Water consumption-based hydropower unit start-stop control method and system

Abstract

The application provides a water consumption-based hydropower unit start-stop control method and system. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, determining the limited operation area and the recommended operation area of each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination; step 2, determining the start-stop alternative scheme at each time within a preset time period; step 3, judging whether the start-stop alternative scheme at each time within the preset time period is the current operating hydropower unit combination, if yes, updating the start-stop alternative scheme based on water consumption, and then entering step 4; otherwise, judging whether there is a repeated start-stop risk, if yes, updating the start-stop alternative scheme, and then entering step 4, if no, directly entering step 4; step 4, determining the start-stop scheme of the hydropower station according to the limited operation time of each unit and the start-stop priority of each unit, and performing control. The technical scheme provided by the application realizes the maximum power generation with the least water consumption on the basis of ensuring the safety of power grid operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automatic power generation control technology, and in particular to a method and system for controlling the start-up and shutdown of hydropower station units based on water consumption. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated construction of new power systems, new forms of energy such as wind, solar and energy storage are gradually transforming from supplementary energy to primary energy. Hydropower units play a crucial regulatory role in new power systems due to their fast start-up and shutdown speeds and rapid regulation rates. On the other hand, with the full-scale advancement of frequency regulation markets and electricity spot markets, the number of start-up and shutdown times of hydropower units is becoming increasingly frequent.

[0003] In existing technologies, within the context of frequency regulation and spot markets, only real-time monitoring of load plan changes is conducted, and manual start-up and shutdown are executed accordingly. This neglects factors such as water consumption, leading to resource waste in start-up and shutdown control. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a hydropower station start-up and shutdown scheme that can optimize resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for controlling the start-up and shutdown of hydropower station units based on water consumption, so as to at least solve the technical problem that the start-up and shutdown control causes resource waste due to the failure to consider water consumption.

[0005] The first aspect of this application proposes a method for start-up and shutdown control of hydropower station units based on water consumption, the method comprising:

[0006] Step 1: When the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the currently operating hydropower unit combination of the hydropower station meet the corresponding first joint operation area at each time within the preset time period, the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination are determined based on the joint operation area of ​​each unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0007] Step 2: Determine the start-up and shutdown alternatives for each time period within the preset duration based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination;

[0008] Step 3: Determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period are all the combinations of the currently operating hydropower units. If so, update the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on water consumption, and then proceed to Step 4.

[0009] Otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the start-up or shutdown alternatives from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time to the last time within the preset time. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption and then proceed to step 4. If there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to step 4.

[0010] Step 4: Determine the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit. Then, automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station.

[0011] Preferably, determining the start-up and shutdown alternatives for each time period within the preset time frame based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit within the currently operating hydropower unit combination includes:

[0012] Based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination, determine the second joint operating area corresponding to each preset number of operating hydropower units when they are in the restricted operating area;

[0013] Determine the common operating area of ​​the second joint operating area corresponding to the adjustable output upper and lower limits at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination and each preset number of operating hydropower units in the restricted operating area, and obtain the common operating area of ​​each preset number of operating hydropower units in the restricted operating area at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0014] The first restricted operation coefficient is determined based on the common operating area of ​​the preset number of operating hydropower units within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination when they are in the restricted operation area.

[0015] Determine the second restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is running under the current operating hydropower unit combination, and the third restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is shut down;

[0016] The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes for each moment within the preset time period are determined based on the first restricted operation coefficient, the second restricted operation coefficient, and the third restricted operation coefficient.

[0017] Furthermore, when the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, P a0.r P is the second combined operating zone corresponding to the condition that a0 operating hydropower units within the current operating unit combination are in the restricted operating zone. i.base For the baseload data of the i-th generating unit after grid connection, P i.limh P represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in either the vibration-free zone or the single-vibration zone.i.max Let r0 be the upper limit of the output of the i-th unit, and r0 be the total number of operating hydropower units in the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0020] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, P i.vib This represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the i-th unit;

[0023] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, P i.lim2l P represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone. i.lim2h This represents the minimum recommended operating range value for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone.

