Crankshaft polishing apparatus and polishing method

Abstract

The application provides a crankshaft polishing device and polishing method, and relates to the field of crankshaft polishing.The device comprises a shell, a crankshaft and a polishing mechanism.Adjusting assemblies for clamping and rotating the crankshaft are arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the shell.A moving assembly for driving the polishing mechanism to move horizontally and longitudinally is arranged on the inner wall of the top of the shell.The polishing mechanism comprises a driving part, a polishing part, a fixing sleeve and a counterweight part.The upper end of the driving part is connected with the moving assembly, and the lower end of the driving part is connected with the polishing part.Two groups of the driving part and the polishing part are symmetrically arranged.The horizontal moving assembly, the longitudinal moving assembly and the polishing mechanism cooperate with each other, so that different positions of the crankshaft can be polished, the use range of the device is greatly increased, the polishing equipment of other polishing processes does not need to be additionally arranged, and the production cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crankshaft polishing technology, and more particularly to a crankshaft polishing device and polishing method. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is the most important component in an engine. It bears the force transmitted from the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is then output through the crankshaft to drive other accessories on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined effects of centrifugal force from the rotating mass, periodically changing gas inertial force, and reciprocating inertial force, resulting in bending and torsional loads. Therefore, the crankshaft requires sufficient strength and rigidity, and its shaft diameter surface must be wear-resistant, have uniform operation, and good balance. After the crankshaft is formed, it needs to be polished to ensure that its dimensions meet certain precision requirements.

[0003] Existing technologies include polishing crankshafts using abrasive belts or grinding wheels. For example, Chinese patent document CN111941172A discloses a grinding machine for simultaneous processing of multiple crankshafts. This machine uses a grinding wheel at the crankshaft connecting rod journal. After the crankshaft rotates, the grinding wheel grinds the crankshaft connecting rod journal. However, this polishing method only grinds the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft and cannot grind the rest of the crankshaft. Additional polishing processes are required, which greatly reduces production efficiency. Therefore, this invention proposes a crankshaft polishing device and polishing method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a crankshaft polishing device and polishing method. This crankshaft polishing device, through the cooperation of a transverse moving component, a longitudinal moving component, and a polishing mechanism, can polish different positions of the crankshaft, greatly increasing the application range of the device. It eliminates the need for additional polishing equipment with other polishing processes, significantly reducing production costs.

[0005] To achieve the objective of this invention, the invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a crankshaft polishing device, comprising a housing, a crankshaft, and a polishing mechanism, wherein the inner walls on both sides of the housing are provided with adjustment components for clamping and rotating the crankshaft, and the inner wall at the top of the housing is provided with a moving component for driving the polishing mechanism to move laterally and longitudinally; The polishing mechanism includes a driving unit, a polishing unit, a fixed sleeve, and a counterweight unit. The upper end of the driving unit is connected to the moving component, and the lower end of the driving unit is connected to the polishing unit. The driving unit and the polishing unit are symmetrically arranged in two sets. The two sets of polishing units are connected by a detachable fixed sleeve. A counterweight unit can also be detachably installed on the fixed sleeve. The polishing section includes a mounting base, locking pins, rotating shafts, fixed shafts, horizontal bars, vertical bars, and a polishing belt. Two sets of mounting bases are provided, one above the other. The locking pins are fixedly mounted on the end faces of the mounting bases. Fixed shafts are symmetrically mounted on the inner sides of both sets of mounting bases. Rotating shafts are rotatably mounted at both ends of the fixed shafts, and the ends of the rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the mounting bases. A drive source for rotating the rotating shafts is provided inside the fixed shafts. Two sets of horizontal bars are provided, each located between the left and right symmetrical fixed shafts. One set of vertical bars is provided, located between the upper and lower symmetrical fixed shafts. A support spring is provided at the middle end of the vertical bar. The polishing belt is sleeved on the rotating shafts and rotated by the rotating shafts.

[0006] A further improvement is that the end face of the locking post is provided with a groove, and the side wall of the locking post is provided with a slot.

