Biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system, including control device and being sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction flue gas input pipeline, pretreatment room, first pipeline, multistage reactor, second pipeline, cyclone separator, third pipeline and chimney, multistage reactor includes horizontal distribution reactor body and three reaction chambers, the temperature and humidity of three reaction chambers are gradually reduced along the flue gas flow direction setting;First pipeline is connected with desulfurizer adding device, and the desulfurizer adding device includes fourth pipeline, fluidized bed type stock bin, air blower and mixing acceleration chamber.The application significantly improves the contact efficiency and reaction time of desulfurizer and flue gas by optimizing the injection mode, increasing the reaction zone and recovering the desulfurizer, greatly improves the desulfurization efficiency, and reduces the operating cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boiler flue gas desulfurization technology, and in particular to a biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass boilers produce large amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO2) during combustion, causing serious environmental pollution.

[0003] Existing SDS dry desulfurization technology typically uses sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) as the desulfurizing agent. The desulfurizing agent powder is injected into the flue gas using an injection device, where it decomposes at high temperature to produce active sodium, which reacts chemically with SO2 to generate sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). However, existing technologies suffer from problems such as uneven dispersion of the desulfurizing agent powder, short contact time between the desulfurizing agent and flue gas leading to insufficient reaction, and insufficient desulfurization efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problems of optimizing the dispersion of desulfurizing agent powder, extending the reaction time, and improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system. By optimizing the injection method, increasing the reaction zone, and recovering the desulfurizing agent, the system significantly improves the contact efficiency and reaction time between the desulfurizing agent and the flue gas, greatly improves the desulfurization efficiency, and reduces the operating cost, thus effectively solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system, including a control device and a pretreatment chamber, a multi-stage reactor, a cyclone separator, and a chimney arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction. The inlet of the pretreatment chamber is connected to the exhaust port of the biomass boiler through a flue gas input pipe. The outlet of the pretreatment chamber is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage reactor through a first pipe. The outlet of the multi-stage reactor is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a second pipe. The outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the lower part of the chimney through a third pipe. The multi-stage reactor includes a horizontal... The reactor body is distributed and three reaction chambers are connected horizontally inside the reactor body. The temperature and humidity of the three reaction chambers are set to gradually decrease along the flue gas flow direction. The first pipeline is connected to a desulfurizing agent addition device, which includes a fourth pipeline and a fluidized bed silo for storing desulfurizing agent powder. A gas distribution plate is provided in the lower part of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed silo. A blower is connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed silo. The top of the fluidized bed silo is connected to the fourth pipeline. The fourth pipeline is connected to the first pipeline through a mixing acceleration chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the pretreatment chamber includes a hollow filter box and a stainless steel filter screen installed inside the filter box, wherein the pore size of the stainless steel filter screen is 50μm~100μm.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas distribution plate adopts a stainless steel porous plate structure with a pore size of 1mm to 3mm and a porosity of 30% to 50%.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the fluidized bed silo is provided with an insulation sleeve, and the inner wall of the fluidized bed silo is provided with a heating device.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating device includes a heating layer and a temperature controller fixed on the inner wall of the fluidized bed silo, as well as nickel-chromium alloy heating wires with a diameter of 1mm to 2mm evenly distributed in the heating layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the three reaction chambers correspond to a high-temperature and high-humidity reaction chamber, a medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber, and a low-temperature and low-humidity reaction chamber, respectively. The temperature of the high-temperature and high-humidity reaction chamber is 120℃~150℃, and the humidity is 30%-40%. The temperature of the medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber is 100℃~120℃, and the humidity is 20%-30%. The temperature of the low-temperature and low-humidity reaction chamber is 80℃~100℃, and the humidity is 10%-20%.

[0012] Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a cooling device for regulating the flue gas temperature are installed in the inner cavity of the reactor body. The cooling device includes a cooling copper coil with circulating cooling water and a water valve installed on the cooling copper coil. The diameter of the cooling copper coil is 5mm to 10mm.

[0013] Furthermore, a humidity sensor and a humidity regulating device for adjusting the humidity of flue gas are also installed in the inner cavity of the reactor body. The humidity regulating device includes a humidifying nozzle for spraying water mist and an air outlet for blowing dry air. The humidifying nozzle is connected in sequence to a humidifying pipeline, a water pump and a water tank. The air outlet is connected to a return air pipe that communicates with the chimney. The return air pipe is equipped with a return air fan and a return air valve.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotary feeder is provided at the bottom of the cyclone separator, and a desulfurizing agent recovery device is connected to the bottom of the rotary feeder. The desulfurizing agent recovery device includes a fifth pipe connected between the rotary feeder and the fluidized bed silo, and an accelerator installed on the fifth pipe. The accelerator is connected to a first booster fan.

