Portable broad bean picking device and picking method thereof
Through the coordinated design of the rotary cutting tool and the centering and guiding mechanism, the efficient and automated separation of broad beans from the plant stems is achieved, which solves the problems of high labor intensity and mechanical damage in the existing technology of broad bean harvesting, improves harvesting efficiency and reduces the rate of missed harvesting.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 四川工程职业技术大学
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, broad bean harvesting is labor-intensive, has high labor costs, and low harvesting efficiency. Furthermore, existing mechanized equipment is unable to achieve efficient and automated separation of broad beans from the plant stems, resulting in high missed harvesting rates and mechanical damage.
The design employs a synergistic approach of rotary cutting blade and centering guide mechanism, including rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism and steel wire centering guide mechanism. The rotary cutting blade cuts broad beans and the elastic steel wire guide mechanism adapts to plants with different growth postures and sizes. Combined with a handheld operation design, it achieves non-destructive and efficient separation of broad beans from plant stems.
It achieves efficient and automated separation of broad beans from plant stems, reduces missed harvesting rate and mechanical damage, alleviates the labor intensity of operators, and improves harvesting efficiency, providing a labor-saving and low-damage harvesting solution for small and medium-sized broad bean cultivation.
Smart Images
Figure CN120391192B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a portable broad bean harvesting device and its harvesting method. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the main method for small-scale broad bean harvesting is manual harvesting, where harvesters manually peel the broad beans from the stems one by one. This method has prominent problems such as high labor intensity, high labor costs, and low harvesting efficiency.
[0003] Existing mechanized solutions still have the following significant limitations: First, the technical solution provided by Chinese patent CN213280699U, "A Broad Bean Harvesting Device," uses a crankshaft sinusoidal motion to lift the broad bean branches, with hooks on the rotating shaft catching the branches and laying them down into a collection box. However, it lacks a pod-peeling structure and cannot separate the broad beans from the stems, requiring manual harvesting and separation, which is labor-intensive. Second, the technical solution provided by Chinese patent CN211322090U, "A Self-Propelled Broad Bean Harvester," uses a simple harvesting structure consisting of a conveyor belt, a flat plate, and rollers. However, it is difficult to adapt to the uncertainties of the varying growth postures and sizes of broad bean plants, resulting in a high damage rate and a high rate of missed harvesting.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a portable harvesting device that can reduce the labor intensity of manual harvesting and improve harvesting efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a portable broad bean harvesting device and method. Through the innovative synergy of a rotary cutting tool and a centering guide mechanism, it achieves efficient and non-destructive separation of broad beans from the plant stem, solving the problems of traditional manual harvesting and the inability of existing equipment to automate pod removal. Its elastic guide mechanism adapts to broad bean plants of different growth postures and sizes, significantly reducing missed harvesting rates and mechanical damage. The handheld operation design allows the operator to maintain a natural upright posture, effectively reducing labor intensity and avoiding strain caused by prolonged bending. The overall structure is lightweight and flexible, greatly improving harvesting efficiency and providing a labor-saving and low-damage harvesting solution for small- and medium-scale broad bean cultivation.
[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a portable broad bean harvesting device, comprising a rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism and a steel wire centering and guiding mechanism; The rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism includes a hollow rotary cutting gear with a circumferential radial notch, the rotary cutting gear is connected to a rotary cutting tool, and a driving gear is externally meshed with the rotary cutting gear; the rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism also includes a suspension support structure, the suspension support structure includes arc tracks disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the rotary cutting gear, and the arc tracks are each provided with multiple universal ball bearings; The wire centering and guiding mechanism includes multiple elastic steel wires arranged around the rotation center of the rotary cutting tool and a radial opening and closing mechanism that drives the elastic steel wires to open and close radially.
[0007] Alternatively, the radial tensioning mechanism may be connected to a lever via a drawstring, the lever being equipped with a handle for controlling the drawstring.
