Novel transponder information receiving device

Abstract

The application provides a novel transponder information receiving device. It comprises a recording module for recording and storing the working state data and original waveform data of the novel transponder information receiving device; a sending module for sending an energy signal to activate the transponder and transmitting the received transponder signal to the receiving module; a receiving module for receiving and demodulating the transponder signal and transmitting the demodulated signal to the communication control module, wherein the first demodulation circuit is used for extracting the baseband signal from the transponder signal, and the second demodulation circuit is used for converting the transponder analog signal into a digital signal through a zero-crossing comparison circuit; and a communication control module for controlling the signal output and receiving of the sending module and the receiving module, decoding the transponder message, and communicating with the vehicle-mounted control system. The application can improve the anti-interference ability of the device, improve the reliability of demodulation and decoding, avoid the loss of transponder information, and improve the availability and safety of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of train control system technology, and in particular to a novel transponder information receiving device. Background Technology

[0002] The ground transponder information receiving unit (BTM) is a key component in transmitting safety-related information between the ground transponder and the onboard train control equipment (ATP). This device transmits information via wireless radio frequency electromagnetic coupling through an antenna unit. The onboard antenna sends a 27.095MHz energy signal to activate the ground transponder, which then sends a frequency shift keying (FSK) modulated signal. The onboard BTM demodulates and decodes the signal, transmitting the information to the onboard control system.

[0003] In real-world applications, BTM (Band-Mount Transponder) equipment, especially in complex electromagnetic environments around antenna units, is susceptible to in-band interference, leading to demodulation and decoding anomalies, and even transponder information loss. Since different demodulation and decoding methods respond differently to interference, existing methods may not be effective in handling complex interference environments. Furthermore, as a safety-critical component of the train control system, the security of the decoding function of the BTM is paramount. Existing equipment lacks sufficient fault monitoring and data logging capabilities, failing to effectively support fault diagnosis and problem analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a novel transponder information receiving device to solve the problems of the prior art being easily interfered with, resulting in demodulation and decoding abnormalities, loss of transponder information, and reduced device availability.

[0005] This application provides a novel transponder information receiving device, comprising: a recording module for recording and storing the operating status data and raw waveform data of the novel transponder information receiving device; a transmitting module for transmitting an energy signal to activate the transponder and transmitting the received transponder signal to the receiving module, wherein the transponder signal is input to two demodulation circuits through two independent signal transmission paths; a receiving module for receiving and demodulating the transponder signal and transmitting the demodulated signal to a communication control module, wherein the receiving module includes two demodulation circuits, a first demodulation circuit for extracting the baseband signal from the transponder signal, and a second demodulation circuit for converting the transponder analog signal into a digital signal through a zero-crossing comparator circuit; and a communication control module for controlling the signal output and reception of the transmitting and receiving modules, decoding the transponder message, and communicating with the vehicle control system.

[0006] The above-described technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0007] The device includes a recording module for recording and storing the operating status data and raw waveform data of the novel transponder information receiving device; a transmitting module for sending an energy signal to activate the transponder and transmitting the received transponder signal to the receiving module, wherein the transponder signal is input to two demodulation circuits through two independent signal transmission paths; a receiving module for receiving and demodulating the transponder signal and transmitting the demodulated signal to the communication control module, wherein the receiving module includes two demodulation circuits, the first demodulation circuit for extracting the baseband signal from the transponder signal, and the second demodulation circuit for converting the transponder analog signal into a digital signal through a zero-crossing comparator circuit; and a communication control module for controlling the signal output and reception of the transmitting and receiving modules, decoding the transponder message, and communicating with the vehicle control system. This application can improve the device's anti-interference capability, enhance the reliability of demodulation and decoding, avoid transponder information loss, and improve the device's availability and security. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the novel transponder information receiving device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the demodulation heterogeneity principle provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the decoding heterogeneous principle provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the 27M signal and self-test signal transmission path provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0013] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the design principle of the self-test redundancy circuit for the novel BTM device transmitting module provided in this application embodiment;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a functional block diagram of BTM antenna redundancy control switching provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a functional block diagram of an application scenario where two BTM hosts share one antenna, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 8This is a flowchart of the original signal function of the transponder provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 9 This is a compatibility design block diagram of the communication interface provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0019] The BTM (Broadcast Transponder Information Receiver) is a safety transmission system that transmits safety-related information between the ground transponder and the onboard train control equipment (ATP). Information transmission is discrete point-to-point and relies on antenna units. The antenna units and transponders transmit information via radio frequency electromagnetic coupling. The onboard antenna transmits a 27.095MHz energy signal to activate the ground transponder, which then sends an FSK-modulated signal to the onboard BTM for further demodulation and decoding, transmitting the ground information to the onboard control system.

[0020] Communication between BTM devices and the ATP vehicle control system can take many forms, including PROFIBUS bus communication, RS422 / RS485 point-to-point communication, and CAN bus communication, each with its own communication protocol and mechanism. The common practice is to develop different communication boards for different communication protocols and interfaces, resulting in different BTM device models and incurring significant costs in product certification, testing, and engineering maintenance. Therefore, a design that integrates multiple hardware interfaces within the communication module, allowing selection of different communication protocol branches via hardware switches, can achieve compatibility with multiple interfaces and communication protocols.

[0021] In field applications, especially around the antenna unit, the electromagnetic environment of BTM equipment is complex. In-band interference can easily cause demodulation and decoding anomalies, leading to transponder loss. Different demodulation and decoding methods, or even the same method with different parameter settings, can result in varying effects from the same interference. Therefore, a heterogeneous design approach using demodulation circuits and decoding methods can be considered. This involves employing two different demodulation circuits and two different decoding methods for the same BTM, increasing the probability of successful demodulation and decoding under interference conditions. The two demodulation paths represent heterogeneous redundancy, further enhancing the equipment's availability and reliability.

[0022] Furthermore, BTM equipment may experience various faults during operation, such as decoding failures caused by external interference. Therefore, monitoring and recording these anomalies is crucial for investigating and analyzing equipment malfunctions. It is advisable to consider adding fault detection methods and data logging to critical circuits and signals in BTM equipment to enhance its maintainability.

[0023] In addition, BTM equipment is a critical safety device in the train control system, and the security of the decoding function in particular needs to be guaranteed. Therefore, a heterogeneous software decoding method can be considered, that is, using different software decoding algorithms and then using a two-out-of-two security comparison to increase the security of the equipment.

