Portable harvesting and seeding integrated machine

Abstract

The application discloses a portable harvesting and seeding integrated machine, which comprises a vehicle frame, wherein the vehicle frame is sequentially provided with a front auxiliary guide wheel, a first driving installation assembly, a seeding and discharging bin, a soil covering assembly and a rear power wheel along a traveling direction; the front auxiliary guide wheel is connected with an operating handle; the first driving installation assembly is connected with a harvester or a soil loosening plough; a rotating disc is arranged in the seeding and discharging bin, the rotating disc is connected with a second driver, a rotating disc is arranged in the seeding and discharging bin, the rotating disc is connected with a second driver, the outer periphery of the rotating disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of seed pockets, a discharging port is arranged at the top of the seeding and discharging bin, a storage hopper is arranged above the discharging port, and a discharging hole is arranged at the bottom of the seeding and discharging bin; the soil covering assembly is used for gathering the soil to the middle; the rear power wheel is connected with a third driver; and a supporting universal wheel is arranged on each side of the vehicle frame along the width direction. The application integrates the functions of harvesting and seeding, realizes the goal of one machine with multiple functions, is portable and flexible, has high efficiency, and has controllable preparation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural operation technology, specifically to a portable harvester and sower. Background Technology

[0002] Vegetable harvesting machinery has undergone a rapid development process, evolving from simple manual harvesting to single-operation implements, then to complete sets of implements, and finally from segmented implementation implements to combined implementation implements.

[0003] Although vegetable production and consumption are relatively high, the development of vegetable harvesting machinery and equipment started late and progressed slowly. Vegetable production mechanization is still in its initial stage, with a low level of development and uneven progress. Harvesting machinery is mainly for single-harvest operations. Research on most vegetable harvesting machinery is still in its early stages, precision seeding equipment technology is somewhat lagging, and there is almost no cultivation or harvesting machinery. Furthermore, the high labor demand, high production costs, and low production efficiency severely restrict farmers' enthusiasm for vegetable cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a portable harvester and sower that integrates harvesting and sowing functions, achieves the goal of multi-purpose use, and is lightweight, flexible, efficient and controllable in manufacturing cost.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a portable harvester and seeder, including a frame, wherein the frame is provided with a front auxiliary guide wheel, a first drive mounting assembly, a seeding and feeding bin, a soil covering assembly and a rear power wheel in sequence along the direction of travel; The front auxiliary guide wheel is connected to the operating handle and is used for travel guidance; The first drive mounting component is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow and is used to drive the harvester to harvest vegetables or to fix the position of the loosening plow. The seeding and feeding hopper is equipped with a turntable, which is connected to the second driver. Holes are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the turntable. A material discharge port is provided at the top of the seeding and feeding hopper, a material storage funnel is provided above the material discharge port, and a material discharge hole is provided at the bottom of the seeding and feeding hopper. The soil covering component is used to gather the soil towards the center. The rear drive wheel is connected to the third drive unit; The frame is equipped with casters on both sides along its width.

[0006] Furthermore, a steering driven shaft is provided on the front auxiliary guide wheel. The steering driven shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through two first bearing seats. One end of the operating handle is connected to the steering drive shaft through a universal joint. The steering drive shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through a second bearing seat. The steering driven shaft and the steering drive shaft are connected by a first belt drive assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the first drive mounting assembly includes an angle adjustment motor and a harvesting motor. The harvesting motor is fixed on the upper part of the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft is connected to the frame through a third bearing seat. A first gear is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the hollow shaft. The angle adjustment motor is connected to a second gear. The first gear and the second gear are meshed together. The bottom of the hollow shaft is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow.

[0008] Furthermore, the harvester includes a blade holder connected to the bottom of a hollow shaft, a transverse track is provided on the blade holder, an L-shaped harvesting blade is provided on the transverse track, and the harvesting motor drives the L-shaped harvesting blade to reciprocate on the transverse track.

