Electronic device

Abstract

The electronic device provided in the application, the first radiator is arranged along the first edge of the first floor, the first radiator comprises a first grounding end, a first feeding point and a first free end; the second floor is arranged opposite to the first floor along the first direction, the second edge of the first floor is aligned with the first edge of the second floor in the first direction; the second radiator is arranged along the second edge of the second floor, two ends of the second radiator are respectively a second grounding end and a third grounding end, a first signal source is used to excite the first radiator and the second radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band; in the first resonant mode, a resonant current along the second direction is formed on the first radiator, a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the second radiator, there is a current zero point position between the second grounding end and the third grounding end, and a current strong point position on the first radiator corresponds to the current zero point position on the second radiator, so that the circular polarization signal performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Some signals in mobile phones and other electronic devices propagate in a circularly polarized manner. Therefore, how to design a circularly polarized antenna within the limited space of electronic devices and improve the performance of circularly polarized signals has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an electronic device for improving the performance of circularly polarized signals.

[0004] An electronic device provided in this application includes an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0005] The first floor, including the first side;

[0006] A first radiator is spaced along the first side. The first radiator includes a first grounding end, a first feed point, and a first free end. The first grounding end is electrically connected to the first floor.

[0007] A first signal source, which is electrically connected to the first feed point;

[0008] A second floor, which is disposed opposite to the first floor along a first direction, includes a second side that is aligned with the first side in the first direction;

[0009] The second radiator is spaced along the second side. The two ends of the second radiator are a second grounding end and a third grounding end, respectively. Both the second grounding end and the third grounding end are electrically connected to the second floor. At least a portion of the second radiator and the first radiator are opposite to and coupled in the first direction.

[0010] The first signal source is used to excite the first radiator and the second radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band; in the first resonant mode, a resonant current is formed on the first radiator along a second direction, the second direction being the extension direction of the first radiator, a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the second radiator, there is a current zero point position between the second ground terminal and the third ground terminal, the current strong point position on the first radiator corresponds to the current zero point position on the second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator form a first circularly polarized antenna in the first resonant mode.

[0011] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment includes a first radiator spaced along a first edge of a first ground plane. The first radiator includes a first ground terminal, a first feed point, and a first free end. The first ground terminal is electrically connected to the first ground plane, and a first signal source is electrically connected to the first feed point. A second ground plane is positioned opposite to the first ground plane along a first direction, with the second edge of the first ground plane aligned with the first edge of the second ground plane in the first direction. A second radiator is spaced along the second edge of the second ground plane, with its two ends being a second ground terminal and a third ground terminal, both electrically connected to the second ground plane. A first signal source is used to excite the first and second radiators to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band. In the first resonant mode, a resonant current is formed on the first radiator along a second direction, which is the extension direction of the first radiator. A half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the second radiator. There is a current zero point position between the second ground terminal and the third ground terminal. The current strong point position on the first radiator corresponds to the current zero point position on the second radiator. The first and second radiators form a first circularly polarized antenna in the first resonant mode. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a partially exploded view of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first foldable electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application in the unfolded state;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second foldable electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application in the unfolded state;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first foldable electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application in the folded state;

[0018] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the current and electric field of the first foldable electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application in the folded state;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the current-magnetic current M distribution of the antenna assembly provided in the first resonant mode according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 9 This application provides a correspondence between a set of orthogonal currents and a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M.

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized field synthesized by a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M with a phase difference of 90 degrees, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first relative positional relationship between the first radiator and the second radiator in the folded state in the first type of foldable electronic device provided in this application embodiment;

[0024] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second relative positional relationship between the first radiator and the second radiator in the folded state in the first type of foldable electronic device provided in this application embodiment;

[0025] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the third relative positional relationship between the first radiator and the second radiator in the folded state in the first type of foldable electronic device provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna assembly provided in this application, in which the first radiator is a monopole antenna;

[0027] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna assembly provided in this application, in which the first radiator is a T-antenna;

[0028] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit in the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 17 These are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application under the first resonant mode;

[0030] Figure 18 This is the total field radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0031] Figure 19 This is the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0032] Figure 20 This is the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0033] Figure 21 This is a 3D diagram of the axial ratio of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0034] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the third radiator and the second radiator in their unfolded state, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in a folded state, which constitutes a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents with a 90-degree phase difference, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the stub current distribution of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the ground current distribution of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 26 These are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the third resonant mode;

[0039] Figure 27 This is the total field radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0040] Figure 28 This is the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0041] Figure 29 This is the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0042] Figure 30 This is a 3D diagram of the axial ratio of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode;

[0043] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the first radiator, the third radiator, and the second radiator in their unfolded state, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of this application in a folded state;

[0045] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application, in its deployed state, with the first radiator being a T-antenna and operating in the satellite frequency band;

[0046] Figure 34This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application, in its deployed state, with the first radiator serving as a mid-to-high frequency antenna and the third radiator serving as an L-parasitic branch.

[0047] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application, with the third radiator serving as a mid-to-high frequency antenna and the first radiator serving as an L-parasitic branch in the deployed state;

[0048] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiator as a medium-to-high frequency antenna in the deployed state of the electronic device provided in this application embodiment;

[0049] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiator as a low-frequency antenna in the deployed state of the electronic device provided in this application embodiment.

[0050] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0051] Electronic device 1000; Antenna assembly 100; Display screen 200; Mid-frame 300; Back cover 400; Mid-plate 310; Frame 320; Reference ground plane 500; Main board 600; Battery 700; First ground plane 510; Second ground plane 520; First main body 710; Second main body 720; First sub-bottom edge 322a; Second sub-bottom edge 322b; First side 511; Second side 522; First radiator 10; Second radiator 20; First signal source 30; First grounding terminal A1; First feed point B1; First free end C1; Second Grounding terminal A2; Third grounding terminal A3; First electric field E1; Second electric field E2; Second free terminal C2; First tuning circuit T1; Second tuning circuit T2; First tuning switch T11; Multiple first tuning branches T12; Second tuning switch T21; Second tuning branch T22; Third radiator 40; Second signal source 50; Fourth grounding terminal A4; Second feed point B2; Third free terminal C3; Third side 512; Second matching circuit M2; Switching unit 60; Low-frequency signal source 31; Medium-high frequency signal source 32; Third feed point B3. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solution of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0053] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0054] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, an assembly or device comprising one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but may optionally also include one or more components not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more components that it should have based on the described function.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, devices with communication functions such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, computers, wearable devices, drones, robots, and digital cameras. This embodiment uses a mobile phone as an example for illustration; other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0056] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a partially exploded view of electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a mid-frame 300, and a back cover 400 arranged sequentially along its thickness. The mid-frame 300 includes a mid-plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the mid-plate 310. The frame 320 may be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a mid-plate 310. The display screen 200, mid-plate 310, and back cover 400 are stacked sequentially, forming receiving spaces between the display screen 200 and the mid-plate 310, and between the mid-plate 310 and the back cover 400, to accommodate a motherboard 600, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery 700, various sensors, and other devices. One side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the back cover 400, forming a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integral structure, while the frame 320 and the back cover 400 can be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of this application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0057] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 The image shows the rear view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 322 oppositely disposed, and a first side edge 323 and a second side edge 324 connecting the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. The first side edge 323 is the left side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. Alternatively, the first side edge 323 can also be the right side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000, and the second side edge 324 can be the left side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000.

[0058] Optional, please refer to Figure 2The antenna assembly 100 includes a reference ground plane 500. A frame 320 surrounds the periphery of the reference ground plane 500. The reference ground plane 500 is located within the frame 320. The reference ground plane 500 is generally rectangular in shape. Various slots, holes, etc., are formed on the reference ground edge of the reference ground plane 500 to accommodate components or avoid other structures in the mobile phone. The reference ground plane 500 includes, but is not limited to, the metal alloy portion of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal portion of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and the sub-board). Generally speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a roughly rectangular shape, hence the name reference ground plane 500. However, the term "reference ground plane 500" does not imply that the reference ground is plate-shaped or a rectangular plate.

[0059] Please see Figure 2 The reference floor 500 includes a first floor 510 and a second floor 520. The second floor 520 and the first floor 510 are disposed opposite to each other and spaced apart along a first direction. In this application, the first direction may be the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000, denoted as the Z-axis direction.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 Optionally, the electronic device 1000 is a foldable electronic device, such as a foldable mobile phone.

