Efficient intensive sludge fermentation system

Abstract

The application relates to the environmental protection technical field, and particularly discloses a high-efficiency intensive sludge fermentation system which comprises a fermentation bin and a workshop, the workshop is divided into several layers, the top layer is a pretreatment workshop, the middle layers are culture workshops, the culture workshops culture black soldier flies, and the bottom layer is an integrated workshop; the fermentation bin is provided with a plurality of fermentation bins which are uniformly distributed and closely surrounded at the periphery of the workshop, the plurality of fermentation bins work in cycles, each fermentation bin independently ferments, and a second discharging pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged between the culture workshop and each fermentation bin. The sludge is placed in different fermentation bins for closed and stacked fermentation after being spaced for one day, sludge fermented well can be fed into the culture workshop every day, the plurality of fermentation bins are uniformly distributed and closely surrounded at the periphery of the workshop, the space position is small, and the waste sand produced by the culture of the black soldier flies in the culture workshop is utilized in the fermentation of the sludge, so that no system waste is produced and discharged, and the purpose of cost reduction and benefit increase is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection technology, specifically to a highly efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, the volume of urban domestic sewage treatment has been increasing, resulting in a sharp increase in the amount of sludge. Existing sludge treatment methods mainly include landfill, composting, natural drying, and incineration. Landfilling primarily involves dewatering the sludge through mechanical filtration or thermal treatment, then transporting the dewatered sludge to designated locations for landfilling. This method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and short cycle. Composting involves applying the harmlessly treated sludge to farmland or gardens to improve poor soil quality and achieve resource utilization. Incineration mainly involves placing dewatered sludge in an incinerator for aerobic combustion, carbonizing most of the organic matter in the sludge, significantly reducing its volume. Harmful bacteria in the sludge are completely killed through incineration, ultimately yielding stable ash. Currently, these four treatment methods account for 65%, 15%, 6%, and 3% respectively. It can be seen that landfill is still the main method of sludge treatment. In addition, the treatment capacity of urban sewage treatment enterprises is insufficient and the treatment methods are outdated. A large amount of sludge has not been treated in a standardized manner, which directly causes "secondary pollution" and poses a serious threat to the ecological environment.

[0003] To avoid secondary pollution, sludge is fermented to form compost, turning waste into a valuable resource without causing secondary pollution. Sludge compost has broad application prospects in landscaping, forest utilization, soil remediation and improvement, agricultural fertilizers, and other fields. Existing sludge fermentation methods include windrow and trough fermentation. Windrow fermentation involves piling pre-treated sludge into long windrows, periodically turning them to maintain an aerobic environment, promoting microbial growth and reproduction, as well as the decomposition and transformation of organic matter. Windrow fermentation is a type of flat fermentation, requiring a large space. Trough fermentation involves filling pre-treated sludge into fermentation tanks and introducing microbial inoculants. The tanks are typically rectangular or square, requiring sufficient depth and width to ensure adequate material and oxygen supply during fermentation. These requirements also necessitate a relatively large footprint for trough fermentation equipment. Therefore, existing sludge fermentation methods require a large area, leading to longer transportation routes for raw materials and finished products, increased transportation time, and reduced production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system to solve the problems of large land area, low land utilization, and low automation in existing sludge fermentation methods, as well as the solid waste generated from the cultivation of black soldier fly larvae from kitchen waste, in addition to protein products. This patent enables integrated production, achieving "waste input, full product output." At the same time, the use of concrete structures to build fermentation chambers and black soldier fly cultivation workshops can effectively reduce fixed asset investment and reduce the cost of maintenance of the chambers, thus achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0005] To address the above issues, the following technical solution is provided:

[0006] A highly efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system includes fermentation chambers and workshops. The workshops are divided into several layers, with the top layer being a pretreatment workshop, the middle layers being cultivation workshops where black soldier flies are cultivated, and the bottom layer being an integrated workshop. Several fermentation chambers are constructed of concrete, and the number of chambers is greater than or equal to the number of days required for sludge fermentation. These chambers are evenly distributed and tightly enclosed around the workshop, forming the outer wall. The chambers operate in a cyclical manner, with each chamber fermenting independently. The pretreatment workshop's outlet is connected to the inlet of each fermentation chamber via different first discharge pipes. A second discharge pipe and an air outlet pipe connect the cultivation workshop to each fermentation chamber. A pump is installed on the second discharge pipe within the cultivation workshop. A third discharge pipe connects to the bottom of each fermentation chamber, and all the third discharge pipes of the fermentation chambers are connected to a common discharge pipe, which connects to the integrated workshop at the bottom. All pumps in the fermentation chambers are connected to a controller.

[0007] The basic principle of the above scheme is as follows: the collected sludge is first placed in the pretreatment workshop for pretreatment and then placed in the fermentation chamber. The sludge ferments in the fermentation chamber. The time interval between placing sludge in adjacent fermentation chambers is 1 day. This ensures that the sludge in one fermentation chamber is fermented every day. The kitchen waste is put into the cultivation workshop as food for raising black soldier fly eggs and larvae. The insect sand produced by raising black soldier flies in the cultivation workshop is put into the fermentation chamber through the second discharge pipe as part of the raw material for sludge fermentation. The controller will control the start of the pump in the fermentation chamber where the sludge has been fermented. The pump will pump the fermented sludge (that is, sludge compost) to the integration workshop, where it is packaged and shipped out.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Compared with flat-lay fermentation or trough fermentation, this technical solution places the sludge into different fermentation chambers one day apart for closed and stacked fermentation. This not only ensures that fermented sludge is produced from the fermentation chambers every day, but also saves space because several fermentation chambers are evenly distributed and closely surround the workshop. Furthermore, one side of the fermentation chamber serves as the workshop's outer wall, saving workshop preparation materials and reducing the cost of chamber maintenance, thereby saving costs. In addition, the fermentation chambers surround the workshop, so the distance from different fermentation chambers to the integrated workshop for discharge and to the pretreatment workshop for retrieval is the same, which not only saves time and improves transportation efficiency, but also reduces transportation costs.

[0009] Furthermore, each fermentation chamber is connected to a negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipe at its top. All the negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipes in the fermentation chambers extend out of the fermentation chambers and are connected to a common gas pipe. The common gas pipe is connected to a vacuum pump, which is connected to a controller. The vacuum pump is suspended in the integrated workshop. Several fermentation chambers closely surround the outside of the cultivation workshop, thus isolating the cultivation workshop from the outside.

[0010] The controller activates the vacuum pump, placing the fermentation chamber under negative pressure. The exhaust pipe draws waste gas from the cultivation workshop into the fermentation chamber. This waste gas, along with other waste gas generated within the fermentation chamber itself, flows into the negative pressure waste gas collection pipe. The waste gas in the collection pipe then accumulates in the main gas pipe, which transports it to the integrated workshop for treatment, preventing the spread of harmful gases. Furthermore, the close enclosure of several fermentation chambers around the cultivation workshop isolates it from the outside environment, preventing harmful gases generated in the cultivation workshop from entering the atmosphere.

[0011] Furthermore, the integrated workshop is surrounded by a corridor, and a gas collection chamber is located outside the corridor. A vacuum pump is installed inside the gas collection chamber so that the gas extracted by the vacuum pump is retained in the gas collection chamber. The gas collection chamber contains a microbial deodorizing agent, which is one or more of the following: Alcaligenes faecalis deodorizing agent, lactic acid bacteria deodorizing agent, Bacillus subtilis deodorizing agent, Bacillus megaterium deodorizing agent, and yeast deodorizing agent.

[0012] The gas extracted by the vacuum pump is concentrated in the gas collection chamber. The microbial deodorizer placed in the gas collection chamber can achieve the effect of gas deodorization by utilizing the metabolic activities of microorganisms.