[0024] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a novel transponder information receiving device, mainly used for safe information transmission between ground transponders and onboard train control equipment (ATP). This device receives signals from the ground transponder through an antenna unit and transmits information via wireless radio frequency electromagnetic coupling. The onboard BTM equipment demodulates and decodes the frequency shift keying (FSK) modulated signals transmitted by the ground transponder and transmits the information to the onboard control system to ensure the safe operation of the train.

[0025] The new BTM device incorporates several technological innovations in its hardware design. Firstly, the device includes a power module, a recording module, a communication control module, a receiving module, and a transmitting module. The power module is responsible for converting the vehicle's power supply into a stable voltage required by each module. The recording module records the device's operating status and relevant parameters during the decoding process. The communication control module controls the operation of the receiving and transmitting modules and decodes transponder messages to interact with the vehicle's control system. The receiving module receives and demodulates the transponder signals, processing them through two independent demodulation circuits to improve the demodulation success rate. The transmitting module sends the energy signal to activate the transponder and transmits the received transponder signals to the receiving module.

[0026] In terms of demodulation design, the receiving module of this device adopts a heterogeneous design, configuring two different demodulation circuits to process the received signal redundantly. The first demodulation circuit transmits the signal to a narrowband filter circuit after bandpass filtering and gain adjustment, and extracts the baseband signal through envelope detection; the second demodulation circuit amplifies and limits the signal after bandpass filtering and gain adjustment, and converts the signal into a digital signal through a zero-crossing comparator. This dual-path demodulation design can effectively cope with interference and ensure the accuracy of demodulation results under complex electromagnetic environments. Redundancy is used between the two demodulation paths; if one demodulation circuit fails, the other path can continue to operate, thereby improving the reliability and availability of the equipment.

[0027] To further improve the reliability and security of decoding, the communication control module employs a redundant decoding scheme and a heterogeneous decoding scheme. Redundant decoding involves performing bitstream identification and decoding separately for signals obtained from two demodulation methods; successful decoding in either method is sufficient for use. The heterogeneous decoding process first involves the FPGA module performing bitstream identification and preliminary decoding, followed by a secondary decoding by the CPU module, which then votes on the results. Only when the decoding results from both methods match is the final decoded result transmitted to the vehicle control system. This dual decoding scheme and heterogeneous decoding design further enhance the device's error tolerance and security during the decoding process.

[0028] In addition, this equipment is specially designed with fault detection and monitoring functions. The recording module can monitor the working status and related parameters of the equipment as well as the raw waveform data in real time, so as to provide maintenance personnel with detailed fault information when a fault occurs.

[0029] The antenna unit and transmitting module of the equipment are connected by a coaxial cable. When two sets of BTM equipment are configured and combined with a switching device, it has the function of antenna or host failure detection and switching, ensuring that when an antenna or host fails, the equipment can automatically switch to the backup host and antenna to avoid signal loss.

[0030] To support various vehicle control systems, the communication control module of this device features excellent compatibility, allowing selection of different communication protocols via a DIP switch, and supporting both primary / backup redundancy and independent parallel communication mechanisms. This design not only reduces the diversity of device models but also decreases the costs of product certification, testing, and maintenance.

[0031] Therefore, in summary, this application significantly improves the demodulation reliability, safety, fault detection capability, and compatibility with the on-board control system of BTM equipment in complex electromagnetic environments through a variety of innovative designs, providing a more stable and reliable solution for the safe operation of the train control system.

[0032] The structure of the novel transponder information receiving device provided in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the novel transponder information receiving device provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the novel transponder information receiving device may specifically include the following:

[0033] Recording module 101 is used to record and store the working status data and raw waveform data of the new transponder information receiving device;

[0034] The transmitting module 102 is used to transmit an energy signal to activate the transponder and to transmit the received transponder signal to the receiving module. The transponder signal is input to two demodulation circuits through two independent signal transmission paths.

[0035] The receiving module 103 is used to receive and demodulate the transponder signal and transmit the demodulated signal to the communication control module. The receiving module includes two demodulation circuits. The first demodulation circuit is used to extract the baseband signal from the transponder signal, and the second demodulation circuit is used to convert the transponder analog signal into a digital signal through a zero-crossing comparison circuit.

[0036] The communication control module 104 is used to control the signal output and reception of the transmitting and receiving modules, decode the transponder messages, and communicate with the vehicle control system.

[0037] In some embodiments, the recording module is further configured to record relevant parameters during the decoding process and store them in a storage device, wherein the relevant parameters include decoding success rate, signal quality, decoding result, decoding error information and original waveform information.

[0038] Specifically, the recording module is used not only to record the device's operating status data, but also to record relevant parameters during the decoding process, and stores these parameters in a storage device. In some examples, the recording module monitors and records the following key parameters in real time while the device is running:

[0039] Decoding results: After each pass through the transponder, the recording module will record the decoding time and various decoding data, including signal duration, train speed at the corresponding decoding time, whether decoding was successful, decoding time, bit error rate, and the content of the decoded message data.

[0040] Decoding Error Messages: If an error occurs during the decoding process, the recording module will record the error occurrence time, error signal duration, corresponding train speed, and relevant equipment status in detail. When the error message meets certain conditions, the recording module will also record the original waveform of the error signal and store this information in a storage device. This error information will provide strong support for troubleshooting and equipment performance optimization.

[0041] During actual operation, the recording module of the BTM device records data based on the device's operating status and real-time information during the decoding process. First, upon receiving a signal from the ground transponder, the receiving module processes the signal through a demodulation circuit and transmits the demodulated signal to the communication control module. The communication control module decodes the received signal and determines whether the decoding was successful. Throughout this process, the recording module records the decoding result, decoding time, and corresponding signal quality in real time.

[0042] For example, the recording module continuously updates the status information during the decoding process through communication with the communication control module. When decoding is successful, the recording module saves the relevant decoding data; when a decoding error occurs, the recording module saves the error information and the original waveform record of the error signal. Signal quality data and error information are associated with each decoding operation and stored in a storage device to ensure that the system can be effectively tracked during subsequent maintenance.

[0043] Furthermore, the storage device is mainly used to store various information collected by the recording module, such as signal parameters, signal quality, decoding results, and error information. The capacity and storage cycle of the storage device are set according to actual needs. For BTM devices that operate for extended periods, the storage device can ensure that data storage is not full through periodic cleaning and data updates, and enable the timely recovery and updating of historical data.

