Supercooled cloud seeding effect verification method based on unmanned aerial vehicle platform

Abstract

The application discloses a supercooled cloud seeding effect inspection method based on a UAV platform, relates to the technical field of supercooled cloud seeding effect inspection, and comprises the following steps: collecting and processing data of unseeded supercooled clouds based on a UAV to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds; collecting and processing data of seeded supercooled clouds based on the UAV to obtain the ice crystal density in the seeded clouds; and analyzing and processing the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in the seeded clouds based on the rainfall difference to determine rainfall influence parameters and to-be-inspected rainfall parameters. The application compares two groups of supercooled clouds with different conditions to determine whether the seeded supercooled clouds improve the rainfall, analyzes the method if the seeded supercooled clouds do not improve the rainfall to determine the feasibility of the subsequent method, and determines that the ice crystal density in the supercooled clouds can improve the rainfall if the seeded supercooled clouds improve the rainfall, so that the method can be continuously used to improve the rainfall, and the waste of financial resources is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of supercooled cloud seeding effect testing technology, specifically to a method for testing supercooled cloud seeding effect based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. Background Technology

[0002] Supercooled clouds are clouds with a temperature below 0°C, but the water droplets inside the cloud remain liquid and do not freeze.

[0003] Seeding supercooled clouds involves causing ice crystals to form inside the clouds, which in turn causes water vapor inside the clouds to sublimate into water droplets and thus fall as rain. However, without monitoring the state of the ice crystals inside the supercooled clouds after seeding, it is impossible to determine whether the seeded supercooled clouds can increase rainfall. If the seeded supercooled clouds do not increase rainfall, continuing to use this method will not only fail to increase rainfall but also waste financial resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this paper provides a method for verifying the effectiveness of supercooled cloud seeding based on a drone platform. This technical solution solves the problem mentioned in the background art where, after seeding supercooled clouds, the state of ice crystals inside the supercooled clouds is not monitored, making it impossible to determine whether the seeded supercooled clouds can increase rainfall. If the seeded supercooled clouds do not increase rainfall, continuing to use this method will not only fail to increase rainfall but also waste financial resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] Methods for verifying the effectiveness of supercooled cloud seeding based on UAV platforms include:

[0007] Using drones, data collection and processing were performed on unseeded supercooled clouds to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds.

[0008] Using drones, data collection and processing were performed on supercooled clouds after seeding to obtain the ice crystal density in the clouds after seeding.

[0009] Based on ground-based rain gauges, data is collected and processed from supercooled clouds during rainfall to obtain rainfall difference values.

[0010] Based on the difference in rainfall, the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds are analyzed and processed to determine the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified.

[0011] Using drones, secondary data collection was conducted on unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0012] Based on the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the rainfall parameters to be verified are processed to determine whether the size of ice crystals affects the amount of rainfall.

[0013] Preferably, the step of using a drone to collect and process data from unseeded supercooled clouds to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] The structure of the UAV was analyzed to determine the installation locations of the particle counter and lidar;

[0015] Based on the installation location of the particle counter and lidar, install the particle counter and lidar on the drone;

[0016] Based on a particle counter, the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds is counted to obtain the number of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds.

[0017] Using drones, images of unseeded supercooled clouds are collected, and images of unseeded supercooled clouds are obtained.

[0018] Images of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds are analyzed and processed to obtain the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds.

[0019] Preferably, the step of analyzing and processing the images of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds to obtain the density of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] Cloud shape analysis was performed on images of unseeded supercooled clouds to determine their shape.

[0021] The shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds are segmented to determine the regular and irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds.

[0022] Based on the regular and irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds, the size of the unseeded supercooled cloud images is measured to obtain the size information of the regular and irregular shapes of the unseeded supercooled clouds.

[0023] Function matching is performed on the irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds to determine the first similarity function;

[0024] The volume data of unseeded supercooled clouds are obtained by calculating and processing the regular shape and size information of unseeded supercooled clouds, the regular shape and the irregular shape and size information of unseeded supercooled clouds, the first similarity function, and the irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds.