[0008] Alternatively, there are two drive gears, and their installation positions satisfy the following: when either drive gear moves to the notch area of the rotary cutting gear, the other drive gear always remains engaged with the rotary cutting gear; a gear shaft is provided at the center of each of the two drive gears, and the gear shafts of the two drive gears are connected to a synchronous pulley, and the synchronous pulley achieves transmission by meshing with a synchronous belt.
[0009] Alternatively, the elastic steel wire may be convexly bent towards the center of rotation of the rotary cutting tool to hold the stem of the broad bean plant tightly.
[0010] Alternatively, the radial tensioning mechanism may include an upper radial tensioning mechanism and a lower radial tensioning mechanism; The upper radial tensioning mechanism includes an upper support plate and a lower support plate. Both the upper and lower support plates are hollow structures with radial notches in the same direction around the circumference. The upper end of the elastic steel wire is fixed to the upper support plate. The two elastic steel wires located on both sides of the notch are tensionable elastic steel wires, and each tensionable elastic steel wire is provided with a radial movement mechanism. The lower radial tensioning mechanism includes a wire puller, which is a hollow structure with a circumferential radial notch. The lower end of the elastic wire is fixed to the wire puller. Two pull rods are symmetrically connected to the lower end of the wire puller. Each pull rod has a spiral groove, and each spiral groove is engaged with a fixing pin. The fixing pin slides with the spiral groove. A fixing sleeve is sleeved over the lower part of each pull rod. A pull plate is connected to the bottom of the pull rod. The lower end of the fixing sleeve abuts against the pull plate, and the pull plate is connected to the pull wire. A flat-head compression spring is sleeved over the upper part of the pull rod. The upper end of the flat-head compression spring abuts against the wire puller, and the lower end abuts against the fixing sleeve.
[0011] Alternatively, the radial movement mechanism includes a crank, a sector gear, and a rack. The pull cable is connected to the crank, and a connecting rod is connected to the lower end of the crank. The connecting rod is connected to the pull plate via the pull cable. The crank drives the sector gear, which meshes with the rack. The rack is connected to the upper end of the tensionable elastic steel wire. A compression spring is provided at the front end of the rack, which is used to push the rack to move radially, thereby causing the elastic steel wire to return to its radial position.
[0012] Alternatively, the rotary gear transmission mechanism is disposed between the upper support plate and the lower support plate, and is supported by the floating support structure.
[0013] Alternatively, a collection box is provided around the outer periphery of the lower support plate, and the collection box has a circumferential radial notch at the corresponding position of the notch in the lower support plate; a movable baffle is provided at the notch of the collection box, the movable baffle is hinged to the collection box, and the movable baffle is connected to the pull line.
[0014] Alternatively, both the upper support plate and the lower support plate have through holes at corresponding positions on the gear shaft, through which the gear shaft passes to fix the drive gear; at least one gear shaft is connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, a power supply is provided on the outside of the collection box, and the stepper motor is connected to the power supply.
[0015] A harvesting method using a portable broad bean harvesting device includes the following steps: S1. Hold the joystick and control the harvesting device to approach the base of the broad bean plant stem; S2. Grip the handle firmly and pull the cable to open the movable baffle and elastic steel wire, allowing the plant stem to enter the steel wire centering guide mechanism. S3. Release the handle, the elastic steel wire retracts radially, and at the same time the movable baffle closes, locking the plant in the steel wire centering and guiding mechanism; S4. Start the stepper motor to make the rotary cutting tool rotate; S5. Use the rotary cutter to cut the broad beans from bottom to top along the plant. The broad beans will fall into the collection box. After harvesting, squeeze the handle again to expand the elastic wire and release the plant.