[0044] According to the method described in this embodiment, the recording module can record and store important parameters related to the decoding process in real time during the operation of the BTM device, ensuring that the device's operating status and fault information are recorded and fed back in a timely manner. This not only enhances the maintainability of the device but also provides reliable data support for device optimization and troubleshooting.

[0045] In some embodiments, the transmitting module is used for downlink energy signal self-testing and transmits the transponder signal to two demodulation circuits respectively through a signal distribution device, wherein the signal distribution device includes impedance matching and a bandpass filter.

[0046] Specifically, in addition to transmitting power signals to the antenna, the BTM equipment's transmitting module is also responsible for receiving signals from the ground transponder and distributing them to two independent demodulation paths in the receiving module via a signal distribution device. Specifically, the signal distribution device includes an impedance matching and bandpass filter, which performs output impedance matching and appropriate frequency filtering on the received signal to ensure that the signal quality meets the requirements of subsequent demodulation.

[0047] When the receiving module receives a signal from the ground transponder, the signal is amplified by a power amplifier. The power amplifier's function is to ensure that the signal strength is sufficiently high under long-distance transmission and environmental interference, thereby improving the demodulation success rate.

[0048] Bandpass filters are used to filter out unwanted frequency components in the spectrum, retaining only the signal within the target frequency band. In this way, filters can effectively remove noise caused by electromagnetic interference or other irrelevant signal sources, ensuring that the signal transmitted to the demodulation circuit is purer and more stable.

[0049] The demodulation heterogeneity principle provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2This is a block diagram illustrating the demodulation heterogeneity principle provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the implementation principle and method of the demodulation method for the transponder signal in the receiving module in this embodiment may specifically include the following:

[0050] The two demodulation circuits in the receiving module employ different demodulation methods to redundantly process the same transponder signal, thereby increasing the probability of successful decoding and improving system reliability. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0051] The first demodulation circuit first performs bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the signal, then transmits the signal to a narrowband filter circuit for further processing. After narrowband filtering, the signal enters the envelope detection circuit, which finally extracts the baseband signal. This signal is then sent to the communication control module for decoding. This demodulation circuit uses envelope detection, which is suitable for processing signals with relatively stable frequencies.

[0052] The second demodulation circuit also performs bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the signal. The signal is then further amplified by an amplification and limiting circuit to ensure stable processing. Finally, the signal is converted by a zero-crossing comparator, and the output digital signal is sent to the communication control module. Unlike the first demodulation circuit, the second demodulation circuit uses a zero-crossing comparison method, which yields more detailed waveform information.

[0053] The two demodulation circuits are designed with redundancy, so even if one demodulation circuit fails, the other demodulation circuit can still operate normally and process the transponder signal. This redundancy design significantly improves the system's reliability.

[0054] For example, the system demodulates and decodes two signals simultaneously. If one demodulation circuit fails to decode the signal correctly, the system will automatically use the decoding result from the other demodulation path, thus ensuring that the information is correctly decoded and transmitted to the vehicle control system. In this way, the equipment can cope with demodulation failures caused by electromagnetic interference or other reasons.

[0055] Because the two demodulation circuits employ different demodulation methods, the impact of interference signals on the two paths differs. During demodulation, the system can identify the location of interference by comparing the demodulation results of the two paths, further optimizing system performance and providing fault analysis data. For example, when interference signals affect the first demodulation path, the second demodulation path can still successfully demodulate the signal, thereby increasing the probability of successful decoding.

[0056] The demodulation method for transponder signals may specifically include the following steps:

[0057] After passing through a bandpass filter and impedance matching, the signal is split into two by the signal distribution device and transmitted to two demodulation circuits in the receiving module.

[0058] The first demodulation circuit performs bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the signal, and extracts the baseband signal through narrowband filtering and envelope detection.

[0059] The second demodulation circuit performs bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the signal, and converts it into a digital signal through amplification, limiting, and zero-crossing comparators.

[0060] The demodulated signal is transmitted to the communication control module for decoding.

[0061] If one demodulation circuit fails, the other demodulation circuit can still independently complete the demodulation task, thereby ensuring the stability of information transmission and the reliability of the system.

[0062] For example, in practical applications, when the vehicle-mounted BTM device receives a signal from a ground transponder, it splits the signal in two and transmits them to two demodulation circuits. The first demodulation circuit successfully extracts the baseband signal through envelope detection, while the second demodulation circuit, due to strong interference in the signal, converts it into a digital signal using a zero-crossing comparator and successfully decodes it. Finally, the communication control module compares the demodulation results of the two paths, successfully decodes the transponder signal, and transmits the decoding result to the vehicle-mounted control system.

[0063] During this process, if one of the demodulation circuits fails for some reason (such as overload or interference), the system will automatically use another demodulation path to complete the signal decoding, ensuring that information transmission is not interrupted.

[0064] According to the method of this embodiment, the transponder signal is transmitted to two independent demodulation paths through a signal distribution device, and different demodulation methods are used for processing. Through redundant design and different demodulation methods, the system can effectively cope with electromagnetic interference and equipment failures, improving the decoding success rate and system reliability.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first demodulation circuit is used to perform bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the transponder signal, transmit the gain-adjusted first signal to the narrowband filter circuit, and extract the baseband signal from the first signal using envelope detection.

[0066] Specifically, the received transponder signal passes through a bandpass filter in the first demodulation circuit. The bandpass filter filters out unwanted signals in the spectrum, retaining only signals within the target frequency band. This step helps suppress noise caused by electromagnetic interference or other irrelevant signal sources, ensuring that the signal quality is high enough for further processing.

[0067] Further, after bandpass filtering, the signal enters the gain adjustment circuit. The purpose of gain adjustment is to amplify or attenuate the signal amplitude to ensure that the signal strength is suitable for subsequent demodulation processing. Gain adjustment brings the signal to a predetermined level, thereby improving the accuracy of demodulation.

[0068] Furthermore, the gain-adjusted signal then enters a narrowband filter circuit. The narrowband filter further filters out irrelevant frequency components from the wideband signal, further improving signal quality. Narrowband filtering can precisely selectively process the target frequency range, retaining only signals within that range, thereby further reducing the impact of noise and interference.

