Self-adapting viscosity-reducing and detachment type composite disc harrow blade

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive anti-adhesion and desorption composite disc harrow, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. The invention includes: a disc harrow body, with multiple mounting slots evenly spaced circumferentially on at least one disc surface; multiple sets of elastic supports corresponding to the mounting slots, each set of elastic supports having one end fixed to the bottom of the mounting slot near the center of the disc harrow body; and a spring piece, the shape of which is adapted to the mounting slot, one end of which is hinged to the inner wall of the mounting slot away from the center of the disc harrow body, and the other end pressed against the other end of the corresponding elastic support. During the tillage and soil penetration stage, the spring piece can overcome the pre-tightening force of the elastic supports and slide inward into the mounting slot, sharing the load with the disc. During the soil removal stage, it can be ejected outward by the restoring force of the spring, rapidly detaching the attached soil using the low surface energy of the spring piece, thereby achieving continuous and efficient adaptive anti-adhesion and automatic desorption functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more specifically to an adaptive anti-adhesion and desorption composite disc harrow blade. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional open-face disc harrows consist of a series of disc blades that utilize the active rotation of the discs to break up soil, cut roots, and turn the soil. They are widely used for deep tillage, straw processing, and soil improvement in farmland. However, in heavy clay soils or saline-alkali soils, soil easily adheres to the surface of the harrow blades, causing the discs to become clogged, increasing operating resistance, requiring frequent stops for cleaning, and severely impacting operational efficiency.

[0003] Existing anti-sticking / self-cleaning technologies and their limitations: (1) Surface coating: Spraying fluoropolymer, ceramic or wear-resistant polymer onto the surface of the rake blade can reduce soil adhesion to a certain extent. However, the coating is prone to peeling or wear due to soil and rock impact, has a limited lifespan, and high maintenance costs in the later stage. (2) Mechanical sweeping device: Adding scrapers, brushes or sweeping wheels to the rear of the disc to remove the attached material through relative motion. However, such additional devices have a complex structure, are prone to jamming or damage, and have a significant impact on tillage load and rotational balance.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs an adaptive anti-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide an adaptive de-adhesion composite disc rake blade to at least partially solve the problems of surface coatings in the prior art that are easily peeled or worn by soil and rock impacts, have limited lifespan, and high maintenance costs; mechanical sweeping devices have complex structures, are prone to jamming or damage, and have a significant impact on tillage load and rotational balance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade includes:

[0008] The disc rake blade body has at least one disc surface with multiple mounting grooves evenly spaced around it.

[0009] Multiple sets of elastic support members, each set of elastic support members corresponding to multiple mounting slots, with one end of each set of elastic support members fixed to the bottom of the mounting slot near the center of the disc rake body;

[0010] A spring sheet, the shape of which is adapted to the mounting groove, one end of which is hinged to the inner sidewall of the mounting groove away from the center of the disc rake body, and the other end is pressed against the other end of the corresponding elastic support member.

[0011] The beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are: when the spring is subjected to soil compression during the tillage stage, it can overcome the pre-tightening force of the elastic support and slide inward into the installation groove, sharing the load with the disc; and during the excavation stage, it can be ejected outward with the help of the spring's restoring force, allowing the attached soil to be quickly detached with the spring's low surface energy, thereby achieving continuous and efficient adaptive de-adhesion and automatic de-adhesion functions.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the spring piece is the same as the depth of the mounting groove.

[0013] Preferably, a displacement sensor for monitoring the travel of the spring is installed at the bottom of the mounting slot.

[0014] Preferably, the spring includes a fixed part and a movable part. The fixed part is fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove on the side away from the center of the disc rake body. One end of the movable part is integrally bent and connected to the fixed part, and the other end can be tilted away from the bottom of the mounting groove and pressed onto multiple sets of elastic support members.

[0015] Preferably, both the fixed part and the movable part are made of any one of the following materials: polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0016] Preferably, the surface of the active part is provided with multiple micro-protrusions or multiple micro-grooves.

[0017] Preferably, each set of elastic support members includes multiple springs, which are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc rake body and have one end connected to the bottom of the mounting groove near the center of the disc rake body, and the other end connected to the plate surface of the spring near the mounting groove.