[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a portable broad bean harvesting device and method that achieves non-destructive and efficient separation of broad beans from the plant stem through the innovative synergy of a rotary cutting blade and a centering guide mechanism. This solves the problems of traditional manual harvesting and the inability of existing equipment to automatically peel off the pods. Its elastic guide mechanism can adapt to broad bean plants of different growth postures and sizes, significantly reducing the rate of missed harvests and mechanical damage. The handheld operation design allows the operator to maintain a natural upright posture, effectively reducing labor intensity and avoiding fatigue caused by prolonged bending. The overall structure is lightweight and flexible, greatly improving harvesting efficiency and providing a labor-saving and low-damage harvesting solution for small and medium-sized broad bean cultivation. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the front part of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary gear transmission device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire centering and guiding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the wire guide mechanism. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the opening and closing principle of the lower radial tensioning mechanism using steel wire. In the diagram, the markings are: 1-Stepper motor; 2-Rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism; 21-Rotary cutting cutter; 22-Rotary cutting gear; 23-Driving gear; 24-Gear shaft; 25-Synchronous belt; 26-Suspension support structure; 261-Universal ball bearing; 262-Circular arc track; 27-Synchronous belt pulley; 3-Wire centering and guiding mechanism; 31-Upper radial opening and closing mechanism; 311-Upper support plate; 312-Lower support plate; 313-Radial movement mechanism; 3131-Rack; 3132 - Sector gear; 3133 Crank; 3134 Compression spring; 32 Elastic steel wire; 321 Tensile elastic steel wire; 33 Lower radial tensioning mechanism; 331 Steel wire pull plate; 332 Pull rod; 3321 Flat-head compression spring; 3322 Spiral groove; 3323 Fixing pin; 3324 Fixing sleeve; 333 Pull plate; 34 Connecting rod; 4 Collection box; 5 Movable baffle; 6 Power supply; 7 Operating lever; 71 Handle; 72 Pull cable. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.
[0020] Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.
[0021] A portable broad bean harvesting device and harvesting method, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, a portable broad bean harvesting device includes a rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism 2 and a steel wire centering and guiding mechanism 3; The rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism 2 includes a hollow rotary cutting gear 22 with a radial notch. The hollow structure provides a working channel for the broad bean plants, and the radial notch facilitates the entry and exit of the broad bean plants from the working area. The rotary cutting gear 22 is connected to a rotary cutting tool 21, which is designed to mimic an external turning tool. The tool is fixed to the outer edge of the rotary cutting gear 22 and rotates with it to rotary cut and separate the broad bean pods in the working area. A drive gear 23 meshes with the rotary cutting gear 22, driving it to rotate. The rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism 2 also includes a suspension support structure 26. The suspended support structure 26 includes an arc track 262 disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the rotary cutting gear 22. Each arc track 262 is provided with a plurality of universal balls 261. The arc track 262 is precision machined on the upper and lower surfaces of the rotary cutting gear 22 to provide a low-resistance rolling path for the universal balls 261. Through the multi-directional rolling of the circumferentially distributed universal balls 261 in the arc track 262, a dynamic suspended support system is formed, which effectively absorbs the compound vibration generated by the rotary cutting tool 21 during operation. At the same time, when the drive gear 23 meshes into the notch area of the rotary cutting gear 22, the inertial rolling of the balls provides kinetic energy buffering. The wire centering and guiding mechanism 3 includes multiple elastic steel wires 32 arranged around the rotation center of the rotary cutting tool 21 and a radial opening and closing mechanism that drives the elastic steel wires 32 to open and close radially. The multiple elastic steel wires 32 arranged in a circular array form an adjustable flexible guiding channel, which facilitates locking of broad bean plants. The elastic deformation characteristics can adapt to the complex plant growth posture in the field. The radial opening and closing mechanism is used to control the radial opening and closing of the elastic steel wires 32, which facilitates the entry and exit of broad bean plants from the working area. Furthermore, there are five elastic steel wires 32 arranged in a circular array.
[0022] The rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism 2 and the steel wire centering and guiding mechanism 3 achieve efficient collaborative operation through an innovative mechanical linkage design. The hollow structure of the rotary cutting gear 22 and the elastic steel wire 32 of the guiding mechanism adopt a coaxial nested layout to form an integrated working cavity with external cutting and internal guiding. This enables continuous, efficient, and in-situ cutting of broad beans from the plant stem, solving the problem of traditional manual harvesting and the inability of existing equipment to automatically peel off the pods, thus simplifying the harvesting process. At the same time, the design of the elastic steel wire 32 ensures positioning accuracy while adapting to broad bean plants with different growth postures and sizes, solving the technical problems of poor adaptability and easy damage to plants caused by traditional rigid guiding mechanisms, and significantly reducing the missed harvest rate and mechanical damage.
