A hierarchical water purification mine landscape design method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mine landscape design methods of hierarchical water purification, steps include: extracting mine water;Water quality detection is carried out;Primary sedimentation treatment is implemented in sedimentation tank, and then fine particle is removed by sand filter device;Residual removal is carried out in reaction tank;Mine water is treated by ecological treatment through landscape water space;The water of reaching standard is recycled.The hierarchical water purification of mine landscape design method is realized natural ecological purification using landscape water space processing, effectively treats mine water, while landscape water space also has certain landscape value;Through the water of reaching standard recycling, water treated by landscape water space can be used for landscape or other suitable purposes again, improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, reduce the waste of water resources and dependence on external water source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological landscape technology, and in particular to a method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mining, especially underground mining, inevitably impacts groundwater resources and geological structures. The greater the intensity and scope of mining activities, the more severe the disruption to the groundwater system.

[0003] Analysis of the damage to overburden aquifers caused by coal mining: Before coal mining, rocks and minerals are in equilibrium under the influence of combined forces. Therefore, without external forces, the rock strata will not loosen or break. However, during coal mining, the excavation work will create new forces on the rock strata, breaking the force balance between the rock strata and causing cracks, deformation, etc., which will have an adverse effect on the underground overburden aquifer. The boundaries between different rock strata are broken, and the aquitard loses its water-proof properties, causing groundwater to flow out of the aquifer and resulting in a large waste of water resources.

[0004] Analysis of the damage to the aquifer caused by coal mining: Coal mining will cause changes in the stress of the bottom rock strata, resulting in rock deformation and further damage to the morphology of the bottom aquifer. During this process, the thickness of the aquitard in the area will gradually decrease, and the range of water pressure it can withstand will also decrease accordingly, making the water-resistant properties gradually worse, resulting in a large loss of groundwater and a waste of water resources.

[0005] Coal mining is one of the main causes of land degradation. During the mining process, aquifers (surface water bodies) are directly exposed or connected, leading to the loss of water resources from the aquifers. The amount of water flowing out of aquifers due to mining damage includes both the normal flow of water from the mine and the sudden outburst of water from the mine.

[0006] Constructed wetlands are natural "sewage treatment plants." They purify wastewater through a triple process of physical, chemical, and biological action. Biological action is the core of water purification in constructed wetlands. Wetland plants (such as reeds and cattails) can absorb nutrients from the wastewater, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, for their own growth. Simultaneously, the plant roots release oxygen into the surrounding environment, providing a favorable habitat for microorganisms. These microorganisms can then decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater, such as organic matter, converting it into harmless substances like carbon dioxide and water.

[0007] During coal mining, mine water carries a large amount of suspended solids and silt, as well as organic pollutants such as petroleum and coal gangue emissions. Mine water treatment technology still needs improvement, and there is a lack of efficient, low-consumption, environmentally friendly, and low-cost treatment methods. In particular, for special types of mine water such as high mineralization and acidity, the treatment difficulty is greater and the treatment cost is also higher, causing some enterprises to hesitate and limiting the scale of comprehensive utilization of mine water, resulting in a still low actual utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tiered water purification method for mining area landscape design, which can solve the problems of water resource damage and pollution caused by mining and enhance the conservation and reuse of water resources.

[0009] Technical solution: The present invention provides a method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Extract mine water through an underground pipeline system and test the extracted mine water using water quality testing equipment.

[0011] Step 2: Classify and treat the mine water according to the water quality test results. If the water quality test results show that the mine water is slightly polluted, filter and disinfect the slightly polluted mine water to obtain water that meets the standards, and then proceed to step 6. If the water quality test results show that the mine water is heavily polluted, proceed to step 3.

[0012] Step 3: The heavily polluted mine water is transported to the sedimentation tank. Primary sedimentation treatment is carried out in the sedimentation tank according to the water quality test results to allow the suspended particles in the mine water to settle. The upper layer of mine water after sedimentation is then transported to the sand filter device, where the sand filter device removes fine particles from the mine water.

[0013] Step 4: The mine water after fine particle filtration is transported to the reaction tank, where residual substances are removed from the mine water by chemical purification.

