Anchoring anti-seepage structure for fragmenting loose rock slope and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an anchoring and anti-seepage structure for fragmenting and loosening rock slope, which comprises an anchoring system and an anti-seepage system. The anchoring system comprises a prefabricated anchor pipe, an anchor pipe cavity grouting body, a primary grouting body, a branch grouting body, a concrete frame beam and a sealing anchor concrete. The anchoring system is inserted into the rock soil along the direction perpendicular to the slope surface of the fragmenting rock. The anchor pipe cavity grouting body and the primary grouting body jointly form a main trunk grouting body. The branch grouting bodies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the prefabricated anchor pipe, and form a main trunk-branch combined reinforcing body with the prefabricated anchor pipe and the main trunk grouting body. The anti-seepage system comprises anchor bolts, a geocomposite drainage net and an anti-seepage geomembrane. The geocomposite drainage net is covered on the anti-seepage geomembrane, and the two are mutually adhered and jointly cover the slope surface of the fragmenting and loosening rock slope. The anchor bolts are arranged on the top and the bottom of the fragmenting and loosening rock slope, and are used for fixing the anti-seepage geomembrane and the geocomposite drainage net. A corresponding construction method is also disclosed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and in particular to an anchoring and seepage prevention structure and construction method for fractured and loose rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the complex terrain and geology of mountainous roads, intense geological tectonic movements, and severe weathering and erosion of the surface rock, which is often in a fractured state, the overall stability and shallow surface stability of slopes, under the combined influence of factors such as earthquakes, heavy rains, and disturbances caused by engineering excavation and unloading, constitute important factors affecting road operation safety. Therefore, fractured rock mass treatment has become an unavoidable technical challenge in slope treatment construction.

[0003] In geotechnical engineering, shotcrete, anchor, and mesh support systems can be used to reinforce shallow landslides and rock masses with well-developed joints and fissures, thereby improving the strength of the rock mass. Anchor pipe grouting fills and reinforces the joints and fissures within a certain range of the anchor pipe, improving the shear strength of the rock mass and ensuring slope stability. However, anchor pipe grouting has limitations in terms of its small reinforcement range and limited support area, thus it cannot effectively reinforce fractured rock masses on rock slopes or improve their seepage prevention performance.

[0004] In practical engineering, most slope reinforcement methods focus on the reinforcement of shallow rock masses and rock masses perpendicular to the slope surface, while there is a lack of reinforcement for deeper, larger-scale rock masses on slopes.

[0005] In summary, no effective solution has yet been proposed to address the problems existing in the treatment of fractured rock masses in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by designing an anchoring and seepage-proof structure and construction method for fractured and loose rock slopes. This method not only improves the integrity and stability of fractured and loose rock slopes, effectively reinforces the broken rock mass of rock slopes, and enhances the seepage-proof performance of the broken rock mass, but also has low construction difficulty and high construction efficiency.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide an anchoring and seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes, used to reinforce fractured rock masses (2) on a rock slope (1), comprising:

[0008] Anchoring systems and seepage prevention systems;

[0009] The anchoring system includes a precast anchor pipe (3), an anchor pipe cavity grouting body, a primary grouting body, a branch grouting body (6), a concrete frame beam (7), and sealing concrete (8); the anchoring system with the precast anchor pipe as the main body passes through the fractured rock mass and inserts into the rock and soil mass in a direction perpendicular to the slope surface;

[0010] The grouting body inside the anchor tube cavity and the primary grouting body together constitute the main grouting body (5); the branch grouting bodies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor tube, and together with the precast anchor tube and the main grouting body, they form a main-branch joint reinforcement body;

[0011] The precast anchor pipe (3) penetrates the fractured rock mass (2) and is inserted into the slope body of the rock slope (1). The main grouting body (5) consists of the grouting body inside the anchor pipe cavity of the precast anchor pipe (3) and the primary grouting body outside the pipe wall of the precast anchor pipe (3). The branch grouting bodies (6) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor pipe (3). The concrete frame beam (7) is connected to the precast anchor pipe (3) at the slope surface of the fractured and loose rock slope. The sealing concrete (8) is externally connected to one side of the concrete frame beam (7). The precast anchor pipe (3) passes through the concrete frame beam (7) and connects to the sealing concrete (8); the precast anchor pipe (3) is located around the guide pipe (19); the side wall of the precast anchor pipe (3) is provided with a drill hole adapted to the diameter of the drill rod unit body that can rotate at a small angle and the three-legged rotary drill bit (18); the side wall of the precast anchor pipe (3) is provided with a positioning hole 10cm away from the rear end of the drill hole; the edge of the drill hole on the side wall of the precast anchor pipe (3) is provided with a support frame to facilitate fixing the precast anchor pipe (3) and protecting the drill hole on the side wall;