[0023] In one alternative implementation, the radial opening and closing mechanism is connected to a control lever 7 via a pull wire 72. The control lever 7 is equipped with a handle 71 for controlling the pull wire 72. During operation, the user holds the handle 71 and applies force, which pulls the radial opening and closing mechanism through the pull wire 72, thereby driving multiple elastic steel wires 32 to open and close radially in sync, so that the broad bean plant can smoothly enter and exit the guide channel.
[0024] In one alternative implementation, there are two drive gears 23, whose installation positions satisfy the following: when either drive gear 23 moves to the notch area of the rotary cutting gear 22, the other drive gear 23 always remains engaged with the rotary cutting gear 22; the dual-gear alternating meshing mechanism solves the power interruption problem that occurs in the notch area of single-gear transmission, realizes uninterrupted continuous cutting operation, and ensures the smoothness and efficiency of the broad bean harvesting process; each of the two drive gears 23 has a gear shaft 24 at its center, and each of the gear shafts 24 of the two drive gears 23 is connected to a synchronous pulley 27, and the synchronous pulley 27 achieves transmission by meshing with a synchronous belt 25. The synchronous belt 25 is used to maintain the same transmission direction and rotation speed of the two drive gears 23, and to ensure continuous transmission at the notch of the rotary cutting gear 22.
[0025] In one alternative implementation, the elastic steel wire 32 is convexly curved towards the rotation center of the rotary cutting tool 21 to hold the broad bean plant stem tightly, preventing stem displacement from affecting cutting accuracy and avoiding epidermal damage caused by rigid clamping.
[0026] In one alternative implementation, the radial tensioning mechanism includes an upper radial tensioning mechanism 31 and a lower radial tensioning mechanism 33. The coordinated control of the upper and lower ends can ensure the synchronicity and stability of the overall movement of the elastic steel wire 32. The upper radial opening and closing mechanism 31 includes an upper support plate 311 and a lower support plate 312. Both the upper support plate 311 and the lower support plate 312 are hollow structures with radial notches in the same direction around the circumference. The upper end of the elastic steel wire 32 is fixed to the upper support plate 311. The two elastic steel wires 32 located on both sides of the notch are openable elastic steel wires 321. Each openable elastic steel wire 321 is equipped with a radial moving mechanism 313. The upper radial opening and closing mechanism 31 adopts a double-layer pressure plate design. The hollow upper and lower support plates with notches form a rigid support frame, providing a stable installation reference for the elastic steel wires 32 and also providing an operating channel for the broad bean plants. The openable elastic steel wires 321 specially designed on both sides of the notch achieve radial opening and closing through the radial moving mechanism 313. This design ensures the stability of the overall structure and realizes flexible adjustment of key guide points. The lower radial opening and closing mechanism 33 includes a wire pull plate 331, which is a hollow structure with a circumferential radial notch. The lower end of the elastic wire 32 is fixed to the wire pull plate 331. Two pull rods 332 are symmetrically connected to the lower end of the wire pull plate 331. Preferably, the two pull rods 332 are located symmetrically at both ends of the circumferential diameter of the wire pull plate 331. This ensures that the wire pull plate 331 remains horizontal during movement, allowing the elastic wire 32 fixed to the wire pull plate 331 to synchronously and smoothly perform radial opening and closing actions. Each of the 332 components is provided with a spiral groove 3322, and each spiral groove 3322 is engaged with a fixing pin 3323, which slides in conjunction with the spiral groove 3322. A fixing sleeve 3324 is sleeved on the lower part of each pull rod 332, and a pull plate 333 is connected to the bottom of each pull rod 332. The lower end of the fixing sleeve 3324 abuts against the pull plate 333, and