[0061] Please see Figure 3 The electronic device 1000 includes a first body 710 and a second body 720.

[0062] The first main body 710 and the second main body 720 are movably connected (rotatably connected or slidably connected), and the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state or an unfolded state. When the electronic device 1000 is in the folded state, the second floor 520 and the first floor 510 are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along a first direction.

[0063] The first floor is located within the first main body 710, and the second floor is located within the second main body 720.

[0064] Optionally, the first body 710 and the second body 720 can slide to an unfolded or folded state along the length or width direction of the electronic device 1000. When the electronic device 1000 is in the folded state, the first body 710 and the second body 720 are stacked along the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000.

[0065] Alternatively, the first body 710 and the second body 720 may be rotated along the length or width of the electronic device 1000 to an unfolded or folded state.

[0066] In the first alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 3The pivot 730 between the first body 710 and the second body 720 is along the width direction of the electronic device 1000. The top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322 of the first body 710 and the second body 720 are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000 when the electronic device 1000 is folded. When the electronic device 1000 is unfolded, the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322 are located on opposite sides of the reference floor 500. In other words, both the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322 are positioned along the width direction of the electronic device 1000. The first side edge 323 and the second side edge 324 are folded when the electronic device 1000 is folded.

[0067] Specifically, the top edge 321, the first portion of the first side edge 323, and the first portion of the second side edge 324 are located in the first body 710. The bottom edge 322, the second portion of the first side edge 323, and the second portion of the second side edge 324 are located in the second body 720.

[0068] In the second alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 4 The pivot 730 between the first main body 710 and the second main body 720 is along the length of the electronic device 1000. The top edge 321 of the frame 320 includes a first sub-top edge 321a and a second sub-top edge 321b. The first sub-top edge 321a and the second sub-top edge 321b are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000 when the electronic device 1000 is folded, and are collinear when the electronic device 1000 is unfolded. In other words, the extension direction of the top edge 321 and the extension direction of the bottom edge 322 are perpendicular to the length direction of the electronic device 1000. The extension directions of the first side edge 323 and the second side edge 324 are both parallel to the length direction of the electronic device 1000. The top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322 are folded when the electronic device 1000 is folded. The first sub-top edge 321a and the second sub-top edge 321b are located on opposite sides of the pivot 730 of the electronic device 1000.

[0069] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The bottom edge 322 includes a first sub-bottom edge 322a and a second sub-bottom edge 322b. The first sub-bottom edge 322a and the second sub-bottom edge 322b are located on opposite sides of the pivot 730 of the electronic device 1000. The first sub-top edge 321a, the second sub-top edge 321b, the first side edge 323, and the second side edge 324 are located on the first main body 710. The first sub-bottom edge 322a, the second sub-bottom edge 322b, the first side edge 323, and the second side edge 324 are located on the second main body 720.

[0070] For ease of description, the width direction of the electronic device 1000 in its unfolded state is defined as the X-axis direction, the length direction as the Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction as the Z-axis direction.

[0071] Alternatively, the electronic device 1000 is a non-foldable electronic device, such as a mobile phone, smartwatch, or other smart wearable device.

[0072] Please see Figure 3 The first floor 510 includes a first side 511. Optionally, the first side 511 is a side of the first floor 510 that is adjacent to and substantially parallel to the top side 321.

[0073] Please see Figure 3 The second floor 520 includes a second side 522. Optionally, the second side 522 is a side of the second floor 520 that is adjacent to and substantially parallel to the first side 323.

[0074] The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first radiator 10, a second radiator 20, and a first signal source 30. Taking the electronic device 1000 as an example, which is a foldable electronic device...

[0075] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 A first radiator 10 is disposed on the first main body 710. A second radiator 20 is disposed on the second main body 720. The first radiators 10 are spaced apart along the first side 511. The second radiators 20 are spaced apart along the second side 522. The first radiators 10 and the second radiators 20 are at least partially opposite to each other in the second direction.

[0076] Please see Figure 5 When the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are in the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000. Figure 2 At least partially opposite and coupled in the Z-axis direction.

[0077] For example, please see Figure 3 The first radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321 of the first main body 710, and the second radiator 20 is located at the bottom edge 322 of the second main body 720. The pivot 730 between the first main body 710 and the second main body 720 is parallel to the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322.

[0078] For another example, please refer to Figure 4 The first radiator 10 is disposed on the first sub-top edge 321a of the first main body 710, and the second radiator 20 is disposed on the second sub-top edge 321b of the second main body 720.

[0079] Since circularly polarized waves are generally used for transmission signals between electronic device 1000 and satellite equipment in the air, by placing the first radiator 10 on the top edge 321 of electronic device 1000, better signal transmission can be achieved when the top edge 321 of electronic device 1000 corresponds to the satellite equipment in the air.

[0080] This application does not specifically limit the material of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may be made of a conductive material, including but not limited to conductive materials such as metals and alloys. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the first radiator 10. For example, the shape of the first radiator 10 may include, but is not limited to, strip-shaped, sheet-shaped, rod-shaped, coated, or thin-film-shaped. Figure 3 The first radiator 10 shown is merely an example and does not limit the shape of the first radiator 10 provided in this application. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is always strip-shaped. This application does not limit the extension trajectory of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may extend along a straight line, a curve, or a bend. The first radiator 10 described above may be a line of uniform width on its extension trajectory, or it may be a strip of varying width, such as one with a gradually changing width or a widened region.

[0081] This application does not specifically limit the form of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the form of the first radiator 10 includes, but is not limited to, a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame 320, a metal radiator located within or on the surface of the frame 320, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser-directly formed antenna (LDS), a printed-directly formed antenna (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is taken as part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000. The material, shape, and form of the second radiator 20 can all refer to the material, shape, and form of the first radiator 10.

[0082] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first radiator 10 includes a first grounding terminal A1, a first feed point B1, and a first free terminal C1. The first grounding terminal A1 is electrically connected to the first floor 510.

[0083] The free end mentioned in this application refers to the end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 by an insulating gap and is not electrically connected to the reference floor 500. To ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the aforementioned insulating gap is filled with insulating material.

[0084] The grounding terminal described in this application refers to the location where the first radiator 10 is electrically connected to the first floor 510. The electrical connection method includes, but is not limited to, direct or indirect electrical connection. For example, the first grounding terminal A1 is grounded via a grounding spring. Another example is that the first grounding terminal A1 of the first radiator 10 is interconnected with a portion of the first floor 510, i.e., physically grounded.

[0085] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first signal source 30 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1. The first signal source 30 includes, but is not limited to, an RF transceiver chip. In this embodiment, the first signal source 30 is mounted on the motherboard 600. The electrical connection between the first signal source 30 and the first feed point B1 includes, but is not limited to, indirect connections via coaxial cables, conductive springs, etc. Specifically, the first signal source 30 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1 via a feed spring (conductive spring) mounted on the motherboard 600.

[0086] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first matching circuit M1. The first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first signal source 30 and the first feed point B1. The first matching circuit M1 and the first signal source 30 can be connected via a coaxial line, and the first matching circuit M1 and the first feed point B1 are electrically connected via a feed spring (conductive spring). The first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The first matching circuit M1, by adjusting the impedance matching between the first signal source 30 and the first radiator 10, facilitates the excitation of a first resonant mode. Further, the first matching circuit M1 may also include an antenna switch and multiple matching branches electrically connected to the antenna switch. The antenna switch, by switching different matching branches, achieves impedance matching when switching between different frequency bands supported by the first radiator 10 (such as the Tiantong satellite band or the mobile communication band).

[0087] The material, shape, and form of the second radiator 20 can be referenced from the material, shape, and form of the first radiator 10.

[0088] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 5The second radiator 20 has a second grounding terminal A2 and a third grounding terminal A3 at its two ends, respectively. Both the second grounding terminal A2 and the third grounding terminal A3 are electrically connected to the second floor 520. The second radiator 20 and at least a portion of the first radiator 10 are opposite to and coupled in the first direction.

[0089] Since the two ends of the second radiator 20 are electrically connected to the second ground 520, the second radiator 20 and the second side 522 of the second ground 520 form a closed ring structure, and the antenna form of the second radiator 20 can also be called a loop antenna. The second radiator 20 and the second side 522 of the second ground 520 enclose a closed slot space, and the antenna form of the second radiator 20 can also be called a slot antenna.