[0012] The seepage prevention system includes anchor bolts (9), geotextile composite drainage net (11) and seepage-proof geomembrane (10). The geotextile composite drainage net (11) covers the seepage-proof geomembrane (10), and the two are bonded together to cover the slope surface of the fractured and loose rock slope. The anchor bolts (9) are arranged at the top and bottom of the fractured and loose rock slope to fix the seepage-proof geomembrane (10) and the geotextile composite drainage net (11).

[0013] Preferably, the branch grouting body is a void grouting body.

[0014] Preferably, the precast anchor pipe (3) has a drilled hole wall (4) on its outer side, and the side wall of the precast anchor pipe (3) has an anchor pipe side wall drill hole (20). A positioning hole (23) is provided 10cm from the rear end of the anchor pipe side wall drill hole (20). A support frame (21) is provided at the edge of the anchor pipe side wall drill hole (20). The precast anchor pipe (3) passes through the concrete frame beam (7). The inner side of the precast anchor pipe (3) is a guide pipe (19).

[0015] Preferably, the guide tube (19) is located around the drilling drive device (12), the drill rod (14), the gasket (13), the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and the tripod rotary drill bit (18); the front end of the guide tube (19) is a curved tube, the middle part is a cylinder that is adapted to the diameter of the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and the tail end is a cylinder that is adapted to the diameter of the drill rod; a positioning piece (22) is provided at the connection between the front end and the middle part of the guide tube (19).

[0016] Preferably, the drilling device for drilling precast anchor pipes into lateral rock mass includes: a drilling drive device (12), a drill rod (14), a shim (13), a drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and a tripod rotary drill bit (18); the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle includes a head drill rod unit (17), a middle drill rod unit (16), and a tail drill rod unit (15); the connecting ball (24) is clamped between the connecting grooves (25) of the front and rear drill rod units to provide support for the front and rear drill rod units. Support force; the screw hole (30) is set at the front end of the head drill rod unit (17); the tail end of the head drill rod unit (17) is provided with four radially distributed connecting hooks (27), and the center of the tail end of the head drill rod unit (17) is provided with a hemispherical connecting groove (25); the front end of the middle drill rod unit (16) is provided with four radially distributed connecting rings (26), and the tail end of the middle drill rod unit (16) is provided with four radially distributed connecting hooks (27), and the middle drill rod unit (16) is provided with four radially distributed connecting hooks (27). The front and rear ends of the rod unit (16) are provided with hemispherical connecting grooves (25); the front end of the tail drill rod unit (15) is provided with four radially distributed connecting rings (26), the front end of the tail drill rod unit (15) is provided with hemispherical connecting grooves (25), and the rear end of the tail drill rod unit (15) is provided with screws (29); the drilling drive device (12) is connected to the drill rod (14) through the screws (29) and is clamped with the gasket (13); the... The drill rod (14) and the tail drill rod unit (15) are connected by a screw hole (30) and a screw rod (29), and a washer (13) is clamped therein; the tripod rotary drill bit (18) and the head drill rod unit (17) are connected by a screw hole (30) and a screw rod (29), and a washer (13) is clamped therein; the head drill rod unit (17), the middle drill rod unit (16), and the tail drill rod unit (15) are connected in sequence by a connecting ring (26), a connecting hook (27), and a connecting ball (24). Two adjacent drill rod units can rotate relative to each other at a small angle about the diameter of the connecting ring (26), the connecting hook (27), and the connecting ball (24).

[0017] Preferably, the side wall of the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle is provided with two symmetrically distributed cutting threads (28). The front end of the cutting thread (28) is a convex frustum, and the rear end of the cutting thread (28) is a concave frustum. The sides of the convex frustum and the concave frustum are smooth curved surfaces. The front end of the tripod rotary drill bit (18) is three evenly distributed wedge-shaped rotary cutters (31), and the tail end of the tripod rotary drill bit (18) is provided with the screw (29).