the pull plate 333 is connected to the pull wire 72. A flat-head compression spring 3321 is sleeved on the upper part of each pull rod 332, with its upper end abutting against the wire pull disc 331 and its lower end abutting against the fixing sleeve 3324. The steel wire puller 331 controls the opening and closing of the steel wire through up and down movement, and its hollow design with a notch is used to form a working channel for the broad bean plants. The spiral groove 3322 on the pull rod 332 cooperates with the fixing pin 3323 to convert the linear traction of the pull line 72 into a composite motion of rotation and lifting. The fixing pin 3323 is used to limit the displacement path and engages with the spiral groove 3322 to control the movement trajectory of the pull rod 332. The fixing sleeve 3324 is used to constrain the movement trajectory of the pull rod 332. The pull plate 333 is connected to the pull line 72 and is used to pull the pull rod 332 to complete the action. The flat-head compression spring 3321 acts as an automatic resetter, pushing the system back to the initial position after the tension is released. When the pull cable 72 pulls the pull plate 333 to move linearly, the pull rod 332, which is fixedly connected to the pull plate 333, moves accordingly. The relative sliding between the spiral groove 3322 on the surface of the pull rod 332 and the fixing pin 3323 converts the linear traction force into a combined rotational and lifting motion, which in turn drives the wire pull plate 331 to move downward. The multiple elastic steel wires 32 fixed on the wire pull plate 331 simultaneously expand radially. When the pull cable 72 is released, the flat-head compression spring 3321, which is in a compressed state, releases its stored energy, pushing the pull rod 332 to move in the opposite direction along the trajectory of the spiral groove 3322, driving the wire pull plate 331 to rise, and thus causing the elastic steel wires 32 to contract radially.
[0027] In one alternative embodiment, the radial movement mechanism 313 includes a crank 3133, a sector gear 3132, and a rack 3131. A pull cable 72 is connected to the crank 3133, which acts as a power conversion hub, converting the linear traction force of the pull cable 72 into rotational torque. A connecting rod 34 is connected to the lower end of the crank 3133. The connecting rod 34 is connected to the pull plate 333 via the pull cable 72. The crank 3133 and the pull plate 333 are connected via the connecting rod 34. When the pull cable 72 is under tension, the connecting rod 34 synchronizes the rotational motion of the crank 3133 with the linear motion of the pull plate 333. This linkage design allows the handle 71 to simultaneously control the upper radial opening and closing mechanism 31 and... The lower end radial opening and closing mechanism 33; the crank 3133 drives the sector gear 3132, which acts as a motion conversion hub, converting the continuous rotation of the crank 3133 into reciprocating oscillation at a defined angle; the sector gear 3132 meshes externally with the rack 3131, which is connected to the upper end of the openable elastic steel wire 321. The rack 3131 acts as the final actuating component, converting the rotational motion of the sector gear 3132 into linear displacement, directly driving the elastic steel wire 32 to move radially; a compression spring 3134 is provided at the front end of the rack 3131, which is used to push the rack 3131 to move radially, thereby driving the elastic steel wire 32 to return to its radial position. When the operator grips handle 71, the pull cable 72 pulls crank 3133 to swing in an arc, and crank 3133 drives the sector gear 3132 fixed to it to rotate. The sector gear 3132 meshes precisely with rack 3131, converting the rotational motion into radial linear displacement of rack 3131. The upper ends of the two tensionable elastic steel wires 321 connected to rack 3131 open radially, and at this time rack 3131 compresses the front spring to store energy. When the operator releases handle 71, compression spring 3134 releases its elastic force, pushing rack 3131 to move in the opposite direction. Through the transmission chain of sector gear 3132 and crank 3133, pull cable 72 is reset, and at the same time, elastic steel wires 32 are radially contracted.