[0007] A further improvement is that the fixing sleeve includes a fixing block, a connecting spring, and a first retaining plate. Two sets of fixing blocks are symmetrically arranged, and the two sets of fixing blocks are connected by a connecting spring. The fixing block is also provided with a first retaining plate that is adapted to the retaining groove. The central axis of the fixing block is aligned with the central axis of the groove.

[0008] A further improvement is that the counterweight part includes a counterweight ball and a screw. The screw is fixed on the counterweight ball, and a threaded groove is provided at the center of the fixing block. The counterweight ball is connected to the fixing block through the screw and the threaded groove, and one end of the screw is screwed into the groove.

[0009] A further improvement is that the driving unit includes a connecting block, a first motor, and a locking seat. The upper end of the connecting block is connected to the moving component, and the lower end of the connecting block is fixed with the first motor. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the locking seat.

[0010] A further improvement is that the locking seat includes a locking post, a second locking plate, and an electric push rod. One end of the locking post is connected to a first motor, and the other end of the locking post is fixed with a second locking plate that matches the locking groove. An electric push rod is also provided at the center of the lower end of the locking post. When the output end of the electric push rod extends, it is locked into the groove.

[0011] A further improvement is made in that: the adjustment assembly includes a drive seat, a three-jaw chuck, and a hydraulic cylinder. Two sets of drive seats are symmetrically arranged. One end of one set of drive seats is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the housing. A hydraulic cylinder is provided on the inner wall of the other side of the housing. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the drive seat. A three-jaw chuck is provided on the inner side of the drive seat. The crankshaft is clamped between the two sets of three-jaw chucks.

[0012] A further improvement is that the moving component includes a transverse component and a longitudinal component. The transverse component includes a first threaded rod, a guide rod, and a second motor. The first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing. The outer wall of the housing is provided with a second motor that drives the first threaded rod to rotate. A guide rod is provided on one side of the first threaded rod.

[0013] A further improvement is made in that: the longitudinal movement assembly includes a movable seat, a second threaded rod, a third threaded rod, and a third motor. The top of the movable seat is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod and slidably connected to the guide rod. The second threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the movable seat, and a third threaded rod is provided on one side of the second threaded rod. Two sets of third motors are provided on the outer wall of the movable seat. The two sets of third motors drive the second threaded rod and the third threaded rod to rotate respectively. The second threaded rod and the third threaded rod are threadedly connected to a set of connecting blocks respectively. The top of the connecting blocks is slidably connected to the bottom of the movable seat.

[0014] The polishing method of the above-mentioned crankshaft polishing equipment includes the following steps; S1. Crankshaft positioning: One end of the crankshaft is clamped by a three-jaw chuck, and the other end is moved to the crankshaft end by a hydraulic cylinder, and then clamped by a three-jaw chuck, thereby positioning crankshafts of different lengths. S2. Determine the polishing mode: the method used to polish the connecting rod journal is designated as the first mode, the method used to polish the main journal is designated as the second mode, and the method used to polish the side wall of the crank is designated as the third mode. S3. Polishing in the first mode: The transverse component moves the polishing mechanism to the connecting rod journal, and the longitudinal component drives the polishing mechanism to move, so that the two polishing parts are close to each other, so that the polishing strip and the connecting rod journal form an angle, and the angle should be less than 130°. At the same time, the support spring on the vertical rod is compressed synchronously. Then, the upper and lower ends of the two polishing parts are connected and fixed by the fixing sleeve, and the counterweight is installed. Then, the drive part is separated from the polishing part. Then, the longitudinal component moves the drive part to both sides. At this time, the drive seat drives the crankshaft to rotate, and the two polishing parts rotate on the connecting rod journal by centrifugal force, thereby polishing the connecting rod journal. To ensure the stable polishing of the connecting rod journal, the crankshaft rotation speed should be controlled at 60 r / min. S4. Polishing in the second mode: The transverse component moves the polishing mechanism to the main journal, and the longitudinal component drives the polishing mechanism to move, so that the two polishing parts are close to each other, so that the polishing belt and the main journal form an angle. At the same time, the support spring on the vertical rod is compressed synchronously. Then the drive seat drives the crankshaft to rotate, so that the polishing belt polishes the entire main journal while the crankshaft is rotating. S5, the third mode of polishing: the transverse component and the longitudinal component move the polishing mechanism to the position between the two sets of cranks. Then, the drive unit drives the polishing unit to rotate 90°. At this time, the polishing belt faces the side wall of the crank. Then, the moving component drives the polishing belt to fit against the crank wall. Then, by starting the drive source on the fixed shaft, the polishing belt is rotated to polish the crank wall. When polishing the surface of the crank, it is only necessary to adjust the polishing belt to be parallel to the polishing surface, and then cooperate with the drive seat to rotate the crankshaft to polish the crank surface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By cooperating with the transverse component, the longitudinal component, and the polishing mechanism, this invention can polish different positions of the crankshaft, greatly increasing the scope of application of this device. It eliminates the need for additional polishing equipment for other polishing processes, significantly reducing production costs. At the same time, the device has a simple and compact structure, further reducing equipment costs and facilitating its widespread use. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of polishing under the first mode of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of polishing under the second mode of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of polishing under the third mode of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing section in the first mode of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive unit of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the polishing belt of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the polishing belt of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing sleeve of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the crankshaft structure of the present invention.