[0014] Step 5: Test the water quality of the mine water after removing the residue. If the water quality test fails to meet the standard, the mine water is returned to the sedimentation tank and returned to Step 3. If the water quality test meets the standard, it is transported to the landscape water space for ecological treatment to obtain qualified water.

[0015] Step 6: A portion of the qualified water is transported to the landscape facilities in the mining area for landscaping purposes, and the other portion is transported to the mining area for production purposes.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the specific steps for implementing primary sedimentation treatment based on the water quality test results are as follows:

[0017] Step 3.1: Based on the water quality test results, determine the main pollutants in the mine water, including organic pollutants, heavy metal pollutants, and saline pollutants;

[0018] Step 3.2: Implement corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutants to enable the main pollutants suspended in the mine water to settle rapidly.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal measures based on the composition of the main pollutant, if the main pollutant is a heavy metal pollutant, then the process proceeds to the heavy metal removal step:

[0020] First, heavy metal adsorption materials are used to pretreat the mine water, adsorbing heavy metals from the mine water, and then particulate pollutants are intercepted by a grid.

[0021] Then, a gradient adsorption structure was constructed using SCPS-EDTA / MOFs materials and volcanic rock biofilter media, and the gradient adsorption structure was used to perform core adsorption treatment on heavy metals in the pretreated mine water.

[0022] Finally, mercapto-COFs materials and volcanic rock-based artificial wetlands are used to further treat the mine water after core adsorption treatment, adsorbing and degrading residual heavy metals.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal measures based on the composition of the main pollutant, if the main pollutant is a saline pollutant, then the process proceeds to the saline pollutant removal step:

[0024] First, obtain the salinity of the mine water, and then select the appropriate removal method based on the salinity:

[0025] If the salt content is <500mg / L, then ion exchange is used to desalinate the mine water.

[0026] If the salt content is between 500 mg / L and 3000 mg / L, then electrodialysis should be used to desalinate the mine water.

[0027] If the salt content is >3000mg / L, an RO water treatment system is used to desalinate the mine water.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutants, if the main pollutant is an organic pollutant, then advanced oxidation technology is used to chemically oxidize the organic pollutants in the mine water to remove them.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 5, the landscape water space includes a regulating lake and an eight-stage vertical flow unit; the mine water flows through the eight-stage vertical flow unit before flowing into the regulating lake; both the regulating lake and the eight-stage vertical flow unit are equipped with water distribution pipes, filler layers, and wetland plants; the filler layer is laid and filled at the bottom of the water area, and the wetland plants are planted in the water area; the inlet pipe of the water distribution pipe is located on one side of the water area and above the filler layer, and is used to introduce mine water, while the outlet pipe of the water distribution pipe is located on the other side of the water area and below the filler layer, and is used to discharge mine water.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 5, the regulating lake and the eight-stage vertical flow units are set as four co-configuration layers; the first and second-stage vertical flow units are set as the first co-configuration layer, the third to fifth-stage vertical flow units are set as the second co-configuration layer, the sixth to eighth-stage vertical flow units are set as the third co-configuration layer, and the regulating lake is set as the fourth co-configuration layer; the filler layer of the first co-configuration layer is a first mixed layer of coal gangue and red mud, and the wetland plants are a first mixed plant of camel thorn and reed; the filler layer of the second co-configuration layer is a second mixed layer of steel slag, biochar, and straw, and the wetland plants are a second mixed plant of jujube and saxaul; the filler layer of the third co-configuration layer is a third mixed layer of expanded clay and limestone, and the wetland plants are a third mixed plant of reed and cattail; the filler layer of the fourth co-configuration layer is a fourth mixed layer of coal gangue matrix and humus, and the wetland plants are a fourth mixed plant of poplar and large-leaved limonite.

[0031] Furthermore, in the first synergistic configuration layer, the mixing weight ratio of coal gangue and red mud is 3:2; in the second synergistic configuration layer, the mixing weight ratio of steel slag, biochar, and straw is 5:3:2; in the third synergistic configuration layer, the mixing weight ratio of ceramsite and limestone is 7:3; and in the fourth synergistic configuration layer, the mixing weight ratio of coal gangue matrix and humus is 9:1.

