Fish habitat ecological monitoring device and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a fish habitat ecological monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof. The device comprises a shell, a sensor cluster, a sealing assembly and a power generation assembly. The sensor cluster is arranged on the shell. An inlet for fish is arranged at one end of the shell. A bottom cylinder, a detection assembly and the sealing assembly are arranged in the shell. The power generation assembly is connected with the shell. The sensor cluster and the detection assembly are electrically connected with the power generation assembly respectively. The detection assembly can detect the fish eggs produced by the female individuals in the target fish group. Meanwhile, the fish is continuously shot during the spawning to store sufficient data for analyzing the overall condition of the fish group. The detection assembly can also analyze the state of the fish eggs produced by the fish to assist in judging the population state. The fish spawns under the protection of the shell, and the produced eggs are stored in a collecting groove, which is convenient for subsequent taking out and research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection and fishery resource protection, and particularly relates to a fish habitat ecological monitoring device and its monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] Fish habitat ecological monitoring is a systematic approach to assess and monitor the ecological status of fish habitats. Through long-term monitoring and data analysis, it can provide a scientific basis for habitat protection and management, and ensure the sustainable use of fish resources. The monitoring data of fish habitats mainly includes water quality, topography, biodiversity, and environmental pressure.

[0003] However, most existing fish habitat ecological monitoring devices only monitor the natural environment in which fish inhabit, lacking the ability to monitor and assess the fish population itself. This necessitates manual, individual fishing operations combined with environmental data for comprehensive judgment. Since most fish habitats are located in remote mountainous rivers with inconvenient transportation, this reduces the timeliness of habitat monitoring. Furthermore, monitoring the effectiveness of fish habitats and their reproduction requires simultaneous monitoring of biotic and abiotic factors to analyze the response of key fish ecological processes to hydrological conditions. Traditional methods, combining manual fishing with on-site hydrological parameter measurements, have low accuracy, are difficult to implement simultaneous observation and investigation, are cumbersome, and suffer from significant time lags, while also making it difficult to obtain long-term monitoring data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device capable of real-time, automatic monitoring of fish spawning behavior and its response to physical factors such as water temperature and hydrological processes.

[0004] Patent document CN218456449U discloses a fish spawning monitoring device for the waters surrounding a pumped-storage power station. The device acquires hydrological and hydrodynamic information of the corresponding area through a hydrodynamic sensor and collects and counts fish eggs using an egg-collecting device. However, this device cannot acquire video footage of the fish spawning process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a fish habitat ecological monitoring device and its monitoring method, which can solve the problems of integrating the automatic monitoring, transmission and recording of elements such as water quality, fish, hydrology, hydrodynamics and river cross-section into a fixed device. It also has an independent power supply function, realizing the technical problems of real-time, long-term synchronous automatic monitoring and data transmission of habitat organisms and environmental elements, and providing a scientific basis for evaluating the protection effect of fish habitats and sustainable habitat restoration.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The present invention provides an ecological monitoring device for fish habitat, comprising a shell, a sensor cluster, a sealing component, and a power generation component. The sensor cluster is disposed on the shell, and a fish inlet is disposed at one end of the shell. A bottom cylinder, a detection component, and a sealing component are disposed inside the shell. The power generation component is connected to the shell, and the sensor cluster and the detection component are electrically connected to the power generation component.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes multiple fixing plates and fan-shaped blocks disposed inside the fish inlet. Each fixing plate has a fan-shaped block rotatably mounted on one side. A seam is provided between each adjacent fan-shaped block. An end block is fixedly connected to the end of the fan-shaped block away from the fish inlet.

[0009] Preferably, all the end blocks are provided with an elastic sleeve, an elastic rope is provided inside the elastic sleeve, one end of the elastic rope is provided with a fixing ring, and the free end of the elastic rope is passed through the fixing ring.

[0010] Preferably, the detection component includes a detection cylinder and a collection groove. The detection cylinder is disposed on the inner top wall of the outer shell, and a camera is disposed inside the detection cylinder. A through hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the outer shell, and a bottom cylinder is disposed at the bottom end of the through hole and communicates with the through hole. A collection groove is disposed at the top end of the bottom cylinder, and a support arm is disposed on the inner side of the bottom cylinder. A guide wheel is disposed at the free end of the support arm.