[0009] Furthermore, the L-shaped harvester blade has a groove at its top, and an eccentric wheel is installed inside the groove. The eccentric wheel is connected to the harvester motor, and the harvester motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the L-shaped harvester blade to reciprocate by abutting against the inner wall of the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the L-shaped harvester includes a sliding plate and a blade, the sliding plate being locked on a transverse track, and the blade being locked on the sliding plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the soil covering component includes two L-shaped planar baffles, which are arranged at an angle with their larger ends facing the front auxiliary guide wheel and a clearance gap between their smaller ends.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the two L-shaped flat baffles is provided with a bending locking plate at its top, and the upper part of the two L-shaped flat baffles near the bending locking plate is fixed by a bending connector.

[0013] Furthermore, the second and third drivers are replaced by a dual-axis output motor. One end of the output shaft of the dual-axis output motor drives the rear power wheel through the second belt drive assembly, and the other end drives the turntable to rotate through the third belt drive assembly. The turntable has an anti-rotation hole at its center, and the turntable is fitted onto the anti-rotation shaft through the anti-rotation hole. The anti-rotation shaft is connected to the third belt drive assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, a controller is provided on the operating handle.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Multifunctional: Through simple replacement, it can integrate harvesting and sowing functions into one design, with a wide operating range; Specifically, the harvesting and sowing mechanisms are cleverly assembled on the same frame, allowing harvesting and sowing to work together without interference. The harvesting blade can be replaced with a loosening plow to assist in sowing tasks, and the sowing turntable can be quickly replaced, enabling multiple replacement options to adapt to different sowing products and sowing densities.

[0016] 2. High efficiency: Through continuous operation driven by motor and remote control, it liberates labor while improving production efficiency; Specifically, the seeder's forward movement, harvesting, and sowing are all driven by electric motors, minimizing labor costs. The control module is integrated into the operating handle, allowing for remote control of the cutter's direction. Operation is simple and easy to learn, and experiments have proven that the seeder's working efficiency is 10 times that of manual labor.

[0017] 3. High cost-effectiveness: The low cost of the products makes them both efficient and affordable. Specifically, the overall cost of the vehicle is relatively low, making it affordable and suitable for a wide range of individual farmers. It offers both harvesting and sowing functions at a low price, significantly reducing labor costs.

[0018] 4. Simple structure: The materials are readily available and easy to replace and maintain yourself.

[0019] Specifically, the harvester and planter consists of a control board, several batteries, and three motors. The overall frame is constructed using an aluminum alloy truss, and some parts can be 3D printed. The materials are readily available and easy to replace and maintain. The vehicle adopts a simplified design, with the main structure being mechanical, making it simple and reliable to operate.

[0020] Portable and compact overall structure: compact structure, light weight, suitable for various terrains.

[0021] Specifically, it can easily fit into the trunk of a regular car, tricycle, or pickup truck, making it convenient for individual farmers to load and unload to their workplaces. The rear wheels are equipped with dual-spring shock-absorbing auxiliary swivel wheels, enhancing vehicle stability and making it suitable for various complex road surfaces, significantly reducing the difficulty of single-person operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A front view structural diagram; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure for sowing and feeding according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the harvester part of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the harvester of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the soil covering component structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the portable harvester and seeder of the present invention includes a frame 1, and the frame is provided with a front auxiliary guide wheel 2, a first drive mounting assembly 3, a seeding and feeding bin 4, a soil covering assembly 5 and a rear power wheel 6 in sequence along the direction of travel.

[0025] The aforementioned front auxiliary guide wheel is connected to the operating handle 7 for guiding movement. By controlling the operating handle, the front auxiliary guide wheel is rotated left or right, thereby controlling the direction of movement. A controller is installed on the operating handle to control the first drive mounting assembly, the feeding bin, and the rear drive wheel, providing convenient and reliable control. The first drive mounting assembly is connected to the harvester 8 or the loosening plow. The harvester is used to drive the harvester to harvest vegetables, and the loosening plow is used to fix its position. The loosening plow is an existing structure; only an adapter connecting it to the first drive mounting assembly needs to be designed into the existing structure, and it is not shown in the attached drawings. The rear drive wheel is connected to the third drive unit, which provides power.