[0032] Furthermore, in the first synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the mixed planting ratio of camel thorn and reed is 7:3; in the second synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the mixed planting ratio of oleaster and saxaul is 1:1; in the third synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the mixed planting ratio of reed and cattail is 3:2; and in the fourth synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the mixed planting ratio of poplar and large-leaved ligustrum is 4:1.

[0033] Furthermore, in step 5, during the ecological treatment of mine water through landscape water space, the aquatic habitat of the landscape water space is regularly restored, including initial restoration, cleaning restoration, and bottom sediment restoration.

[0034] The initial restoration involves carrying out dewatering and disinfection procedures on the water areas of the landscape water space;

[0035] Cleaning and restoration involves removing accumulated waste and weeds from the water area of ​​the landscape water space, and relocating the fish in the water to external waters for release.

[0036] Substrate remediation involves disinfecting and improving the bottom sediment of a water feature in a landscape water space to eliminate hidden biological factors in the sediment.

[0037] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Sedimentation tanks and sand filters can effectively remove particulate pollutants from mine water, thus achieving primary purification of the mine water; reaction tanks can remove residues from the mine water through chemical purification, enabling the mine water to meet higher water quality standards; landscape water space treatment achieves natural ecological purification, effectively treating mine water, while also providing aesthetic value; and by recycling treated water, the water can be reused for landscaping or other suitable purposes, improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing water waste and dependence on external water sources. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the design method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the landscape water space of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an aquatic habitat requiring periodic restoration according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the artificial wetland of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sand filtration device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the root zone of wetland plants according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0045] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the tiered water purification method for mining area landscape design disclosed in this invention includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Extract mine water through an underground pipeline system and test the extracted mine water using water quality testing equipment. The water quality testing equipment can be a portable multi-parameter water quality analyzer, model ERUN-SP7. Extracting through an underground pipeline system can minimize waste discharge and ensure that mineral resource development is coordinated with geological environmental protection. Moreover, the collection and transportation of underground mine water adopts a corrosion-resistant and highly sealed pipeline system to ensure that the risk of pollution is reduced during water transportation.

[0047] Step 2: Classify and treat the mine water according to the water quality test results. If the water quality test results show that the mine water is slightly polluted, filter and disinfect the slightly polluted mine water to obtain water that meets the standards, and then proceed to step 6. If the water quality test results show that the mine water is heavily polluted, proceed to step 3.

[0048] Step 3: The heavily polluted mine water is transported to a sedimentation tank. Primary sedimentation treatment is carried out in the sedimentation tank according to the water quality test results, so that the suspended particles in the mine water settle down. For example, the mine water is stirred and hydroxide is added. Metal ions form insoluble hydroxide precipitates. The sedimentation process leads to the separation of metal ions. The upper layer of mine water after sedimentation is then transported to a sand filter device, where the sand filter device filters out fine particles from the mine water to further remove fine particles and residues.

[0049] Step 4: The mine water after fine particle filtration is transported to the reaction tank. In the reaction tank, the mine water is subjected to chemical impurity removal to remove residues, so that the water quality of the mine water reaches a higher water quality standard and meets higher water demand.

[0050] Step 5: Test the water quality of the mine water after removing the residue. If the suspended solids in the effluent are ≥1mg / L, it indicates that the water quality test does not meet the standard. Then, the mine water is returned to the sedimentation tank and returned to Step 3. If the suspended solids in the effluent are <1mg / L, it indicates that the water quality test meets the standard. Then, the mine water is transported to the landscape water space through a dedicated pipeline. The landscape water space performs ecological treatment on the mine water to obtain water that meets the standard. The pipeline has corrosion resistance and wear resistance to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0051] Step 6: A portion of the qualified water is transported to the landscape facilities in the mining area as landscape water, such as landscape lakes, fountains, and greening irrigation systems in the mining area, while the other portion is transported to the mining area as production water, such as being reused in coal preparation plants and dust suppression processes in the mine, thereby realizing the recycling of mine water.