[0015] Furthermore, the third pipeline is equipped with a dust removal device and a second booster fan, and the dust removal device is a pulse-jet bag filter.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Sodium bicarbonate powder is stored using fluidized bed technology and the desulfurizer is uniformly sprayed into the flue gas in the mixing acceleration chamber by a pneumatic conveying method formed by a blower, which can improve the uniformity of the mixing of desulfurizer powder and flue gas.

[0017] (2) A multi-stage reactor design is adopted. By setting up multiple reaction chambers, each with different temperature and humidity conditions, the desulfurization reaction is carried out in stages to improve the desulfurization efficiency. At the same time, the flue gas changes its flow direction multiple times in the multi-stage reactor, prolonging the contact time between the desulfurizing agent and the flue gas, which also improves the reaction efficiency.

[0018] (3) Unreacted desulfurizing agent is separated by a cyclone separator, so as to realize the recovery and recycling of desulfurizing agent, reduce the consumption of desulfurizing agent, and reduce operating costs.

[0019] (4) A pretreatment chamber is set up before the desulfurization reaction to remove particulate matter in the flue gas, which further improves the efficiency of the desulfurization reaction.

[0020] In addition, the overall structure is simple and easy to maintain. It can achieve automation and precision in the desulfurization process through intelligent control, which significantly improves the desulfurization efficiency and desulfurizing agent utilization of the SDS dry desulfurization device for biomass boilers, reduces maintenance costs, and has good market application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment chamber. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fluidized bed silo. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage reactor.

[0023] Figure reference numerals: 1. Flue gas inlet pipe; 2. Pretreatment chamber; 21. Filter box; 22. Stainless steel filter screen; 3. First pipe; 31. Fourth pipe; 32. Fluidized bed silo; 321. Gas distribution plate; 322. Insulation jacket; 323. Heating layer; 324. Temperature controller; 33. Blower; 34. Mixing and acceleration chamber; 4. Multistage reactor; 41. Reactor body; 42. High temperature and high humidity reaction chamber; 43. Medium temperature and medium humidity reaction chamber; 44. Low temperature and low humidity reaction chamber; 45. Temperature sensor; 46. Cooling device; 61. Cooling copper coil; 462. Water valve; 47. Humidity sensor; 48. Humidity regulating device; 481. Humidifying nozzle; 482. Air outlet; 483. Humidifying pipeline; 484. Water pump; 485. Water tank; 486. Return air duct; 487. Return air fan; 488. Return air valve; 5. Second pipeline; 6. Cyclone separator; 61. Rotary feeder; 62. Fifth pipeline; 63. Accelerator; 64. First booster fan; 7. Third pipeline; 71. Dust removal device; 72. Second booster fan; 8. Chimney. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail through detailed embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] refer to Figures 1-4This embodiment provides a biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system, including a control device (not shown in the figure) and a pretreatment chamber 2, a multi-stage reactor 4, a cyclone separator 6, and a chimney 8 arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction. The inlet of the pretreatment chamber 2 is connected to the exhaust port of the biomass boiler through a flue gas input pipe 1, and the outlet of the pretreatment chamber 2 is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage reactor 4 through a first pipe 3. The outlet of the multi-stage reactor 4 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 6 through a second pipe 5, and the outlet of the cyclone separator 6 is connected to the lower part of the chimney 8 through a third pipe 7. The multi-stage reactor 4 includes horizontally distributed reactors. The reactor body 41 and three reaction chambers located inside the reactor body 41 are connected in a horizontal direction. The temperature and humidity of the three reaction chambers are set to gradually decrease along the flue gas flow direction. The first pipe 3 is connected to a desulfurizing agent addition device, which includes a fourth pipe 31 and a fluidized bed silo 32 for storing desulfurizing agent powder. A gas distribution plate 321 is provided in the lower part of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed silo 32. A blower 33 for providing fluidizing air is connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed silo 32. The top of the fluidized bed silo 32 is connected to the fourth pipe 31. The fourth pipe 31 is connected to the first pipe 3 through a mixing acceleration chamber 34.