[0025] The volume data of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds are calculated and processed to obtain the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds.

[0026] Preferably, the specific formula for calculating the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, ρ1 is the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds; V i Volume data of regularly shaped, unseeded supercooled clouds; m represents V. i The specific quantity of volume data for regular-shaped, unseeded supercooled clouds; Ω represents the irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds; f j (x,y,z) is the first similarity function; n is the specific number of irregular shapes in the unseeded supercooled cloud; α is the scaling ratio of the unseeded supercooled cloud image; β is the number of ice crystals in the unseeded cloud.

[0029] Preferably, the step of collecting and processing data on supercooled clouds after seeding using drones to obtain the ice crystal density in the clouds after seeding specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Based on a particle counter, the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after seeding is obtained by counting the ice crystals in the clouds after seeding.

[0031] Using drones, images of supercooled clouds after sowing are collected, and images of supercooled clouds after sowing are obtained.

[0032] Cloud shape analysis was performed on supercooled cloud images after sowing to determine the shape of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0033] The shape of supercooled clouds after sowing was segmented to determine the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0034] Based on the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing, the size of supercooled cloud images after sowing is measured to obtain the size information of the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0035] Function matching was performed on the irregular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing to determine the second similarity function;

[0036] The volume data of supercooled clouds after sowing are obtained by calculating and processing the regular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing, the regular shape and the irregular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing, the second similarity function, and the irregular shape of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0037] The supercooled cloud volume data and the number of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding are calculated and processed to obtain the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding.

[0038] Preferably, the step of collecting and processing data on supercooled clouds during rainfall based on a ground-based rain gauge to obtain the rainfall difference specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] Based on ground-based rain gauges, data were collected and processed from supercooled clouds after seeding and supercooled clouds before seeding to obtain the rainfall of supercooled clouds after seeding and supercooled clouds before seeding.

[0040] The difference between the supercooled cloud rainfall after sowing and the supercooled cloud rainfall before sowing is calculated to obtain the rainfall difference value.

[0041] Preferably, the step of analyzing and processing the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds based on the difference in rainfall to determine the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] If the difference in rainfall is greater than or equal to the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is greater than the ice crystal density in the cloud without seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is the rainfall impact parameter.

[0043] If the difference in rainfall is less than the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is greater than the ice crystal density in the cloud without seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is set as the rainfall parameter to be verified.

[0044] If the difference in rainfall is greater than or equal to the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is less than or equal to the ice crystal density in the cloud before seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is not a parameter affected by rainfall.

[0045] If the difference in rainfall is less than the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after sowing is less than or equal to the ice crystal density in the cloud before sowing, the ice crystal density in the cloud is a parameter affecting rainfall.

[0046] Preferably, the step of using drones to perform secondary data collection on unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and obtaining the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall specifically includes the following steps:

[0047] Based on a particle counter, ice crystal counting was performed on both unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the number of ice crystals in the unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and the number of ice crystals in the seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0048] Based on lidar, ice crystal size measurements were performed on both unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the ice crystal sizes in both types of clouds.

[0049] Preferably, the verification process for the rainfall parameters to be verified, based on the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, to determine whether the ice crystal size affects the rainfall, specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] The average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall are calculated to obtain the average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0051] The average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeding is calculated by averaging the number of ice crystals and the size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeding.

[0052] If the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is greater than the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, and the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, then the ice crystal size affects the amount of rainfall.

[0053] If the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is less than or equal to the number of ice crystals in unsown supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in unsown supercooled clouds after rainfall, or the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is not approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in unsown supercooled clouds after rainfall, the ice crystal size does not affect the amount of rainfall.

[0054] Preferably, the specific formula for calculating the average size of ice crystals in the unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, S a The average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall; the S kdenoted as , where is the size of each ice crystal in an unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall; and denoted as g is the number of ice crystals in an unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall.