[0026] In operation, the rear drive wheel provides forward propulsion, and the operator controls the direction of movement via a handle. When harvesting is required, the harvester is mounted on the first drive assembly, which drives the harvester to cut the vegetables. During this process, because the vehicle needs to move alongside the vegetables, the harvester needs to protrude from the side of the vehicle to cut them. However, to ensure safety when not harvesting vegetables, the first drive assembly can also retract the harvester under the frame, eliminating the protruding design. When sowing is needed, the harvester is removed from the first drive assembly, and then the loosening plow is installed in its place. Driven by the rear power wheel, the machine moves and the loosening plow loosens the soil and forms furrows under the frame. As it continues to move, the seeding hopper places the seeds into the furrows according to the moving speed. During the subsequent movement, the covering assembly can gather the soil towards the center, that is, the covering assembly pushes the soil on both sides of the furrow back into the furrow. At the same time, during the movement, the rear power wheel will also push the soil back into the furrow to compact it. No manual intervention is required in this process.

[0027] If the vehicle is supported only by the front auxiliary guide wheel and the rear power wheel during driving, it will tip over. Therefore, support casters 14 are provided on both sides of the frame along the width direction. The support casters provide effective support on both sides to prevent tipping and make control more convenient.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned seeding and feeding hopper is equipped with a turntable 9, which is connected to a second drive. Hole compartments 10 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the turntable. A discharge port 11 is located at the top of the seeding and feeding hopper, and a storage funnel 12 is located above the discharge port. A discharge hole 13 is located at the bottom of the seeding and feeding hopper. Seeds are directly piled in the storage funnel and enter the discharge port from the bottom of the storage funnel. The seeds accumulate in the discharge port. As the turntable rotates, when a hole compartment moves to the discharge port, seeds fall into the hole compartment. Once the space inside the hole compartment is filled, no more seeds can enter. As the hole compartment rotates, it carries the seeds towards the discharge hole. When the hole compartment aligns with the discharge hole, the seeds automatically fall out of the vehicle due to their own weight, achieving the effect of automatic seeding and spreading.

[0029] Based on the above structure, this application also discloses a structure that facilitates seed sowing spacing. The second and third drivers are replaced by a dual-axis output motor 39. One end of the output shaft of the dual-axis output motor drives the rear drive wheel via a second belt drive assembly 40, and the other end drives the turntable to rotate via a third belt drive assembly 41. When the dual-axis output motor rotates, it can synchronously drive the turntable and the rear drive wheel to rotate, thus automatically sowing seeds during movement. By controlling the rotation speed, the sowing spacing can be effectively controlled.

[0030] Different seeds require different sowing amounts, so an anti-rotation hole 42 is provided in the center of the turntable. The turntable is fitted onto the anti-rotation shaft 43 through the anti-rotation hole. The anti-rotation shaft is connected to the third belt drive assembly. The turntable is not locked to the anti-rotation shaft. The axial and radial positions of the turntable are limited by the sowing and feeding bin, while the circumferential position is limited by the anti-rotation shaft. The anti-rotation shaft can drive the turntable to rotate. Therefore, when the turntable needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to disassemble the sowing and feeding bin for plugging and unplugging replacement.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, to facilitate directional control, an effective design is implemented: a steering driven shaft 15 is mounted on the front auxiliary guide wheel. This driven shaft is connected to the vehicle frame via two first bearing seats 16. One end of the operating handle is connected to the steering drive shaft 18 via a universal joint 17. The steering drive shaft is connected to the vehicle frame via a second bearing seat 19. The steering driven shaft and the steering drive shaft are connected via a first belt drive assembly 20. The universal joint allows the operating handle to adjust and rotate the steering drive shaft at any angle. The rotation of the steering drive shaft drives the steering driven shaft to rotate synchronously and in the same direction via the first belt drive assembly, ensuring convenient and reliable operation.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this application discloses a harvesting drive structure. Specifically, the first drive mounting assembly includes an angle adjustment motor 21 and a harvesting motor 22. The harvesting motor is fixed to the upper part of a hollow shaft 23, which is connected to the frame via a third bearing seat 24. A first gear 25 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the hollow shaft. The angle adjustment motor is connected to a second gear 26, and the first and second gears mesh with each other. The bottom of the hollow shaft is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow. The angle adjustment motor rotates, driving the first and second gears to rotate. The second gear drives the hollow shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the harvester to rotate. When not in use, the harvester rotates and retracts; when in use, it extends. When a loosening plow is installed, the angle adjustment motor uses a self-locking mechanism to prevent the first gear from rotating, meaning the second gear and the hollow shaft also do not rotate. This ensures the loosening plow faces the direction of travel and plows the land stably.