[0011] Preferably, the collection tank is covered with gravel and an adhesive substrate, the adhesive substrate is filled with a fish spawning attractant, a float is set at the bottom of the collection tank, a traction rope is connected to the bottom of the collection tank, a controller is set on the outside of the outer shell, the traction rope is locked on the outside of the guide wheel and slidably connected, and the traction rope is locked in the controller and slidably connected.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of directional plates are provided inside the outer shell, the two directional plates cover the outside of the collection groove, a locking block is provided on the outside of the collection groove, the collection groove is slidably connected to the locking block and the locking groove opened on the directional plate, and a baffle is provided at the top of the directional plate.

[0013] Preferably, the power generation component includes a waterproof photovoltaic panel and a generator, which are electrically connected. The waterproof photovoltaic panel is connected to the top of the outer casing via a folding assembly. The folding assembly includes two connecting seats and several connecting arms. One connecting seat is hinged to the top of the outer casing, and the two connecting seats are connected by several connecting arms. The connecting seats not hinged to the outer casing are hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel. Adjacent connecting arms are hinged by connecting blocks. The connecting arms are driven by a power system.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning block is provided on one side of the connecting arm that is directly connected to the connecting seat that is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel, and a protective plate is provided on one side of the connecting arm, the protective plate being connected to the top of the outer shell. The outer shell is provided with a side block, and a limiting frame is slidably engaged on the side block. At the hinge point between the waterproof photovoltaic panel and the connecting seat, a slider is eccentrically engaged and engaged at one end. The slider is slidably engaged within the limiting frame.

[0015] Preferably, a filter plate is provided at one end of the outer casing, an impeller is provided inside the filter plate, a generator is coaxially connected to the impeller, the generator is located inside the outer casing, a storage box is provided at the bottom of the outer casing, a connecting chain is provided inside the storage box, an anchor is connected to one end of the connecting chain, and the anchor is secured at the bottom of the outer casing.

[0016] A monitoring method for a fish habitat ecological monitoring device includes the following steps: After the device is deployed to the fish habitat, it monitors fish passing by during their spawning season. When a female fish is attracted by the spawning attractant and enters the collection tank inside the outer shell through the inlet to spawn, the camera inside the detection tube records the spawning video. The sensor cluster detects the spawning behavior, causing the controller to pull the traction rope. This traction rope pulls an elastic rope connected to one end, which gradually tightens the elastic sleeve running through the end blocks. This causes all the fan-shaped blocks to rotate along the fixed plate inside the inlet, closing the inlet and preventing other organisms from interfering with spawning. At the same time, the other end of the traction rope is loosened, and the traction rope moves along the guide wheel. The collection trough connected to the other end of the traction rope moves up along the directional plate under the buoyancy of the float, so as to open the through hole connected to the top of the bottom tube to help the female fish swim to the outside of the shell. Once the collection tank moves up to touch the baffle, the detection tube is activated and analyzes the fish eggs on the collection tank. Combined with the image data of the female fish during the spawning process, the population status is comprehensively analyzed and transmitted back to the data center, realizing real-time monitoring of fish habitats and fish spawning behavior.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The detection component of this invention can detect the fish eggs laid by female individuals in a target fish population. At the same time, it can continuously photograph the fish during the spawning period to retain sufficient data for analyzing the overall condition of the fish population. The detection component can also analyze the state of the fish eggs laid by the fish to help determine the population status. The fish lay eggs under the protection of their shells, and the eggs are stored in a collection tank for easy retrieval and research later.

[0018] The folding component of this invention can store the waterproof photovoltaic panel to avoid excessive obstruction area caused by the waterproof photovoltaic panel being unfolded for a long time, thus increasing the energy consumption of the device; the sensor cluster integrates water temperature, flow rate and water quality sensors, and also integrates a wireless transmission module, which can transmit back the monitoring data of the sensors, and can also transmit back the data collected by the detection component for comprehensive analysis of the fish. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of some components of the present invention after being cut apart; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the folding component when it is fully unfolded in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Limiting frame; 2. Protective plate; 3. Slider; 4. Waterproof photovoltaic panel; 5. Housing; 6. Sensor cluster; 7. Anchor; 8. Storage box; 9. Bottom cylinder; 10. Fish inlet; 11. Traction rope; 12. Fixing plate; 13. Controller; 14. Filter plate; 15. Impeller; 16. Collection tank; 17. Float; 18. Support arm; 181. Guide wheel; 19. Connecting block; 20. Side block; 21. Orientation plate; 22. Connecting arm; 23. Positioning block; 24. Connecting seat; 25. Detection cylinder; 26. Baffle; 27. Slot; 28. Fan-shaped block; 29. ​​Seam; 30. Elastic sleeve; 31. Elastic rope; 32. End block; 33. Fixing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0021] Example: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a fish habitat ecological monitoring device includes a shell 5, a sensor cluster 6, a sealing component, and a power generation component. The sensor cluster 6 is installed on the shell 5, and a fish inlet 10 is provided at one end of the shell 5. A bottom cylinder 9, a detection component, and a sealing component are installed inside the shell 5. The power generation component is connected to the shell 5, and the sensor cluster 6 and the detection component are electrically connected to the generator of the power generation component.