[0026] The components are as follows: 1. Housing; 2. Crankshaft; 3. Drive unit; 4. Polishing unit; 5. Fixing sleeve; 6. Mounting seat; 7. Locking pin; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Fixing shaft; 10. Horizontal bar; 11. Vertical bar; 12. Polishing belt; 13. Support spring; 14. Groove; 15. Slot; 16. Fixing block; 17. Connecting spring; 18. First clamping plate; 19. Counterweight ball; 20. Screw; 21. Threaded groove; 22. Connecting block; 23. First motor; 24. Clamping seat; 25. Clamping pin; 26. Second clamping plate; 27. Electric push rod; 28. Drive seat; 29. ​​Three-jaw chuck; 30. Hydraulic cylinder; 31. First threaded rod; 32. Guide rod; 33. Second motor; 34. Moving seat; 35. Second threaded rod; 36. Third threaded rod; 37. Third motor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] according to Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment proposes a crankshaft polishing device, including a housing 1, a crankshaft 2 and a polishing mechanism. The inner walls on both sides of the housing 1 are provided with adjustment components for clamping and rotating the crankshaft 2, and the inner wall at the top of the housing 1 is provided with a moving component for driving the polishing mechanism to move laterally and longitudinally. The polishing mechanism includes a drive unit 3, a polishing unit 4, a fixing sleeve 5, and a counterweight. The upper end of the drive unit 3 is connected to the moving component, and the lower end of the drive unit 3 is connected to the polishing unit 4. The drive unit 3 and the polishing unit 4 are symmetrically arranged in two sets, and the two sets of polishing units 4 are connected by a detachable fixing sleeve 5. A counterweight can also be detachably installed on the fixing sleeve 5. The drive unit is used to adjust the shape of the polishing unit, the fixed sleeve 5 is used to connect the two sets of polishing units, and the counterweight is designed to change the dynamic balance between the upper and lower parts of the two sets of polishing units. When subjected to centrifugal force, it can rotate accordingly. The polishing section 4 includes a mounting base 6, a locking post 7, a rotating shaft 8, a fixed shaft 9, a horizontal bar 10, a vertical bar 11, and a polishing belt 12. The mounting base 6 has two sets of components, one vertically and one horizontally. The locking post 7 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the mounting base 6. Fixed shafts 9 are symmetrically mounted on the inner sides of both sets of mounting bases 6. Rotating shafts 8 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the fixed shafts 9. The ends of the rotating shafts 8 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting base 6. A drive source for rotating the rotating shafts 8 is provided inside the fixed shafts 9. Two sets of horizontal bars 10 are provided, located between the left and right symmetrical fixed shafts 9. One set of vertical bars 11 is located between the upper and lower symmetrical fixed shafts 9. A support spring 13 is provided at the middle end of the vertical bar 11. The polishing belt 12 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 8 and rotated by the rotating shaft 8.