[0028] In one alternative implementation, the rotary gear transmission mechanism 2 is disposed between the upper support plate 311 and the lower support plate 312, and is supported by the suspension support structure 26. The rotary gear 22 is disposed between the rigid frame formed by the upper support plate 311 and the lower support plate 312, and its upper and lower surfaces are dynamically balanced and supported by the suspension support structure 26, which consists of an arc track 262 and universal ball bearings 261. The suspension support structure 26 provides a stable rotational reference for the rotary gear 22, maintaining precise meshing with the drive gear 23, and also adaptively compensates for assembly deviations and operational vibrations through the multi-directional rolling of the ball bearings.
[0029] In one alternative implementation, a collection box 4 is arranged around the outer periphery of the lower support plate 312. The collection box 4 has a circumferential radial notch at the corresponding position of the notch in the lower support plate 312. The collection box 4 adopts an open-type circumferential layout, which maintains a large-capacity collection function and can effectively collect broad beans from multiple directions after cutting, while providing an unobstructed path for the plant stems to enter and exit. It should be noted that the notches of the rotary cutting gear 22, the upper support plate 311, the lower support plate 312, the collection box 4, and the wire pull plate 331 are precisely aligned in the circumferential direction, forming a continuous working channel. A movable baffle 5 is provided at the notch of the collection box 4. When closed, the movable baffle 5 can prevent the bean grains from rebounding and splashing during cutting. The movable baffle 5 is hinged to the collection box 4 and connected to the pull line 72. The pull line 72 synchronously controls the opening and closing of the wire and the movable baffle 5, simplifying the operation process.
[0030] In one alternative embodiment, both the upper support plate 311 and the lower support plate 312 have through holes at corresponding positions on the gear shaft 24. After the gear shaft 24 passes through the through holes, the driving gear 23 can be fixed. At the same time, the rotary gear 22 meshes with the driving gear 23 and is supported on the lower support plate 312 by the suspension support structure 26, thereby ensuring that the rotary gear 22 transmission device 2 is stably assembled between the upper support plate 311 and the lower support plate 312. At least one of the gear shafts 24 is connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor 1. The stepper motor 1 provides rotational power to the driving gear 23. The stepper motor 1 is a commonly used device in the art and belongs to the prior art. Its specific structure and working method will not be described in detail in this specification. A power supply 6 is provided on the outside of the collection box 4. The stepper motor 1 is connected to the power supply 6, and the power supply 6 provides stable power to the stepper motor 1.
[0031] A harvesting method using a portable broad bean harvesting device includes the following steps: S1. Hold the joystick 7 to control the harvesting device to approach the bottom of the broad bean plant stem; S2. Grip handle 71 and open movable baffle 5 and elastic steel wire 32 by pulling wire 72, so that the plant stem enters steel wire centering guide mechanism 3. S3. Release handle 71, the elastic steel wire 32 retracts radially, and at the same time the movable baffle 5 closes, locking the plant in the steel wire centering guide mechanism 3. S4. Start the stepper motor 1 to make the rotary cutting tool 21 rotate; S5. Cut the broad beans from bottom to top along the plant with the rotary cutter 21. The broad beans fall into the collection box 4. After harvesting, squeeze the handle 71 again to expand the elastic wire 32 and release the plant.
[0032] The portable broad bean harvesting device and harvesting method provided by this invention have the following working principle: When the operator grips handle 71, the pull cable 72 is pulled, and the pull cable 72 pulls the crank 3133 to rotate. The crank 3133 drives the pull plate 333 to move along with it through the connecting rod 34. The connecting rod 34 synchronizes the rotation of the crank 3133 with the linear motion of the pull plate 333, and can synchronously control the upper radial opening and closing mechanism 31 and the lower radial opening and closing mechanism 33. When the pull cable 72 pulls the crank 3133 to swing in an arc, the crank 3133 drives the sector gear 3132 fixed to it to rotate; the sector gear 3132 meshes precisely with the rack 3131, converting the rotational motion into the radial linear displacement of the rack 3131; the upper ends of the two tensionable elastic steel wires 321 connected to the rack 3131 open radially; when the pull cable 72 pulls the pull plate 333 to move linearly, the pull rod 332 fixedly connected to the pull plate 333 moves accordingly, and the relative sliding between the spiral groove 3322 on the surface of the pull rod 332 and the fixing pin 3323 converts the linear traction force into a composite motion of rotation and lifting, thereby driving the steel wire pull plate 331 to move downward, and the multiple elastic steel wires 32 fixed on the steel wire pull plate 331 expand radially synchronously.