[0090] The first signal source 30 is used to excite the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band. Specifically, the first signal source 30 provides a radio frequency excitation current to excite the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 to generate a resonant current, forming a resonant mode to support the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0091] Optionally, the first frequency band is a signal frequency band that transmits signals in the form of circularly polarized waves. The first frequency band includes the GPS frequency band, or the BeiDou satellite frequency band, or the TianTong satellite frequency band.

[0092] The first radiator 10 is the main radiating branch, and the second radiator 20 is coupled to the first radiator 10, thereby forming a parasitic branch of the first radiator 10.

[0093] In the first resonant mode, resonant currents are generated on both the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. The resonant currents on the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 will be described in detail below.

[0094] Please see Figure 6 In the first resonant mode, a resonant current is formed on the first radiator 10 along a second direction. The second direction is the extension direction of the first radiator 10. Thus, a first electric field E1 is formed at the first free end C1 of the first radiator 10 along the second direction. The second direction is the X-axis direction. The resonant currents on the first radiator 10 with different structures will be explained in detail later.

[0095] Please see Figure 6 In the first resonant mode, a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the second radiator 20. Specifically, the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is close to or equal to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the formation of a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the second ground terminal A2 and the third ground terminal A3.

[0096] As mentioned above, the antenna of the second radiator 20 is a loop antenna, and the 1 / 2 wavelength mode is the ground mode of the loop antenna, which has relatively high efficiency, so as to ensure that the second radiator 20 has relatively high efficiency in the first resonant mode.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are coupled through their positional design. Specifically, there is a zero-current position between the second grounding terminal A2 and the third grounding terminal A3. The current distribution of the main resonant current of the second radiator 20 in the first resonant mode includes: flowing from the zero-current position to the second grounding terminal A2 and then to ground via the second grounding terminal A2, and flowing from the zero-current position to the third grounding terminal A3 and then to ground via the third grounding terminal A3. Due to the periodicity of the current, the current flow direction can also be reversed at other times.

[0098] Please see Figure 7 The position of the strong current on the first radiator 10 corresponds to the position of the zero current on the second radiator 20. The position of the strong current on the first radiator 10 is the position of a relatively strong magnetic field, and the position of the zero current on the second radiator 20 is the position of a relatively strong electric field. When the position of the relatively strong magnetic field of the first radiator 10 corresponds to the position of the relatively strong electric field of the second radiator 20, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are coupled through the spatial magnetic field and the spatial electric field.

[0099] Optionally, the location of the strongest current on the first radiator 10 is the location of the strongest current on the first radiator 10 in the first resonant mode, which is the location of the first ground terminal A1. The location of the zero current on the second radiator 20 in the first resonant mode is near the center of the second radiator 20. The resonant current on the second radiator 20 is close to 0 at the zero current location, and the resonant currents on both sides of the zero current location are in opposite directions.

[0100] In this embodiment, by designing the position of the strong current point on the first radiator 10 to correspond to the position of the zero current point on the second radiator 20, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are coupled through a relatively strong electric field-phase strong magnetic field, thereby coupling the excitation signal to the second radiator 20 and exciting the formation of a 1 / 2 wavelength mode current on the second radiator 20.

[0101] Please see Figure 8Since a slot antenna is formed between the second radiator 20 and the second ground 520, and a 1 / 2 wavelength mode current is formed on the second radiator 20, a magnetic current M is formed in the slot space between the second radiator 20 and the second ground 520 along the second direction according to the duality distance. The electric field of the magnetic current M is spatially orthogonal to the magnetic field of the magnetic current M, so the magnetic current M forms a second electric field E2 along the first direction.

[0102] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This application provides a correspondence between a set of orthogonal currents and a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M. The left side shows a set of spatially orthogonal currents, 90 degrees apart. The right side shows spatially parallel currents and magnetic currents M, also 90 degrees apart. Based on the duality principle, it is deduced that the electric field generated by the magnetic current M corresponds to the electric field generated by the orthogonal currents; that is, the electric field generated by I2 is the same as the electric field generated by M1.

[0103] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized field synthesized by a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M with a phase difference of 90 degrees, provided in an embodiment of this application. If a set of parallel currents I1 and magnetic currents M is constructed, then according to the right-hand screw rule, a transmission direction k perpendicular to this plane will be generated.

[0104] Please see Figure 8 The direction of the first electric field E1 is orthogonal to the direction of the second electric field E2. The first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 can form two orthogonal circularly polarized components, thereby forming a first circularly polarized antenna by the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 in the first resonant mode.

[0105] Optionally, the first radiator 10 is positioned at the top edge 321 when folded. According to the right-hand screw rule, the first electric field E1 along the second direction and the second electric field E2 along the first direction form a transmission direction from the first floor 510 to the top edge 321, that is, the energy flow direction of the circularly polarized field is towards the top edge 321, so as to facilitate communication with airborne satellite equipment.

[0106] The electronic device 1000 provided in this application embodiment includes a first radiator 10 spaced along the first side 511 of a first floor 510. The first radiator 10 includes a first ground terminal A1, a first feed point B1, and a first free terminal C1. The first ground terminal A1 is electrically connected to the first floor 510, and the first signal source 30 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1. A second floor 520 is disposed opposite to the first floor 510 along a first direction, and the second side 522 of the first floor 510 is aligned with the first side 511 of the second floor 520 in the first direction. A second radiator 20 is spaced along the second side 522 of the second floor 520, and the two ends of the second radiator 20 are a second ground terminal A2 and a third ground terminal A3, respectively. The second grounding terminal A2 and the third grounding terminal A3 are both electrically connected to the second ground plane 520. The first signal source 30 is used to excite the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band. In the first resonant mode, a resonant current is formed on the first radiator 10 along a second direction, which is the extension direction of the first radiator 10. A half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the second radiator 20. There is a current zero point between the second grounding terminal A2 and the third grounding terminal A3. The current strong point on the first radiator 10 corresponds to the current zero point on the second radiator 20. The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 form a first circularly polarized antenna in the first resonant mode. For signals transmitted via circularly polarized waves, such as GPS, BeiDou, and TianTong satellite bands, designing a circularly polarized antenna for transmitting and receiving GPS, BeiDou, and TianTong satellite bands can effectively improve the working efficiency of these bands.

[0107] Optionally, the phase difference between at least a portion of the resonant current in the first radiator 10 and at least a portion of the magnetic current M in the first resonant mode is 70° to 110°, therefore the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 is 70° to 110°. The phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 can be 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, 95°, 100°, 105°, or 110°.

[0108] In other words, please see Figure 8 In the first resonant mode, at least a portion of the current I1 in the resonant current of the first radiator 10 has a phase difference of approximately 90° with at least a portion of the magnetic current M. A phase difference of approximately 90° is formed between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2. Furthermore, the amplitude of the first electric field E1 is similar to the amplitude of the second electric field E2. The first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 form two circularly polarized components, and the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 combine to form a circularly polarized field. Thus, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 form a circularly polarized antenna.

[0109] In this embodiment, the electronic device 1000 is a foldable electronic device, thus forming two parallel and spaced radiators when the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state. One of these radiators is a main radiator, and the other is a parasitic radiator. The relative directions between the main radiator and the parasitic radiator are orthogonal to the extension direction of the main radiator. On the one hand, a first electric field E1 is formed on the main radiator, and a second electric field E2 with similar amplitude and a phase difference of nearly 90° is formed between the parasitic radiator and the main radiator, creating conditions for forming a circularly polarized antenna. The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are both disposed on the frame 320, making full use of the space on the frame 320 and reducing the space occupied inside the electronic device 1000. The first radiator 10 is disposed on the top edge 321, which is conducive to communication with satellite equipment and other devices in the air.

[0110] In this application, the relative positions between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are designed as follows, so that the first radiator 10 can excite the second radiator 20 to form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band, thereby forming a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M to constitute the conditions for circularly polarized wave transmission.

[0111] This application has the following design for the position of the current strong point on the first radiator 10 and the position of the current zero point on the second radiator 20.

[0112] In this embodiment, in the first resonant mode, the position of the current strong point on the first radiator 10 corresponds to the position of the current zero point on the second radiator 20. Specifically, the distance between the position of the current strong point on the first radiator 10 and the position of the current zero point on the second radiator 20 along the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0113] Since the current pattern formed on the second radiator 20 is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the midpoint of the second radiator 20 is defined as the zero point of the current on the second radiator 20, and the strong point of the current on the first radiator 10 is taken as the first ground terminal A1.