[0018] Preferably, a spring limiting assembly is also provided, the spring limiting assembly including a first limiting member and a second limiting member, the first limiting member being disposed on the bottom of the mounting groove near the center of the disc rake body; the second limiting member corresponding to the first limiting member and disposed on the plate surface of the spring piece near the mounting groove; the two ends of the spring are respectively limitingly connected to the first limiting member and the second limiting member.

[0019] Preferably, the first limiting member and the second limiting member are limiting protrusions and / or limiting grooves, and the ends of the two ends of the spring are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the limiting protrusion and / or inserted into the limiting groove.

[0020] Preferably, the outer periphery of the spring is fitted with a retractable protective sleeve or its outer surface is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. Possesses adaptive shrinkage and pop-out capabilities: The invention adopts a spring reset structure, which allows the spring piece to be automatically pressed into the installation groove and flush with the surface of the disc body when it enters the soil, avoiding obstruction of operation or wear and soil adhesion caused by protrusion; after being removed from the soil, it automatically pops out under the action of spring force, effectively getting rid of the attached soil, realizing an intelligent desorption mode of "hiding during operation and protruding during cleaning".

[0023] 2. Improved desorption efficiency and anti-adhesion performance: The spring sheet is made of low surface energy material. Utilizing its natural hydrophobicity and anti-adhesion properties, combined with the dynamic ejection structure, it greatly improves the efficiency of soil removal from the disc surface and significantly reduces clogging and load increase caused by soil adhesion.

[0024] 3. Avoiding the problems of complex structure and short service life: Compared with mechanical sludge scraping structure or surface coating type desludge removal method, the present invention has a simple structure, fewer parts, and the wear points are concentrated on the replaceable anti-sticking block, which is convenient for maintenance and has low maintenance cost, effectively avoiding problems such as easy peeling of coating and easy jamming of mechanical sludge scraping.

[0025] 4. Does not affect the strength and function of the disc harrow body: The spring and the mounting groove adopt a tight transition fit, and the spring is firmly installed between the mounting groove and the spring through the spring limiting component. The overall structure is stable and reliable, and does not affect the basic functions of the disc harrow body such as breaking soil and tilling. At the same time, it has good rotational balance and impact resistance.

[0026] 5. Applicable to a variety of complex soil environments: This invention is particularly suitable for high-adhesion environments such as heavy clay soil, saline-alkali land, and wet and slippery farmland. It exhibits significant desorption stability and operational continuity, especially in continuous deep loosening and high-humidity operations, reducing operation interruptions and cleaning time, and improving the overall efficiency of agricultural machinery operations. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA.

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section B.

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section C.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the spring clip provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the spring sheet structure provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a side view schematic diagram of the spring sheet structure provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the disc rake blade provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the DD section.

[0038] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of section E in the middle.

[0039] In the figure: 10-Disc rake body, 11-Mounting groove, 20-Elastic support, 30-Spring, 31-Fixing part, 32-Moving part, 40-First limiting part, 50-Second limiting part, 60-Counterhead bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-11 This invention discloses an adaptive anti-adhesion and desorption composite disc harrow, comprising a disc harrow body 10, multiple sets of elastic support members 20, and multiple spring plates 30. The disc harrow body 10 is a notched harrow, with at least one disc surface having 6-12 mounting grooves 11 evenly spaced circumferentially. If the disc harrow is a harrow with one concave side and the other convex side, the mounting groove 11 is at least located on its concave side because the concave side is more likely to adhere to soil. The size of the mounting groove 11 depends on the size of the disc harrow body 10. The disc harrow body 10 is made of 65Mn or other commonly used agricultural machinery metals, with a diameter ranging from 200 to 450 mm and a thickness ranging from 4 to 6 mm, to balance soil penetration depth and structural strength. The mounting groove 11 can be fan-shaped, and the width L1 of each mounting groove 11 along the circumference of the disc harrow body 10 is 15-30 mm, and the depth is 2-4 mm.