[0013] Furthermore, each fermentation chamber is equipped with an air compressor outside, which continuously supplies high-pressure air into the fermentation chamber.

[0014] By introducing high-pressure air into the sludge tank, the sludge is turned over, and the sludge undergoes self-compression, causing the water in the sludge to be released and the sludge to dry out.

[0015] Furthermore, each fermentation chamber is equipped with a high-pressure water pump on its exterior, which can spray alkaline solution for microorganisms into the fermentation chamber.

[0016] An alkaline liquid for microbial use was sprayed into the sludge, causing a large number of microorganisms to be generated in the sludge. As the activity of the sludge microorganisms increased, the fermentation efficiency of the sludge was greatly improved.

[0017] Furthermore, the fermentation chamber is a vertically arranged silo, with a stirring rod in the center inside the fermentation chamber. The stirring rod is equipped with spiral stirring blades, and the bottom end of the stirring rod penetrates through the bottom of the fermentation chamber and extends into the corridor. A motor is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod that extends into the corridor.

[0018] A motor-driven spiral agitator stirs the sludge fermenting in the fermentation chamber, ensuring oxygen supply and removing moisture from the sludge while lowering the temperature of the fermentation process. Several independent silos are closely connected, further reducing the footprint and shortening the transport path for raw materials and finished products, thus effectively saving energy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a frontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sludge fermentation system.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top-view cross-sectional diagram of the sludge fermentation system.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of the fermentation chamber.

[0022] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: fermentation chamber 1, pretreatment workshop 2, cultivation workshop 3, integration workshop 4, oxygen pipe 5, oxygen delivery pump 6, first discharge pipe 7, second discharge pipe 8, gas outlet pipe 9, material pump 10, third discharge pipe 11, main discharge pipe 12, negative pressure waste gas collection pipe 13, main gas pipe 14, vacuum pump 15, gas collection chamber 16, stirring rod 17, spiral stirring blade 18, motor 19, air compressor 20, high pressure water pump 21, corridor 22. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0024] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-2 As shown:

[0025] A highly efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fermentation chamber 1 and a workshop. The fermentation chamber 1 is made of concrete and is a vertically arranged silo. The workshop is divided into five layers. The top layer is the pretreatment workshop 2, the middle three layers are the cultivation workshops 3, the cultivation workshops 3 cultivate black soldier flies, and the bottom layer is the integration workshop 4.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, there are 24 fermentation chambers 1, and the sludge fermentation period is 21 days. The 24 fermentation chambers 1 are evenly distributed and tightly enclosed around the cultivation workshop 3, forming the outer wall of the workshop. The 24 fermentation chambers 1 tightly enclose the three-layer cultivation workshop 3, isolating the cultivation workshop 3 from the outside. An oxygen pipe 5 is installed from top to bottom from the pretreatment workshop 2 to the cultivation workshop 3. The top of the oxygen pipe extends out of the top of the pretreatment workshop 2 and is connected to an oxygen delivery pump 6, which is used to deliver oxygen to the cultivation workshop 3. The 24 fermentation chambers 1 work in a cycle, and each fermentation chamber 1 ferments independently. The top pretreatment workshop 2 has several discharge ports on its exterior. These discharge ports are connected to the inlets of different fermentation chambers 1 through different first discharge pipes 7. A second discharge pipe 8 and an air outlet pipe 9 are provided between the cultivation workshop 3 and each fermentation chamber 1. A suction pump 10 is installed on the second discharge pipe 8 and is placed inside the cultivation workshop 3. Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of fermentation chamber 1 is connected to a third discharge pipe 11, and all the third discharge pipes 11 of fermentation chamber 1 are connected to a main discharge pipe 12. The main discharge pipe 12 is connected to the integrated workshop 3 at the bottom, and all the pumps 10 are connected to a controller (not shown in the figure).