[0057] Furthermore, a supercooled cloud seeding effect verification system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform is proposed to implement the aforementioned UAV-based supercooled cloud seeding effect verification method, including:

[0058] The drone uses its onboard camera to collect images of unseeded supercooled clouds and sown supercooled clouds, obtaining images of unseeded supercooled clouds and sown supercooled clouds.

[0059] A particle counter is used to count the ice crystal particles inside unseeded supercooled clouds and seeded supercooled clouds to obtain the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds and the number of ice crystals in seeded clouds.

[0060] The lidar is used to measure the ice crystal size of unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and to obtain the ice crystal size in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0061] A ground rain gauge is used to collect and process data on supercooled clouds after sowing and supercooled clouds before sowing, and to obtain the rainfall of supercooled clouds after sowing and supercooled clouds before sowing.

[0062] The image analysis module uses an edge detection algorithm to perform shape analysis on images of supercooled clouds before and after sowing, thereby determining the shape of the supercooled clouds before and after sowing.

[0063] The shape segmentation module is used to segment the shape of the supercooled cloud before sowing and the shape of the supercooled cloud after sowing, and to determine the regular shape of the supercooled cloud before sowing, the irregular shape of the supercooled cloud before sowing, the regular shape of the supercooled cloud after sowing, and the irregular shape of the supercooled cloud after sowing.

[0064] The size measurement module measures the supercooled clouds in images of unseeded and sown supercooled clouds using measuring tools.

[0065] The function matching module performs function matching on the irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds and the irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after seeding.

[0066] The density calculation module calculates the volume data of the supercooled cloud before seeding, the number of ice crystals in the cloud before seeding, and the volume data of the supercooled cloud after seeding, and the number of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding, to obtain the ice crystal density in the cloud before seeding and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding.

[0067] The rainfall impact parameter analysis module analyzes and judges the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds based on the difference in rainfall, and determines the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified.

[0068] The verification module is used to verify the rainfall parameters to be verified and determine whether the size of ice crystals affects the amount of rainfall.

[0069] Furthermore, a storage medium is proposed, on which a computer program is stored, which, when invoked and executed, performs the aforementioned method for verifying the effect of supercooled cloud seeding based on a drone platform.

[0070] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on a drone platform, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] This invention compares two sets of supercooled clouds under different conditions to determine whether the supercooled clouds after sowing increased rainfall. If they did not increase rainfall, the method is analyzed to determine its feasibility. If they did increase rainfall, it can be determined that the density of ice crystals in the supercooled clouds can increase rainfall, and the method can continue to be used to increase rainfall, thus avoiding the waste of financial resources. Attached Figure Description

[0072] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating steps S100-S600 in the method for verifying the effect of supercooled cloud seeding based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform proposed in this invention.

[0073] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the supercooled cloud seeding effect testing system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the method for verifying the effectiveness of supercooled cloud seeding based on a drone platform includes:

[0076] S100: Based on drones, data collection and processing are performed on unseeded supercooled clouds to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds.

[0077] S200, based on drones, collects and processes data on supercooled clouds after sowing to obtain the ice crystal density in the clouds after sowing;

[0078] It is understandable that setting up a control group can determine whether the rainfall from supercooled clouds increases after sowing, thereby adjusting the sowing plan and avoiding the waste of financial resources.

[0079] S300, based on ground rain gauges, collects and processes data on supercooled clouds during rainfall to obtain rainfall difference values;

[0080] S400. Based on the difference in rainfall, the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds are analyzed and processed to determine the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified.

[0081] S500, based on UAV, performs secondary data collection on supercooled clouds that have not been seeded after rainfall and supercooled clouds that have been seeded after rainfall, to obtain the number of ice crystals in the supercooled clouds that have not been seeded after rainfall, the size of the ice crystals in the supercooled clouds that have not been seeded after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in the supercooled clouds that have been seeded after rainfall, and the size of the ice crystals in the supercooled clouds that have been seeded after rainfall.

[0082] S600. Based on the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the rainfall parameters to be verified are processed to determine whether the ice crystal size affects the amount of rainfall.