[0027] Thus, firstly, by using fluidized bed technology to store sodium bicarbonate powder and then using a blower to pneumatically convey the desulfurizer into the flue gas in the mixing and acceleration chamber, the uniformity of the mixing between the desulfurizer powder and the flue gas can be improved. Secondly, a multi-stage reactor design is adopted, with multiple reaction chambers connected in series, each with different temperature and humidity conditions, to carry out the desulfurization reaction in stages, thereby improving desulfurization efficiency. Simultaneously, the flue gas changes flow direction multiple times within the multi-stage reactor, extending the contact time between the desulfurizer and the flue gas, further improving reaction efficiency. Thirdly, unreacted desulfurizer is separated by a cyclone separator, enabling the recovery and recycling of the desulfurizer, reducing desulfurizer consumption and operating costs. Fourthly, a pretreatment chamber is set up before the desulfurization reaction to remove particulate matter from the flue gas, further improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency. Furthermore, the overall structure is simple, maintenance is convenient, and the desulfurization process can be automated and precise through intelligent control.

[0028] In some specific implementation methods, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pretreatment chamber 2 includes a hollow filter box 21 and a stainless steel filter screen 22 installed in the inner cavity of the filter box 21. The pore size of the stainless steel filter screen 22 is 50μm~100μm.

[0029] More specifically, the stainless steel filter screen is fixed in the inner cavity of the filter box by a slot.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the gas distribution plate 321 adopts a stainless steel porous plate structure, with a pore diameter of 1mm to 3mm and a porosity of 30% to 50%, which ensures uniform air distribution, prevents powder accumulation, and allows the desulfurizing agent powder to be fully dispersed. As an example, the pore diameter of the gas distribution plate can be set to 1mm and the porosity to 40%.

[0031] More specifically, the gas distribution plate can be installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed silo via a flange.

[0032] As an improved implementation method, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The fluidized bed silo 32 has an insulation sleeve 322 on its outer wall and a heating device on its inner wall. Specifically, for example... Figure 3 As shown, the heating device includes a heating layer 323 fixed to the inner wall of the fluidized bed silo 32, a temperature controller 324, and nickel-chromium alloy heating wires with a diameter of 1mm to 2mm evenly distributed within the heating layer 323. The temperature controller controls the internal temperature of the fluidized bed silo at 30℃ to 50℃ to prevent the sodium bicarbonate desulfurizer from becoming damp and clumping, thus improving the storage stability of the desulfurizer.

[0033] In some specific implementation methods, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The three reaction chambers are designated as a high-temperature, high-humidity reaction chamber 42, a medium-temperature, medium-humidity reaction chamber 43, and a low-temperature, low-humidity reaction chamber 44. The temperature in the high-temperature, high-humidity reaction chamber 42 is 120℃~150℃, and the humidity is 30%-40%. The temperature in the medium-temperature, medium-humidity reaction chamber 43 is 100℃~120℃, and the humidity is 20%-30%. The temperature in the low-temperature, low-humidity reaction chamber 44 is 80℃~100℃, and the humidity is 10%-20%. By setting different temperature and humidity conditions for each reaction chamber, the desulfurization reaction is carried out in stages, thereby improving the desulfurization efficiency. Furthermore, the high-temperature and high-humidity reaction chamber is separated from the medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber by partitions, as is the medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber from the low-temperature and low-humidity reaction chamber. The lower part of the high-temperature and high-humidity reaction chamber is connected to the lower part of the medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber, and the upper part of the medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber is connected to the upper part of the low-temperature and low-humidity reaction chamber. In this way, the flue gas undergoes multiple changes in flow direction within the multi-stage reactor, greatly extending the contact time between the desulfurizing agent and the flue gas, making the desulfurization reaction more complete and thorough, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, a temperature sensor 45 and a cooling device 46 for regulating flue gas temperature are installed inside the reactor body 41. As an example, the cooling device 46 includes a cooling copper coil 461 through which circulating cooling water flows, and a water inlet valve 462 installed on the cooling copper coil 461. The diameter of the cooling copper coil 461 can be set to 5mm~10mm. Thus, the flue gas temperature can be gradually reduced by circulating cooling water, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the flue gas temperature.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a humidity sensor 47 and a humidity regulating device 48 for adjusting the humidity of flue gas are also installed inside the reactor body 41. As an example, the humidity regulating device 48 includes a humidifying nozzle 481 for spraying water mist and an air outlet 482 for blowing dry air. The humidifying nozzle 481 is sequentially connected to a humidifying pipe 483, a water pump 484, and a water tank 485. The air outlet 482 is connected to a return air pipe 486 communicating with the chimney 8. The return air pipe 486 is equipped with a return air fan 487 and a return air valve 488. Thus, the humidity can be increased by spraying water mist through the humidifying nozzle and decreased by blowing dry air through the air outlet, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the humidity of the flue gas.