[0027] Each fermentation chamber 1 is connected to a negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipe 13 at its top. All the negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipes 13 in the fermentation chambers 1 extend out of the fermentation chambers 1 and are connected to a common gas pipe 14. The common gas pipe 14 is connected to a vacuum pump 15, which is electrically connected to a controller. The vacuum pump 15 is suspended outside the lowest integrated workshop 4. The integrated workshop 4 has a corridor 22 around its perimeter. A gas collection chamber 16 is located on the left side of the corridor 22. The vacuum pump 15 is placed inside the gas collection chamber 16 so that the gas extracted by the vacuum pump 15 is retained in the gas collection chamber 16. The gas collection chamber 16 contains a microbial deodorizing agent, which is a combination of Alcaligenes faecalis deodorizer and lactic acid bacteria deodorizer. The gas collection chamber 16 is connected to a sealed treatment tank containing alkaline or acidic reagents. The exhaust gas is treated using adsorption. An outlet is located at the end of the sealed treatment tank, with a flow divider and gas composition detector at the front. A branch pipe at the end of the outlet connects the gas collection chamber to the outdoor space. A booster pump is installed in the pipe connecting to the gas collection chamber for the recirculation of substandard exhaust gas. A pipe connecting to the outdoor space discharges compliant exhaust gas into the atmosphere. A passageway door connects the interior of corridor 22 to the integration workshop 4. The integration workshop 4 contains staircases leading to the cultivation workshop 3 and the pretreatment workshop 2.

[0028] A stirring rod 17 is provided in the center of the fermentation chamber 1. The stirring rod is equipped with a spiral stirring blade 18. The bottom end of the stirring rod 17 extends through the bottom of the fermentation chamber 1 to the gas collection chamber 16. A motor 19 is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod 17 that extends into the gas collection chamber 16. The motor 19 is electrically connected to the controller. The 24 motors at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 1 are controlled by 24 control buttons on the controller.

[0029] Each fermentation chamber 1 is equipped with an air compressor 20 on the outside. The air compressor 20 continuously supplies air into the fermentation chamber 1 and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0030] Each fermentation chamber 1 is equipped with a high-pressure water pump 21 on the outside. The high-pressure water pump 21 can spray alkaline liquid for microorganisms into the fermentation chamber 1. The high-pressure water pump 21 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0031] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0032] The collected sludge is first fed into the pretreatment workshop 2 for mixing and pretreatment. The pretreated sludge is then pumped to different fermentation chambers 1 through the first discharge pipe. The sludge is placed in the 21 adjacent fermentation chambers 1 at 1-day intervals, and the sludge fermentation takes 21 days. The remaining 3 fermentation chambers 1 are reserved for backup. The sludge is fermented in the fermentation chambers 1, which ensures that the sludge in one of the fermentation chambers 1 is fermented every day. As sludge enters the fermentation chamber, the controller activates the air compressor 20 to continuously supply air into the fermentation chamber 1, compressing and drying the sludge. The high-pressure water pump 21 sprays ammonia solution into the fermentation chamber 1. Simultaneously, the controller operates the bottom motor 19 of the fermentation chamber 1 containing sludge, driving the spiral agitator 18 to stir the sludge. Black soldier fly eggs and larvae are cultured in the cultivation workshop 3. Kitchen waste is added to the cultivation workshop 3 as food for the black soldier fly eggs and larvae. The oxygen delivery pump 6 operates, supplying oxygen to the cultivation workshop 3 through the oxygen pipe 5. The insect sand produced during the cultivation of black soldier flies is removed by the extraction pump 10. The sludge is pumped into fermentation chamber 1 through the second discharge pipe 8. The insect sand can serve as part of the raw material for sludge fermentation. Simultaneously, the controller activates vacuum pump 15, putting fermentation chamber 1 under negative pressure. The exhaust pipe 9 draws the waste gas generated in cultivation workshop 3 into fermentation chamber 1. The waste gas drawn into fermentation chamber 1, along with the waste gas generated in fermentation chamber 1 itself, flows into negative pressure waste gas collection pipe 13. The waste gas in negative pressure waste gas collection pipe 13 collects in main gas pipe 14, which then transports the gas to gas collection chamber 16 in the integrated workshop. Gas collection chamber 16 contains microbial deodorizing agents to treat harmful gases and prevent their spread. The fermented sludge (i.e., sludge compost) in fermentation chamber 1 is then transported out through the third discharge pipe 11, and then conveyed by a screw conveyor to main discharge pipe 12. From main discharge pipe 12, it is pumped to integrated workshop 4, where it is packaged and sold.