[0029] This device is equipped with two sets of mounting bases 6, one above the other, and a rotating shaft 8 on each set of mounting bases 6. The rotating shaft 8 supports the polishing belt 12. The device is also equipped with a fixed shaft 9, which is used to drive the rotating shaft 8 and, together with the horizontal bar 10 and the vertical bar 11, further supports the rotating shaft 8 and the polishing belt 12. The middle end of the vertical bar 11 adopts the elastic design of the support spring 13, which allows the polishing belt 12 to form an angle with the polishing surface by compression during polishing, thereby increasing the contact area. At the same time, to ensure the stable operation of this device, the total elastic potential energy of the support springs 13 on the two polishing parts 4 is much greater than the overall weight of the polishing mechanism.

[0030] The locking post 7 has a groove 14 on its end face and a slot 15 on its side wall.

[0031] The fixing sleeve 5 includes a fixing block 16, a connecting spring 17 and a first retaining plate 18. Two sets of fixing blocks 16 are symmetrically arranged, and the two sets of fixing blocks 16 are connected by the connecting spring 17. The fixing block 16 is also provided with a first retaining plate 18 that is adapted to the retaining groove 15. The central axis of the fixing block 16 is aligned with the central axis of the groove 14.

[0032] By stretching the connecting spring 17, the first locking plate 18 can be inserted into the slot 15, and then the elastic potential energy of the connecting spring 17 pulls the two sets of fixing blocks 16 to tightly hold the locking post 7.

[0033] The counterweight part includes a counterweight ball 19 and a screw 20. The screw 20 is fixed on the counterweight ball 19. A threaded groove 21 is provided at the center of the fixing block 16. The counterweight ball 19 is connected to the fixing block 16 through the screw 20 and the threaded groove 21. One end of the screw 20 is screwed into the groove 14.

[0034] When the counterweight is installed, the counterweight ball 19 is screwed into the threaded groove 21 through the screw 20, and at the same time, the screw end of the screw 20 is inserted into the groove 14 to form a limit, which further increases the fixing effect of the fixing sleeve 5.

[0035] The drive unit 3 includes a connecting block 22, a first motor 23, and a locking seat 24. The upper end of the connecting block 22 is connected to the moving component, and the lower end of the connecting block 22 is fixed with the first motor 23. The output end of the first motor 23 is fixedly connected to the locking seat 24.

[0036] The locking seat 24 includes a locking post 25, a second locking plate 26, and an electric push rod 27. One end of the locking post 25 is connected to the first motor 23, and the other end of the locking post 25 is fixed with a second locking plate 26 that is adapted to the locking groove 15. An electric push rod 27 is also provided at the center of the lower end of the locking post 25. When the output end of the electric push rod 27 extends out, it is locked into the groove 14.

[0037] Between the locking seat 24 and the locking post 7, the second locking plate 26 is inserted into the locking groove 15, and then the electric push rod 27 is activated. One end of the electric push rod 27 is inserted into the groove 14 to form a limit, thereby making the locking seat 24 and the locking post 7 tightly connected. Then, the first motor 23 drives the locking seat 24 to rotate, thereby driving the polishing part 4 to rotate, thereby adjusting the position of the polishing belt 12, and thus performing polishing in different modes.

[0038] The adjustment assembly includes a drive seat 28, a three-jaw chuck 29, and a hydraulic cylinder 30. Two sets of drive seats 28 are symmetrically arranged. One end of one set of drive seats 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the housing 1. The hydraulic cylinder 30 is provided on the inner wall of the other side of the housing 1. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the drive seat 28. The inner side of the drive seat 28 is provided with a three-jaw chuck 29. The crankshaft 2 is clamped between the two sets of three-jaw chucks 29.