[0052] Sedimentation tanks and sand filters can effectively remove particulate pollutants from mine water, thus achieving primary purification. Reaction tanks can remove residues from mine water through chemical purification, bringing the water quality to higher standards. Landscape water spaces can achieve natural ecological purification, effectively treating mine water while also providing aesthetic value. By recycling treated water, the water can be reused for landscaping or other suitable purposes, improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing water waste and dependence on external water sources.

[0053] Furthermore, in step 3, the specific steps for implementing primary sedimentation treatment based on the water quality test results are as follows:

[0054] Step 3.1: Based on the water quality test results, determine the main pollutants in the mine water, including organic pollutants, heavy metal pollutants, and saline pollutants;

[0055] Step 3.2: Implement corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutants to enable the main pollutants suspended in the mine water to settle rapidly.

[0056] Furthermore, in step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal measures based on the composition of the main pollutant, if the main pollutant is a heavy metal pollutant, then the process proceeds to the heavy metal removal step:

[0057] First, the mine water is pretreated using heavy metal adsorption materials to adsorb heavy metals in the mine water, and then particulate pollutants are intercepted by a grid. The heavy metal adsorption materials are volcanic rock, modified volcanic rock and / or zeolite. Volcanic rock, modified volcanic rock and zeolite are used to treat different pollutants. For example, modified volcanic rock has an excellent adsorption and removal effect on manganese ions in water.

[0058] Then, a gradient adsorption structure was constructed using SCPS-EDTA / MOFs materials and volcanic rock biofilter media, and the gradient adsorption structure was used to perform core adsorption treatment on heavy metals in the pretreated mine water.

[0059] Finally, mercapto-COFs materials and volcanic rock-based artificial wetlands are used to further treat the mine water after core adsorption treatment, adsorbing and degrading residual heavy metals.

[0060] Furthermore, in step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal measures based on the composition of the main pollutant, if the main pollutant is a saline pollutant, then the process proceeds to the saline pollutant removal step:

[0061] First, obtain the salinity of the mine water, and then select the appropriate removal method based on the salinity:

[0062] If the salt content is <500mg / L, then ion exchange is used to desalinate the mine water.

[0063] If the salt content is between 500 mg / L and 3000 mg / L, then electrodialysis should be used to desalinate the mine water.

[0064] If the salt content is >3000mg / L, an RO water treatment system is used to desalinate the mine water. The RO water treatment system adopts a one-stage two-stage reverse osmosis method, connecting two membrane modules in parallel, and can then use ion exchange for further desalination.

[0065] Furthermore, in step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutants, if the main pollutant is an organic pollutant, then advanced oxidation technology is used to chemically oxidize the organic pollutants in the mine water to remove them. Since the advanced oxidation product - hydroxyl radical - has a very high redox potential and contains unsaturated bonds, it can quickly react with the compounds in the mine water to produce an oxidation reaction.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the sand filter removes fine particles from the mine water, the mine water flows into the sand filter layer 26 from the inlet trough 19 on the left and then flows out from the outlet trough 20 on the right. The fine particles 21 filtered by the sand filter layer 26 move to the bottom of the sand filter to settle.

[0067] Furthermore, in step 5, the landscape water space includes a regulating lake and an eight-stage vertical flow unit; the mine water flows through the eight-stage vertical flow unit before flowing into the regulating lake; both the regulating lake and the eight-stage vertical flow unit are equipped with water distribution pipelines, filler layer 18, and wetland plants.

[0068] Before constructing a landscape water space, it is necessary to understand the local meteorological data in detail, including annual precipitation, evaporation, and temperature variation range. Then, based on the topography and land conditions, various forms of landscape water spaces such as tiered ecological ponds, lakes, or wetlands can be established to collect and store rainwater and treated mine water, forming water bodies with ecological functions and landscape effects, providing water source support for the surrounding ecological environment, and promoting the restoration and reconstruction of the ecosystem.