[0036] In some specific implementation methods, refer to Figure 1 The cyclone separator 6 has a rotary feeder 61 at its bottom, and a desulfurizing agent recovery device is connected to the bottom of the rotary feeder 61. As an example, the desulfurizing agent recovery device includes a fifth pipe 62 connected between the rotary feeder 61 and the fluidized bed silo 32, and an accelerator 63 installed on the fifth pipe 62. The accelerator 63 is connected to a first booster fan 64. Thus, the recovered desulfurizing agent can be returned to the fluidized bed silo by pneumatic conveying, achieving the recycling of the desulfurizing agent.

[0037] It should be noted that both the mixing and acceleration chamber 34 and the accelerator 63 are three-way Venturi jet mixers, which can rapidly draw in materials under the action of airflow to achieve the purpose of mixing and conveying. Their structure is a common structure in the field of material pipeline transportation, so it will not be described in detail.

[0038] As an improved implementation method, refer to Figure 1 The third pipe 7 is further provided with a dust removal device 71 and a second booster fan 72. The dust removal device 71 can be a pulse back-flushing bag filter.

[0039] In addition, the control device is used to control the operating status of each piece of equipment. Specifically, the control device can be a PLC controller with programmable functions.

[0040] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biomass boiler SDS dry desulfurization system, characterized in that, The system includes a control device and, sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction, a pretreatment chamber, a multi-stage reactor, a cyclone separator, and a chimney. The inlet of the pretreatment chamber is connected to the exhaust port of the biomass boiler via a flue gas input pipe. The outlet of the pretreatment chamber is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage reactor via a first pipe. The outlet of the multi-stage reactor is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator via a second pipe. The outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the lower part of the chimney via a third pipe. The multi-stage reactor includes a horizontally distributed reactor body and three reaction chambers arranged sequentially along the horizontal direction inside the reactor body. The temperature and humidity of the three reaction chambers are gradually reduced along the flue gas flow direction. The reactor body also contains... The system includes a humidity sensor and a humidity control device for adjusting flue gas humidity. The humidity control device includes a humidifying nozzle for spraying water mist and an air outlet for blowing dry air. The humidifying nozzle is sequentially connected to a humidifying pipeline, a water pump, and a water tank. The air outlet is connected to a return air pipe that communicates with the chimney. The return air pipe is equipped with a return air fan and a return air valve. The first pipeline is connected to a desulfurizing agent addition device. The desulfurizing agent addition device includes a fourth pipeline and a fluidized bed silo for storing desulfurizing agent powder. A gas distribution plate is provided in the lower part of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed silo. A blower is connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed silo. The top of the fluidized bed silo is connected to the fourth pipeline. The fourth pipeline is connected to the first pipeline through a mixing acceleration chamber.

2. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment chamber includes a hollow filter box and a stainless steel filter screen installed inside the filter box. The pore size of the stainless steel filter screen is 50μm~100μm.

3. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas distribution plate adopts a stainless steel porous plate structure with a pore size of 1mm to 3mm and a porosity of 30% to 50%.

4. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the fluidized bed silo is equipped with an insulation sleeve, and the inner wall of the fluidized bed silo is equipped with a heating device.

5. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating device includes a heating layer and a temperature controller fixed on the inner wall of the fluidized bed silo, as well as nickel-chromium alloy heating wires with a diameter of 1mm to 2mm evenly distributed in the heating layer.

6. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three reaction chambers correspond to a high-temperature and high-humidity reaction chamber, a medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber, and a low-temperature and low-humidity reaction chamber, respectively. The temperature of the high-temperature and high-humidity reaction chamber is 120℃~150℃ and the humidity is 30%-40%. The temperature of the medium-temperature and medium-humidity reaction chamber is 100℃~120℃ and the humidity is 20%-30%. The temperature of the low-temperature and low-humidity reaction chamber is 80℃~100℃ and the humidity is 10%-20%.

7. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reactor body is equipped with a temperature sensor and a cooling device for regulating the flue gas temperature. The cooling device includes a cooling copper coil with circulating cooling water and a water valve installed on the cooling copper coil. The diameter of the cooling copper coil is 5mm to 10mm.

8. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cyclone separator is equipped with a rotary feeder, and the bottom of the rotary feeder is connected to a desulfurizing agent recovery device. The desulfurizing agent recovery device includes a fifth pipe connected between the rotary feeder and the fluidized bed silo, and an accelerator installed on the fifth pipe. The accelerator is connected to a first booster fan.

9. The SDS dry desulfurization system for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third pipeline is equipped with a dust removal device and a second booster fan. The dust removal device is a pulse jet bag filter.

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