Deep mine heat damage cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation

Abstract

The application discloses a deep mine heat damage cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation, which comprises a shallow rock mass unit, a deep roadway cooling unit and a geothermal fluid circulation system. The geothermal fluid circulation system comprises a circulating power pump, a sensor, a PLC controller, an actuator and a circulating pipeline. The circulating power pump, the sensor and the actuator are arranged on the circulating pipeline. The sensor is electrically connected with the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is electrically connected with the actuator. The shallow rock mass unit comprises a first drill hole, and a first casing pipe is arranged in the first drill hole. The first casing pipe is connected with the circulating pipeline. The deep roadway cooling unit comprises a roadway working face, and a second drill hole is arranged at the surrounding rock of the roadway working face. The application solves the problems of high energy consumption, high operation cost and poor stability of the traditional refrigeration system, provides a new solution for deep mine cooling, and has remarkable economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining engineering technology, specifically to a deep mine heat damage cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the development and utilization of renewable energy has become a focus of international attention. Geothermal energy, as a clean and sustainable energy form, is highly favored due to its abundant reserves and wide distribution. However, the development and utilization of geothermal energy faces many challenges, such as the difficulty of geothermal resource exploration, high development costs, and unstable heat supply. Especially in the field of deep mining, due to the complex underground working environment, high temperature and humidity conditions seriously affect the health of workers and production efficiency. Therefore, how to effectively cool down deep mines has become an urgent problem to be solved. According to statistics, in the next 10 to 15 years, 50% of my country's iron ore and 33% of its non-ferrous metal ore resources will be mined at depths of over 1,000 meters. High temperature heat hazards are a major problem faced by deep mining, and active cooling technology is the key to solving the problem of high temperature heat hazards in deep mining.

[0003] Currently, cooling technologies for deep mines mainly rely on traditional refrigeration systems, such as air conditioning systems and ice storage systems. While these systems can alleviate the high-temperature problem in mines to some extent, they suffer from drawbacks such as high energy consumption, high operating costs, and complex maintenance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-efficiency, low-consumption, and highly adaptive cooling system for deep mines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation, comprising a shallow rock mass unit, a deep tunnel cooling unit, and a geothermal fluid circulation system. The geothermal fluid circulation system includes a circulation power pump, a sensor, a PLC controller, an actuator, and a circulation pipeline. The circulation power pump, sensor, and actuator are installed on the circulation pipeline. The sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the actuator. The shallow rock mass unit includes a first borehole, a first casing is installed in the first borehole, the first casing is connected to a circulation pipeline, and a high-efficiency heat-conducting medium is installed between the first casing and the first borehole. The shallow rock mass unit is used for thermal energy storage. The deep tunnel cooling unit includes a tunnel working face, a second borehole is set in the surrounding rock of the tunnel working face, a second casing is set in the second borehole, and the second casing is connected to a circulation pipeline.

[0005] Preferably, the number of the first boreholes is several, the distance between any two first boreholes is 50-100m, the depth of the first borehole is 50-300m, and the diameter of the first borehole is 311-445mm.

[0006] Preferably, the high-efficiency thermally conductive medium is a medium with a thermal conductivity of 1.5 to 3.6 W / (m·K).

[0007] Preferably, the circulating power pump is a centrifugal pump or an axial flow pump.

[0008] Preferably, a pressure reducing device is provided on the circulation pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the second sleeve is a concentric tube structure or a U-shaped tube structure.

[0011] In this invention, the shallow rock mass refers to the rock strata within a depth of 300m below the surface of the mine. This invention transports low-temperature shallow geothermal fluids to the deep mine for cooling, and releases the heat from the geothermal fluids in the deep mine into the shallow rock mass through heat exchange. After a certain period of circulation, the temperature of the shallow groundwater rises, and heat can be extracted from the shallow groundwater using independent pipelines to achieve thermal energy storage and application. The deep mine cools down through heat neutralization, ultimately achieving the goal of shallow energy storage and deep cooling.