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a construction method for an anchored seepage-proof structure for a fractured and loose rock slope based on the first aspect, comprising the following construction steps:

[0019] S1, Preparatory work before construction;

[0020] S2, Implement the construction based on the anchored seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes;

[0021] S3, After completing the construction, dismantle the work platform.

[0022] Preferably, S1 includes:

[0023] S11, Slope pretreatment, including one or more of the following: reinforcing the slope by driving anti-slide piles at the bottom of the slope, slope surface trimming, and detection and treatment of dangerous rocks;

[0024] S12, pre-construction reinforcement analysis, including: determining relevant reinforcement parameters based on the specific conditions of the fractured and loose rock slope, the reinforcement parameters including: anchor length, anchor inclination angle, anchor spacing and the number of lateral grouting branches of each anchor;

[0025] S13, setting up a working platform, including: starting from the bottom of the slope to set up the working platform, taking care to reserve working space at the preset anchor pipe positions during the construction process; reinforcing the bottom of the slope; after the bottom of the slope is reinforced, dismantling the lower working platform and moving it to the upper level.

[0026] Preferably, S2 includes:

[0027] S21, Drilling and inserting and fixing the prefabricated anchor pipe, including: drilling a hole with a preset length of the prefabricated anchor pipe using a conventional drilling machine; inserting the prefabricated anchor pipe into the hole and fixing it, taking care not to damage the support frame during the insertion of the prefabricated anchor pipe;

[0028] S22, perform a grouting process, including: pouring cement grout between the hole wall and the precast anchor pipe using a grouting PVC pipe; the grout is pumped from the bottom of the hole upwards through the grouting pipe to pump out the remaining debris and leaking grout from the bottom of the pipe, and this continues until clean cement grout overflows from the hole.

[0029] S23, Binding reinforcing bars, including: binding the reinforcing bars of the concrete frame beam to connect the reinforcing bars of the concrete frame beam to the anchor pipe;

[0030] S24, pouring concrete frame beams, including: building concrete frame beam support plates and pouring concrete, and forming concrete frame beams after the concrete of the frame beams has completely solidified.

[0031] S25, prefabricated anchor pipe lateral branch drilling, including: drilling anchor pipe lateral branch holes sequentially from deep to shallow layers based on a drilling device that can be used for drilling prefabricated anchor pipe lateral rock mass.

[0032] S26, Secondary grouting is performed, including: using a secondary grouting PVC pipe to inject cement grout into the side branch borehole of the anchor pipe from deep to shallow layers; after the side branch borehole of the anchor pipe is filled with cement grout, concrete grout is injected into the anchor pipe from bottom to top until the grout overflows from the borehole.

[0033] S27, Laying the seepage-proof drainage membrane: Cover the seepage-proof geomembrane with the geocomposite drainage net and bond the two together to form a seepage-proof drainage membrane; cover the seepage-proof drainage membrane on the slope surface and anchor the seepage-proof drainage membrane at the top and bottom of the slope with anchor bolts; fix the seepage-proof drainage membrane to the concrete frame beam at the slope surface where the prefabricated anchor pipes are inserted.

[0034] S28, pouring sealing concrete, including: pouring sealing concrete on the concrete frame beam on which the seepage-proof drainage membrane is fixed, the sealing concrete being connected to the precast anchor pipe and covering the geotextile composite drainage net.

[0035] Preferably, step S25 further includes: inserting a guide tube and aligning the positioning piece on the guide tube with the deep positioning hole of the precast anchor tube; inserting a drilling device along the guide tube for drilling lateral rock mass of the precast anchor tube and drilling; adjusting the insertion depth of the guide tube to a shallow layer and repeating the above steps to complete the lateral branch drilling of the precast anchor tube.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the anchoring seepage prevention structure and construction method of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] 1. The drilling device of this invention can be used for drilling in rock masses for anchor pipe orientation, enabling drilling within a limited space in the rock mass for anchor pipe orientation, and subsequently casting the lateral branch grouting body of the anchor pipe. The key component of this device is a drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle. This unit is connected by a connecting ring, a connecting hook, and a connecting ball. Adjacent drill rod units can rotate relative to each other at a small angle about the diameter of the connecting ring, hook, and ball. Multiple drill rod units are connected sequentially, and the angles of relative rotation are superimposed, thereby enabling bending of the drill rod and changes in the drilling direction, thus achieving drilling operations within a limited space in the rock mass for anchor pipe orientation.