[0033] After the broad bean plant stem is locked inside the elastic steel wire 32 through the above operation, the handle 71 is released. The compression spring 3134 in the upper radial tensioning mechanism 31 releases its elastic force, pushing the rack 3131 to move in the opposite direction. Through the transmission chain of the sector gear 3132 and crank 3133, the pull wire 72 is reset, thereby causing the upper part of the elastic steel wire 32 to contract radially. At the same time, the flat-head compression spring 3321 in the lower radial tensioning mechanism 33 also releases its stored energy, pushing the pull rod 332 to move in the opposite direction along the trajectory of the spiral groove 3322, driving the steel wire pull plate 331 to rise, thereby causing the lower part of the elastic steel wire 32 to contract radially.
[0034] The operator then starts the stepper motor 1, and the power is transmitted through the gear shaft 24 to two drive gears 23 connected by the synchronous belt 25, driving the two gears to rotate synchronously in the same direction; the drive gears 23 alternately mesh with the rotary cutting gears 22 with radial notches. When one of the drive gears 23 runs to the notch area, the other gear still maintains effective meshing to ensure transmission continuity; the rotary cutting gears 22 operate stably between the upper and lower support plates through the suspension support structure 26. The arc track 262 on its upper and lower surfaces cooperates with the universal ball bearings 261 to automatically compensate for vibration and assembly deviation during high-speed rotation; the rotary cutting tool 21 fixed to the outer edge of the rotary cutting gears 22 moves in a circular motion. When the broad bean plant stem enters the working area through the notch, the tool completes the pod cutting at the optimal angle.
[0035] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a portable broad bean harvesting device and method that achieves non-destructive and efficient separation of broad beans from the plant stem through the innovative synergy of a rotary cutting blade and a centering guide mechanism. This solves the problems of traditional manual harvesting and the inability of existing equipment to automatically peel off the pods. Its elastic guide mechanism can adapt to broad bean plants of different growth postures and sizes, significantly reducing the rate of missed harvests and mechanical damage. The handheld operation design allows the operator to maintain a natural upright posture, effectively reducing labor intensity and avoiding fatigue caused by prolonged bending. The overall structure is lightweight and flexible, greatly improving harvesting efficiency and providing a labor-saving and low-damage harvesting solution for small and medium-sized broad bean cultivation.
[0036] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.
[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.
Claims
1. A portable broad bean harvesting device, characterized in that: It includes a rotary gear transmission mechanism (2) and a wire centering and guiding mechanism (3); The rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism (2) includes a hollow rotary cutting gear (22) with a circumferential radial notch. The rotary cutting gear (22) is connected to a rotary cutting tool (21), and the rotary cutting gear (22) is externally meshed with a drive gear (23). The rotary cutting gear transmission mechanism (2) also includes a suspension support structure (26). The suspension support structure (26) includes arc tracks (262) disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the rotary cutting gear (22). Each arc track (262) is provided with multiple universal ball bearings (261). The wire centering and guiding mechanism (3) includes multiple elastic steel wires (32) arranged around the rotation center circumference of the rotary cutting tool (21) and a radial opening and closing mechanism for driving the elastic steel wires (32) to open and close radially; the radial opening and closing mechanism is connected to a control lever (7) via a pull wire (72), and the control lever (7) is provided with a handle (71) for controlling the pull wire (72).
2. The portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two drive gears (23), and their installation positions satisfy the following: when either drive gear (23) moves to the notch area of the rotary cutting gear (22), the other drive gear (23) always remains meshed with the rotary cutting gear (22); the center of each of the two drive gears (23) is provided with a gear shaft (24), and the gear shaft (24) of each of the two drive gears (23) is connected to a synchronous pulley (27), and the synchronous pulley (27) achieves transmission by meshing with the synchronous belt (25).