[0012] Beneficial effects of this invention: 1. High thermal energy utilization efficiency: The heat of geothermal fluids in deep mines is released into shallow rock masses in the form of heat exchange. After a certain period of circulation, the temperature of shallow groundwater rises. Through shallow rock mass units, thermal energy can be stored and regulated, thus improving thermal energy utilization efficiency.

[0013] 2. Low operating cost: By utilizing geothermal energy and the natural energy storage capacity of shallow rock masses, the energy consumption and operating costs of traditional refrigeration systems are reduced.

[0014] 3. High adaptability: It can flexibly adjust the cooling capacity according to the actual temperature changes in the mine, so as to meet the long-term and stable cooling needs of deep mines.

[0015] 4. Promote the optimization of energy structure: The implementation of this invention will promote the development and utilization of geothermal energy, and promote the optimization of energy structure and sustainable development.

[0016] In summary, this invention not only solves the problems of high energy consumption, high operating costs, and poor stability of traditional refrigeration systems, but also improves thermal energy utilization efficiency and enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the system, providing a new solution for cooling in deep mines. It has significant social and economic benefits and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a deep tunnel cooling unit; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shallow rock mass unit; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the concentric tube structure of the second sleeve; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second U-shaped tube structure; In the diagram: 1 is the deep tunnel cooling unit; 2 is the shallow rock mass unit; 3 is the geothermal fluid circulation system; 101 is the tunnel working face; 102 is the second borehole; 201 is the mine surface; 202 is the first borehole; the arrows indicate the direction of water flow. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation includes a shallow rock mass unit 2, a deep tunnel cooling unit 1, and a geothermal fluid circulation system 3. The deep tunnel cooling unit 1 includes a tunnel working face 101, a second borehole 102 is provided in the surrounding rock of the tunnel working face 101, and a second casing is provided in the second borehole 102. In practical work, such as Figure 2 As shown, the deep tunnel cooling unit 1 has multiple tunnel working faces 101. Each tunnel working face 101 has a series of second boreholes 102 drilled downwards. The diameter of the second boreholes 102 is 216–311 mm, and the depth of the second boreholes 102 reaches the surrounding rock of the next tunnel working face 101. The depth of the second boreholes 102 and the angle between the second boreholes 102 and the tunnel working face 101 are determined based on the tunnel working faces 101 of two adjacent layers. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the second sleeve adopts a concentric tube structure or a U-shaped tube structure, and the second sleeve is made of PE-RT type II or PB pipe.

[0020] The geothermal fluid circulation system 3 is used to drive the circulation of geothermal fluid (groundwater) between the shallow rock mass unit 2 and the deep tunnel cooling unit 1. The geothermal fluid circulation system 3 includes a circulation power pump, sensors, a PLC controller, actuators, and circulation pipelines. The circulation power pump, sensors, and actuators are installed on the circulation pipelines. The sensors are electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the actuators. The circulation power pump is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant alloy material.

[0021] The shallow rock mass unit 2 includes a first borehole 202, within which a first casing is installed. The first casing is connected to a circulation pipeline, and a highly efficient heat-conducting medium is installed between the first casing and the first borehole 202. The shallow rock mass unit 2 serves as both a cold source and a thermal energy storage source. The design of the shallow rock mass unit 2 in this invention utilizes the thermal inertia and energy storage capacity of shallow rock masses. Using precise geological exploration techniques, shallow rock masses with high thermal conductivity and good stability are selected as the energy storage medium, such as weathered granite, sandstone, and Quaternary loose layers (sand, gravel). The rock mass temperature is regulated by injecting or extracting geothermal fluids.

[0022] Specifically, when the shallow rock mass unit 2 is located at the mine surface 201, a first borehole 202 is drilled below the mine surface 201. There are several first boreholes 202, and they are arranged in multiple parallel rows. The distance between any two first boreholes 202 is 50 to 100 m. The depth of the first borehole 202 is 50 to 300 m, and the diameter of the first borehole 202 is 311 to 445 mm.

[0023] Specifically, the efficient heat-conducting medium is cementing cement.

[0024] Specifically, circulating power pumps include centrifugal pumps and axial flow pumps.

[0025] Specifically, a pressure-reducing device is installed on the circulation pipeline to ensure the stable circulation of geothermal fluid.