[0114] In the first alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 11 In the first resonant mode, the orthogonal projection of the current strong point (i.e. the first ground terminal A1) of the first radiator 10 in the first direction is located between the third ground terminal A3 and the center position of the second radiator 20, and the distance between the current strong point position on the first radiator 10 and the current zero point position on the second radiator 20 along the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0115] Thus, the strong current point on the first radiator 10 (i.e., the first ground terminal A1) is located near the zero current point (center position) on the second radiator 20, so that the relatively strong magnetic field of the first radiator 10 and the relatively strong electric field of the second radiator 20 are close to each other. The 1 / 4 wavelength current on the first radiator 10 excites the 1 / 2 wavelength current on the second radiator 20, forming the first electric field E1 component along the second direction and the second electric field E2 component along the first direction, thereby forming a circularly polarized field pointing from the second ground 520 to the first radiator 10, such as the GPS frequency band, or the Beidou satellite frequency band, or the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0116] In the second alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 12 In the first resonant mode, the orthogonal projection of the current strong point (i.e. the first ground terminal A1) of the first radiator 10 in the first direction is located at the center of the second radiator 20.

[0117] Thus, the strong current point on the first radiator 10 (i.e., the first grounding terminal A1) is directly opposite the zero current point (center position) on the second radiator 20, so that the relatively strong magnetic field of the first radiator 10 is close to the relatively strong electric field of the second radiator 20. The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are coupled through the spatial magnetic field and the spatial electric field, and the coupling effect is more obvious. The 1 / 4 wavelength current on the first radiator 10 is more likely to excite the 1 / 2 wavelength current on the second radiator 20, forming the first electric field E1 component along the second direction and the second electric field E2 component along the first direction, thereby forming a circularly polarized field pointing from the second ground 520 to the first radiator 10, such as the GPS frequency band, or the Beidou satellite frequency band, or the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0118] In the third alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 13 In the first resonant mode, the orthogonal projection of the current strong point (i.e. the first ground terminal A1) of the first radiator 10 in the first direction is located between the second ground terminal A2 and the center position of the second radiator 20, and the distance between the current strong point position on the first radiator 10 and the current zero point position on the second radiator 20 along the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0119] Thus, the strong current point on the first radiator 10 (i.e., the first ground terminal A1) is located near the zero current point (center position) on the second radiator 20, so that the relatively strong magnetic field of the first radiator 10 and the relatively strong electric field of the second radiator 20 are close to each other. The 1 / 4 wavelength current on the first radiator 10 excites the 1 / 2 wavelength current on the second radiator 20, forming the first electric field E1 component along the second direction and the second electric field E2 component along the first direction, thereby forming a circularly polarized field pointing from the second ground 520 to the first radiator 10, such as the GPS frequency band, or the Beidou satellite frequency band, or the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0120] Optionally, the first ground terminal A1 to the first free terminal C1 of the first radiator 10 is at least partially opposite to the current zero point position of the second radiator 20 to the second ground terminal A2. In other words, the length of the first radiator 10 is less than the length of the second radiator 20. A large portion of the length of the first radiator 10 is opposite to the portion between the center position of the second radiator 20 and the second ground terminal A2.

[0121] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the first resonant mode, the direction of the resonant current between the first ground terminal A1 and the first free terminal C1 of the first radiator 10 is the same as the direction of the resonant current between the current zero point of the second radiator 20 and the second ground terminal A2. In other words, at least a portion of the currents on the main radiating stub and the parasitic radiating stub, which are positioned opposite to the main radiating stub, are in the same direction, so that the parasitic radiating stub can improve the operating efficiency on the main radiating stub, that is, improve the efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 operating in the circularly polarized wave operating frequency band, and improve the circularly polarized communication performance.

[0122] If the currents on the main radiating stub and the parasitic radiating stub that are opposite to the main radiating stub are reversed, the far-field radiation energy of the main radiating stub may cancel out the far-field radiation energy of the parasitic stub, which is not conducive to improving the efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 operating in the circularly polarized wave band.

[0123] Optionally, the first free end C1 of the first radiator 10 is set to correspond to the second ground end A2 of the second radiator 20. Combined with the fact that the first ground end A1 is set to correspond to the current zero point position of the second radiator 20, it can be seen that the direction of the first ground end A1 of the first radiator 10 pointing to the first free end C1 is opposite to the direction of the second ground end A2 of the second radiator 20 pointing to the current zero point position.

[0124] When a quarter-wavelength current is formed on the first radiator 10, the current on the first radiator 10 and the first ground plane 510 flows longitudinally from the bottom of the first ground plane 510 to the top first ground terminal A1, and then flows through the first ground terminal A1 to the first free terminal C1. Since a capacitor plate structure is formed between the first ground plane 510 and the second ground plane 520, an electric field is formed between them. Therefore, the current on the second ground plane 520 flows from the end of the second ground plane 520 where the second radiator 20 is located to the end away from the second radiator 20. That is, the current on the second ground plane 520 flows from the top to the bottom. This allows the current on the second radiator 20 to flow from the current zero point to the position of the second ground terminal A2. Thus, the direction of the resonant current between the first ground terminal A1 and the first free terminal C1 of the first radiator 10 is the same as the direction of the resonant current between the current zero point of the second radiator 20 and the second ground terminal A2.

[0125] If the direction of the first ground terminal A1 of the first radiator 10 pointing to the first free terminal C1 is opposite to the direction of the second ground terminal A2 of the second radiator 20 pointing to the current zero point, a current in the same direction as the first radiator 10 cannot be excited between the zero point of the second radiator 20 and the second ground terminal A2, and thus a 1 / 2 wavelength current cannot be excited on the second radiator 20, and a magnetic current M cannot be formed in the slot space, and thus a circularly polarized antenna cannot be formed between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20.

[0126] Optional, please refer to Figures 11 to 13 The distance between the second grounding terminal A2 and the first free terminal C1 in the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the first frequency band. Referring to the foregoing, the orthographic projection of the first free terminal C1 in the second direction may be located between the current zero point of the second radiator 20 and the second grounding terminal A2; the orthographic projection of the first free terminal C1 in the second direction may be located at the second grounding terminal A2; or, the orthographic projection of the first free terminal C1 in the second direction may be located on the side of the second grounding terminal A2 opposite to the current zero point of the second radiator 20.

[0127] Further, please refer to Figure 12 The center positions of the first grounding terminal A1 and the second radiator 20 are opposite each other in the second direction, so that the strongest magnetic field and the strongest electric field are directly opposite each other and have the minimum distance, and the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 have a high coupling efficiency.

[0128] The first signal source 30 also excites the second radiator 20 to form a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band. The center frequency of the second frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the first frequency band. In other words, the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is less than twice the electrical length of the first radiator 10, and the length of the first radiator 10 is close to half the length of the second radiator 20. By making the resonant point of the frequency band supported by the parasitic radiating stub greater than the resonant point of the frequency band supported by the main radiating stub, the efficiency dip after the resonant point of the second resonant mode can be moved away from the first frequency band, and the efficiency bulge formed before the resonant point of the second resonant mode can be located near the first frequency band, thereby improving the efficiency of the first frequency band.

[0129] Further, please refer to Figure 12 The first free end C1 and the second ground end A2 are opposite each other in the second direction. Thus, the center frequency of the second frequency band supported by the second radiator 20 is closer to the center frequency of the first frequency band, and the coupling effect between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 is stronger, and the amplitude of the first electric field E1 is closer to the amplitude of the second electric field E2.

[0130] This application does not impose specific limitations on the specific structure of the first radiator 10. The following examples illustrate this.

[0131] In the first alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 5 The first grounding terminal A1 and the first feed point B1 are spaced apart. The first feed point B1 is located between the first grounding terminals A1. In other words, the first radiator 10 is an IFA antenna. The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode resonating on the first radiator 10 that supports the first frequency band. Specifically, the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band to be formed between the second grounding terminal A2 and the first free terminal C1. The term "close to" here refers to a fluctuation of 1 / 10 wavelength.

[0132] The electrical length described in this application can satisfy the following formula:

[0133]

[0134] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in the free scene.

[0135] As mentioned above, the antenna of the first radiator 10 is an IFA antenna. The first resonant mode is close to or is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The 1 / 4 wavelength mode is the ground mode of the IFA antenna and has relatively high efficiency, so as to ensure that the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode has relatively high efficiency.