[0039] By clamping one end of the crankshaft 2 with a three-jaw chuck 29 and moving the other end of the crankshaft 2 to the end of the crankshaft 2 by pushing the drive seat 28 through the hydraulic cylinder 30, and then clamping it with the three-jaw chuck 29, crankshafts 2 of different lengths can be positioned.

[0040] The moving component includes a lateral moving component and a longitudinal moving component. The lateral moving component includes a first threaded rod 31, a guide rod 32, and a second motor 33. The first threaded rod 31 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The outer wall of the housing 1 is provided with a second motor 33 that drives the first threaded rod 31 to rotate. A guide rod 32 is provided on one side of the first threaded rod 31.

[0041] The longitudinal movement assembly includes a movable seat 34, a second threaded rod 35, a third threaded rod 36, and a third motor 37. The top of the movable seat 34 is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod 31 and slidably connected to the guide rod 32. The second threaded rod 35 is rotatably mounted on the movable seat 34, and the third threaded rod 36 is provided on one side of the second threaded rod 35. Two sets of third motors 37 are provided on the outer wall of the movable seat 34. The two sets of third motors 37 drive the second threaded rod 35 and the third threaded rod 36 to rotate respectively. The second threaded rod 35 and the third threaded rod 36 are threadedly connected to a set of connecting blocks 22 respectively. The top of the connecting blocks 22 is slidably connected to the bottom of the movable seat 34.

[0042] By activating the second motor 33, the second motor 33 drives the first threaded rod 31 to rotate, thereby driving the entire longitudinal movement assembly to move laterally, and in turn driving the polishing mechanism installed below the longitudinal movement assembly to move laterally. By activating the third motor 37, the third motor 37 drives the second threaded rod 35 or the third threaded rod 36 to rotate, thereby adjusting the longitudinal movement of the polishing mechanism. At the same time, the second threaded rod 35 and the third threaded rod 36 are adjusted respectively, so that the polishing part 4 can be adjusted in position as needed, thereby adapting to different polishing modes.

[0043] The polishing method of the crankshaft polishing equipment includes the following steps; S1. The positioning of crankshaft 2 is achieved by clamping one end of crankshaft 2 with a three-jaw chuck 29 and moving the other end of crankshaft 2 to the end of crankshaft 2 by pushing the drive seat 28 with a hydraulic cylinder 30, and then clamping it with the three-jaw chuck 29, thereby positioning crankshaft 2 of different lengths. S2. Determine the polishing mode: the method used to polish the connecting rod journal is designated as the first mode, the method used to polish the main journal is designated as the second mode, and the method used to polish the side wall of the crank is designated as the third mode. S3. Polishing in the first mode: The transverse component moves the polishing mechanism to the connecting rod journal, and the longitudinal component drives the polishing mechanism to move, so that the two polishing parts 4 are close to each other, so that the polishing belt 12 and the connecting rod journal form an angle, and the angle should be less than 130°. At the same time, the support spring 13 on the vertical rod 11 is compressed synchronously. Then, the upper and lower ends of the two polishing parts 4 are connected and fixed by the fixing sleeve 5, and the counterweight is installed. Then, the drive part 3 is separated from the polishing part 4. Then, the longitudinal component moves the drive part 3 to both sides. At this time, the drive seat 28 drives the crankshaft 2 to rotate, and the two polishing parts 4 rotate on the connecting rod journal by centrifugal force, thereby polishing the connecting rod journal. To ensure the stable polishing of the connecting rod journal, the rotation speed of the crankshaft 2 should be controlled at 60 r / min. S4. Polishing in the second mode: The transverse component moves the polishing mechanism to the main journal, and the longitudinal component drives the polishing mechanism to move, so that the two polishing parts 4 are close to each other, so that the polishing belt 12 and the main journal form an angle. At the same time, the support spring 13 on the vertical rod 11 is compressed synchronously. Then the drive seat 28 drives the crankshaft 2 to rotate, so that the polishing belt 12 polishes the entire main journal while the crankshaft 2 rotates. S5. Polishing in the third mode: The transverse component, in conjunction with the longitudinal component, moves the polishing mechanism to the position between the two sets of cranks. Then, the drive unit 3 drives the polishing unit 4 to rotate 90°. At this time, the polishing belt 12 faces the side wall of the crank. Then, the moving component drives the polishing belt 12 to fit against the crank wall. Then, by starting the drive source on the fixed shaft 9, the polishing belt 12 is rotated to polish the crank wall. When polishing the surface of the crank, it is only necessary to adjust the polishing belt 12 to be parallel to the polishing surface, and then cooperate with the drive seat 28 to rotate the crankshaft 2 to polish the crank surface.