[0038] 2. In this invention, a guide tube is provided between the drilling device and the prefabricated anchor pipe. The front end of the guide tube is curved and tubular, which assists and guides the bending of the drill rod, which is composed of multiple drill rod units that can rotate at small angles. The middle part of the guide tube is cylindrical, which is adapted to the diameter of the drill rod units that can rotate at small angles, and the tail part is cylindrical, which is adapted to the diameter of the drill rod. This variable diameter design facilitates the positioning of the drilling device. A positioning plate is provided at the connection between the front end and the middle part of the guide tube. By positioning and aligning the positioning plate with the positioning hole on the anchor pipe wall, the position of the anchor pipe directional rock drilling hole is determined.

[0039] 3. In this invention, the branch grouting body, the anchor pipe and the grouting body inside the anchor pipe cavity, and the primary grouting body together form a main-branch joint reinforcement body. This joint reinforcement body plays a "holding" role on the rock slope or fractured rock mass, thereby improving the integrity of the rock slope. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of anchoring a fractured and loose rock slope according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a drilling device for drilling rock masses that can be used for anchor pipe orientation drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 Detailed drawings of a drill rod unit body capable of small-angle rotation and a tripod rotary drill bit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4(a) is a flowchart of the construction method of the anchoring and seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the anchoring and seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the pre-construction preparation process provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 A construction flowchart based on the anchored seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1-Rock slope, 2-Fractured rock mass, 3-Precast anchor pipe, 4-Borehole wall, 5-Main grouting body, 6-Branch grouting body, 7-Concrete frame beam, 8-Sealing concrete, 9-Anchor bolt, 10-Imperible geomembrane, 11-Geocomposite drainage net, 12-Drilling drive device, 13-Shim, 14-Drill rod, 15-Tail drill rod unit, 16-Middle drill rod unit, 17-Head drill rod unit, 18-Tripod rotary drill bit, 19-Guide pipe, 20-Anchor pipe sidewall drilling, 21-Support frame, 22-Positioning plate, 23-Positioning hole, 24-Connecting ball, 25-Connecting groove, 26-Connecting ring, 27-Connecting hook, 28-Cutting thread, 29-Screw rod, 30-Screw hole, 31-Wedge-shaped rotary cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide an anchoring and seepage-proof structure for a fractured and loose rock slope, used to reinforce the fractured rock mass 2 on the rock slope 1, comprising:

[0053] Anchoring systems and seepage prevention systems;

[0054] The anchoring system includes a precast anchor pipe 3, an anchor pipe cavity grouting body, a primary grouting body, a branch grouting body 6, a concrete frame beam 7, and an anchor sealing concrete 8; the anchoring system with the precast anchor pipe as the main body penetrates the fractured rock mass and inserts into the rock and soil mass in a direction perpendicular to the slope surface.

[0055] The grouting material inside the anchor tube cavity and the primary grouting material together constitute the main grouting material 5; the branch grouting materials are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor tube, and together with the precast anchor tube and the main grouting material, they form a main-branch joint reinforcement body;

[0056] The precast anchor pipe 3 penetrates the fractured rock mass 2 and is inserted into the slope body of the rock slope 1. The main grouting body 5 consists of the grouting body inside the anchor pipe cavity of the precast anchor pipe 3 and the primary grouting body outside the pipe wall of the precast anchor pipe 3. The branch grouting bodies 6 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor pipe 3. The concrete frame beam 7 is connected to the precast anchor pipe 3 at the slope surface of the fractured and loose rock slope. The sealing concrete 8 is externally connected to one side of the concrete frame beam 7. The precast anchor pipe 3 penetrates the concrete frame beam 7 and is connected to the sealing concrete 8.