[0069] like Figure 4As shown, the filler layer 18 of the landscape water space is laid and filled at the bottom of the water area, and wetland plants are planted in the water area. Emergent plants 10 and floating-leaved plants 17, etc., grow in the water area. The inlet pipe 15 of the water distribution pipeline is located on one side of the water area and above the filler layer 18, and is used to introduce mine water. The outlet pipe 16 of the water distribution pipeline is located on the other side of the water area and below the filler layer 18, and is used to discharge mine water. The water distribution pipeline includes perforated pipes, drip irrigation systems or other water distribution methods suitable for intermittent water discharge, to ensure that the mine water can flow evenly and stably into the filler layer 18, which is the key to achieving efficient purification.

[0070] In landscape water spaces, mine water is purified through ecological processes such as plant absorption. The landscape water space treatment process can utilize the purification capacity of the natural ecosystem to effectively treat mine water. At the same time, the landscape water space itself also has certain landscape value. Recycling means that the mine water treated by the landscape water space can be reused for landscape or other suitable purposes, improving the efficiency of water resource utilization and reducing water waste and dependence on external water sources.

[0071] Furthermore, in step 5, the regulating lake and the eight-level vertical flow units are set as four collaborative configuration layers; the first and second level vertical flow units are set as the first collaborative configuration layer, the third to fifth level vertical flow units are set as the second collaborative configuration layer, the sixth to eighth level vertical flow units are set as the third collaborative configuration layer, and the regulating lake is set as the fourth collaborative configuration layer.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the first synergistic configuration layer 18 is a first mixed layer 5 of coal gangue and red mud, and the wetland plants are a first mixed plant 1 of camel thorn and reed grass. Camel thorn and reed grass are selected because of their strong root structure and bio-adsorption capacity. A typical root structure is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, there are aerobic zone 22, gravel 23, hypoxic zone 24 and nodular root 25 at the root. The root system can effectively fix and absorb heavy metals in the soil.

[0073] The second synergistic configuration layer 18 is a second mixed layer 6 of steel slag, biochar and straw, and the wetland plants are a second mixed plant 2 of jujube and saxaul. Jujube and saxaul improve soil structure and reduce salt accumulation with their salt and alkali tolerance characteristics.

[0074] The third synergistic configuration layer 18 is a third mixed layer 7 of expanded clay and limestone, and the wetland plants are a third mixed plant 3 of reeds and cattails. The reeds and cattails efficiently purify the water and improve the water quality through the root micro-ecosystem.

[0075] The fourth synergistic configuration layer 18 is a fourth mixed layer 8 of coal gangue matrix and humus soil, and the wetland plants are a fourth mixed plant 4 of poplar and large-leaved limonite. The configuration of poplar and large-leaved limonite not only beautifies the environment, but also enhances the stability and ornamental value of the ecosystem.

[0076] By setting the regulating lake and the eight-level vertical flow unit into four collaborative configuration layers, with carefully selected plants in each layer and a clear logic, the project achieved comprehensive purification from soil to water and a dual improvement in ecological landscape, thus realizing comprehensive environmental improvement and water purification.

[0077] Furthermore, in the first synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of coal gangue to red mud is 3:2; in the second synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of steel slag, biochar, and straw is 5:3:2; in the third synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of ceramsite to limestone is 7:3; and in the fourth synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of coal gangue matrix to humus is 9:1. The materials in all four filling layers are uniformly mixed, which can better achieve the synergistic effect of the materials.

[0078] Furthermore, in the first synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of camel thorn and reed grass is 7:3; in the second synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of oleaster and saxaul is 1:1; in the third synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of reed and cattail is 3:2; and in the fourth synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of poplar and large-leaved ligustrum is 4:1.

[0079] Furthermore, in step 5, during the ecological treatment of mine water through landscape water spaces, specific bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes are added to the mine water in the regulating lake and the eight-level vertical flow unit. For example, in constructed wetlands, ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria are the main microorganisms. Targeted microbial community regulation can be implemented according to the wetland operation stage. As the main decomposers in the system, microorganisms undertake the task of degrading pollutants in mine water, especially organic pollutants, decomposing organic pollutants in mine water and converting them into harmless substances, thereby achieving the purpose of improving water quality. In addition, microorganisms can also participate in the material cycle and energy flow of water bodies, promoting the normal operation of aquatic ecosystems.