[0026] Furthermore, determining the start-up and shutdown alternatives for each moment within the preset time period based on the first, second, and third restricted operating coefficients includes:

[0027] If the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t.

[0028] If the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained.

[0029] If the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t and the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then starting one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t.

[0030] Where t∈[1,...,T], and T is the total number of moments within the preset duration.

[0031] Furthermore, updating the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption includes:

[0032] Obtain the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period;

[0033] The start-up and shutdown alternatives are updated based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternatives within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternatives within the preset time period.

[0034] Alternatively, obtain the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the power-on alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the power-off alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

[0035] The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

[0036] Furthermore, obtaining the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period includes:

[0037] Obtain the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment within a preset time period, and the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period;

[0038] The load allocated to each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period is determined based on the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period.

[0039] Based on the load allocated to each unit at each time, the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit at each time is found in the water consumption curve;

[0040] The water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time is determined based on the load allocated to each unit at each time and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated at each time.

[0041] The total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is determined based on the water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time.

[0042] The step of updating the start-up and shutdown alternative plans based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative plans within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative plans within the preset time period includes:

[0043] If the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

[0044] If the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, then the currently operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained.

[0045] If the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then one unit will be started as the startup / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

[0046] Furthermore, obtaining the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period includes:

[0047] Determine the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination based on the restricted and recommended operating zones of each operating hydropower unit within the current operating unit combination.

[0048] Based on the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination, determine the joint water consumption operation zone under the current operating combination, and select each effective water consumption interval from each joint water consumption operation zone. Then, based on each effective water consumption interval and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit in the current operating combination at each time, determine the water consumption of the current operating combination corresponding to each effective water consumption interval at each time.

[0049] The minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be selected from the water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment corresponding to each effective water consumption interval, and the minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be taken as the optimal water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment within a preset time period.

[0050] The step of updating the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period includes:

[0051] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

[0052] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination is maintained.

[0053] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then one unit will be started as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

[0054] Preferably, determining the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit includes:

[0055] When the number of generating units participating in the start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme is 1, the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme shall be used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0056] When the number of generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes is greater than or equal to 2, the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control are sorted according to their start-up and shutdown priorities to obtain a priority sequence of the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control. The number of generating units corresponding to the first priority in the priority sequence is determined. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is 1, then the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first priority is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is greater than or equal to 2, then the generating units corresponding to the first priority are sorted according to their restricted operating time from smallest to largest to form a restricted operating time sequence, and the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first generating unit in the restricted operating time sequence is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0057] Furthermore, the automatic start-up and shutdown control of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station includes:

[0058] Step E1: Obtain the time t for each time control needs to be performed within the preset time period. sta and the time t for shutdown control stp Hydropower units participating in start-up and shutdown at various times, and preset start-up advance time tadv Power-on reminder countdown time t rem Start-up conditions for hydropower units that require participation in startup;

[0059] Step E2: For start-up control, determine whether the hydropower units that need to participate in start-up meet the start-up conditions. If they do, proceed to step E3. Otherwise, based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes, reselect and determine the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0060] For shutdown control, proceed to step E4;

[0061] Step E3: Determine the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time, and take the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time as the first start-up period. At the beginning of the first period before the start-up control time, trigger the start-up reminder and start the start-up countdown. Then, at the preset start-up advance time before the start-up control time, generate the start-up command to control the hydropower unit participating in the start-up to start automatically.

[0062] Wherein, when the time required for power-on control is the first time t0 within the preset duration, if |t rem -t0|<t adv If the time is right, a start-up command is immediately generated to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up to start automatically and to trigger an alarm.

[0063] If t adv ≤|t rem -t0| <t adv +t rem If the time is reached, a power-on reminder will be triggered immediately, and a power-on countdown will begin, with the duration being from the current time t0 to t... sta -t adv The duration of the moment is counted down, and after the countdown ends, t... sta -t adv A start-up command is generated at all times to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up process to start automatically.