[0026] Specifically, the sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and flow sensors. These sensors monitor parameters such as mine temperature, geothermal fluid temperature, pressure, and flow rate in real time. The PLC controller, based on preset conditions and real-time monitoring data, calculates and automatically adjusts the geothermal fluid circulation rate through algorithms, achieving flexibility and efficiency in combined cooling and heating. This invention also includes an intelligent control system with remote monitoring, fault warning, and automatic alarm functions, which improves the reliability and safety of the invention.

[0027] The actuator in this invention receives signals from the PLC controller and adjusts the valve opening and closing and the valve flow rate to maintain the temperature of the geothermal fluid within a certain range.

[0028] The working principle and workflow of this invention: The present invention can start the geothermal fluid circulation system 3 through the intelligent control system, extract the geothermal fluid from the first casing of the shallow rock mass unit 2, and transport it to the deep tunnel cooling unit 3 for cooling through the circulation pipeline. Then, the geothermal fluid that has absorbed heat returns to the shallow rock mass unit 2 for storage through the circulation pipeline.

[0029] During operation, groundwater in shallow rock mass unit 2 is sent to deep tunnel cooling unit 1 via geothermal fluid circulation system 3. After absorbing heat from the surrounding rock in the deep mine, it returns to shallow rock mass unit 2 for energy storage, forming a cycle. During operation, the PLC controller automatically adjusts the flow rate of 5 to 50 m³ / h and the pump power according to changes in tunnel temperature, such as a ±2℃ threshold, to ensure that the cooling capacity matches the demand.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A deep roadway in an iron mine has a depth of 1000m, and the temperature at the working face 101 is 34℃-36℃. Using the system of this invention, shallow energy storage units 2 are arranged on the mine surface 201, with the first borehole reaching a depth of 300m and a spacing of 100m. High thermal conductivity cement with a thermal conductivity of 3.6W / (m·K) is installed. The PLC controller dynamically adjusts the power and flow rate of the circulating power pump based on feedback from the temperature sensor. After 12 months of operation, the average temperature at the working face 101 of the roadway decreased from 34℃-36℃ to 27℃.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A deep roadway in an iron mine has a depth of 1000m, and the temperature at the working face 101 is 34℃-36℃. Using the system of this invention, shallow energy storage units 2 are arranged on the mine surface 201, with the first borehole reaching a depth of 50m and spacing between boreholes of 50m. High thermal conductivity cement with a thermal conductivity of 1.5W / (m·K) is installed. The PLC controller dynamically adjusts the power and flow rate of the circulating power pump based on temperature sensor feedback. After 14 months of operation, the average temperature at the working face 101 of the roadway decreased from 34℃-36℃ to 28℃.

[0034] It is understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use needs are met, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation, characterized in that, Includes shallow rock mass unit (2), deep tunnel cooling unit (1), and geothermal fluid circulation system (3); The geothermal fluid circulation system (3) includes a circulation power pump, a sensor, a PLC controller, an actuator, and a circulation pipeline. The circulation power pump, sensor, and actuator are installed on the circulation pipeline. The sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the actuator. The shallow rock mass unit (2) includes a first borehole (202), a first casing is installed in the first borehole (202), the first casing is connected to a circulation pipe, and a high-efficiency heat-conducting medium is installed between the first casing and the first borehole (202); The deep tunnel cooling unit (1) includes a tunnel working face (101), a second borehole (102) is provided in the surrounding rock of the tunnel working face (101), a second casing is provided in the second borehole (102), and the second casing is connected to the circulation pipeline. The number of the first boreholes (202) is several, the distance between each two first boreholes (202) is 50 to 100 m, the depth of the first boreholes (202) is 50 to 300 m, and the diameter of the first boreholes (202) is 311 to 445 mm; The second sleeve is a concentric tube structure or a U-shaped tube structure.

2. The deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-efficiency heat-conducting medium has a thermal conductivity of 1.5 to 3.6 W / (m·K).

3. The deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating power pump is a centrifugal pump and an axial flow pump.

4. A deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure reducing device is installed on the circulation pipeline.

5. A deep mine heat hazard cooling system based on shallow rock mass geothermal circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensors include a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor.

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