[0083] Those skilled in the art will understand that if a control group is not set up after seeding supercooled clouds, it is impossible to determine whether seeding of supercooled clouds increases rainfall. Therefore, a group of unseeded supercooled clouds and a group of seeded supercooled clouds are set up. The density of ice crystals in the unseeded and seeded supercooled clouds is monitored in real time by drones. Then, when rainfall occurs in these two groups of supercooled clouds, the amount of rainfall in these two groups of supercooled clouds is measured to determine whether the density of ice crystals in the clouds can increase the amount of rainfall. If the density of ice crystals in the clouds cannot increase the amount of rainfall, the size of the ice crystals is verified to determine whether the reason why the amount of rainfall cannot be increased is related to the size of the ice crystals, thereby identifying the factors affecting the amount of rainfall and avoiding the waste of financial resources.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] Using drones, data collection and processing of unseeded supercooled clouds to obtain the ice crystal density in these clouds specifically includes the following steps:

[0086] S101. Analyze the structure of the UAV to determine the installation locations of the particle counter and lidar;

[0087] S102. Based on the installation location of the particle counter and lidar, install the particle counter and lidar on the drone;

[0088] Understandably, drones cannot measure the number and size of ice crystals inside supercooled clouds. Therefore, it is necessary to install particle counters and lidar on drones to measure ice crystals.

[0089] S103. Based on the particle counter, count the ice crystals in the unseeded supercooled cloud to obtain the number of ice crystals in the unseeded cloud.

[0090] S104. Based on drones, images of unseeded supercooled clouds are collected to obtain images of unseeded supercooled clouds.

[0091] It is understandable that a supercooled cloud is an irregular object. Therefore, in order to obtain the complete shape of the supercooled cloud, it is necessary to control the drone to take pictures of the supercooled cloud from different angles. So the images of the unseeded supercooled cloud are multiple sets and are images from different angles.

[0092] S105. Analyze and process the images of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds to obtain the density of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds.

[0093] In this embodiment, the ice crystal density and size in supercooled clouds may affect the amount of rainfall. Therefore, the number and size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds are measured by particle counter and lidar. Then, the supercooled clouds are photographed from different angles by a camera device mounted on a drone to obtain images of the supercooled clouds. Finally, the supercooled cloud images are subjected to shape analysis, region segmentation, function matching, and volume calculation to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] The analysis and processing of images of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds to obtain the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] S1051. Perform cloud shape analysis on images of unseeded supercooled clouds to determine the shape of the unseeded supercooled clouds;

[0097] It is understandable that the images of unseeded supercooled clouds are composed of multiple sets of images taken by drones from different angles. By analyzing the supercooled cloud images from different angles, the shape of each part of the supercooled cloud can be obtained, and by piecing them together, the complete shape of the unseeded supercooled cloud can be obtained.

[0098] S1052. The shape of the unseeded supercooled cloud is segmented to determine the regular shape and the irregular shape of the unseeded supercooled cloud.

[0099] S1053. Based on the regular shape and irregular shape of the unseeded supercooled cloud, the size of the unseeded supercooled cloud image is measured to obtain the size information of the regular shape and the size information of the irregular shape of the unseeded supercooled cloud.

[0100] S1054. Perform function matching on the irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds to determine the first similarity function;

[0101] S1055. Calculate and process the regular shape and size information of unseeded supercooled clouds, the regular shape and irregular shape and size information of unseeded supercooled clouds, the first similarity function, and the irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds to obtain the volume data of unseeded supercooled clouds.

[0102] S1056. Calculate and process the volume data of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds to obtain the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds.