[0044] Multiple sets of elastic supports 20 correspond to multiple mounting slots 11. Each set of elastic supports 20 has one end fixed to the bottom of the mounting slot 11 near the center of the disc rake body 10. The spring piece 30 is shaped to fit the mounting slot 11, with one end hinged to the inner wall of the mounting slot 11 away from the center of the disc rake body 10, and the other end pressed against the other end of the corresponding elastic support 20. The elastic support 20 is located on the inner ring side because the outer edge of the rake enters the soil first during the soil entry stage. This allows the spring piece 30 to be smoothly pressed into the mounting slot under the pressure of the soil, thus preventing soil from entering the mounting slot 11 and affecting the pressing of the spring piece into the mounting slot, which would cause damage to the spring piece 30.

[0045] The thickness of the spring piece 30 is the same as the depth of the mounting groove 11. The dimensions of the spring piece 30 match the mounting groove 11 to achieve a transitional fit connection. Its thickness D is 2-4mm, so that when the spring piece 30 compresses the elastic support member 20 and is embedded in the mounting groove 11, its outer surface is almost flush with the surface of the disc harrow body 10. This allows it to share the load with the disc harrow, making it less prone to damage and reducing resistance during tillage.

[0046] When the elastic support 20 is extended in a free state, the end of the spring piece 30 near the center of the disc rake body 10 is 1-3mm higher than the surface of the disc. This not only helps to reduce the resistance during the soil entry stage, but also provides sufficient elastic stroke during the soil exit stage to allow surface attachments to fall off.

[0047] The bottom of the mounting slot 11 is provided with a displacement sensor mounting slot. A laser displacement sensor is installed in the displacement sensor mounting slot to monitor the reset stroke of the spring 30 in real time, thereby monitoring whether the spring 30 or the elastic support 20 can operate normally, which facilitates maintenance and replacement.

[0048] For details, see Figures 6-8 The spring piece 30 includes a fixed part 31 and a movable part 32. The fixed part 31 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove 11 on the side away from the center of the disc rake body 10 by multiple countersunk bolts 60. An elastic washer is placed between the countersunk bolts 60 and the fixed part 31, or a nylon lock nut is connected to the tail end of the countersunk bolts 60 to prevent loosening. One end of the movable part 32 is integrally bent and connected to the fixed part 31, and the other end can be inclined away from the bottom of the mounting groove 11 and pressed against multiple sets of elastic support members 20. The bent part can be deformed to form a hinge, so that the movable part 32 can rotate and fit into the mounting groove 11. The movable part 32 is transitionally fitted with the inner wall of the mounting groove 11, so that the spring piece 30 can be embedded under the pressure of the soil and ejected under the elastic force of the elastic support member 20, preventing soil or other impurities from entering the mounting groove 11 and affecting the rotation of the movable part 32.

[0049] More specifically, both the fixed part 31 and the movable part 32 are made of a low surface energy material selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEPM), with a surface energy ≤20mJ / m 2 It is wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and does not easily adhere to soil. In one specific embodiment, the spring pieces 30 in different mounting slots 11 can be made of the above-mentioned different materials, thereby achieving zonal optimization for various soil types.

[0050] Specifically, the surface of the active part 32 is provided with multiple biomimetic anti-adhesion micro-protrusions or micro-grooves. These biomimetic anti-adhesion micro-protrusions or micro-grooves are non-smooth structures that mimic the surface of organisms such as earthworms, dung beetles, and pangolins. This further reduces the actual effective contact area with the soil, divides the soil, provides peeling space, and improves the anti-adhesion and desorption effect.

[0051] For details, see Figure 5 Each set of elastic support members 20 includes multiple springs. These springs are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc rake body 10, with one end connected to the bottom of the mounting groove 11 near the center of the disc rake body 10, and the other end connected to the plate surface of the spring piece 30 near the mounting groove 11. The springs are made of stainless steel or alloy steel helical compression springs, and the material meets the fatigue performance requirements during operation; the free height is 5-15mm, and the stiffness coefficient is 30-90N / mm; 2-3 springs can be arranged circumferentially in each mounting groove 11 according to the area of ​​the spring piece 30, with the interval L2 between adjacent springs being 15-20mm, to ensure that the restoring force of the spring piece 30 is evenly distributed and to ensure the anti-sticking effect.

[0052] During use, the spring stiffness coefficient, pit size, and spring material can be designed according to soil viscosity, moisture content, and tillage depth to achieve optimal performance.