[0033] Based on the aforementioned harvesting needs, this application discloses a reciprocating harvesting method, wherein the harvester includes a blade holder 27 connected to the bottom of a hollow shaft, a transverse track 28 is provided on the blade holder, and an L-shaped harvesting blade 30 is provided on the transverse track. A harvesting motor drives the L-shaped harvesting blade to reciprocate on the transverse track. A groove 31 is provided on the top of the L-shaped harvesting blade, and an eccentric wheel 32 is provided in the groove. The eccentric wheel is connected to the harvesting motor, and the harvesting motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the L-shaped harvesting blade to reciprocate by abutting against the inner wall of the groove.

[0034] The aforementioned harvesting motor rotates, driving an eccentric wheel to rotate. This rotation of the eccentric wheel applies force in one direction, pressing against the inner wall of the groove. Along the guide direction of the transverse track, the force propels the movement after contact on one side. When the eccentric wheel rotates to the other side, the direction of the force changes, and the direction of movement also changes, thus achieving a reciprocating motion. The L-shaped harvester blade is designed to include a sliding plate 34 and a blade 35. The sliding plate is locked to the transverse track, and the blade is locked to the sliding plate. When the blade is damaged, it can be easily removed from the sliding plate, making operation convenient.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 As shown, soil covering is also extremely important during the sowing process. Therefore, the soil covering component is designed to include two L-shaped flat baffles 36. The two L-shaped flat baffles are set at an angle, with the larger end facing the front auxiliary guide wheel and a clearance gap between the smaller ends. The soil brought out by the loosening plow is squeezed and gathered towards the smaller end by the two L-shaped flat baffles, resulting in good soil covering effect. Furthermore, the gathered position is located at the rear drive wheel, allowing for immediate compaction. Each of the two L-shaped flat baffles has a bent locking plate 37 at its top. The upper part of the two L-shaped flat baffles near the bent locking plate is fixed by a bent connector 38, effectively improving the overall strength and facilitating installation.

[0036] A lithium battery is also installed on the aforementioned frame to power the motor.

[0037] The harvester-seeder described in this application is mainly used for harvesting leafy vegetables. To prevent damage to the vegetables during harvesting, a single-blade reciprocating cutting method is adopted. Experimental tests show that excessively high motor speeds can cause machine resonance, unstable operation, and secondary cutting of vegetables. Conversely, excessively low speeds can result in uneven cut surfaces or difficulty in cutting roots and stems. Therefore, a 330 RPM 12V DC motor is selected as the cutting power source, ensuring stable operation of the harvester while maintaining neat and flat vegetable cut surfaces even at low speeds. During harvesting, considering the actual situation, the target vegetables need to be located on the left or right side of the harvester. When not harvesting, the cutter blade must be retracted to avoid injuring the operator. A reversing device is added to the cutting mechanism, using a 12V servo motor as the power source, with an Arduino development board controlling the servo motor's rotation angle.