[0057] The branch grouting body is a void grouting body.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the seepage prevention system includes anchor bolts 9, a geotextile composite drainage net 11, and a seepage-proof geomembrane 10. The geotextile composite drainage net 11 covers the seepage-proof geomembrane 10, and the two are bonded together to cover the slope surface of the fractured and loose rock slope. The anchor bolts 9 are arranged at the top and bottom of the fractured and loose rock slope to fix the seepage-proof geomembrane 10 and the geotextile composite drainage net 11.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, the precast anchor pipe 3 has a drilled hole wall 4 on its outer side, and the side wall of the precast anchor pipe 3 has an anchor pipe side wall drill hole 20. A positioning hole 23 is provided 10cm from the rear end of the anchor pipe side wall drill hole 20. A support frame 21 is provided at the edge of the anchor pipe side wall drill hole 20. The precast anchor pipe 3 penetrates the concrete frame beam 7. The inner side of the precast anchor pipe 3 is a guide pipe 19.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the guide tube 19 is located around the drilling drive device 12, the drill rod 14, the gasket 13, the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and the tripod rotary drill bit 18; the front end of the guide tube 19 is a curved tube, the middle part is a cylinder adapted to the diameter of the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and the tail end is a cylinder adapted to the diameter of the drill rod; a positioning piece 22 is provided at the connection between the front end and the middle part of the guide tube 19.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the prefabricated anchor pipe 3 is located around the guide pipe 19; the side wall of the prefabricated anchor pipe 3 is provided with a drill hole adapted to the diameter of the drill rod unit body that can rotate at a small angle and the tripod rotary drill bit 18; the side wall of the prefabricated anchor pipe 3 is provided with a positioning hole 10cm away from the rear end of the drill hole; the edge of the drill hole on the side wall of the prefabricated anchor pipe 3 is provided with a support frame to facilitate fixing the prefabricated anchor pipe 3 and protecting the drill hole on the side wall.

[0062] See Figure 3 As a preferred embodiment, the drilling device for lateral drilling of precast anchor pipes in rock mass includes: a drilling drive device 12, a drill rod 14, a shim 13, a drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and a tripod rotary drill bit 18; the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle includes a head drill rod unit 17, a middle drill rod unit 16, and a tail drill rod unit 15; the connecting ball 24 is clamped between the connecting grooves 25 of the front and rear drill rod units to provide support for the front and rear drill rod units; the screw hole 30 is provided at the front end of the head drill rod unit 17; the tail end of the head drill rod unit 17 is provided with four radially distributed connecting hooks 27, and the center of the tail end of the head drill rod unit 17 is provided with a hemispherical connecting groove 25; the front end of the middle drill rod unit 16 is provided with four radially distributed connecting rings 26, and the tail end of the middle drill rod unit 16 is provided with four radially distributed connecting rings 26. The connecting hook 27 of the cloth; the hemispherical connecting groove 25 is provided at the center of the front and rear ends of the middle drill rod unit 16; the front end of the tail drill rod unit 15 is provided with four radially distributed connecting rings 26, the front center of the tail drill rod unit 15 is provided with a hemispherical connecting groove 25, and the tail end of the tail drill rod unit 15 is provided with a screw 29; the drilling drive device 12 is connected to the drill rod 14 through the screw 29 and clamps the gasket 13; the drill rod 14 and the tail drill rod unit 15 are connected through the screw hole 30 and the screw 29 and clamp the gasket 13; the tripod rotary drill bit 18 and the head drill rod unit 17 are connected through the screw hole 30 and the screw 29 and clamp the gasket 13; the head drill rod unit 17, the middle drill rod unit 16 and the tail drill rod unit 15 are connected in sequence through the connecting rings 26, the connecting hook 27 and the connecting ball 24. Two adjacent drill pipe units can rotate relative to each other at a small angle about the diameter of the connecting ring 26, the connecting hook 27, and the connecting ball 24.

[0063] Reference Figure 3As shown, the side wall of the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle is provided with two symmetrically distributed cutting threads 28. The front end of the cutting thread 28 is a convex frustum shape, and the rear end of the cutting thread 28 is a concave frustum shape. The sides of the convex and concave frustums are smooth curved surfaces. The front end of the tripod rotary drilling bit 18 is three evenly distributed wedge-shaped rotary cutters 31, and the tail end of the tripod rotary drilling bit 18 is provided with the screw 29.

[0064] Referring to Figures 4(a) and 4(b), a second aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for an anchored seepage-proof structure for a fractured and loose rock slope based on the first aspect, comprising the following construction steps:

[0065] S1, Preparatory work before construction;

[0066] See Figure 5 In a preferred embodiment, S1 includes:

[0067] S11, slope pretreatment, including one or more of the following: reinforcing the slope by driving anti-slide piles at the bottom of the slope, slope surface trimming, and dangerous rock detection and treatment; of course, those skilled in the art can also think of other slope pretreatment methods, as long as they can reduce the dangers in the construction process, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0068] In this embodiment, the fractured and loose rock slope has loose lithology and poor integrity, which makes it prone to danger during construction. Therefore, pretreatment is required before construction begins.