[0053] Specifically, a spring limiting assembly is also provided, comprising a first limiting member 40 and a second limiting member 50. The first limiting member 40 is disposed on the bottom of the mounting groove 11 near the center of the disc rake body 10. The second limiting member 50 corresponds to the first limiting member 40 and is disposed on the plate surface of the spring piece 30 near the mounting groove 11. The two ends of the spring are respectively limited and connected to the first limiting member 40 and the second limiting member 50. The first and second limiting members respectively limit the two ends of the spring, realizing the detachable positioning connection of the spring, which is easy to install, maintain and replace, and effectively prevents the spring from shifting and causing poor support, thus affecting the soil desorption effect.

[0054] For more details, see Figure 7 , Figures 9-11 The first limiting member 40 and the second limiting member 50 are limiting protrusions and / or limiting grooves. The ends of the spring are sleeved on the outer periphery of the limiting protrusions and / or inserted into the limiting grooves. Normally, when the first limiting member 40 is a limiting protrusion, the second limiting member 50 is a limiting groove; when the first limiting member 40 is a limiting groove, the second limiting member 50 is a limiting protrusion, so that when the spring is compressed, the limiting protrusion can be inserted into the limiting groove, and the spring piece fits as close as possible to the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0055] Specifically, a retractable protective sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the spring, or its outer surface is coated with an anti-corrosion coating to prevent soil particles from embedding inside the spring, affecting its expansion and contraction, and corroding the spring, thereby improving its durability.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] When the disc rake body 10 rotates and cuts into the soil, the soil exerts a reverse compressive force on the spring plate 30 pressed into the soil. The spring is compressed, and the spring plate 30 shrinks and embeds into the installation groove 11, forming a flat contact surface with the outer surface of the disc, thus avoiding force concentration. After the soil is removed, the spring returns to its original position, pushing the spring plate 30 to bounce up quickly. Relying on its low surface energy characteristics, it quickly detaches the attached wet and sticky soil, thereby significantly reducing the phenomenon of soil sticking to the disc.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0059] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake, characterized in that, The disc rake blade body (10) has at least one disc surface with a plurality of mounting grooves (11) evenly spaced around it. Multiple sets of elastic support members (20), each set of elastic support members (20) corresponds to multiple mounting slots (11), and one end of each set of elastic support members (20) is fixed to the bottom of the mounting slot (11) on the side close to the center of the disc rake body (10); The spring (30) is placed in the mounting groove (11) and its shape is adapted to the mounting groove (11). One end of the spring (30) is hinged to the inner side wall of the mounting groove (11) away from the center of the disc rake body (10), and the other end is pressed on the other end of the corresponding elastic support (20).

2. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the spring piece (30) is the same as the depth of the mounting groove (11).

3. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting slot (11) is fitted with a displacement sensor for monitoring the travel of the spring (30).

4. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring (30) includes a fixed part (31) and a movable part (32). The fixed part (31) is fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove (11) on the side away from the center of the disc rake body (10). One end of the movable part (32) is integrally bent and connected to the fixed part (31), and the other end can be tilted away from the bottom of the mounting groove (11) and pressed onto multiple sets of elastic support members (20).

5. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the fixed part (31) and the movable part (32) are made of any one of the following materials: polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer.

6. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface of the active part (32) is provided with multiple micro-protrusions or multiple micro-grooves.

7. An adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Each set of elastic support members (20) includes multiple springs. The multiple springs are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc rake body (10) and one end is connected to the bottom of the mounting groove (11) on the side near the center of the disc rake body (10), and the other end is connected to the plate surface of the spring piece (30) near the mounting groove (11).

8. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 7, characterized in that, A spring limiting assembly is also provided, which includes a first limiting member (40) and a second limiting member (50). The first limiting member (40) is disposed on the bottom of the mounting groove (11) near the center of the disc rake body (10). The second limiting member (50) corresponds to the first limiting member (40) and is disposed on the plate surface of the spring sheet (30) near the mounting groove (11). The two ends of the spring are respectively limited and connected to the first limiting member (40) and the second limiting member (50).

9. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first limiting member (40) and the second limiting member (50) are limiting protrusions and / or limiting grooves, and the ends of the two ends of the spring are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the limiting protrusion and / or inserted into the limiting groove.

10. The adaptive de-adhesion and desorption composite disc rake blade according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spring is fitted with a retractable protective sleeve on its outer periphery or its outer surface is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

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