[0038] The design of the sowing mechanism mainly involves designing the sowing execution mechanism and the sowing transmission system. The sowing process requires three steps: loosening the soil, sowing seeds, and covering the seeds with soil. Loosening the soil is accomplished by a soil-loosening plow mounted at the cutter position. Sowing is carried by a turntable using gravity to bring the seeds from the hopper to the seed outlet. Finally, the soil is covered by a covering frame, and the rear wheels compact the soil. The turntable can be changed to accommodate different seeds and sowing densities. This design simplifies the transmission system of the sowing system, combining the power sources of the sowing system and the rear wheel drive system. A 12V dual-shaft motor drives the rotation of the seed hopper and the rear wheels via belt drives.

[0039] The aforementioned solutions address the pain points faced by private farmers, such as small farmland, complex working environments, inaccessibility of large agricultural machinery, and difficulties in replacement and maintenance. The resulting product is a portable, compact, simple-structured, easy-to-operate, and affordable multi-functional harvester and sower.

[0040] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable harvester and seeder, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a frame, which is provided in sequence along the direction of travel with a front auxiliary guide wheel, a first drive mounting assembly, a seeding and feeding bin, a soil covering assembly, and a rear drive wheel; The front auxiliary guide wheel is connected to the operating handle and is used for travel guidance; The first drive mounting component is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow and is used to drive the harvester to harvest vegetables or to fix the position of the loosening plow. The seeding and feeding hopper is equipped with a turntable, which is connected to the second driver. Holes are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the turntable. A material discharge port is provided at the top of the seeding and feeding hopper, a material storage funnel is provided above the material discharge port, and a material discharge hole is provided at the bottom of the seeding and feeding hopper. The soil covering component is used to gather the soil towards the center. The rear drive wheel is connected to the third drive unit; The frame is equipped with casters on both sides along its width. The first drive mounting assembly includes an angle adjustment motor and a harvesting motor. The harvesting motor is fixed on the upper part of the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft is connected to the frame through a third bearing seat. A first gear is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the hollow shaft. The angle adjustment motor is connected to a second gear. The first gear and the second gear are meshed together. The bottom of the hollow shaft is connected to a harvester or a loosening plow. The harvester includes a blade holder connected to the bottom of a hollow shaft. A transverse track is provided on the blade holder, and an L-shaped harvesting blade is provided on the transverse track. The harvesting motor drives the L-shaped harvesting blade to reciprocate on the transverse track. The L-shaped harvester has a groove at the top, and an eccentric wheel is installed in the groove. The eccentric wheel is connected to the harvester motor, and the harvester motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel drives the L-shaped harvester to reciprocate by abutting against the inner wall of the groove. The L-shaped harvester includes a sliding plate and a blade. The sliding plate is locked on a transverse track, and the blade is locked on the sliding plate.

2. The portable harvester and seeder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front auxiliary guide wheel is provided with a steering driven shaft, which is connected to the vehicle frame through two first bearing seats. One end of the operating handle is connected to the steering drive shaft through a universal joint. The steering drive shaft is connected to the vehicle frame through a second bearing seat. The steering driven shaft and the steering drive shaft are connected by a first belt drive assembly.

3. The portable harvester and seeder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering component includes two L-shaped flat baffles, which are arranged at an included angle with their larger ends facing the front auxiliary guide wheel and a clearance gap between their smaller ends.

4. The portable harvester and seeder as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both L-shaped flat baffles are provided with bending locking plates at their tops, and the upper parts of the two L-shaped flat baffles near the bending locking plates are fixed by bending connectors.

5. The portable harvester and seeder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second and third drivers are replaced by a dual-axis output motor. One end of the output shaft of the dual-axis output motor drives the rear power wheel through the second belt drive assembly, and the other end drives the turntable to rotate through the third belt drive assembly. The turntable has an anti-rotation hole at its center, and the turntable is fitted onto the anti-rotation shaft through the anti-rotation hole. The anti-rotation shaft is connected to the third belt drive assembly.

6. The portable harvester and seeder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The operating handle is equipped with a controller.

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