[0080] Furthermore, in step 5, during the ecological treatment of mine water through the landscape water space, corresponding treatment technologies are adopted to adapt to extreme climatic conditions: For the frozen environment, a comprehensive strategy of freeze-thaw buffering and high-temperature evaporation suppression is adopted. By laying PE honeycomb panels at the bottom of the filler layer, the winter insulation effect is enhanced, effectively preventing freeze-thaw phenomena. By combining an 8% opening rate on the ice surface with underwater aeration technology, the dissolved oxygen (DO) is maintained above 3 mg / L during the ice-sealing period. For the high-temperature environment, photovoltaic shading nets are introduced to reduce the surface temperature of the water area, and combined with floating atomizing nozzle technology, the evaporation is significantly reduced, achieving efficient water resource management and optimized energy utilization.

[0081] By using photovoltaic shading nets and spacing photovoltaic panel arrays with water areas, a "light-water-electricity" coupled system is constructed. In summer, the photovoltaic panels provide shade to stabilize the water temperature and reduce fluctuations; in winter, the reflective aluminum film enhances the light penetration into the water, improves biological activity, and optimizes seasonal energy efficiency.

[0082] Furthermore, in step 5, during the ecological treatment of mine water through landscape water space, the aquatic habitat of the landscape water space is regularly restored, including initial restoration, cleaning restoration, and bottom sediment restoration.

[0083] Initial restoration involves carrying out precipitation and disinfection procedures on the water areas of the landscape water space. It mainly focuses on the early stage of water ecosystem construction, and provides favorable conditions for the cultivation of aquatic plants in response to the current low water transparency.

[0084] Cleaning and restoration involves removing accumulated waste and weeds from the water area of ​​a landscape water space, and relocating fish from the water to other water bodies for release. Figure 3 As shown, the coastal plants 9 and submerged plants 11 were cleared, and the benthic animals 14, herbivorous fish 13, and carnivorous fish 12 were relocated and released. Emergent plants 10 and floating-leaved plants 17 were preserved. The cleared waters are as follows: Figure 4 As shown;

[0085] Substrate remediation involves disinfecting and improving the bottom sediment of aquatic water spaces to eliminate hidden biological factors in the sediment, such as spores, bacterial communities, and fish eggs hidden in the soil, and to prevent them from interfering with the growth environment of aquatic plants.

[0086] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Extract mine water through an underground pipeline system and test the extracted mine water using water quality testing equipment. Step 2: Classify and treat the mine water according to the water quality test results. If the water quality test results show that the mine water is slightly polluted, filter and disinfect the slightly polluted mine water to obtain water that meets the standards, and then proceed to step 6. If the water quality test results show that the mine water is heavily polluted, proceed to step 3. Step 3: The heavily polluted mine water is transported to the sedimentation tank. Primary sedimentation treatment is carried out in the sedimentation tank according to the water quality test results to allow the suspended particles in the mine water to settle. The upper layer of mine water after sedimentation is then transported to the sand filter device, where the sand filter device removes fine particles from the mine water. Step 4: The mine water after fine particle filtration is transported to the reaction tank, where residual substances are removed from the mine water by chemical purification. Step 5: Test the water quality of the mine water after removing the residue. If the water quality test fails to meet the standard, the mine water is returned to the sedimentation tank and returned to Step 3. If the water quality test meets the standard, it is transported to the landscape water space for ecological treatment to obtain qualified water. Step 6: A portion of the qualified water is transported to the landscape facilities in the mining area for landscaping purposes, and the other portion is transported to the mining area for production purposes. In step 5, the landscape water space includes a regulating lake and an eight-stage vertical flow unit; the mine water flows through the eight-stage vertical flow unit before flowing into the regulating lake; both the regulating lake and the eight-stage vertical flow unit are equipped with water distribution pipes, filler layers, and wetland plants; the filler layer is laid and filled at the bottom of the water area, and the wetland plants are planted in the water area; the inlet pipe of the water distribution pipe is located on one side of the water area and above the filler layer, and is used to introduce mine water; the outlet pipe of the water distribution pipe is located on the other side of the water area and below the filler layer, and is used to discharge mine water. In step 5, the regulating lake and the eight-stage vertical flow units are set as four co-configuration layers; the first and second stages of vertical flow units are set as the first co-configuration layer, the third to fifth stages of vertical flow units are set as the second co-configuration layer, the sixth to eighth stages of vertical flow units are set as the third co-configuration layer, and the regulating lake is set as the fourth co-configuration layer; the filler layer of the first co-configuration layer is a first mixed layer of coal gangue and red mud, and the wetland plants are a first mixed plant of camel thorn and reed; the filler layer of the second co-configuration layer is a second mixed layer of steel slag, biochar and straw, and the wetland plants are a second mixed plant of jujube and saxaul; the filler layer of the third co-configuration layer is a third mixed layer of expanded clay and limestone, and the wetland plants are a third mixed plant of reed and cattail; the filler layer of the fourth co-configuration layer is a fourth mixed layer of coal gangue matrix and humus, and the wetland plants are a fourth mixed plant of poplar and large-leaved limonite.

2. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the specific steps for implementing primary sedimentation treatment based on water quality test results are as follows: Step 3.1: Based on the water quality test results, determine the main pollutants in the mine water, including organic pollutants, heavy metal pollutants, and saline pollutants; Step 3.2: Implement corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutants to enable the main pollutants suspended in the mine water to settle rapidly.

3. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal measures based on the composition of the main pollutant, if the main pollutant is a heavy metal pollutant, then proceed to the heavy metal removal step: First, heavy metal adsorption materials are used to pretreat the mine water, adsorbing heavy metals from the mine water, and then particulate pollutants are intercepted by a grid. Then, a gradient adsorption structure was constructed using SCPS-EDTA / MOFs materials and volcanic rock biofilter media, and the gradient adsorption structure was used to perform core adsorption treatment on heavy metals in the pretreated mine water. Finally, mercapto-COFs materials and volcanic rock-based artificial wetlands are used to further treat the mine water after core adsorption treatment, adsorbing and degrading residual heavy metals.

4. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutant, if the main pollutant is a saline pollutant, then proceed to the saline pollutant removal step: First, obtain the salinity of the mine water, and then select the appropriate removal method based on the salinity: If the salt content is <500mg / L, then ion exchange is used to desalinate the mine water. If the salt content is between 500 mg / L and 3000 mg / L, then electrodialysis should be used to desalinate the mine water. If the salt content is >3000mg / L, an RO water treatment system is used to desalinate the mine water.

5. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3.2, when implementing corresponding removal methods based on the composition of the main pollutants, if the main pollutant is an organic pollutant, then advanced oxidation technology is used to chemically oxidize the organic pollutants in the mine water to remove them.

6. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of coal gangue to red mud is 3:2; in the second synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of steel slag, biochar, and straw is 5:3:2; in the third synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of expanded clay and limestone is 7:3; and in the fourth synergistic configuration layer, the weight ratio of coal gangue matrix to humus is 9:

1.

7. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of camel thorn and reed grass is 7:3; in the second synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of oleaster and saxaul is 1:1; in the third synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of reed and cattail is 3:2; and in the fourth synergistic configuration layer of wetland plants, the ratio of mixed planting of poplar and large-leaved ligustrum is 4:

1.

8. The method for designing a mining area landscape with tiered water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5, during the ecological treatment of mine water through landscape water space, the aquatic habitat of the landscape water space is regularly restored, including initial restoration, cleaning restoration, and bottom sediment restoration. The initial restoration involves carrying out dewatering and disinfection procedures on the water areas of the landscape water space; Cleaning and restoration involves removing accumulated waste and weeds from the water area of ​​the landscape water space, and relocating the fish in the water to external waters for release. Substrate remediation involves disinfecting and improving the bottom sediment of a water feature in a landscape water space to eliminate hidden biological factors in the sediment.

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