[0136] In the second alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 14 The first feed point B1 and the first free end C1 are the opposite ends of the first radiator 10. The antenna assembly 100 also includes a first matching circuit M1. The first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1 and the first signal source 30. The first matching circuit M1 includes a grounding device. In other words, the first feed point B1 is also a first grounding terminal A1. The first grounding terminal A1 is grounded through the grounding device. In other words, the first radiator 10 is a monopole antenna.

[0137] Optionally, in the first resonant mode, a quarter-wavelength mode of the first frequency band is formed on the first radiator 10.

[0138] Specifically, the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is close to or equal to one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the second ground terminal A2 and the first free terminal C1 to form a one-quarter wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band. As mentioned above, the antenna form of the first radiator 10 is a monopole antenna, and the first resonant mode is close to or equal to one-quarter wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The one-quarter wavelength mode is the ground mode of the monopole antenna and has relatively high efficiency, so as to ensure that the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode has relatively high efficiency.

[0139] In the third alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 15 The first radiator 10 further includes a second free end C2. The second free end C2 and the first free end C1 are the opposite ends of the first radiator 10. In the first resonant mode, a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the first radiator 10. In other words, the first radiator 10 is a T-antenna. The first resonant mode includes a half-wavelength mode resonating on the first radiator 10 that supports the first frequency band. Specifically, the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is close to or equal to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the formation of a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end C1 and the second free end C2.

[0140] The resonant current between the first grounding terminal A1 and the first free terminal C1 is in the opposite direction to the resonant current between the first grounding terminal A1 and the second free terminal C2.

[0141] As mentioned above, the antenna configuration of the first radiator 10 is a T-antenna. The first resonant mode is close to or is a half-wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The half-wavelength mode is the ground state mode of the T-antenna and has relatively high efficiency, ensuring that the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode has relatively high efficiency. The current mode on the T-antenna is also called the T-antenna radiation mode.

[0142] The antenna assembly 100, formed by the above-described structures of the first radiator 10, the second radiator 20, and the relative positions of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, has a total radiation direction in the first resonant mode that is the direction in which the first radiator 10 is away from the first floor 510. When the first radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321, the total radiation direction in the first resonant mode is towards the side where the top edge 321 is located.

[0143] In this embodiment, a preset capacitor is formed between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 when the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state. The preset capacitor makes the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 70° to 110°.

[0144] The phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 changes with the capacitance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. The capacitance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 changes with the coupling length and coupling distance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20.

[0145] Specifically, by designing the coupling length between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, and designing the coupling distance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, the coupling capacitance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 is determined, and the coupling capacitance is set to a preset value. When the capacitance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 is the preset value, the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 is approximately 90°.

[0146] Optionally, the electronic device 1000 is a foldable device. In its folded state, the first main body 710 and the second main body 720 can rotate to different angles. For example, the angle between the first main body 710 and the second main body 720 is a first angle, such as 0°; or, the angle between the first main body 710 and the second main body 720 is a second angle, such as 3°; or, the angle between the first main body 710 and the second main body 720 is a third angle, such as 5°. The electronic device 1000 includes a pivot 730 rotatably connected between the first main body 710 and the second main body 720. The pivot 730 has a locking element. The locking member is used to lock the first body 710 and the second body 720 at the first angle, the second angle, or the third angle mentioned above, so as to change the coupling distance between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, thereby adjusting the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2, so that the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 is around 90°, which is beneficial for the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 to form a circularly polarized field.

[0147] Optional, please refer to Figure 16 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first tuning circuit T1. One end of the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected to the second ground terminal A2, and the other end of the first tuning circuit T1 is grounded. The first tuning circuit T1 is used to tune the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2, so that the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 is close to 90°, which is beneficial for the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 to form a circularly polarized field.

[0148] Please see Figure 16 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a second tuning circuit T2. One end of the second tuning circuit T2 is electrically connected to the third ground terminal A3, and the other end of the second tuning circuit T2 is grounded. The second tuning circuit T2 is used to tune the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2, so that the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 is close to 90°, which is beneficial for the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 to form a circularly polarized field.

[0149] Further, please refer to Figure 16The first tuning circuit T1 includes a first tuning switch T11 and multiple first tuning branches T12. The fixed terminal of the first tuning switch T11 is electrically connected to the second ground terminal A2. The selected terminal of the first tuning switch T11 is electrically connected to the multiple first tuning branches T12. The other end of each first tuning branch T12 is used to electrically connect to the second ground plane 520. Each first tuning branch T12 includes a large capacitor or a small inductor. For example, a large capacitor increases the phase of the second electric field E2. The large capacitor is, for example, greater than 10 pF, and the small inductor is, for example, less than 2 nH. The inclusion of a large capacitor or a small inductor in the first tuning branch T12 facilitates the increase in the phase of the second electric field E2, making the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 close to 90°, which is beneficial for the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 to form a circularly polarized field.

[0150] Optional, please refer to Figure 16 The second tuning circuit T2 includes a second tuning switch T21 and multiple second tuning branches T22. The fixed terminal of the second tuning switch T21 is electrically connected to the third ground terminal A3. The selector terminal of the second tuning switch T21 is electrically connected to the multiple second tuning branches T22. The other end of each second tuning branch T22 is used to electrically connect to the second ground plane 520. Each second tuning branch T22 includes a large capacitor or a small inductor. For example, a large capacitor increases the phase of the second electric field E2. The large capacitor is, for example, greater than 10 pF, and the small inductor is, for example, less than 2 nH. The inclusion of a large capacitor or a small inductor in the second tuning branch T22 facilitates the increase in the phase of the second electric field E2, making the phase difference between the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 close to 90°, which is beneficial for the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 to form a circularly polarized field.

[0151] Optionally, both the first tuning circuit T1 and the second tuning circuit T2 have low impedance, resulting in low impedance grounding paths for both the second grounding terminal A2 and the third grounding terminal A3, with relatively balanced impedances to form two grounding paths. Optionally, the first tuning circuit T1 includes at least one of a short-circuit line, a capacitor, and an inductor. The second tuning circuit T2 includes at least one of a short-circuit line, a capacitor, and an inductor.

[0152] Of course, by changing the amplitude of the second electric field E2 through the positioning component and changing the phase of the second electric field E2 through the first tuning circuit T1, it is beneficial for the first electric field E1 and the second electric field E2 to form a circularly polarized field.

[0153] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of an electronic device 1000, which comprises a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M with a 90-degree phase difference, according to an embodiment of this application. It is difficult to find a set of perpendicularly orthogonal currents in electronic devices such as mobile phones 1000, but a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M is easier to achieve.

[0154] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000, which constitutes a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M with a 90-degree phase difference, in a folded state, according to an embodiment of this application. A first radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321. The first radiator 10 is an IFA antenna. A first signal source 30 is a Tiantong satellite signal excitation source. A first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first feed point B1 and the first signal source 30. A second radiator 20 is located at the bottom edge 322. The first tuning circuit T1 and the second tuning circuit T2 include, but are not limited to, short circuits, capacitors, or inductors. The second radiator 20 is used to generate a closed-loop circular polarization characteristic with the first radiator 10. In the closed-loop scenario (the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state), the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are coupled. The first ground terminal A1 of the first radiator 10 faces the center position of the second radiator 20 (where the current is minimum and the voltage is maximum), while the first free terminal C1 of the first radiator 10 faces the second ground terminal A2 of the second radiator 20, thus forming a spatial electric field-spatial magnetic field coupling. In the scenario where the cover is closed, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 operate simultaneously. A half-wavelength current mode is excited on the second radiator 20, thereby forming a magnetic current M in the slot space. This magnetic current M, combined with the current on the first radiator 10, forms a parallel magnetic current M and current to achieve satellite communication. In this embodiment, when the user uses the electronic device 1000, the display screen of the electronic device 1000 can provide prompts to guide the user to close the cover and connect to the Tiantong satellite.

[0155] Please see Figure 17 , Figure 17 These are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application embodiment under the first resonant mode. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve. Curve a3 is the overall efficiency curve. When the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are easily coupled and excited through a strong electric field and a strong magnetic field in space. The resonant point of the first resonant mode (the center frequency of the first frequency band) is approximately 2 GHz.