[0064] Step E4: Determine the hydropower unit involved in the shutdown at t stp Check if the automatic downpass conditions are met at any given time. If the conditions are met, trigger the automatic downpass procedure. After the automatic downpass procedure is completed, repeatedly confirm the current shutdown plan from time t. stp If there is a need to start up at the last moment within the preset time period, then no shutdown command is generated; otherwise, a shutdown command is generated, and based on the shutdown command, the hydropower units participating in the shutdown are controlled to automatically shut down.

[0065] If the underpass conditions are not met, an alarm will be triggered, and the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station will be determined based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes.

[0066] The second aspect of this application proposes a hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control system based on water consumption, including:

[0067] The first determining module is used to determine the restricted operating area and suggested operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination based on the single unit joint operating area of ​​each unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination when the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the combination meet the corresponding first joint operating area at each time within a preset time period.

[0068] The second determining module is used to determine the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period based on the restricted operating area and suggested operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination.

[0069] The judgment module is used to determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period are all the combinations of the currently operating hydropower units. If so, the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on water consumption, and then the process proceeds to the third determination module.

[0070] Otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the start-up or shutdown alternatives from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time to the last time within the preset time. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption and then proceed to step 4. If there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to the third determination module.

[0071] The third determining module is used to determine the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit, and then to automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station.

[0072] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0073] This application proposes a method and system for controlling the start-up and shutdown of hydropower station units based on water consumption. The method includes: Step 1: When the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the currently operating hydropower unit combination meet their corresponding first joint operation area at each moment within a preset time period, the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination are determined based on the single-unit joint operation area of ​​each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination; Step 2: Based on the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination, the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each moment within the preset time period are determined; Step 3: Determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each moment within the preset time period are all the same as those of the currently operating hydropower unit combination. If the generator set combination is such that the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme is updated based on water consumption, then proceed to step 4; otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time period to the last time period within the preset time period. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme based on water consumption, then proceed to step 4; if there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to step 4. Step 4: Determine the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit. Then, automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower station's generator units based on the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. The technical solution proposed in this application, while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid, achieves the goal of generating the most electricity with the least amount of water and extends the life of the generator units.

[0074] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0075] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0076] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a water consumption-based hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a water consumption-based hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control system according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0079] This application proposes a method and system for controlling the start-up and shutdown of hydropower station units based on water consumption. The method includes: Step 1: When the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the currently operating hydropower unit combination meet their corresponding first joint operation area at each moment within a preset time period, the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination are determined based on the single-unit joint operation area of ​​each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination; Step 2: Based on the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination, the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each moment within the preset time period are determined; Step 3: Determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each moment within the preset time period are all the same as those of the currently operating hydropower unit combination. If the generator set combination is such that the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme is updated based on water consumption, then proceed to step 4; otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time period to the last time period within the preset time period. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme based on water consumption, then proceed to step 4; if there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to step 4. Step 4: Determine the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit. Then, automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower station's generator units based on the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. The technical solution proposed in this application, while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid, achieves the goal of generating the most electricity with the least amount of water and extends the life of the generator units.

[0080] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates an embodiment of a hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control method and system based on water consumption.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] Figure 1 The flowchart below shows a method for controlling the start-up and shutdown of a hydropower station unit based on water consumption, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0083] Step 1: When the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the currently operating hydropower unit combination of the hydropower station meet the corresponding first joint operation area at each time within the preset time period, the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination are determined based on the joint operation area of ​​each unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0084] It should be noted that when the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-up and shutdown combination is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, P r For the first joint operation region corresponding to the r-th power-on combination, P i.base Let P be the base load data after the i-th hydropower unit is connected to the grid. i.max This represents the upper limit of the output of the i-th hydropower unit;