[0069] S12, Pre-construction reinforcement analysis, including: determining relevant reinforcement parameters based on the specific conditions of the fractured and loose rock slope, such as: anchor pipe length (generally 15-20m, the optimal length needs to be determined based on the actual slope conditions); anchor pipe inclination angle (the angle between the anchor pipe and the horizontal plane should not be less than 10° and not greater than 35°, the inclination angle needs to be determined based on the actual slope conditions); anchor pipe spacing (generally 5-10m). In addition to the above considerations, the number of lateral grouting branches for each anchor pipe also needs to be considered. The number of lateral grouting branches for each anchor pipe is generally 6, but can be appropriately increased depending on the specific conditions of the slope rock mass.

[0070] S13, setting up a working platform, including: starting from the bottom of the slope to set up the working platform, taking care to reserve working space at the preset anchor pipe positions during the construction process; reinforcing the bottom of the slope; after the bottom of the slope is reinforced, dismantling the lower working platform and moving it to the upper level.

[0071] S2, Implement the construction based on the anchored seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes;

[0072] See Figure 6 In a preferred embodiment, S2 includes:

[0073] S21, Drilling and inserting and fixing the prefabricated anchor pipe, including: drilling a hole with a preset length of the prefabricated anchor pipe using a conventional drilling machine; inserting the prefabricated anchor pipe into the hole and fixing it, taking care not to damage the support frame during the insertion of the prefabricated anchor pipe;

[0074] S22, Perform a primary grouting, including: pouring cement grout between the borehole wall and the precast anchor pipe using a primary grouting PVC pipe, wherein the primary grouting PVC pipe is a Φ25mm PVC pipe. To ensure that the grout fills the entire gap, the primary grouting PVC pipe extends to the bottom of the borehole, and the grout is pumped from the bottom of the borehole upwards through the primary grouting pipe to force out any remaining debris and leaking grout from the bottom of the pipe to the borehole opening, and this continues until clean cement grout overflows from the borehole opening;

[0075] S23, Binding reinforcing bars, including: binding the reinforcing bars of the concrete frame beam to connect the reinforcing bars of the concrete frame beam to the anchor pipe;

[0076] S24, pouring concrete frame beams, including: building concrete frame beam support plates and pouring concrete, and forming concrete frame beams after the concrete of the frame beams has completely solidified.

[0077] S25, prefabricated anchor pipe lateral branch drilling, including: drilling anchor pipe lateral branch holes sequentially from deep to shallow layers based on a drilling device that can be used for drilling prefabricated anchor pipe lateral rock mass.

[0078] S26, Secondary grouting is performed, including: using a secondary grouting PVC pipe to inject cement grout into the anchor pipe side branch borehole from deep to shallow layers, wherein the secondary grouting PVC pipe is a Φ50mm PVC pipe; after the anchor pipe side branch borehole is filled with cement grout, concrete grout is injected into the anchor pipe from bottom to top until the grout overflows from the borehole.

[0079] S27, Laying the seepage-proof drainage membrane: Cover the seepage-proof geomembrane with the geocomposite drainage net and bond the two together to form a seepage-proof drainage membrane; cover the seepage-proof drainage membrane on the slope surface and anchor the seepage-proof drainage membrane at the top and bottom of the slope with anchor bolts; fix the seepage-proof drainage membrane to the concrete frame beam at the slope surface where the prefabricated anchor pipes are inserted.

[0080] S28, pouring sealing concrete, including: pouring sealing concrete on the concrete frame beam on which the seepage-proof drainage membrane is fixed, the sealing concrete being connected to the precast anchor pipe and covering the geotextile composite drainage net.