Claims

1. A crankshaft polishing device, comprising a housing (1), a crankshaft (2), and a polishing mechanism, characterized in that: The inner walls on both sides of the housing (1) are provided with adjustment components for clamping and rotating the crankshaft (2), and the inner wall at the top of the housing (1) is provided with a moving component for driving the polishing mechanism to move horizontally and vertically. The polishing mechanism includes a drive unit (3), a polishing unit (4), a fixed sleeve (5), and a counterweight. The upper end of the drive unit (3) is connected to the moving component, and the lower end of the drive unit (3) is connected to the polishing unit (4). The drive unit (3) and the polishing unit (4) are symmetrically arranged in two sets. The two sets of polishing units (4) are connected by a detachable fixed sleeve (5). A counterweight can also be detachably installed on the fixed sleeve (5). The polishing section (4) includes a mounting base (6), a locking pin (7), a rotating shaft (8), a fixed shaft (9), a horizontal bar (10), a vertical bar (11), and a polishing belt (12). The mounting base (6) is provided with two sets of mounting bases, and the locking pin (7) is fixedly set on the end face of the mounting base (6). Fixed shafts (9) are symmetrically installed on the inner side of both sets of mounting bases (6). Rotating shafts (8) are rotatably installed at both ends of the fixed shafts (9). The ends of the rotating shafts (8) rotate with the inner wall of the mounting base (6). The fixed shaft (9) is equipped with a drive source for driving the rotating shaft (8) to rotate. The crossbar (10) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of crossbars (10) are respectively located between the left and right symmetrical fixed shafts (9). The vertical bar (11) is provided in one set, and the vertical bar (11) is located between the upper and lower symmetrical fixed shafts (9). The middle end of the vertical bar (11) is provided with a support spring (13). The polishing belt (12) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (8) and the polishing belt (12) is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft (8). The end face of the locking post (7) is provided with a groove (14), and the side wall of the locking post (7) is provided with a slot (15). The drive unit (3) includes a connecting block (22), a first motor (23) and a locking seat (24). The lower end of the connecting block (22) is fixed with the first motor (23). The output end of the first motor (23) is fixedly connected to the locking seat (24). The locking seat (24) includes a locking post (25), a second locking plate (26) and an electric push rod (27). One end of the locking post (25) is connected to the first motor (23). The other end of the locking post (25) is fixed with a second locking plate (26) that is compatible with the locking groove (15). An electric push rod (27) is also provided at the center of the lower end of the locking post (25). When the output end of the electric push rod (27) extends out, it is locked into the groove (14). The moving component includes a transverse component and a longitudinal component. The transverse component includes a first threaded rod (31), a guide rod (32), and a second motor (33). The first threaded rod (31) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (1). A guide rod (32) is provided on one side of the first threaded rod (31). A second motor (33) that drives the first threaded rod (31) to rotate is provided on the outer wall of the housing (1). The longitudinal movement assembly includes a movable seat (34), a second threaded rod (35), a third threaded rod (36), and a third motor (37). The top of the movable seat (34) is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod (31) and slidably connected to the guide rod (32). The second threaded rod (35) is rotatably mounted on the movable seat (34). The third threaded rod (36) is provided on one side of the second threaded rod (35). The second threaded rod (35) and the third threaded rod (36) are threadedly connected to a set of connecting blocks (22). The top of the connecting blocks (22) is slidably connected to the bottom of the movable seat (34). Two sets of third motors (37) are provided on the outer wall of the movable seat (34). The two sets of third motors (37) drive the second threaded rod (35) and the third threaded rod (36) to rotate respectively.