[0103] The specific formula for calculating the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, ρ1 is the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds; V i Volume data of regularly shaped, unseeded supercooled clouds; m represents V. i The specific quantity of volume data for regular-shaped, unseeded supercooled clouds; Ω represents the irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds; f j (x,y,z) is the first similarity function; n is the specific number of irregular shapes in the unseeded supercooled clouds; α is the scaling ratio of the unseeded supercooled cloud image; β is the number of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds;

[0106] In this embodiment, the supercooled cloud is an irregular cloud-shaped object. When it is necessary to calculate the ice crystal density in the supercooled cloud, the volume of the supercooled cloud needs to be calculated. Therefore, by analyzing the image of the unseeded supercooled cloud, the specific shape of the supercooled cloud is determined. After the shape of the supercooled cloud is determined, the shape of the supercooled cloud is segmented into regular regions and irregular regions. Regular regions are such as cubes, cuboids, cylinders, etc., while irregular regions may be composed of multiple different functions. Therefore, its volume is calculated by triple integral. Finally, the volume of the supercooled cloud is obtained by summing the volumes of the regular regions and the irregular regions. The obtained volume of the supercooled cloud is then calculated with the number of ice crystals in the unseeded cloud to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded cloud.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] Using drones, data collection and processing of supercooled clouds after seeding to obtain the ice crystal density in the post-seeding clouds specifically includes the following steps:

[0109] S201. Based on a particle counter, count the ice crystals in the supercooled cloud after seeding to obtain the number of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding.

[0110] S202. Based on drones, images of supercooled clouds after sowing are collected to obtain images of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0111] S203. Perform cloud shape analysis on supercooled cloud images after sowing to determine the shape of supercooled clouds after sowing;

[0112] S204. The shape of supercooled clouds after sowing is segmented to determine the regular shape and the irregular shape of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0113] S205. Based on the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing, measure the size of the supercooled cloud image after sowing to obtain the size information of the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0114] S206. Perform function matching on the irregular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing to determine the second similarity function;

[0115] S207. Calculate and process the regular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing, the regular shape and irregular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing, the second similarity function, and the irregular shape of supercooled clouds after sowing to obtain the volume data of supercooled clouds after sowing.

[0116] S208. Calculate and process the supercooled cloud volume data and the number of ice crystals in the cloud after sowing to obtain the ice crystal density in the cloud after sowing.

[0117] In this embodiment, the shape of the supercooled cloud selected for seeding should be similar to that of the unseeded supercooled cloud, and the number of ice crystals inside should be approximately the same. Therefore, after the supercooled cloud is seeded, the density of the ice crystals inside it is calculated. Subsequently, the ice crystal density of the unseeded supercooled cloud and the ice crystal density of the seeded supercooled cloud are compared and analyzed to determine whether the ice crystal density affects the rainfall. In this way, the seeding plan can be adjusted to avoid wasting financial resources. It is worth noting that the calculation method in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 2, so it will not be elaborated on here.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] Based on ground-based rain gauges, data collection and processing of supercooled clouds during precipitation to obtain the precipitation difference specifically includes the following steps:

[0120] S301. Based on ground rain gauges, data collection and processing are performed on supercooled clouds after seeding and supercooled clouds before seeding to obtain the rainfall of supercooled clouds after seeding and supercooled clouds before seeding.

[0121] S302. Calculate the difference between the supercooled cloud rainfall after sowing and the supercooled cloud rainfall before sowing to obtain the rainfall difference value;

[0122] In this embodiment, in order to determine whether ice crystal density affects rainfall, it is necessary to measure the rainfall data of these two sets of supercooled clouds. Therefore, ground rain gauges are installed in the areas where these two sets of supercooled clouds receive rainfall to monitor the rainfall.

[0123] Example 5

[0124] Based on the difference in rainfall, the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds are analyzed and processed to determine the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified. The specific steps include the following:

[0125] S401. If the difference in rainfall is greater than or equal to the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is greater than the ice crystal density in the cloud without seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is a rainfall impact parameter.

[0126] S402. If the difference in rainfall is less than the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is greater than the ice crystal density in the cloud without seeding, set the ice crystal density in the cloud as the rainfall parameter to be verified.

[0127] S403. If the difference in rainfall is greater than or equal to the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after sowing is less than or equal to the ice crystal density in the cloud before sowing, the ice crystal density in the cloud is not a parameter affecting rainfall.