[0156] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the first resonant mode according to an embodiment of this application. The current in the first radiator 10 flows from the first ground plane 510 through the first grounding terminal A1 to the first free end C1, where the first grounding terminal A1 is a strong magnetic field location. The current in the second radiator 20 flows in the opposite direction from the center zero point position through the second grounding terminal A2 to the second ground plane 520, and through the third grounding terminal A3 to the second ground plane 520. The current in the first ground plane 510 is vertically upward, and the current in the second ground plane 520 is vertically downward. Thus, the electric field direction between the first ground plane 510 and the second ground plane 520 is perpendicular to the ground plane direction. The current mode in the first radiator 10 is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The current mode in the second radiator 20 is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

[0157] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the current-magnetic current M distribution of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the first resonant mode according to an embodiment of this application. Since the slot space between the second radiator 20 and the second ground 520 is equivalent to a magnetic current M, according to the right-hand screw rule, a set of parallel current-magnetic currents M, when their amplitudes are similar and their phase difference is close to 90°, form a circularly polarized field, wherein the transmission direction k of the circularly polarized field is upward.

[0158] Please see Figure 18 , Figure 18 This is the total field radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the figure, the total field radiation pattern is in the upward direction (referencing the direction from the ground 500 to the first radiator 10).

[0159] Please see Figure 19 , Figure 19 This is the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the figure, the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern is upward (referencing the direction from the ground plane 500 to the first radiator 10). This indicates that left-hand circular polarization is the dominant circular polarization.

[0160] Please see Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the figure, the upward radiation in the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern is relatively weak. This indicates that the right-hand circular polarization accounts for a small proportion of the total field radiation.

[0161] Please see Figure 21 , Figure 21This is a 3D diagram of the axial ratio of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the figure, the recessed areas are regions with low axial ratios. The axial ratio is very low in the upward direction (referring to the direction from the ground plane 500 to the first radiator 10).

[0162] As can be seen, both the total field radiation pattern and the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern radiate upwards, while the right-hand circularly polarized pattern shows almost no upward radiation. In terms of axial ratio, the upward direction exhibits a very low axial ratio. The antenna assembly 100 generates excellent left-hand circularly polarized characteristics with both the primary radiation direction and the primary polarization radiation direction pointing upwards in the first resonant mode. That is, by constructing parallel currents and magnetic currents M formed by the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, a total field / left-hand circularly polarized field radiation radiating upwards is generated.

[0163] Please see Figure 22 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a third radiator 40 and a second signal source 50.

[0164] Please see Figure 23 The third radiator 40 includes a fourth grounding terminal A4, a second feed point B2, and a third free terminal C3 arranged sequentially. The third free terminal C3 is spaced apart from the first grounding terminal A1. The orthographic projection of the third radiator 40 in the first direction is at least partially located on the second radiator 20.

[0165] Please see Figure 23 The third radiator 40 and the first radiator 10 can both be located on the top edge 321. When the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the portion of the first radiator 10 and the portion of the second radiator 20 from the center position to the second grounding terminal A2 are directly opposite each other, and the portion of the third radiator 40 and the portion of the second radiator 20 from the center position to the third grounding terminal A3 are directly opposite each other.

[0166] The second signal source 50 is electrically connected to the second feed point B2. The second signal source 50 is used to excite the third radiator 40 and the first ground plane 510 to form a third resonant mode supporting a third frequency band. The third frequency band includes the GPS frequency band, or the BeiDou satellite frequency band, or the TianTong satellite frequency band.

[0167] Optionally, the antenna configuration of the third radiator 40 is an IFA (Inductively Coupled) antenna. The third resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode supporting the third frequency band. In the third resonant mode, a resonant current is formed on the third radiator 40 along the second direction. Thus, a third electric field is formed at the third free end C3 of the third radiator 40 along the second direction. The second direction is the X-axis direction.

[0168] Optional, please refer to Figure 23The fourth grounding terminal A4 and the third grounding terminal A3 are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction. The third free end C3 and the center position of the third radiator 40 are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, so that both the third radiator 40 and the first radiator 10 can be arranged opposite to the second radiator 20.

[0169] Optionally, the third frequency band is the Tiantong satellite band, 1980MHz~2200MHz. The resonant point of the characteristic mode of the first ground plane 510 is approximately 2.1GHz. Therefore, the electrical length of the first ground plane 510 easily resonates in the frequency band of about 2GHz, and thus the first ground plane 510 is easily excited by the first radiator 10, forming a resonant current.

[0170] In the first resonant mode, since the energy of the first radiator 10 is greater, it excites the second radiator 20 to form branch radiation, thus the floor radiation is less.

[0171] Please see Figure 24 and Figure 25 In this embodiment, since the fourth grounding terminal A4 of the third radiator 40 corresponds to the third grounding terminal A3 of the second radiator 20, and the third free terminal C3 of the third radiator 40 corresponds to the center current zero point of the second radiator 20, it is impossible to simultaneously satisfy the requirement of forming longitudinally reverse currents on the first ground plane 510 and the second ground plane 520 while simultaneously forming a current in the same direction as the third radiator 40 between the third grounding terminal A3 of the second radiator 20 and the center current zero point of the second radiator 20. Therefore, the third radiator 40 cannot excite a half-wavelength current on the second radiator 20, but instead excites a ground current to form on the first ground plane 510.

[0172] Since the first ground plane 510 is approximately rectangular, the edges of the first ground plane 510 have resonant currents along the Y-axis and along the X-axis.

[0173] For details, please refer to Figure 25 The first ground plane 510 further includes a third side 512 perpendicular to the first side 511. In the third resonant mode, the first ground plane 510 forms a first ground plane current (e.g., ...) on the first side 511. Figure 25 The middle horizontal current portion) and the second ground current formed on the third side 512 (e.g.) Figure 25 (Vertical current portion). The first ground current and the second ground current form orthogonal components of a circularly polarized wave.

[0174] At least one set of orthogonal currents with a 90-degree phase difference and similar amplitudes are formed from the resonant currents along the Y-axis and along the X-axis, thereby forming a set of circularly polarized components and synthesizing a circularly polarized field. Therefore, the third radiator 40 and the first ground plane 510 form a second circularly polarized antenna in the third resonant mode.

[0175] Please see Figure 22 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a second matching circuit M2. The second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between the second signal source 50 and the second feed point B2. The second matching circuit M2 and the second signal source 50 can be connected via a coaxial line, and the second matching circuit M2 and the second feed point B2 are electrically connected via a feed spring (conductive spring). The second matching circuit M2 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The second matching circuit M2, by adjusting the impedance matching between the second signal source 50 and the third radiator 40, facilitates the excitation of the third resonant mode. Further, the second matching circuit M2 may also include an antenna switch and multiple matching branches electrically connected to the antenna switch. The antenna switch, by switching different matching branches, achieves impedance matching when switching the frequency band supported by the third radiator 40 or when switching between different signals (Tiantong satellite band or mobile communication band) supported by the third radiator 40.

[0176] The antenna assembly 100 formed by the above-described structure of the third radiator 40 and the relative positions of the second ground 520 and the third radiator 40 has a total radiation direction in the third resonant mode that is the direction in which the first ground 510 is away from the second ground 520.

[0177] Please see Figure 22 , Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the third radiator 40 and the second radiator 20 in their unfolded state, as provided in the embodiments of this application. The third radiator 40 is located at the top edge 321. The third radiator 40 is an IFA antenna. The second signal source 50 is a Tiantong satellite signal excitation source. The second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between the second feed point B2 and the first signal source 30. The second radiator 20 is located at the bottom edge 322. The first tuning circuit T1 and the second tuning circuit T2 include, but are not limited to, short circuits, capacitors, or inductors. The third radiator 40 is used to generate a closed circular polarization characteristic with the first ground plane 510.

[0178] Please see Figure 23 , Figure 23This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000, which constitutes a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M with a phase difference of 90 degrees, in a folded state, according to an embodiment of this application. In the closed scenario (the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state), the third radiator 40 excites a set of orthogonal currents with a phase difference of nearly 90 degrees and similar amplitudes on the first ground plate 510 to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0179] Please see Figure 26 , Figure 26 These are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment of the application in the third resonant mode. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve. Curve a3 is the overall efficiency curve. The resonant point of the third resonant mode (the center frequency of the third frequency band) is approximately 2.1 GHz.