[0022] The sensor cluster 6 integrates water temperature, flow rate, and water quality sensors, and also integrates a wireless transmission module.

[0023] The sealing assembly includes multiple fixing plates 12 and fan-shaped blocks 28 disposed inside the fish inlet 10. Each fixing plate 12 has a fan-shaped block 28 rotatably mounted on one side. Each adjacent fan-shaped block 28 is provided with a seam 29 to facilitate the unfolding of the fan-shaped block 28. Several end blocks 32 are fixedly connected to the end of the fan-shaped block 28 away from the fish inlet 10.

[0024] All the end blocks 32 are provided with an elastic sleeve 30, and an elastic rope 31 is provided inside the elastic sleeve 30. One end of the elastic rope 31 is provided with a fixing ring 33, and the free end of the elastic rope 31 is passed through the fixing ring 33, so that the two ends of the elastic rope 31 are connected through the fixing ring 33, and the elastic rope 31 is arranged in a ring.

[0025] The detection assembly includes a detection cylinder 25 and a collection groove 16. The detection cylinder 25 is disposed on the inner top wall of the outer shell 5. A camera is disposed inside the detection cylinder 25. A through hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the outer shell 5. The bottom cylinder 9 is disposed at the bottom end of the through hole and communicates with the through hole. The collection groove 16 is disposed at the top of the bottom cylinder 9. A support arm 18 is disposed on the inner side of the bottom cylinder 9. A guide wheel 181 is disposed at the free end of the support arm 18.

[0026] The collection trough 16 is covered with gravel and an adhesive substrate to facilitate fish spawning. The adhesive substrate includes cattails, palm flakes, ferns, willow roots, goldfish algae, solitary algae, nylon netting, and plastic wire. A fish spawning attractant is applied to the adhesive substrate, and the type of fish spawning attractant needs to be selected according to the species of fish to be monitored and the environment of the fish habitat. Multiple sets of floats 17 are set at the bottom of the collection trough 16, and a traction rope 11 is connected to the bottom of the collection trough 16. A controller 13 is set on the outside of the outer shell 5. The controller 13 is electrically connected to the generator and the sensor cluster 6. The traction rope 11 is locked and slidably connected to the outside of the guide wheel 181. One end of the traction rope 11 is connected to the elastic rope 31, and the traction rope 11 is locked and slidably connected within the controller 13.

[0027] A pair of directional plates 21 are provided inside the outer shell 5. The two directional plates 21 cover the outside of the collection groove 16. A locking block is provided on the outside of the collection groove 16. The collection groove 16 is slidably connected to the locking slot 27 opened on the directional plate 21 through the locking block, so that the collection groove 16 is locked between the two directional plates 21. A baffle 26 is provided at the top of the directional plate 21. The baffle 26 is arranged horizontally and is used to limit the collection groove 16.

[0028] The power generation assembly includes a waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and a generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and the generator are electrically connected. The generator can be connected to a battery to store excess electricity. The waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 is connected to the top of the outer shell 5 via a folding assembly. The folding assembly includes two connecting seats 24 and several connecting arms 22. One connecting seat 24 is hinged to the top of the outer shell 5. The two connecting seats 24 are connected by several connecting arms 22. The top of the connecting seat 24 that is not hinged to the outer shell 5 is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4. Adjacent connecting arms 22 are hinged by connecting blocks 19. The connecting arms 22 are driven by a power system, which can be a motor, to rotate the connecting arms 22. The power system is electrically connected to the generator.