[0081] S3, After completing the construction, dismantle the work platform.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, step S25 further includes: inserting a guide tube and aligning the positioning piece on the guide tube with the deep positioning hole of the prefabricated anchor tube; inserting a drilling device along the guide tube for drilling lateral rock mass of the prefabricated anchor tube and drilling; adjusting the insertion depth of the guide tube to a shallow layer and repeating the above steps to complete the lateral branch drilling of the prefabricated anchor tube.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchoring and seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes, used to reinforce fractured rock masses (2) on rock slopes (1), characterized in that, include: Anchoring systems and seepage prevention systems; The anchoring system includes a precast anchor pipe (3), an anchor pipe cavity grouting body, a primary grouting body, a branch grouting body (6), a concrete frame beam (7), and sealing concrete (8); the anchoring system with the precast anchor pipe as the main body passes through the fractured rock mass and inserts into the rock and soil mass in a direction perpendicular to the slope surface; The grouting body inside the anchor tube cavity and the primary grouting body together constitute the main grouting body (5); the branch grouting bodies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor tube, and together with the precast anchor tube and the main grouting body, they form a main-branch joint reinforcement body; The precast anchor pipe (3) penetrates the fractured rock mass (2) and is inserted into the slope body of the rock slope (1). The main grouting body (5) consists of the grouting body inside the anchor pipe cavity of the precast anchor pipe (3) and the primary grouting body outside the pipe wall of the precast anchor pipe (3). The branch grouting bodies (6) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor pipe (3). The precast anchor pipe (3) has a side wall borehole (20) on its side wall. Based on the drilling device that can be used for drilling the precast anchor pipe into the rock mass, branch boreholes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the precast anchor pipe (3) are opened through the side wall borehole (20) into the rock mass outside the precast anchor pipe (3). The branch grouting body (6) is filled in the branch borehole. The concrete frame beam (7) is connected to the precast anchor pipe (3) at the slope surface of the fractured and loose rock slope; the sealing concrete (8) is externally connected to one side of the concrete frame beam (7); the precast anchor pipe (3) passes through the concrete frame beam (7) and is connected to the sealing concrete (8). The seepage prevention system includes anchor bolts (9), geotextile composite drainage net (11) and seepage-proof geomembrane (10). The geotextile composite drainage net (11) covers the seepage-proof geomembrane (10), and the two are bonded together to cover the slope surface of the fractured and loose rock slope. The anchor bolts (9) are arranged at the top and bottom of the fractured and loose rock slope to fix the seepage-proof geomembrane (10) and the geotextile composite drainage net (11).

2. The anchoring and seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch grouting body is a void grouting body.

3. The anchoring and seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The precast anchor pipe (3) has a drilled hole wall (4) on its outer side, and the side wall of the precast anchor pipe (3) has an anchor pipe side wall drill hole (20). A positioning hole (23) is provided 10cm from the rear end of the anchor pipe side wall drill hole (20). A support frame (21) is provided at the edge of the anchor pipe side wall drill hole (20). The precast anchor pipe (3) passes through the concrete frame beam (7). The precast anchor pipe (3) has a guide pipe (19) on its inner side.

4. The anchoring and seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drilling device for lateral drilling of precast anchor pipes in rock mass includes: a drilling drive device (12), a drill rod (14), a shim (13), a drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle, and a tripod rotary drill bit (18); the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle includes a head drill rod unit (17), a middle drill rod unit (16), and a tail drill rod unit (15); a screw hole (30) is provided at the front end of the head drill rod unit (17); and four radially distributed connecting hooks are provided at the tail end of the head drill rod unit (17). (27), the head drill rod unit (17) has a hemispherical connecting groove (25) at the center of its tail end; the middle drill rod unit (16) has four radially distributed connecting rings (26) at its front end, and four radially distributed connecting hooks (27) at the tail end; the middle drill rod unit (16) has hemispherical connecting grooves (25) at the center of its front and tail ends; the tail drill rod unit (15) has four radially distributed connecting rings (26) at its front end; the tail drill rod... A hemispherical connecting groove (25) is provided at the center of the front end of the unit (15), and a screw (29) is provided at the tail end of the tail drill rod unit (15); the drilling drive device (12) is connected to the drill rod (14) through the screw (29) and the washer (13) is clamped therein; the drill rod (14) and the tail drill rod unit (15) are connected through the screw hole (30) and the screw (29) and the washer (13) is clamped therein; the tripod rotary drill bit (18) and the head drill rod unit (17) are connected through the screw hole (30) and the screw (29) The screw (29) is connected and a washer (13) is clamped in between; the head drill rod unit (17), the middle drill rod unit (16) and the tail drill rod unit (15) are connected in sequence by a connecting ring (26), a connecting hook (27) and a connecting ball (24); the connecting ball (24) is clamped between the connecting grooves (25) of the front and rear drill rod units to provide support for the front and rear drill rod units; two adjacent drill rod units can rotate relative to each other at a small angle about the diameter of the connecting ring (26) and the connecting hook (27) and the connecting ball (24).