[0087] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station and the number of operating hydropower units is equal to 1, the calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-up and shutdown combination is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, P i.vib This represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the i-th hydropower unit;

[0090] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration zone unit hydropower station and the number of operating hydropower units is greater than or equal to 2, if the operating hydropower units in the hydropower station meet the following conditions: The calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-stop combination is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, P x.max P represents the maximum single-unit output of the hydropower units operating within the hydropower station. x.vib P is the minimum vibration zone value of a single hydroelectric generator unit operating within the hydroelectric power station. 1.vib P represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the first hydroelectric generator unit. 2.vib This refers to the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the second hydroelectric generator unit;

[0093] If the hydropower units operating in the hydropower station satisfy the following conditions The calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-stop combination is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration zone unit hydropower station and the number of operating hydropower units is equal to 1, the calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-up and shutdown combination is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, P i.vib2l P represents the lower limit data for the i-th hydropower unit in vibration zone 2. i.vib2h This represents the upper limit data for the i-th hydropower unit in vibration zone 2;

[0098] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration zone unit hydropower station and the number of operating hydropower units is equal to 2, if the operating hydropower units in the hydropower station satisfy... and The calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-stop combination is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] If the hydropower units operating in the hydropower station satisfy the following conditions and The calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-stop combination is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] If the hydropower units operating in the hydropower station satisfy the following conditions and The calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-stop combination is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] If the hydropower units operating in the hydropower station satisfy the following conditions and The calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-stop combination is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration zone unit hydropower station and the number of operating hydropower units is greater than or equal to 3, the calculation formula for the first joint operation area corresponding to each start-up and shutdown combination is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, P 1.vib2l P represents the lower limit data for the first hydropower unit in vibration zone 2. 2.base P represents the base load data after the first hydropower unit was connected to the grid. 1.max This refers to the upper limit output data for the first hydroelectric generating unit, P. 2.vib2l P represents the lower limit data for the second hydropower unit in vibration zone 2. r.vib This represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the r-th hydropower unit.

[0109] It should be noted that the determination of the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit within the current operating hydropower unit combination based on the combined operating area of ​​each unit's individual units includes:

[0110] When the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the single-unit joint operation area P rd For P rd,i =[P i.base ,P i.max ], then P lim,i =[P i.base ,P i.limh ]; P work,i =[P i.limh ,P i.max ], where P rd,i For the single-unit joint operation area of ​​the i-th unit, P lim,i For the restricted operating area of ​​the i-th unit, P i.limh P represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in either the vibration-free zone or the single-vibration zone. work,i The recommended operating area for the i-th generating unit;

[0111] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the single-unit joint operation area P is... rd for Then P lim,i =[P i.vib ,P i.limh ]; P work =[P i.limh ,P i.max ];

[0112] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration zone unit hydropower station, the single-unit joint operation area P rd for Then P lim,i =[P i.vib ,P i.vib2l ]; P work =[P i.vib2h ,P i.max ].

[0113] Step 2: Determine the start-up and shutdown alternatives for each time period within the preset duration based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination;

[0114] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step 2 specifically includes:

[0115] 2.1 Determine the second joint operating zone corresponding to each preset number of operating hydropower units when they are in the restricted operating zone based on the restricted operating zone and the recommended operating zone of each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination;

[0116] It should be noted that when the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, P a0.r P is the second combined operating zone corresponding to the condition that a0 operating hydropower units within the current operating unit combination are in the restricted operating zone. i.base For the baseload data of the i-th generating unit after grid connection, P i.max Let r0 be the upper limit of the output of the i-th unit, and r0 be the total number of operating hydropower units in the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0119] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] In the formula, P i.vib This represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the i-th unit;

[0122] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, P i.lim2l P represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone. i.lim2h This represents the minimum recommended operating range value for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone.