[0029] A pair of positioning blocks 23 connected by elastic elements are provided on one side of the connecting arm 22, which is directly connected to the connecting seat 24 that is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4. Multiple protective plates 2 are provided on the plane where the connecting arm 22 is located. The protective plates 2 are connected to the top of the outer shell 5 to protect the connecting arm 22. A side block 20 is provided on the outer side of the outer shell 5. A limiting frame 1 is slidably engaged on the side block 20. A slider 3 is eccentrically engaged at one end of the hinge between the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and the connecting seat 24. The slider 3 is slidably engaged within the limiting frame 1.

[0030] The outer shell 5 is provided with a filter plate 14 at one end where the fish inlet 10 is not opened, to prevent debris from entering the outer shell 5. An impeller 15 is provided on the inner side of the filter plate 14. A generator is coaxially connected to the impeller 15. The generator is located inside the outer shell 5. A storage box 8 is provided at the bottom of the outer shell 5. A connecting chain is provided inside the storage box 8. One end of the connecting chain is connected to an anchor 7. The anchor 7 is locked at the bottom of the outer shell 5.

[0031] A monitoring method for a fish habitat ecological monitoring device includes the following steps: The detection component can detect the eggs laid by female individuals in the target fish population. Simultaneously, it continuously photographs the fish during spawning to preserve sufficient data for analyzing the overall condition of the fish population. The component can also analyze the state of the fish eggs to aid in determining the population status. After the device is deployed to the fish habitat, it monitors fish passing by during their spawning season. When a female individual is attracted by the spawning attractant and enters the collection tank 16 of the outer shell 5 through the inlet 10 to spawn, the camera inside the detection cylinder 25 records the spawning image. The sensor cluster 6 detects the spawning behavior, causing the controller 13 to pull the traction rope 11. This traction rope 11 pulls the elastic rope 31 connected to one end. The elastic rope 31 gradually tightens the elastic sleeve 30 that runs through the end blocks 32, causing all the fan-shaped blocks 28 to rotate along the fixed plate 12 inside the inlet 10, gradually closing the inlet 10 to prevent other organisms from interfering with spawning. At the same time, the other end of the traction rope 11 is loosened, and the traction rope 11 moves along the guide wheel 181. The collection trough 16 connected to the other end of the traction rope 11 gradually moves upward along the directional plate 21 under the buoyancy of the float plate 17, so as to open the through hole connected to the top of the bottom tube 9 to help the female fish swim to the outside of the shell 5. When the collection tank 16 moves up to touch the baffle 26 set at the top of the directional plate 21, the detection tube 25 starts and analyzes the fish eggs on the collection tank 16. Combined with the image data of the female fish during the spawning process, the population status is comprehensively analyzed and transmitted back to the data center to realize real-time monitoring of fish habitat and fish spawning behavior.

[0032] The folding component in this invention can store the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4, thus avoiding excessive obstruction and increased energy consumption caused by the panel being extended for extended periods. Water flowing into the outer casing 5 through the inlet 10 drives the impeller 15 to rotate, generating electricity. During the day, when there is good sunlight, the limiting frame 1 slides horizontally along the side block 20, causing the connecting seat 24, hinged to the outer casing 5, to rotate along its axis. Simultaneously, the slider 3, eccentrically mounted at the hinge point between the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and the connecting seat 24, is engaged within the limiting frame 1. During this rotation, the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 will always remain horizontal. If it is not necessary for all connecting arms 22 to rotate to the vertical direction, when all connecting arms 22 except the top pair of connecting arms 22 have rotated to the vertical direction, a pair of positioning blocks 23 connected by springs on one side of the top connecting arm 22 can be inserted into a pair of fixing grooves at the bottom of the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4. After the auxiliary limiting frame 1 locks the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 in the horizontal direction, the power system is started to fully unfold the connecting arms 22, so that the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 can be moved up to the height above the water surface to generate electricity.

Claims

1. A fish habitat ecological monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a housing (5), a sensor cluster (6), a sealing component and a power generation component. The sensor cluster (6) is provided on the housing (5), and a fish inlet (10) is provided at one end of the housing (5). The bottom cylinder (9), a detection component and a sealing component are provided inside the housing (5). The power generation component is connected to the housing (5), and the sensor cluster (6) and the detection component are electrically connected to the power generation component respectively. The sealing assembly includes multiple fixing plates (12) and fan-shaped blocks (28) arranged inside the fish inlet (10). Each fixing plate (12) has a fan-shaped block (28) rotatably clamped on one side. Each adjacent fan-shaped block (28) is provided with a seam (29). The end of the fan-shaped block (28) away from the fish inlet (10) is fixedly connected to an end block (32). The detection assembly includes a detection cylinder (25) and a collection groove (16). The detection cylinder (25) is set on the inner top wall of the outer shell (5). A camera is set inside the detection cylinder (25). A through hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the outer shell (5). The bottom cylinder (9) is set at the bottom end of the through hole and communicates with the through hole. The collection groove (16) is set at the top of the bottom cylinder (9). A support arm (18) is set on the inner side of the bottom cylinder (9). A guide wheel (181) is set at the free end of the support arm (18).