2. The crankshaft polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (5) includes a fixing block (16), a connecting spring (17) and a first locking plate (18). The fixing blocks (16) are symmetrically arranged in two sets, and the two sets of fixing blocks (16) are connected by the connecting spring (17). The fixing block (16) is also provided with a first locking plate (18) that is adapted to the slot (15). The central axis of the fixing block (16) is aligned with the central axis of the groove (14).

3. The crankshaft polishing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterweight part includes a counterweight ball (19) and a screw (20). The screw (20) is fixed on the counterweight ball (19). A threaded groove (21) is provided at the center of the fixing block (16). The counterweight ball (19) is connected to the fixing block (16) through the screw (20) and the threaded groove (21). One end of the screw (20) is screwed into the groove (14).

4. The crankshaft polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a drive seat (28), a three-jaw chuck (29), and a hydraulic cylinder (30). The drive seat (28) is symmetrically arranged in two sets. One end of the drive seat (28) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the housing (1). The hydraulic cylinder (30) is provided on the inner wall of the other side of the housing (1). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the drive seat (28). The inner side of the drive seat (28) is provided with a three-jaw chuck (29). The crankshaft (2) is clamped between the two sets of three-jaw chucks (29).

5. A polishing method for a crankshaft polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Positioning of crankshaft (2): One end of crankshaft (2) is clamped by a three-jaw chuck (29), and the other end is moved to the end of crankshaft (2) by a hydraulic cylinder (30) pushing the drive seat (28) to the end of crankshaft (2), and then clamped by the three-jaw chuck (29), thereby positioning crankshafts (2) of different lengths; S2. Determine the polishing mode: the method used to polish the connecting rod journal is designated as the first mode, the method used to polish the main journal is designated as the second mode, and the method used to polish the side wall of the crank is designated as the third mode. S3. Polishing in the first mode: The transverse component moves the polishing mechanism to the connecting rod journal, and the longitudinal component drives the polishing mechanism to move, so that the two polishing parts (4) are close to each other, so that the polishing strip (12) and the connecting rod journal form an angle, and the angle should be less than 130°. At the same time, the support spring (13) on the vertical rod (11) is compressed synchronously. Then, the upper and lower ends of the two polishing parts (4) are connected and fixed by the fixing sleeve (5), and the counterweight is installed. Then, the drive part (3) is separated from the polishing part (4). Then, the drive part (3) is moved to both sides by the longitudinal component. At this time, the drive seat (28) drives the crankshaft (2) to rotate, and the two polishing parts (4) rotate on the connecting rod journal by centrifugal force, thereby polishing the connecting rod journal. In order to ensure the stable progress of the polishing of the connecting rod journal, the rotation speed of the crankshaft (2) should be controlled at 60r / min. S4. Polishing in the second mode: the transverse component moves the polishing mechanism to the main journal, and the longitudinal component drives the polishing mechanism to move, so that the two polishing parts (4) are close to each other, so that the polishing belt (12) and the main journal form an angle. At the same time, the support spring (13) on the vertical rod (11) is compressed synchronously. Then the drive seat (28) drives the crankshaft (2) to rotate, so that the polishing belt (12) polishes the entire main journal while the crankshaft (2) rotates. S5. Polishing in the third mode: The horizontal moving component and the vertical moving component move the polishing mechanism to the position between the two sets of cranks. Then, the drive unit (3) drives the polishing unit (4) to rotate 90°. At this time, the polishing belt (12) faces the side wall of the crank. Then, the moving component drives the polishing belt (12) to fit against the crank wall. Then, by starting the drive source on the fixed shaft (9), the polishing belt (12) is rotated to polish the crank wall. When polishing the surface of the crank, it is only necessary to adjust the polishing belt (12) to be parallel to the polishing surface, and then cooperate with the drive seat (28) to rotate the crankshaft (2) to polish the crank surface.

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