[0180] Please see Figure 24 , Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the stub current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application embodiment in the third resonant mode. When the third radiator 40 is excited in the form of an IFA main stub, the fourth ground terminal A4 is directly opposite the third ground terminal A3 of the second radiator 20, while the third free terminal C3 is opposite to the center of the second radiator 20. The third radiator 40 and the second radiator 20 form a structure similar to a parallel plate capacitor. In this structure, the second signal source 50 mainly excites a quarter-wavelength current to form on the third radiator 40, while almost no current flows through the second radiator 20.

[0181] Please see Figure 25 , Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the ground current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the third resonant mode according to an embodiment of this application. It can be seen that currents are also formed along the X-axis and Y-axis directions on the ground, forming a set of orthogonal electric fields with a 90° phase difference and similar amplitudes, thereby generating circularly polarized energy radiation. At this time, the main polarization contribution comes from the currents of the third radiator 40 and the first ground 510 (since the satellite communication frequency is not high, and the reference ground 500 is reduced to half its original size, the ground current has a strong contribution), and the propagation direction k is perpendicular to the plane containing the two current directions. Therefore, the main propagation direction at this time is forward radiation (the direction from the second ground 520 to the first ground 510).

[0182] Please see Figure 27 , Figure 27 This is the total field radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the figure, the total field radiation pattern is the direction from the second ground plane 520 to the first ground plane 510.

[0183] Please see Figure 28 , Figure 28This is the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of this application in the first resonant mode. As shown in the figure, the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern is in the direction from the second ground plane 520 to the first ground plane 510. This indicates that left-hand circular polarization is the dominant circular polarization.

[0184] Please see Figure 29 , Figure 29 This is the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the figure, the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern mainly radiates downwards. This indicates that the right-hand circular polarization accounts for a small proportion of the total field radiation.

[0185] Please see Figure 30 , Figure 30 This is a 3D diagram of the axial ratio of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiments of this application in the first resonant mode. As can be seen from the diagram, the recessed areas are positions with low axial ratios. The second ground plane 520 has a very low axial ratio in the direction pointing from the first ground plane 510.

[0186] As can be seen, both the total field radiation pattern and the left-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern point forward (the second floor 520 points in the direction of the first floor 510), while the right-hand circularly polarized radiation pattern points downward. In terms of axial ratio, there is a very low axial ratio in the forward direction, which means that a good left-hand circularly polarized characteristic is generated, where both the main radiation direction and the main polarization radiation direction are mainly forward.

[0187] Please see Figure 31 , Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the first radiator 10, the third radiator 40, and the second radiator 20 in their unfolded state, as provided in the embodiments of this application. The first radiator 10 and the third radiator 40 are both disposed along the first side 511 of the first floor 510.

[0188] Please see Figure 32 , Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of this application in a folded state.

[0189] Please see Figure 32 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a switching unit 60. The first signal source 30 and the second signal source 50 are the same signal source. The fixed terminal of the switching unit 60 is electrically connected to the first signal source 30. The selection terminal of the switching unit 60 switches the first signal source 30 to be electrically connected to the first feed point B1 or the second feed point B2. When the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first matching circuit M1 and a second matching circuit M2, the selection terminal of the switching unit 60 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1 through the first matching circuit M1, and the other selection terminal of the switching unit 60 is electrically connected to the second feed point B2 through the second matching circuit M2.

[0190] In other words, when the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the first radiator 10 and the third radiator 40 share a first signal source 30 via the switching unit 60. When the first radiator 10 is electrically connected to the first signal source 30, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 form a circularly polarized antenna, generating circularly polarized radiation from the first ground plane 510 towards the direction of the first radiator 10, i.e., radiation from the top of the electronic device 1000. When the third radiator 40 is electrically connected to the first signal source 30, the third radiator 40 excites the first ground plane 510 to generate circularly polarized radiation from the second ground plane 520 towards the direction of the first ground plane 510, i.e., radiation from the rear cover side of the electronic device 1000. The switching of the switching unit 60 achieves the reconstruction of the radiation pattern direction of the circularly polarized radiation.

[0191] In a real-world scenario, when the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state and connected to a satellite communication frequency band, the electronic device 1000 switches the state of the switching unit 60 at a certain frequency to switch the radiation pattern of circular polarization until it is connected to a stable satellite communication frequency band.

[0192] By selecting either the first radiator 10 or the third radiator 40 through the switching unit 60, top or rear cover radiation for satellite communication can be achieved, thus enabling complementary radiation patterns. This merges two application scenarios, enabling the control and spatial multiplexing of satellite communication radiation patterns. During actual operation, the electronic device 1000 prompts operation information to roughly align the radiation pattern with the satellite. The switching unit 60 then switches to select a primary radiation direction that is more aligned with the satellite, which is then used as the main satellite antenna.

[0193] The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are arranged in parallel, which can be achieved when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state. When the foldable electronic device is in an unfolded state, the first radiator 10, the second radiator 20, and the third radiator 40 also have the following working states, including but not limited to.

[0194] In the first alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 33 When the electronic device 1000 is in the deployed state, the first radiator 10 can remain electrically connected to the first signal source 30, which is used to provide an excitation source for the Tiantong satellite frequency band. In other words, even when the electronic device 1000 is in the deployed state, the first radiator 10 still operates in the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0195] In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is a T-shaped antenna. The first signal source 30 excites the first radiator 10 to form a fourth resonant mode supporting the first frequency band (Tiantong satellite frequency band). The fourth resonant mode is a 1 / 2 wavelength resonant mode. The resonant current flows from one end of the T-shaped antenna to the other end, with basically no current or very little current going to ground. It is also called the T-balanced mode.

[0196] In the fourth resonant mode, a floor current parallel to the resonant current of the first radiator 10 is formed at the edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 in the T-balance mode acts as a reflective surface. Therefore, in the T-balance mode, the reference floor 500 can reflect the radiation of the first radiator 10 in a direction away from the reference floor 500, causing the first radiator 10 to form a radiation component in the fourth resonant mode that radiates from the first radiator 10 in a direction away from the reference floor 500 (upwards), thus increasing the proportion of the upper hemisphere. When the first radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321, the direction in which the first radiator 10 is away from the reference floor 500 is the direction from the reference floor 500 towards the top edge 321.

[0197] In other words, since the main current in the balanced mode of the T antenna is concentrated in the antenna stubs, meaning the antenna stubs themselves constitute resonant elements, and the current on the reference ground 500 is relatively small, the balanced mode of the T antenna does not heavily depend on the radiation from the reference ground 500, and the reference ground 500 acts as a reflector. Therefore, the radiation direction of the T antenna has an upward component in its radiation pattern.

[0198] Furthermore, L parasitic stubs (one end grounded and the other end free) and T parasitic stubs (both ends free and the middle grounded) can be provided on one or both sides of the first radiator 10. Currents in the same direction are formed on both the first radiator 10 and the parasitic stubs to increase the radiation aperture and further improve the proportion of the upper hemisphere.

[0199] Optionally, the first radiator 10 can also be an IFA antenna, with IFA main stub + L parasitic stub, to form a Tiantong satellite antenna.

[0200] Optionally, the first radiator 10 and the third radiator 40 can form an IFA main branch + L parasitic branch to form a Tiantong satellite antenna.

[0201] The above enables the electronic device 1000 to conduct satellite communication in both folded and unfolded states.

[0202] In a second alternative embodiment, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a plurality of mobile communication signal sources. The mobile communication signal sources include a low-frequency signal source 31 and a mid-to-high-frequency signal source 32.

[0203] Optional, please refer to Figure 34When the electronic device 1000 is in the deployed state, the first feed point B1 is configured to be disconnected from the first signal source 30. In this case, the first radiator 10 can act as a parasitic stub, for example, when the third radiator 40 is used as a mid-to-high frequency antenna, the first radiator 10 acts as a parasitic stub of the mid-to-high frequency antenna to achieve dual-wave resonance and thus achieve full mid-to-high frequency coverage. Alternatively, the first feed point B1 can be configured to be disconnected from the first signal source 30 and electrically connected to the mid-to-high frequency signal source 32. In this case, the first radiator 10 can act as a mid-to-high frequency antenna to transmit and receive mid-to-high frequency signals. When the first radiator 10 switches from a circularly polarized antenna to a mid-to-high frequency antenna, the matching switch in the first matching circuit M1 also switches accordingly to achieve impedance matching of the mid-to-high frequency antenna.