[0069] Further, after narrowband filtering, the signal enters the envelope detection circuit. Envelope detection is a nonlinear signal processing technique used to extract low-frequency baseband signals from modulated signals. This process extracts the signal envelope by rectifying and low-pass filtering the signal, thereby reconstructing the baseband signal.

[0070] During this process, the envelope detection circuit processes the signal after narrowband filtering, eliminating the modulated high-frequency components, retaining only the baseband signal, and removing useless high-frequency noise components. At this point, the main content of the signal is the original information transmitted by the transponder.

[0071] Furthermore, the baseband signal extracted through envelope detection will be transmitted to the communication control module. Upon receiving the baseband signal, the communication control module will perform further decoding. The decoded information will then be transmitted to the onboard control system to achieve safe information transmission for the train control system.

[0072] For example, in some cases, assuming the BTM device receives a signal from a ground transponder, the signal first passes through a bandpass filter to remove unwanted frequency bands. Next, the signal enters a gain adjustment circuit for amplitude adjustment, ensuring the signal strength is suitable for further processing. Then, the signal passes through a narrowband filter circuit to precisely select the signal within the target frequency range, filtering out interference components from other frequency bands. Finally, the signal passes through an envelope detector circuit to extract the baseband signal, eliminating high-frequency components and retaining only the original information. After this series of processing steps, the baseband signal is transmitted to the communication control module for decoding and then sent to the vehicle control system.

[0073] This embodiment successfully extracts the baseband signal from the transponder signal through steps such as bandpass filtering, gain adjustment, narrowband filtering, and envelope detection, ensuring that the signal quality is suitable for further decoding. Through this precise signal processing, the system can effectively reduce the impact of interference and noise, improve decoding accuracy, and ensure stable and reliable information transmission in the train control system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the second demodulation circuit is used to perform bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the transponder signal, amplify and limit the gain-adjusted second signal, and convert the second signal into a digital signal using a zero-crossing comparator.

[0075] Specifically, first, the received transponder signal passes through a bandpass filter in the second demodulation circuit. This bandpass filter functions similarly to the bandpass filter in the first demodulation circuit, its main task being to remove irrelevant frequency components from the signal, retaining only the signal within the target frequency band. The signal quality is improved after bandpass filtering, and the influence of irrelevant signals such as electromagnetic interference is reduced.

[0076] Next, the signal passes through a gain adjustment circuit. The function of the gain adjustment circuit is to amplify or attenuate the signal amplitude to ensure that the signal strength is suitable for subsequent processing. Through gain adjustment, it is ensured that the signal amplitude transmitted to subsequent circuits is not too small or too large, thereby avoiding decoding failure due to a weak signal or distortion due to a strong signal.

[0077] Furthermore, after gain adjustment, the signal enters the amplification and limiting circuit. The function of the amplification and limiting circuit is to further enhance the signal amplitude, ensuring that the signal is within the appropriate operating range and preventing distortion caused by excessive signal amplitude. Through this circuit, the signal strength is further stabilized to ensure that subsequent processing can be performed correctly and accurately.

[0078] The amplified and limited signal passes through a zero-crossing comparator circuit. A zero-crossing comparator is a device used to convert analog signals into digital signals. This circuit converts an analog sine wave signal into a digital square wave signal by detecting when the signal crosses a zero level and generating a high or low square wave level. The function of the zero-crossing comparator is to convert the amplitude information in the analog signal into a definite digital signal, facilitating subsequent digital demodulation and decoding.

[0079] After zero-crossing comparison, the output digital signal is transmitted to the communication control module. Upon receiving the digital signal, the communication control module further decodes it to obtain the final transponder information.

[0080] For example, in practical applications, when the BTM device receives a signal from a ground transponder, the signal first passes through a bandpass filter to remove unwanted frequency bands. Then, the signal undergoes gain adjustment to ensure its amplitude is suitable for subsequent processing. Next, the signal passes through an amplification and limiting circuit to further enhance its strength, ensuring it is not excessively weak or distorted. Finally, the signal is converted into a digital signal by a zero-crossing comparator circuit, ensuring clarity and demodulation. At this point, the digital signal is transmitted to the communication control module for further demodulation and decoding, and the final result is sent to the vehicle control system.

[0081] This embodiment successfully converts the transponder signal from an analog signal to a digital signal through steps such as bandpass filtering, gain adjustment, amplification limiting, and zero-crossing comparison. The core of this signal processing is to accurately process the signal into a digital format for subsequent demodulation and decoding operations. This processing method not only improves signal quality but also ensures system reliability and decoding accuracy through fine-tuning at each step.

[0082] In some embodiments, the communication control module includes an FPGA module and a CPU module. The FPGA module is used to perform bit stream identification and preliminary decoding on the signals output by the two demodulation circuits, and the CPU module is used to perform secondary decoding on the preliminary decoding result and confirm the final decoding result.

[0083] Specifically, this embodiment will describe in detail the working principle of the communication control module in the new BTM device, especially how the FPGA module and the CPU module work together to decode the two digital signals from the receiving module and finally generate a decoding result usable by the vehicle control system.

[0084] The decoding heterogeneity principle provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the decoding heterogeneous principle provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the implementation principle and method of the decoding method for transponder signals in this embodiment may specifically include the following:

[0085] In this embodiment, the receiving module receives the signal from the ground transponder and demodulates it through two independent demodulation circuits. After demodulation, the two signals are converted into digital signals and simultaneously transmitted to the FPGA module in the communication control module. These two signals originate from different demodulation channels, therefore they differ in form and processing requirements. The FPGA module of the communication control module processes these two signals separately.

[0086] The FPGA module is a key component for signal processing, its function being bitstream identification and preliminary decoding. The FPGA module can efficiently process digital signals from two demodulation circuits, utilizing different decoding methods and algorithms to decode these two signals. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0087] Bit stream identification: The FPGA module first performs bit stream identification on the received digital signal, that is, identifies the start and end positions of each bit of data in the signal to ensure that the bit stream can be correctly extracted during the decoding process.

[0088] Preliminary Decoding: After identifying the bitstream, the FPGA module performs preliminary decoding of the signal. Different decoding algorithms are used for different signals, and an appropriate decoding method is selected based on the characteristics of each signal. This is the first heterogeneous design of the decoding method, meaning that the same BTM equipment uses different decoding paths and algorithms to process different signals.