5. The anchoring and seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide tube (19) is located around the drilling drive device (12), drill rod (14), gasket (13), drill rod unit body that can rotate at a small angle and the three-legged rotary drill bit (18); the front end of the guide tube (19) is a curved tube, the middle part is a cylinder adapted to the diameter of the drill rod unit body that can rotate at a small angle, and the tail end is a cylinder adapted to the diameter of the drill rod; a positioning piece (22) is provided at the connection between the front end and the middle part of the guide tube (19).

6. The anchoring and seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side wall of the drill rod unit that can rotate at a small angle is provided with two symmetrically distributed cutting threads (28). The front end of the cutting thread (28) is a convex frustum, and the rear end of the cutting thread (28) is a concave frustum. The sides of the convex frustum and the concave frustum are smooth curved surfaces. The front end of the three-legged rotary drilling bit (18) is three evenly distributed wedge-shaped rotary cutters (31), and the tail end of the three-legged rotary drilling bit (18) is provided with a screw (29).

7. A construction method for an anchored seepage-proof structure for fractured and loose rock slopes based on any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The construction steps include the following: S1, Preparatory work before construction; S2, Construction of the anchored seepage prevention structure for fractured and loose rock slopes is carried out; S3, After completing the construction, dismantle the work platform.

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that, S1 includes: S11, Slope pretreatment, including one or more of the following: reinforcing the slope by driving anti-slide piles at the bottom of the slope, slope surface trimming, and detection and treatment of dangerous rocks; S12, pre-construction reinforcement analysis, including: determining relevant reinforcement parameters based on the specific conditions of the fractured and loose rock slope, the reinforcement parameters including: the length of the precast anchor pipe, the inclination angle of the precast anchor pipe, the arrangement spacing of the precast anchor pipe and the number of lateral grouting branches of each precast anchor pipe; S13, setting up a working platform, including: starting from the bottom of the slope to set up the working platform, taking care to reserve working space at the preset anchor pipe positions during the construction process; reinforcing the bottom of the slope; after the bottom of the slope is reinforced, dismantling the lower working platform and moving it to the upper level.

9. The construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, S2 includes: S21, Drilling and inserting and fixing the prefabricated anchor pipe, including: drilling a hole with a preset length of the prefabricated anchor pipe using a conventional drilling machine; inserting the prefabricated anchor pipe into the hole and fixing it, taking care not to damage the support frame during the insertion of the prefabricated anchor pipe; S22, perform a grouting process, including: pouring cement grout between the hole wall and the precast anchor pipe using a grouting PVC pipe; the grout is pumped from the bottom of the hole upwards through the grouting pipe to pump out the remaining debris and leaking grout from the bottom of the pipe, and this continues until clean cement grout overflows from the hole. S23, Binding reinforcing bars, including: binding the reinforcing bars of the concrete frame beam, so that the reinforcing bars of the concrete frame beam are connected to the precast anchor pipe; S24, pouring concrete frame beams, including: building concrete frame beam support plates and pouring concrete, and forming a concrete frame beam after the frame beam concrete has completely solidified. S25, prefabricated anchor pipe lateral branch drilling, including: drilling anchor pipe lateral branch holes sequentially from deep to shallow layers based on a drilling device that can be used for prefabricated anchor pipe lateral rock drilling; S26, Secondary grouting is performed, including: using a secondary grouting PVC pipe to inject cement grout into the side branch borehole of the anchor pipe from deep to shallow layers; after the side branch borehole of the anchor pipe is filled with cement grout, concrete grout is injected into the anchor pipe from bottom to top until the grout overflows from the borehole. S27, Laying the seepage-proof drainage membrane: Cover the seepage-proof geomembrane with the geocomposite drainage net and bond the two together to form a seepage-proof drainage membrane; cover the seepage-proof drainage membrane on the slope surface and anchor the seepage-proof drainage membrane at the top and bottom of the slope with anchor bolts; fix the seepage-proof drainage membrane to the concrete frame beam at the slope surface where the prefabricated anchor pipes are inserted. S28, pouring sealing concrete, including: pouring sealing concrete on the concrete frame beam on which the seepage-proof drainage membrane is fixed, the sealing concrete being connected to the precast anchor pipe and covering the geotextile composite drainage net.

10. The construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, S25 further includes: inserting a guide tube and aligning the positioning piece on the guide tube with the deep positioning hole of the precast anchor tube; inserting a drilling device along the guide tube for drilling lateral rock mass of the precast anchor tube and drilling; adjusting the insertion depth of the guide tube to a shallow layer and repeating the above steps to complete the lateral branch drilling of the precast anchor tube.

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