[0128] S404. If the difference in rainfall is less than the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after sowing is less than or equal to the ice crystal density in the cloud before sowing, the ice crystal density in the cloud is a rainfall impact parameter.

[0129] In this embodiment, when the difference in rainfall is less than a set first threshold, but the density of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding is greater than that in the cloud without seeding, the rainfall may also be related to the size of the ice crystals. If the ice crystals are too small, they cannot absorb more water vapor. If they absorb too little water vapor, the water droplets formed will be small, and their own gravity will not be able to overcome the buoyancy, so they cannot fall and thus cannot increase the rainfall. Therefore, when the density of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding is greater than that in the cloud without seeding, it is necessary to analyze their size to see if they are too small. If they are too small, the seeding plan needs to be adjusted to make the ice crystals larger, thereby increasing the rainfall.

[0130] Example 6

[0131] Using drones, secondary data collection is performed on both unseeded and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the number and size of ice crystals in the unseeded and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall. The specific steps include the following:

[0132] S501. Based on the particle counter, perform ice crystal counting on the unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall and the seeded supercooled cloud after rainfall respectively, and obtain the number of ice crystals in the unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall and the number of ice crystals in the seeded supercooled cloud after rainfall.

[0133] S502. Based on lidar, ice crystal size is measured in both unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the ice crystal size in both unseeded and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0134] In this embodiment, in order to determine whether the small size of the ice crystals affects the amount of rainfall, a second data collection was performed on the two sets of supercooled clouds after rainfall using a particle counter and lidar to obtain the size of the ice crystals in the two sets of supercooled clouds after rainfall. The size was then analyzed to determine whether the small size was the reason why the increase in rainfall was not significant.

[0135] Example 7

[0136] Based on the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the rainfall parameters to be verified are processed to determine whether the ice crystal size affects the rainfall. The specific steps include:

[0137] S601. Calculate the average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0138] S602. Calculate the average of the number of ice crystals and the size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after rainfall and sowing to obtain the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after rainfall and sowing.

[0139] S603. If the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is greater than the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, and the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, the ice crystal size affects the amount of rainfall.

[0140] S604. If the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is less than or equal to the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, and the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, or the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is not approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, the ice crystal size does not affect the amount of rainfall.

[0141] The specific formula for calculating the average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall is as follows:

[0142]

[0143] In the formula, S a The average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall; the S k The size of each ice crystal in the unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall; g is the number of ice crystals in the unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall;

[0144] In this embodiment, since some ice crystals will still exist in the supercooled clouds after the two sets of rainfall, it would be a waste of a lot of time to compare the size of each ice crystal one by one. If the size of the ice crystals affects the rainfall, then the remaining ice crystal sizes should all be approximately the same. Therefore, the average size of all ice crystals after the two sets of rainfall is calculated to obtain the average ice crystal size. If the size of the ice crystals affects the rainfall, then the average ice crystal sizes of the two sets should also be approximately equal. Therefore, by comparing the average ice crystal size, it can be determined whether the size of the ice crystals affects the rainfall. If the rainfall is affected by the ice crystals being too small, the seeding plan can be adjusted to make the ice crystals in the supercooled clouds larger, thereby increasing the rainfall. At the same time, it can also avoid the problem of wasting financial resources by using the old plan.

[0145] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the supercooled cloud seeding effect verification system based on the UAV platform is used to implement the supercooled cloud seeding effect verification method based on the UAV platform described above, including:

[0146] The drone uses its onboard camera to collect images of unseeded supercooled clouds and sown supercooled clouds, obtaining images of unseeded supercooled clouds and sown supercooled clouds.

[0147] A particle counter is used to count the ice crystal particles inside unseeded supercooled clouds and seeded supercooled clouds to obtain the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds and the number of ice crystals in seeded clouds.

[0148] The lidar is used to measure the ice crystal size of unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and to obtain the ice crystal size in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall.