[0089] Furthermore, since the two demodulation circuits use different demodulation and decoding methods, their decoding results are redundant. That is, as long as one of the decoding methods correctly decodes the signal, the decoding result can be transmitted as valid information to the subsequent processing steps.

[0090] For example, if one of the decoding channels is successful, the system can process and output the decoding result in a timely manner, ensuring that the vehicle control system can receive valid information.

[0091] Even if one decoding path fails, the redundant design ensures that the other decoding path can still provide a valid decoding result, guaranteeing the availability and stability of the device.

[0092] Furthermore, after the FPGA module performs initial decoding, the CPU module is responsible for performing secondary decoding on the decoding result and confirming the final decoding result. The specific process is as follows:

[0093] Secondary decoding: After receiving the initial decoding results from the FPGA module, the CPU module processes these results again. The CPU module can verify the decoding results to further improve the accuracy of decoding.

[0094] Decoding result confirmation: After the second decoding, the CPU module compares the two decoding results. If the two decoding results match, the system considers the decoding successful and transmits the result to the vehicle control system. If the two decoding results do not match, the CPU module will handle the error according to the preset strategy and attempt to decode again.

[0095] Furthermore, after confirming the decoding result, the CPU module transmits the final decoding result to the vehicle control system. At this point, the vehicle control system can perform further operations based on this data to ensure the safe and stable operation of the train control system.

[0096] In some examples, it is assumed that the BTM device receives a signal from a ground transponder. This signal is demodulated into two digital signals by two demodulation circuits in the receiving module. The first demodulation circuit uses envelope detection, and the second demodulation circuit uses zero-crossing comparison. After bit stream identification, the FPGA module performs preliminary decoding on these two signals, generating two decoding results. Since these two decoding results are redundant, the system can complete data transmission based on either correct decoding result. The CPU module performs secondary decoding on the decoding result, ultimately confirming successful decoding and transmitting the confirmed decoding result to the vehicle control system to ensure the accuracy of the information.

[0097] This embodiment achieves decoding of two different demodulated signals through the collaborative work of the FPGA module and the CPU module. The FPGA module is responsible for the initial decoding of the signals and generating redundant decoding results, while the CPU module performs secondary decoding and final result confirmation, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the decoding process. Through this heterogeneous design and redundancy handling in the decoding method, the system can effectively cope with interference and faults, improving the availability and stability of the BTM device.

[0098] In some embodiments, a two-out-of-two vote is performed between the preliminary decoding result output by the FPGA module and the secondary decoding result output by the CPU module. When the preliminary decoding result and the secondary decoding result are consistent, the final decoding result is transmitted to the vehicle control system.

[0099] Specifically, when the BTM device receives a signal from the ground transponder, the signal is first demodulated by the receiving module through two demodulation paths and converted into a digital signal. Two different demodulation circuits transmit the signals to the FPGA module in the communication control module. The FPGA module then performs preliminary decoding on these two demodulated signals.

[0100] For example, in some cases, the FPGA module performs bitstream identification and preliminary decoding of digital signals, leveraging its hardware architecture to quickly complete the data decoding process. The preliminary decoding result is generated by the FPGA module and transmitted to the CPU module; simultaneously, the FPGA module also sends the bitstream data information that has passed verification during the decoding process to the CPU module, providing information for further decoding.

[0101] Furthermore, after receiving the initial decoding results and bitstream data information from the FPGA module, the CPU module begins secondary decoding. The decoding process of the CPU module differs from that of the FPGA module; it is based on a completely different programming language (embedded C language) and chip architecture to further decode the received bitstream data.

[0102] For example, the CPU module re-decodes the signal based on the bitstream information provided by the FPGA module and generates its own decoding result. Since the decoding algorithm used by the CPU module is different from that of the FPGA module, this process represents a second heterogeneous design of the decoding method.

[0103] Furthermore, after the FPGA module and CPU module complete the decoding respectively, two different decoding results are generated. To improve the reliability of the decoding results, the system adopts a two-out-of-two voting mechanism. The specific operation is as follows:

[0104] The CPU module compares its secondary decoding result with the FPGA module's initial decoding result to confirm their consistency. If the two decoding results match, the system considers the decoding successful and transmits the final decoding result to the vehicle control system.

[0105] Because the decoding algorithms, design principles, and programming languages ​​of FPGA and CPU modules are completely different (FPGA uses Verilog, while CPU uses embedded C), and the decoding processes are performed by different designers, the decoding results of the two modules have a high degree of reliability. If they are consistent, it indicates that the reliability and accuracy of the decoding are very high.

[0106] Furthermore, when the two-out-of-two voting results are consistent, the system performs frame assembly processing on the final decoding result and sends it to the vehicle control system. The framing operation packages and organizes multiple decoded data sets to ensure that the vehicle control system can correctly parse these data and execute the corresponding safety control operations.

[0107] For example, in some cases, suppose the BTM device receives a signal from a ground transponder. This signal is converted into two digital signals by two independent demodulation circuits. The first demodulation circuit decodes the signal using envelope detection, and the second demodulation circuit decodes it using a zero-crossing comparator. The FPGA module performs bitstream identification and preliminary decoding on these two digital signals, generating a preliminary decoding result, which is then sent to the CPU module along with the bitstream data information. The CPU module performs secondary decoding on the bitstream data, obtaining a secondary decoding result. Through a two-out-of-two voting process, the two decoding results are consistent. The final decoding result is then framed and transmitted to the onboard control system, ensuring that the train control system can correctly receive safety information.

[0108] Because the FPGA and CPU modules employ different decoding algorithms and hardware architectures, and are developed using different programming languages, the probability of errors occurring in their decoding results is extremely low, even when processed under the same conditions. The two-out-of-two voting mechanism significantly enhances the security and reliability of the decoding process, thereby improving the credibility of the final decoding result.

[0109] This embodiment utilizes the collaborative work of the FPGA and CPU modules, employing a two-out-of-two voting mechanism to confirm the decoding result, effectively improving the security and reliability of decoding. The decoding methods of the two modules are completely heterogeneous, using different programming languages ​​and hardware architectures to ensure the consistency and accuracy of the final decoding result. This decoding method effectively reduces erroneous decoding caused by interference, noise, or faults, improving the reliability and stability of BTM equipment in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0110] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0111] The antenna unit is used to connect to the transmitting and receiving modules via coaxial cables to transmit downlink power signals and transmit transponder signals;

[0112] The power module is used to convert the vehicle power supply into a stable voltage required by the various modules in the new transponder information receiving device.