2. The fish habitat ecological monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: All the end blocks (32) are provided with an elastic sleeve (30), and an elastic rope (31) is provided inside the elastic sleeve (30). One end of the elastic rope (31) is provided with a fixing ring (33), and the free end of the elastic rope (31) is provided inside the fixing ring (33).

3. The fish habitat ecological monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The collection tank (16) is covered with gravel and an adhesive substrate. Fish spawning attractant is applied to the adhesive substrate. A float (17) is set at the bottom of the collection tank (16). A traction rope (11) is connected to the bottom of the collection tank (16). A controller (13) is set on the outside of the outer shell (5). The traction rope (11) is locked on the outside of the guide wheel (181) and slidably connected. The traction rope (11) is locked in the controller (13) and slidably connected.

4. The fish habitat ecological monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of directional plates (21) are provided inside the outer shell (5). The two directional plates (21) cover the outside of the collection groove (16). A locking block is provided on the outside of the collection groove (16). The collection groove (16) is slidably connected to the locking slot (27) opened on the directional plate (21) through the locking block. A baffle (26) is provided at the top of the directional plate (21).

5. The fish habitat ecological monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation component includes a waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) and a generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) and the generator are electrically connected. The waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) is connected to the top of the outer shell (5) through a folding assembly. The folding assembly includes two connecting seats (24) and several connecting arms (22). One of the connecting seats (24) is hinged to the top of the outer shell (5). The two connecting seats (24) are connected by several connecting arms (22). The connecting seats (24) that are not hinged to the outer shell (5) are hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel (4). Adjacent connecting arms (22) are hinged by connecting blocks (19). The connecting arms (22) are driven by a power system.

6. The fish habitat ecological monitoring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning block (23) is provided on one side of the connecting arm (22) which is directly connected to the connecting seat (24) that is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel (4), and a protective plate (2) is provided on one side of the connecting arm (22), and the protective plate (2) is connected to the top of the outer shell (5); The outer shell (5) is provided with a side block (20), and a limiting frame (1) is provided on the side block (20). A slider (3) is provided at one end of the hinge between the waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) and the connecting seat (24). The slider (3) is slidably locked in the limiting frame (1).

7. The fish habitat ecological monitoring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A filter plate (14) is provided at one end of the outer shell (5), and an impeller (15) is provided inside the filter plate (14). The impeller (15) is coaxially connected to a generator, which is located inside the outer shell (5). A storage box (8) is provided at the bottom of the outer shell (5), and a connecting chain is provided inside the storage box (8). One end of the connecting chain is connected to an anchor (7), which is secured at the bottom of the outer shell (5).

8. A monitoring method for the monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the device is placed in the fish habitat, when fish pass by the device during the spawning period, when a female individual is attracted by the spawning agent and enters the collection tank (16) of the outer shell (5) through the fish inlet (10) to spawn, the camera in the detection tube (25) records the spawning image, the sensor cluster (6) detects the spawning behavior, and the controller (13) pulls the traction rope (11), which pulls the elastic rope (31) connected to one end. At this time, the elastic rope (31) will gradually tighten the elastic sleeve (30) that is common in the end block (32), so that all the fan-shaped blocks (28) rotate along the fixed plate (12) set inside the fish inlet (10), close the fish inlet (10), and avoid other organisms from interfering with the spawning; At the same time, the other end of the traction rope (11) is loosened, the traction rope (11) moves along the guide wheel (181), and the collection trough (16) connected to the other end of the traction rope (11) moves up along the directional plate (21) under the buoyancy of the float plate (17) to open the through hole connected to the top of the bottom tube (9) to help the female fish swim to the outside of the shell (5). When the collection tank (16) moves up to touch the baffle (26), the detection tube (25) is activated and analyzes the fish eggs on the collection tank (16). Combined with the image data of the female fish during the spawning process, the population status is comprehensively analyzed and transmitted back to the data center to realize real-time monitoring of fish habitat and fish spawning behavior.

Images