3. The portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic steel wire (32) is convexly curved towards the rotation center of the rotary cutting tool (21) to hold the stem of the broad bean plant tightly.
4. A portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial tensioning mechanism includes an upper radial tensioning mechanism (31) and a lower radial tensioning mechanism (33); The upper radial tensioning mechanism (31) includes an upper support plate (311) and a lower support plate (312). Both the upper support plate (311) and the lower support plate (312) are hollow structures with radial notches in the same direction around the circumference. The upper end of the elastic steel wire (32) is fixed to the upper support plate (311). The two elastic steel wires (32) located on both sides of the notch are tensionable elastic steel wires (321). Each tensionable elastic steel wire (321) is provided with a radial moving mechanism (313). The lower radial tensioning mechanism (33) includes a wire pull plate (331), which is a hollow structure with a circumferential radial notch. The lower end of the elastic wire (32) is fixed to the wire pull plate (331). Two pull rods (332) are symmetrically connected to the lower end of the wire pull plate (331). Each pull rod (332) is provided with a spiral groove (3322), and each spiral groove (3322) is engaged with a fixing pin (3323). The fixing pin (3323) and the spiral groove (3322) are engaged with each other. 22) Sliding fit; the lower part of each pull rod (332) is fitted with a fixed sleeve (3324), the bottom of the pull rod (332) is connected to a pull plate (333), the lower end of the fixed sleeve (3324) abuts against the pull plate (333), the pull plate (333) is connected to the pull wire (72); the upper part of the pull rod (332) is fitted with a flat-head compression spring (3321), the upper end of the flat-head compression spring (3321) abuts against the wire pull plate (331), and the lower end abuts against the fixed sleeve (3324).
5. A portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radial movement mechanism (313) includes a crank (3133), a sector gear (3132), and a rack (3131). The pull wire (72) is connected to the crank (3133). A connecting rod (34) is connected to the lower end of the crank (3133). The connecting rod (34) is connected to the pull plate (333) through the pull wire (72). The crank (3133) drives the sector gear (3132). The sector gear (3132) meshes with the rack (3131). The rack (3131) is connected to the upper end of the tensionable elastic steel wire (321). A compression spring (3134) is provided at the front end of the rack (3131). The compression spring (3134) is used to push the rack (3131) to move radially, thereby driving the elastic steel wire (32) to return to its radial position.
6. A portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary gear transmission mechanism (2) is located between the upper support plate (311) and the lower support plate (312), and is supported by the floating support structure (26).
7. A portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A collection box (4) is arranged around the outer periphery of the lower support plate (312). The collection box (4) has a circumferential radial notch at the corresponding position of the notch in the lower support plate (312). A movable baffle (5) is provided at the notch of the collection box (4). The movable baffle (5) is hinged to the collection box (4) and connected to the pull wire (72).
8. A portable broad bean harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the upper support plate (311) and the lower support plate (312) have through holes at corresponding positions on the gear shaft (24). The gear shaft (24) can fix the drive gear (23) after passing through the through holes. At least one of the gear shafts (24) is connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor (1). A power supply (6) is provided on the outside of the collection box (4), and the stepper motor (1) is connected to the power supply (6).
9. A harvesting method for a portable broad bean harvesting device as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Hold the joystick (7) to control the harvesting device to approach the bottom of the broad bean plant stem; S2. Grip the handle (71) and open the movable baffle (5) and elastic steel wire (32) by pulling the wire (72) to allow the plant stem to enter the steel wire centering guide mechanism (3); S3. Release the handle (71), the elastic steel wire (32) retracts radially, and the movable baffle (5) closes at the same time, locking the plant in the steel wire centering guide mechanism (3); S4. Start the stepper motor (1) to make the rotary cutting tool (21) rotate; S5. Cut the broad beans from bottom to top along the plant with the rotary cutter (21). The broad beans fall into the collection box (4). After harvesting, squeeze the handle (71) again to expand the elastic wire (32) and release the plant.