[0149] It is understandable that lidar emits radar waves into supercooled clouds, and then the size of ice crystals can be determined based on the reflection time of the radar waves;

[0150] A ground rain gauge is used to collect and process data on supercooled clouds after sowing and supercooled clouds before sowing, and to obtain the rainfall of supercooled clouds after sowing and supercooled clouds before sowing.

[0151] The image analysis module uses an edge detection algorithm to perform shape analysis on images of supercooled clouds before and after sowing, thereby determining the shape of the supercooled clouds before and after sowing.

[0152] The shape segmentation module is used to segment the shape of the supercooled cloud before sowing and the shape of the supercooled cloud after sowing, and to determine the regular shape of the supercooled cloud before sowing, the irregular shape of the supercooled cloud before sowing, the regular shape of the supercooled cloud after sowing, and the irregular shape of the supercooled cloud after sowing.

[0153] The size measurement module measures the supercooled clouds in images of unseeded and sown supercooled clouds using measuring tools.

[0154] The function matching module performs function matching on the irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds and the irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after seeding.

[0155] The density calculation module calculates the volume data of the supercooled cloud before seeding, the number of ice crystals in the cloud before seeding, and the volume data of the supercooled cloud after seeding, and the number of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding, to obtain the ice crystal density in the cloud before seeding and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding.

[0156] The rainfall impact parameter analysis module analyzes and judges the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds based on the difference in rainfall, and determines the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified.

[0157] The verification module is used to verify the rainfall parameters to be verified and determine whether the size of ice crystals affects the amount of rainfall.

[0158] Furthermore, a storage medium is proposed, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is invoked and executed, it performs the above-described method for verifying the effect of supercooled cloud seeding based on a drone platform. The storage medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD).

[0159] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A method for verifying the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform, characterized in that, include: Using drones, data collection and processing were performed on unseeded supercooled clouds to obtain the ice crystal density in the unseeded clouds. Using drones, data collection and processing were performed on supercooled clouds after seeding to obtain the ice crystal density in the clouds after seeding. Based on ground-based rain gauges, data is collected and processed from supercooled clouds during rainfall to obtain rainfall difference values. Based on the difference in rainfall, the ice crystal density in unseeded clouds and the ice crystal density in seeded clouds are analyzed and processed to determine the rainfall impact parameters and the rainfall parameters to be verified. Using drones, secondary data collection was conducted on unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall. Based on the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the rainfall parameters to be verified are processed to determine whether the ice crystal size affects the amount of rainfall. The process of collecting and processing data on unseeded supercooled clouds using drones to obtain the ice crystal density in these clouds specifically includes the following steps: The structure of the UAV was analyzed to determine the installation locations of the particle counter and lidar; Based on the installation location of the particle counter and lidar, install the particle counter and lidar on the drone; Based on a particle counter, the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds is counted to obtain the number of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds. Using drones, images of unseeded supercooled clouds are collected, and images of unseeded supercooled clouds are obtained. The images of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds were analyzed and processed to obtain the density of ice crystals in the unseeded clouds. The process of analyzing and processing unseeded supercooled cloud images and the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds to obtain the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds specifically includes the following steps: Cloud shape analysis was performed on images of unseeded supercooled clouds to determine their shape. The shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds are segmented to determine the regular and irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds. Based on the regular and irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds, the size of the unseeded supercooled cloud images is measured to obtain the size information of the regular and irregular shapes of the unseeded supercooled clouds. Function matching is performed on the irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds to determine the first similarity function; The volume data of unseeded supercooled clouds are obtained by calculating and processing the regular shape and size information of unseeded supercooled clouds, the regular shape and the irregular shape and size information of unseeded supercooled clouds, the first similarity function, and the irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds. The volume data of unseeded supercooled clouds and the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds are calculated and processed to obtain the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds.

2. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific formula for calculating the density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds is as follows: ； In the formula, the The density of ice crystals in unseeded clouds; Volumetric data of regularly shaped, unseeded supercooled clouds; m is... The specific quantity of volumetric data for regularly shaped, unseeded supercooled clouds; The irregular shape of unseeded supercooled clouds; The first similarity function; n is the specific number of irregular shapes of unseeded supercooled clouds; the The scaling factor for an image of an unseeded supercooled cloud; The This represents the number of ice crystals in unseeded clouds.

3. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting and processing data on supercooled clouds after seeding using drones to obtain the ice crystal density in the seeded clouds specifically includes the following steps: Based on a particle counter, the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after seeding is obtained by counting the ice crystals in the clouds after seeding. Using drones, images of supercooled clouds after sowing are collected, and images of supercooled clouds after sowing are obtained. Cloud shape analysis was performed on supercooled cloud images after sowing to determine the shape of supercooled clouds after sowing. The shape of supercooled clouds after sowing was segmented to determine the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing. Based on the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing, the size of supercooled cloud images after sowing is measured to obtain the size information of the regular and irregular shapes of supercooled clouds after sowing. Function matching was performed on the irregular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing to determine the second similarity function; The volume data of supercooled clouds after sowing are obtained by calculating and processing the regular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing, the regular shape and the irregular shape and size information of supercooled clouds after sowing, the second similarity function, and the irregular shape of supercooled clouds after sowing. The supercooled cloud volume data and the number of ice crystals in the cloud after seeding are calculated and processed to obtain the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding.

4. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting and processing data on supercooled clouds during rainfall based on ground-based rain gauges to obtain rainfall difference specifically includes the following steps: Based on ground-based rain gauges, data were collected and processed from supercooled clouds after seeding and supercooled clouds before seeding to obtain the rainfall of supercooled clouds after seeding and supercooled clouds before seeding. The difference between the supercooled cloud rainfall after sowing and the supercooled cloud rainfall before sowing is calculated to obtain the rainfall difference value.

5. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of analyzing and processing the ice crystal density in unseeded and seeded clouds based on rainfall differences to determine rainfall impact parameters and rainfall parameters to be verified includes the following steps: If the difference in rainfall is greater than or equal to the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is greater than the ice crystal density in the cloud without seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is the rainfall impact parameter. If the difference in rainfall is less than the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is greater than the ice crystal density in the cloud without seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is set as the rainfall parameter to be verified. If the difference in rainfall is greater than or equal to the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after seeding is less than or equal to the ice crystal density in the cloud before seeding, the ice crystal density in the cloud is not a parameter affected by rainfall. If the difference in rainfall is less than the set first threshold, and the ice crystal density in the cloud after sowing is less than or equal to the ice crystal density in the cloud before sowing, the ice crystal density in the cloud is a parameter affecting rainfall.

6. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using drones to perform secondary data collection on unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and to obtain the number and size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, specifically includes the following steps: Based on a particle counter, ice crystal counting was performed on both unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the number of ice crystals in the unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and the number of ice crystals in the seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall. Based on lidar, ice crystal size measurements were performed on both unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall to obtain the ice crystal sizes in both types of clouds.

7. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The verification process, based on the number and size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, the number and size of ice crystals in seeded supercooled clouds after rainfall, and the verification of rainfall parameters to be tested, to determine whether ice crystal size affects rainfall, specifically includes the following steps: The average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall and the number of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall are calculated to obtain the average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall. The average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeding is calculated by averaging the number of ice crystals and the size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds after rainfall and seeding. If the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is greater than the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, and the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, then the ice crystal size affects the amount of rainfall. If the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is less than or equal to the number of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, and the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, or the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds sown after rainfall is not approximately equal to the average size of ice crystals in supercooled clouds not sown after rainfall, the ice crystal size does not affect the amount of rainfall.

8. The method for testing the seeding effect of supercooled clouds based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific formula for calculating the average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall is as follows: ； In the formula, the The average size of ice crystals in unseeded supercooled clouds after rainfall; denoted as , where is the size of each ice crystal in an unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall; and denoted as g is the number of ice crystals in an unseeded supercooled cloud after rainfall.

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