[0033] This system features 24 fermentation chambers 1 tightly surrounding the cultivation workshop 3, isolating the workshop from the outside and preventing harmful gases generated within from entering the atmosphere. The fermentation system places sludge into different fermentation chambers at daily intervals for closed, stacked fermentation. This ensures a daily output of fermented sludge from each chamber. Furthermore, the evenly distributed and tightly surrounding chambers minimize space usage, saving land. The enclosure of the workshop also ensures that almost identical sludge (i.e., compost) is transported to the integrated workshop, shortening the sludge collection distance, improving transportation efficiency, and reducing costs. Additionally, the placement of the cultivation chambers 1 around the black soldier fly cultivation workshop 3 allows for the convenient use of insect waste from black soldier fly cultivation in the sludge fermentation process, eliminating system waste generation and discharge, thus achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0034] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system, comprising a fermentation chamber and a workshop, characterized in that: The workshop is divided into several layers. The top layer is the pretreatment workshop, the middle layers are all cultivation workshops where black soldier flies are cultivated, and the bottom layer is the integration workshop. There are several fermentation chambers, which are made of concrete. The number of fermentation chambers is greater than or equal to the number of days of sludge fermentation. The fermentation chambers are evenly distributed and tightly enclosed around the workshop to form the outer wall of the workshop. The fermentation chambers work in a cycle, and each fermentation chamber ferments independently. The discharge port of the pretreatment workshop is connected to the inlet of different fermentation chambers through different first discharge pipes. There are second discharge pipes and air outlets between the cultivation workshop and each fermentation chamber. The second discharge pipes are equipped with a pump, which is placed in the cultivation workshop. The bottom of the fermentation chamber is connected to a third discharge pipe. All the third discharge pipes of the fermentation chambers are connected to a main discharge pipe, which is connected to the integration workshop at the bottom. All the pumps in the fermentation chambers are connected to a controller.

2. The efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each fermentation chamber is connected to a negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipe at its top. All the negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipes in the fermentation chambers extend out of the fermentation chambers and are connected to a common gas pipe. The common gas pipe is connected to a vacuum pump, which is connected to a controller. The vacuum pump is suspended in the integrated workshop. Several fermentation chambers are closely surrounding the outside of the cultivation workshop, thus isolating the cultivation workshop from the outside.

3. The efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated workshop is surrounded by a corridor, and a gas collection chamber is located outside the corridor. A vacuum pump is installed in the gas collection chamber so that the gas extracted by the vacuum pump is retained in the gas collection chamber. The gas collection chamber contains a microbial deodorizing agent, which is one or more of the following: Alcaligenes faecalis deodorizing agent, lactic acid bacteria deodorizing agent, Bacillus subtilis deodorizing agent, Bacillus megaterium deodorizing agent, and yeast deodorizing agent.

4. The efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each fermentation chamber is equipped with an air compressor on the outside, which continuously supplies high-pressure air into the fermentation chamber.

5. The efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each fermentation chamber is equipped with a high-pressure water pump on the outside, which can spray alkaline liquid for microorganisms into the fermentation chamber.

6. The efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermentation chamber is a vertically arranged silo. A stirring rod is located in the center of the fermentation chamber. The stirring rod is equipped with spiral stirring blades. The bottom end of the stirring rod passes through the bottom of the fermentation chamber and extends into the corridor. A motor is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod that extends into the corridor.

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