[0113] Specifically, the antenna unit is a key component in the new BTM equipment used to activate and receive signals from ground transponders. Its main function is to receive transponder signals and transmit them to the receiver module via wireless radio frequency electromagnetic coupling. The antenna unit's workflow is as follows:

[0114] Transmitting a signal: The antenna unit transmits an energy signal via radio electromagnetic waves to activate the ground transponder. The transmitted signal is a 27.095MHz energy signal used to activate the transponder equipment.

[0115] The antenna unit simultaneously transmits the received transponder signal to the BTM device's receiving module via a coaxial cable. This coaxial cable connection ensures stable and efficient signal transmission, preventing signal attenuation or loss during transmission.

[0116] Antenna units are typically mounted externally to the vehicle-mounted equipment (such as under the vehicle body) to ensure effective reception of signals from ground transponders. The antenna unit is designed with the surrounding electromagnetic environment in mind and possesses a certain degree of interference immunity.

[0117] Furthermore, the main function of the power module is to convert the on-board power supply (usually 110V or 24V DC) into the stable voltage required by the various modules of the new BTM equipment. This module plays a crucial role in the operation of the equipment, ensuring that all modules receive a stable voltage supply, thereby avoiding equipment failures caused by voltage instability. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0118] The vehicle power supply (such as a vehicle 110V DC power supply) is input to the power module through the vehicle power input interface.

[0119] The DC-DC converter within the power module isolates and converts the input voltage of the vehicle power supply into a stable voltage required by each module.

[0120] The power module features efficient voltage regulation, ensuring that different modules are unaffected by voltage fluctuations during operation. Both the receiver module receiving transponder signals and the communication control module processing signals receive a sufficient and stable power supply, guaranteeing the reliability and stability of the equipment.

[0121] The power module also includes overcurrent protection and overvoltage protection to prevent equipment damage caused by power problems. In the event of a power failure, the power module can automatically cut off the power supply, protecting other modules of the equipment from damage.

[0122] Furthermore, in the new BTM equipment, the antenna unit and power module work in conjunction with other modules (such as the receiving module, transmitting module, and communication control module) to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. The specific operation procedure is as follows:

[0123] The antenna unit receives signals from the ground transponder and transmits the signals to the receiving module via a coaxial cable.

[0124] The receiving module demodulates the received transponder signal and transmits the demodulated signal to the communication control module.

[0125] The power module provides a stable voltage to each module, ensuring stable operation of the equipment in the vehicle environment. The power module continuously monitors the voltage output to prevent voltage fluctuations from adversely affecting module functionality.

[0126] The antenna unit, receiving module, transmitting module, power supply module and other parts work closely together to ensure that the transponder signal can be transmitted, demodulated and processed efficiently, and the decoded information is transmitted to the vehicle control system.

[0127] For example, in some cases, it is assumed that the BTM device is installed on a train with a 110V DC power supply. The power module converts the 110V power to 24V to power the communication control module, receiving module, and transmitting module. Simultaneously, the onboard antenna unit receives signals transmitted from the ground transponder. These signals are transmitted to the receiving module via coaxial cable. The receiving module demodulates the signals and transmits the demodulated results to the communication control module. The communication control module processes the decoded results and transmits the information to the onboard control system, ensuring the safe operation of the train control system.

[0128] According to the method described in this embodiment, the antenna unit receives and transmits signals from the ground transponder via a coaxial cable, while the power module provides a stable power supply to all modules of the equipment through efficient voltage conversion and regulation. The coordinated operation of the antenna unit and the power module ensures that the equipment can stably and efficiently receive, demodulate, and transmit transponder signals, thereby guaranteeing the safety and reliability of the train control system.

[0129] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0130] The monitoring module is used to monitor the transmission channel of the energy signal in order to monitor the power output of the energy signal, and to record and report fault information when a fault occurs.

[0131] The switching module is used to control the connection between multiple main units and antenna units when the main unit of the new transponder information receiving equipment fails.

[0132] Specifically, BTM devices may experience various faults during operation, and external interference can cause decoding failures and other problems. These issues are more comprehensively monitored and recorded in the new BTM devices. In addition to recording general BTM operating status and standard self-test functions (including ROM self-test, RAM self-test, etc.), transponder receiver path self-test functions, and basic transponder signal decoding parameters, the new BTM devices feature innovations in the following two aspects:

[0133] (1) Monitoring of 27M energy signal transmission channel

[0134] The generation, amplification, transmission, and sending of the 27M energy signal, along with the self-test signal acquisition, monitoring, judgment, and recording, constitute one of the longest transmission paths in BTM equipment. Its transmission path is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the 27M signal and self-test signal transmission path provided in the embodiments of this application. The signal processing design block diagram of the transmitting module is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the design principle of the self-test redundancy circuit for the novel BTM device transmitting module provided in this application embodiment.

[0135] Typical BTM equipment only has similar features. Figure 4 The self-test signal of the path shown in ① is difficult to distinguish when a 27M signal self-test fault occurs, whether it is a fault in the transmitting module, the coaxial cable, or the antenna. The new BTM equipment adds a power output detection circuit ② to the transmitting module. This 27M self-test redundancy design improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0136] For an application scenario where a single vehicle control system is equipped with two BTM (Bus Terminal Meter) devices, the BTM main unit is installed inside the vehicle compartment, and the antennas are installed in different locations under the vehicle with a distance greater than 4 meters between them. The current approach is that when one BTM fails, the vehicle control system automatically switches to the other BTM, and the vehicle position calculation is also corrected according to the distance between the switched BTM antenna and the front of the vehicle. However, in the following scenario: when the BTM fails, there happens to be a transponder between the two antennas, and this transponder will be lost.

[0137] In some examples, the new BTM device is designed for this application scenario, employing, for example... Figure 6 The design shown, Figure 6 This is a functional block diagram of BTM antenna redundancy control switching provided in an embodiment of this application. The specific content is as follows:

[0138] The two BTM main units can communicate with each other and share their operating status. Under normal conditions, only one BTM main unit has control over the switching device, thereby allocating the connection relationship between the main unit and the antenna. In the event of an anomaly in the 27M energy signal transmission channel, the new BTM equipment has the function of identifying whether the fault lies with the main unit or the antenna. When the main unit BTM1 with control detects a main unit fault (including but not limited to a 27M energy signal transmission channel fault), the other BTM2 main unit acquires control of the switching device and connects itself to antenna 1. This minimizes the risk of transponder loss between the two antennas, and the vehicle control system does not need to switch the logic for calculating the vehicle's position.

