D2 between the auxiliary spring 600 and the support column 100; the second gap D2 is the lowest limit distance downward of the vertical stop of the air spring, to prevent the vehicle body from descending too much due to the failure of the air spring. To increase the contact area between the support column 100 and the auxiliary spring 600, as Figure 2-6 shown, the bottom surface of the support column 100 can be welded with an extended plate outward to form a larger contact surface. At the same time, the bottom surface of the support column 100 can be optionally provided with a buffer elastic member 140. The buffer elastic member 140 provides buffering when the support column contacts the auxiliary spring 600, or contacts the inner bottom of the base 500 in the case where there is no auxiliary spring 600, and has a vibration damping function.

[0070] Considering the convenience of hoisting the air spring, a clamping plate 130 is loop-connected to the lower part of the side surface of the support column 100; the clamping plate 130 has a long axis and a short axis, and the through hole 310 corresponds to the clamping plate 130, so that the clamping plate 130 can be rotated and caught by the through hole 310 after passing through the through hole 310; exemplarily, the clamping plate 130 has a long axis and a short axis, and is any one of an elliptical plate, a rectangular plate, and an I-shaped plate. The outer contour of the clamping plate 130 corresponds to and matches the edge contour of the through hole 310, and the through hole 310 is any one of an elliptical hole, a rectangular hole, and an I-shaped hole; taking the elliptical plate as an example, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, an elliptical clamping plate 130 is loop-connected to the lower side surface of the support column 100. Correspondingly, as Figure 8 shown, the opening 310 of the lower cover plate 300 is an elliptical opening 310, and the size is slightly larger than the size of the elliptical clamping plate 130 for easy assembly. The position changes of the clamping plate 130 and the opening 310 during the assembly process are as Figure 11 shown; as Figure 11 a shown, the support column 100 passes through the opening 310, and after the clamping plate 130 passes through the opening 310, it rotates with the axial direction of the support column 100 as the rotation axis. The optimal rotation angle is 90°. After rotation, as Figure 11 b shown, the clamping plate 130 is long in the transverse direction and short in the longitudinal direction. The support column 100 cooperates with the lower cover plate 300 to play a vertical hoisting and anti-disengagement function. At the same time, as Figure 4 shown, there is a third gap D3 between the top surface of the clamping plate 130 and the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 200. Through the third gap D3, the cooperation between the support column 100 and the lower cover plate 300 can also play a vertical stop function.

[0071] The assembly process of the upper spring of the air spring provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0072] The support column 100 is welded and connected to the upper cover plate 200;

[0073] Place the airbag 400 on the support column 100;

[0074] The lower cover plate 300 is sleeved in from below the support column 100, and the clamping plate 130 passes through the opening 310 on the lower cover plate 300 and is located below the lower cover plate;

[0075] Rotate the lower cover plate 300 so that the clamping plate 130 and the opening 310 are misaligned, and preferably the rotation angle is 90°;

[0076] Position the lower cover plate 300, and connect and install the airbag 400 to the upper cover plate 200 and the lower cover plate 300.

[0077] Another aspect of the present invention also provides a suspension frame, which includes the above air spring, and the base 500 is connected to the installation groove of the suspension frame 010. An elastic filling member 540 is provided on the bottom surface of the base 500, and the elastic filling member 540 abuts against the installation groove. Due to machining tolerances, there is a gap between the base 500 and the installation groove, and the elastic filling member 540 fills the gap to avoid affecting the force on the air spring.

[0078] The process of installing the air spring to the suspension frame is as follows:

[0079] Place the base 500 into the installation groove on the support arm of the suspension frame 010. If the air inlet pipe 500 is provided on the base, pay attention to the direction of the air inlet pipe; install the assembled upper spring above the base 500 through the opening 520, connect and fix the upper spring and the base 500 to the support arm of the suspension frame through fasteners, and conduct an airtightness test after installation.

[0080] Another aspect of the present invention also provides a maglev vehicle, which includes the above air spring, and the air spring is connected between the vehicle body and the suspension frame 010.

[0081] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

Claims

1. An air spring, characterized in that, It includes a support column (100), an upper cover plate (200), a lower cover plate (300), an airbag (400) and a base (500); The upper cover plate (200) is annularly connected to the peripheral side of the support column (100); The lower cover plate (300) is disposed opposite to the upper cover plate (200) at an interval. The lower cover plate (300) is sleeved on the support column (100) through a through hole (310) provided at the center of the lower cover plate (300), and there is a first gap D1 between the inner wall of the through hole (310) and the outer periphery of the support column (100); The airbag (400) is disposed between the upper cover plate (200) and the lower cover plate (300) to form a first air chamber (410); The interior of the base (500) is hollow to form a second air chamber (510). The base (500) is provided with an opening (520) communicating with the second air chamber (510). The base (500) is connected below the lower cover plate (300) and the opening (520) corresponds to the through hole (310). The opening (520) and the through hole (310) communicate the second air chamber (510) and the first air chamber (410).

2. The air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the support column (100) is hollow to form a third air chamber (110), and the third air chamber (110) is communicated with the second air chamber (510) through an air hole (120) at the bottom of the support column (100).

3. The air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, An auxiliary spring (600) is disposed at the inner bottom of the base (500), and the auxiliary spring (600) is disposed below the support column (100).

4. The air spring according to claim 3, wherein There is a second gap D2 between the auxiliary spring (600) and the support column (100).

5. The air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping plate (130) is annularly connected to the lower part of the side surface of the support column (100); The clamping plate (130) has a long axis and a short axis, and the through hole (310) corresponds to the clamping plate (130) so that the clamping plate (130) is rotated and clamped by the through hole (310) after passing through the through hole (310); There is a third gap D3 between the top surface of the clamping plate (130) and the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (200).

6. The air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that A buffer elastic member (140) is disposed at the bottom surface of the support column (100).

7. The air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seal (700) is disposed between the lower cover plate (100) and the base (500).

8. The air spring according to claim 1, wherein The base (500) is provided with an air inlet pipe (530) communicating with the second air chamber (510).

9. Suspension frame, characterized in that, It includes the air spring according to any one of claims 1-8, and the base (500) is connected into the installation groove of the suspension frame (010); an elastic filling member (540) is disposed at the bottom surface of the base (500), and the elastic filling member (540) abuts against the installation groove.

10. Maglev vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the air spring according to any one of claims 1-8, and the air spring is connected between the vehicle body and the suspension frame (010).

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