[0204] This embodiment enables the first radiator 10 to function as a circularly polarized antenna in the folded state and as a mid-to-high frequency antenna or an L-parasitic stub in the unfolded state.

[0205] Optional, please refer to Figure 35 When the electronic device 1000 is in the deployed state, the second feed point B2 is configured to be disconnected from the first signal source 30. In this case, the third radiator 40 can act as a parasitic stub, for example, when the first radiator 10 is used as a mid-to-high frequency antenna, the third radiator 40 acts as a parasitic stub of the mid-to-high frequency antenna to achieve dual-wave resonance and thus achieve full mid-to-high frequency coverage. Alternatively, the second feed point B2 can be configured to be disconnected from the first signal source 30 and electrically connected to the mid-to-high frequency signal source 32. In this case, the third radiator 40 can act as a mid-to-high frequency antenna to transmit and receive mid-to-high frequency signals. When the third radiator 40 switches from a circularly polarized antenna to a mid-to-high frequency antenna, the matching switch in the second matching circuit M2 also switches accordingly to achieve impedance matching of the mid-to-high frequency antenna.

[0206] This embodiment enables the third radiator 40 to function as a circularly polarized antenna in the folded state and as a mid-to-high frequency antenna or an L-parasitic stub in the unfolded state.

[0207] In one alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 36 When the electronic device 1000 is in the unfolded state, the second ground terminal A2 is configured to be disconnected from the second floor 520 and electrically connected to the mid-to-high frequency signal source 32. At this time, the second radiator 20 is still in the form of a loop antenna, serving as a mid-to-high frequency antenna. This embodiment enables the second radiator 20 to function as a circularly polarized antenna in the folded state and as a mid-to-high frequency antenna in the unfolded state.

[0208] For another alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 37When the electronic device 1000 is in the unfolded state, the second grounding terminal A2 is configured to be disconnected from the second ground plane 520, making the second grounding terminal A2 a free end, and the third grounding terminal A3 is electrically connected to the second ground plane 520. The second radiator 20 also includes a third feed point B3 located between the second grounding terminal A2 and the third grounding terminal A3, and the third feed point B3 is configured to be electrically connected to the low-frequency signal source 31. Thus, the second radiator 20 forms an IFA antenna. When the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is half the wavelength of the Tiantong satellite band, the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is close to one-quarter of the wavelength of the low-frequency band, thus the second radiator 20 can be reused as a low-frequency antenna. This embodiment enables the second radiator 20 to function as a circularly polarized antenna in the folded state and as a low-frequency antenna in the unfolded state.

[0209] This application provides a satellite communication antenna design with switchable radiation pattern. By constructing a set of parallel currents and magnetic currents M, a left-hand circularly polarized wave is generated in a folded scenario. The beam has the conditions to interconnect satellites. The left-hand direction is mainly upward, while also taking into account the forward-facing satellite antenna scheme. A switching selection path is introduced at the radio frequency end. Specifically, the main antenna can be intelligently switched according to the user's actual usage posture to ensure connection quality.

[0210] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, and such improvements and refinements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising: The first floor, including the first side; A first radiator is spaced along the first side. The first radiator includes a first grounding end, a first feed point, and a first free end. The first grounding end is electrically connected to the first floor. A first signal source, which is electrically connected to the first feed point; A second floor, which is disposed opposite to the first floor along a first direction, includes a second side that is aligned with the first side in the first direction; The second radiator is spaced along the second side. The two ends of the second radiator are a second grounding end and a third grounding end, respectively. Both the second grounding end and the third grounding end are electrically connected to the second floor. At least a portion of the second radiator and the first radiator are opposite to and coupled in the first direction. The first signal source is used to excite the first radiator and the second radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band; in the first resonant mode, a resonant current is formed on the first radiator along a second direction, the second direction being the extension direction of the first radiator, a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the second radiator, there is a current zero point position between the second ground terminal and the third ground terminal, the current strong point position on the first radiator corresponds to the current zero point position on the second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator form a first circularly polarized antenna in the first resonant mode.

2. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, A magnetic current is formed between the second radiator and the second floor along the second direction.

3. The electronic device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The phase difference between at least a portion of the resonant current and at least a portion of the magnetic current in the first radiator in the first resonant mode is 70° to 110°.

4. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the position of the current strong point on the first radiator and the position of the current zero point on the second radiator along the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the first frequency band.

5. The electronic device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the second grounding terminal and the first free terminal in the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the first frequency band.

6. The electronic device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The first grounding end and the center of the second radiator are opposite each other in the first direction, and the first free end and the second grounding end are opposite each other in the first direction.

7. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In the first resonant mode, a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band is formed on the first radiator.

8. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first grounding terminal and the first feed point are spaced apart, and the first feed point is located between the first grounding terminals.

9. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first feed point and the first free end are respectively the two opposite ends of the first radiator. The antenna assembly also includes a matching circuit, which is electrically connected to the first feed point and the first signal source. The matching circuit includes a grounding device.

10. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator further includes a second free end, which is opposite to the first free end. In the first resonant mode, a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the first radiator. The resonant current between the first ground end and the first free end is opposite in direction to the resonant current between the first ground end and the second free end.

11. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first signal source also excites the second radiator to form a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band, the center frequency of the second frequency band being greater than the center frequency of the first frequency band.

12. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The total radiation direction of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is the direction in which the first radiator is away from the first floor.

13. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit. The first tuning circuit is electrically connected between the second ground terminal and the second ground plane, and the second tuning circuit is electrically connected between the third ground terminal and the second ground plane. The first tuning circuit includes at least one of a short circuit, a capacitor, and an inductor, and the second tuning circuit includes at least one of a short circuit, a capacitor, and an inductor.

14. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device is a foldable electronic device, which includes a first main body and a second main body. The first main body includes a first floor and a first radiator, and the second main body includes a second floor and a second radiator. The first main body and the second main body are movably connected. The electronic device is in a folded state or an unfolded state. When the electronic device is in a folded state, the first floor and the second floor are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart along the first direction, the second side is aligned with the first side in the first direction, and the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged at least partially opposite to each other in the first direction.

15. The electronic device as described in any one of claims 1-9 and 11-14, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a third radiator and a second signal source. The third radiator includes a fourth ground terminal, a second feed point, and a third free terminal arranged sequentially. The third free terminal is spaced apart from the first ground terminal. The orthographic projection of the third radiator in the first direction is at least partially located on the second radiator. The second signal source is electrically connected to the second feed point. The second signal source is used to excite the third radiator and the first ground plane to form a third resonant mode supporting the third frequency band. The third radiator and the first ground plane form a second circularly polarized antenna in the third resonant mode.

16. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The first ground plane also includes a third side perpendicular to the first side. In the third resonant mode, the first ground plane generates a first ground current on the first side and a first ground current on the third side. The first ground current and the first ground current form orthogonal components of a circularly polarized wave.

17. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The total radiation direction of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode is the direction in which the first ground plane is away from the second ground plane.

18. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The fourth grounding terminal and the third grounding terminal are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction, and the third free end and the center position of the third radiator are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction.

19. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a switching unit, wherein the first signal source and the second signal source are the same signal source, the fixed terminal of the switching unit is electrically connected to the first signal source, and the selection terminal of the switching unit switches the first signal source to be electrically connected to the first feed point or the second feed point.

20. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The first frequency band includes the GPS frequency band, or the BeiDou satellite frequency band, or the TianTong satellite frequency band; the third frequency band includes the GPS frequency band, or the BeiDou satellite frequency band, or the TianTong satellite frequency band. The antenna assembly also includes multiple mobile communication signal sources, including low-frequency signal sources or mid-to-high-frequency signal sources; when the electronic device is in the deployed state... The first feed point is configured to be disconnected from the first signal source, or the first feed point is configured to be disconnected from the first signal source and electrically connected to the mid-to-high frequency signal source; And / or, The second feed point is configured to be disconnected from the first signal source, or the second feed point is configured to be disconnected from the first signal source and electrically connected to the mid-to-high frequency signal source; And / or, The first grounding terminal is configured to be disconnected from the first floor and electrically connected to the mid-to-high frequency signal source; or, the first grounding terminal is configured to be disconnected from the first floor, and the second radiator further includes a third feed point located between the second grounding terminal and the third grounding terminal, the third feed point being configured to be electrically connected to a low frequency signal source.

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