[0139] Additionally, in some examples, the aforementioned control of the switching device can also be used in scenarios where two BTM main units share a single antenna (where there is no space for two antennas to be installed under the vehicle). For example... Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a functional block diagram of an application scenario where two BTM hosts share one antenna, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0140] In some embodiments, this embodiment will describe in detail the working principle of the recording module in the novel BTM device, particularly how the original signal of the transponder is recorded by a high-speed AD sampling circuit and stored according to set conditions. To meet the needs of transponder signal recording, the recording module activates a high-speed sampling function under specific conditions to ensure that high-quality original signal data is effectively stored.

[0141] In the recording module of the new BTM device, a high-speed AD sampling circuit is used to sample the transponder signal in real time and convert the sampled data into a digital signal for storage. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0142] The high-speed AD sampling circuit is set to a sampling frequency of 20MHz, which is much higher than the sampling frequency of ordinary signals, ensuring accurate capture of the high-frequency components of the transponder signal. This sampling frequency meets the sampling requirements of the transponder signal, guaranteeing accurate signal acquisition.

[0143] The original transponder signal data is quite large, so the high-speed AD sampling circuit temporarily stores the acquired data and writes it to the storage device according to set conditions. Due to the complexity of the transponder signal, the data storage burden is relatively large, but through a reasonable storage strategy, data storage efficiency is optimized.

[0144] Furthermore, to reduce storage burden and avoid recording invalid or interfering signals, this embodiment introduces conditional judgments for data recording in the recording module. These conditions include:

[0145] Transponder signal cannot be successfully decoded: When the transponder signal cannot be successfully decoded through the normal decoding process, the recording module will activate the original signal recording function. This ensures that even if decoding fails, the relevant signal data is still recorded, facilitating subsequent analysis and troubleshooting.

[0146] Signal duration greater than X ms: The system will only initiate data recording when the duration of the transponder signal exceeds the set threshold X (in milliseconds). This condition filters out brief and meaningless signals, ensuring that only valid transponder signals are recorded.

[0147] Signal duration less than Yms: To avoid recording interference signals for too long, the recording module sets an upper limit threshold Y (unit: milliseconds). When the signal duration exceeds Yms, the recording module will stop recording to avoid unnecessary storage consumption.

[0148] These conditions effectively filter out useless or interfering signals, ensuring that the recording function of the original signal is activated only when needed, reducing the burden on the storage device.

[0149] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the original signal function of the transponder provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 The workflow shown below records the working steps of the module as follows:

[0150] Signal-triggered detection: When a transponder signal is received, the recording module first checks whether the signal is valid. If the signal is valid (meets the sampling conditions), the system initiates AD conversion and performs real-time data sampling.

[0151] Signal duration determination: After sampling begins, the system will determine whether the signal duration is greater than the set lower threshold Xms. If the signal duration is less than Xms, the recording function will not be activated, and the system will proceed to the next round of signal detection. If the signal duration is greater than Xms, the system will continue to determine whether the signal is within the preset maximum duration Yms.

[0152] Signal storage: If the signal duration meets the condition (greater than X ms and less than Y ms), the raw signal recording function is activated. The sampling circuit converts the signal into digital data and stores the data in a non-volatile storage device.

[0153] Signal termination detection: When a signal terminates, the system will determine whether the termination condition has been met. If the signal terminates and the saving condition is met, the recording module will stop recording and save the data; otherwise, it will continue monitoring the signal.

[0154] End and Cleanup: After data recording is complete, the system cleans up the sampling buffer and prepares to receive the next set of signal data.

[0155] In practical operation, assuming a signal is received from a ground transponder, the recording module first checks the signal's validity. If the signal is valid and undecoded, the system initiates AD sampling and begins recording. If the signal duration exceeds 3 milliseconds but is less than 10 milliseconds, the recording module continues sampling and storing data. Assuming a signal duration of 10 milliseconds and a sampling frequency of 20MHz, the recording module will sample the signal in real time and store the data. After the signal ends, the system determines whether the signal meets the storage conditions and ultimately saves the sampled data to the storage device.

[0156] This embodiment demonstrates how the recording module achieves efficient sampling of transponder signals through a high-speed AD sampling circuit and records the signals according to set conditions. This process effectively filters out invalid signals and ensures that only valid signal data that meets the conditions is recorded and stored, thereby improving storage efficiency, reducing the system's storage burden, and ensuring the complete recording of the original transponder signal in the event of decoding failures, providing support for subsequent troubleshooting and data analysis.

[0157] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0158] The communication interface module supports the communication protocols of various vehicle control systems and uses DIP switches to select different communication modes to adapt to the communication requirements of various vehicle control systems.

[0159] Specifically, the compatibility design of the communication interface of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. For example... Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9This is a block diagram illustrating the compatibility design of the communication interface provided in this application embodiment. In the novel BTM device, the communication control module is responsible for information exchange between the device and the vehicle control system (such as the ATP system). Since vehicle control systems employ various communication methods, typically including different protocols such as Profibus bus communication, RS422 / RS485 point-to-point communication, and CAN bus communication, the BTM device utilizes a highly flexible communication interface module to ensure compatibility with these communication methods.

[0160] The main function of the communication interface module is to switch between different communication protocols via a DIP switch according to the selected communication mode, thereby enabling information exchange with different types of vehicle control systems.

[0161] For example, in some cases, users select different communication modes via a DIP switch, which controls a built-in switching device that allows the device to automatically switch to different communication protocol branches based on the selection.

[0162] The communication interface module includes multiple communication circuits, each supporting different communication protocols. Specifically:

[0163] One Profibus bus communication circuit, supporting communication with vehicle control systems compatible with the Profibus protocol;

[0164] Two RS422 communication circuits support point-to-point communication protocols and are suitable for point-to-point communication with other devices.

[0165] One CAN communication circuit is used for communication with the vehicle control system that is compatible with the CAN bus protocol.

[0166] Based on the DIP switch settings, the communication interface module automatically selects and switches to the corresponding communication protocol branch and enables the corresponding communication circuit. For example, when the DIP switch is set to RS422 mode, the device will enable the RS422 communication circuit to achieve communication with the vehicle control system.

[0167] Furthermore, to ensure high communication reliability, the new BTM equipment supports both primary / backup redundancy and independent parallel communication mechanisms, as detailed below:

[0168] Primary / Secondary Redundancy: In primary / secondary redundancy mode, the two communication control modules are designed with redundancy to ensure uninterrupted communication of the vehicle control system. If one communication module fails, the other module can immediately take over the communication task, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the communication system.

[0169] Independent Parallel Operation: In independent parallel operation mode, the two communication control modules work simultaneously without interfering with each other, with each module handling its own communication tasks independently. In this mode, the BTM device can communicate in parallel with different onboard control systems, improving system flexibility.

[0170] The communication interface module in this embodiment has high compatibility and scalability, and can adapt to different types of vehicle control systems. Through the same physical interface connection method, the BTM device can expand its support for new vehicle control systems by adding program branches and mode selections.

[0171] Therefore, regardless of the communication mode selected, all physical interfaces use a unified connection method, enabling the device to easily adapt to different vehicle control systems. The device's internal program can automatically load different communication protocol branches based on the DIP switch selection, ensuring seamless connection with various control systems.

[0172] For example, in some cases, suppose the BTM device needs to communicate with different types of vehicle control systems. The user selects the RS422 communication protocol via a DIP switch, which activates the corresponding RS422 communication circuit. At this time, the device will exchange data with the vehicle control system via point-to-point communication. If the device malfunctions and switches to redundant mode, the backup communication module will take over the communication task, ensuring that the communication of the vehicle control system is unaffected.

[0173] Similarly, if the user needs to communicate with the vehicle control system that uses the CAN bus protocol, selecting the CAN protocol mode corresponding to the DIP switch will switch the device to the CAN bus communication circuit to communicate with the vehicle control system.

[0174] According to the method described in this embodiment, the flexible design of the communication interface module provides compatibility with various vehicle control system communication protocols. By selecting different communication protocols via a DIP switch, the device can adapt to different control systems. The system's primary / backup redundancy and independent parallel communication mechanism ensure high reliability and flexibility, while the device's compatibility and expandability design also provides possibilities for future connections with new vehicle control systems. This solution greatly improves the device's adaptability and meets the diverse communication needs of vehicle control systems.

[0175] The technical solution of this application has at least the following advantages:

[0176] 1. The new BTM equipment adopts two different design schemes in the demodulation circuit design of the transponder signal. The two demodulation circuits are redundant, that is, both demodulation results are usable regardless of which one can be successfully decoded, thus improving the availability and reliability of the equipment.

[0177] 2. The new BTM device features a two-layer heterogeneous design in its decoding method. One layer uses two decoding and demodulation methods (including bitstream identification) at the FPGA level. This heterogeneous design is redundant; successful decoding by either method is usable, improving the device's availability and reliability. The other layer uses a dual-decoding heterogeneous design with both the CPU and FPGA. This design employs a two-out-of-two voting relationship, meaning only if both decoding results are identical can the signal be sent to the vehicle control system. Because the program carriers, programming languages, and generally the designers are different, the voting result is more reliable, enhancing system security.

[0178] 3. The redundant design of the monitoring method for the 27M energy signal channel of the BTM equipment facilitates the differentiation between the transmitting module failure and the cable and antenna failure in case of a fault. After separating these two parts, the cable and antenna can be distinguished by other simple methods, which improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0179] 4. The original signal recording of the transponder can assist equipment maintenance personnel and developers in further analyzing the problem of the transponder being unable to be decoded, making it easier to find the cause of the problem and improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0180] 5. The design allows for compatibility with multiple communication interfaces, enabling the same BTM device to connect with different vehicle control systems. This reduces the variety of BTM device models and lowers product certification, testing, and maintenance costs.

[0181] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A novel transponder information receiving device, characterized in that, include: The recording module is used to record and store the operating status data and raw waveform data of the new transponder information receiving device; The transmitting module is used to transmit the energy signal that activates the transponder and to transmit the received transponder signal to the receiving module. The transponder signal is input to two demodulation circuits through two independent signal transmission paths. A receiving module is used to receive and demodulate the transponder signal and transmit the demodulated signal to the communication control module. The receiving module includes two demodulation circuits. The first demodulation circuit is used to perform bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the transponder signal, transmit the first signal after gain adjustment to a narrowband filtering circuit, and extract the baseband signal from the first signal using envelope detection. The second demodulation circuit is used to perform bandpass filtering and gain adjustment on the transponder signal, amplify and limit the second signal after gain adjustment, and convert the second signal into a digital signal using a zero-crossing comparator. The communication control module is used to control the signal output and reception of the transmitting module and the receiving module, decode the transponder messages, and communicate with the vehicle control system.

2. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recording module is also used to record relevant parameters during the decoding process and store them in a storage device. The relevant parameters include decoding success rate, signal quality, decoding result, decoding error information, and original waveform information.

3. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitting module is used for downlink energy signal self-testing and transmits the transponder signal to the two demodulation circuits respectively through a signal distribution device, wherein the signal distribution device includes impedance matching and a bandpass filter.

4. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication control module includes an FPGA module and a CPU module. The FPGA module is used to perform bit stream identification and preliminary decoding on the signals output by the two demodulation circuits. The CPU module is used to perform secondary decoding on the preliminary decoding results and confirm the final decoding results.

5. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial decoding result output by the FPGA module and the secondary decoding result output by the CPU module are compared by a two-out-of-two vote. When the initial decoding result and the secondary decoding result are consistent, the final decoding result is transmitted to the vehicle control system.

6. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An antenna unit is used to connect to the transmitting module and the receiving module via a coaxial cable to transmit downlink energy signals and transmit the transponder signals; The power module is used to convert the vehicle power supply into a stable voltage required by the various modules in the new transponder information receiving device.

7. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The monitoring module is used to monitor the transmission channel of the energy signal in order to monitor the power output of the energy signal, and to record and report fault information when a fault occurs. The switching module is used to control the connection between multiple hosts and the antenna unit when the host of the new transponder information receiving device fails.

8. The novel transponder information receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The communication interface module supports the communication protocols of various vehicle control systems and uses DIP switches to select different communication modes to adapt to the communication requirements of various vehicle control systems.

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