[0125] It should be noted that if we take a0 units from the current combination of hydropower units that do not need to be started or stopped (i.e., the current operating hydropower unit combination r0) that are in the restricted operating area, then the remaining r0-a0 units are in the recommended operating period area. That is, if we assume that 0 units, 1 units up to r0 units are in the restricted operating area, then r0 units, r0-1 units up to 0 units are in the recommended operating period area respectively.

[0126] Calculate all possible cases in r0, and by permutation and combination, we can find the total number of cases. This is one of the situations.

[0127] Let the restricted operating area of ​​the hydropower units in the r0 combination be a0 units, and the suggested operating areas for the remaining r0-a0 units be: Then the second combined operating area is:

[0128] For hydropower stations with units operating in the vibration-free zone, the restricted operating zone P lim And recommended operating area P work For: P lim,i =[P i.base ,P i.limh ]; P work,i =[P i.limh ,P i.max ], then the second joint operation area

[0129] For a hydropower station with a single vibration zone unit, its restricted operating zone P lim And recommended operating area P work For: P lim,i =[P i.vib ,P i.limh ]; P work =[P i.limh ,P i.max ], then the second joint operation area

[0130] For hydropower stations with units in the dual vibration zone, the restricted operating zone P lim And recommended operating area P work For: P lim,i =[P i.vib ,P i.vib2l ]; P work =[P i.vib2h ,P i.max ], then the second joint operation area

[0131] 2.2 Determine the common operating area of ​​the adjustable output upper and lower limits at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination and the second joint operating area corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operating area, so as to obtain the common operating area of ​​the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operating area at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination;

[0132] It should be noted that the upper and lower limits are adjusted at time t0. Take the joint operation area P corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit. a0.r Calculated as P when a0 is running in the restricted operating area a0.r With P 0.rng public parts in, P a0.pub This is the lower limit value for the common parts of device a0 when it is running in the restricted operating area. The upper limit value for the common area when machine a0 is running in the restricted operating area is calculated as follows:

[0133] For hydropower stations with units in the vibration-free zone Then Pa0.r and P 0.rng public areas for:

[0134] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0135] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0136] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0137] like Then P a0.pub for

[0138] For hydropower stations with single-vibration-zone units Then P a0.r and P 0.rng public areas for:

[0139] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0140] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0141] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0142] like and but

[0143] For hydropower stations with units in the dual vibration zone Then P a0.r and P 0.rng public areas for:

[0144] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0145] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0146] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0147] like and Then P a0.pub for

[0148] 2.3 Based on the common operating area of ​​the preset number of operating hydropower units within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination, when they are in the restricted operating area, determine the first restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination;

[0149] It should be noted that the calculation formula for the first limiting operating coefficient at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination is as follows:

[0150]

[0151] In the formula, L r0 L is the first limiting operating factor under the current operating hydropower unit combination r0. a0 For machine a0 running in the restricted operating area, P a0.pub With P 0.rng The coefficient in, P a0.pub 'a0 machine running in restricted operating area P a0.pub In P 0.rng The proportion in;

[0152] Among them, P is calculated when a0 is running in the restricted operating area. a0.pub In P 0.rng The proportion of P in a0.pub ':

[0153]

[0154] Calculate P when machine a0 is running in the restricted operating area. a0.pub With P 0.rng The coefficient L in a0 Specifically:

[0155]

[0156] Let r0 be the number of units, and a0 be the sum of coefficients for different numbers of units. r0 That is, the first limiting operating coefficient of machine r0, specifically:

[0157]

[0158] 2.4 Determine the second limiting operating coefficient L for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is operating under the current hydropower unit combination. r0+1 and the third limiting operating coefficient L at each moment within the preset time period corresponding to the shutdown of one unit. r0-1 ;

[0159] 2.5 Determine the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes for each moment within the preset time period based on the first restricted operation coefficient, the second restricted operation coefficient, and the third restricted operation coefficient.

[0160] It should be noted that if the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as an alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t.

[0161] If the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained.

[0162] If the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t and the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then starting one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t.

[0163] Where t∈[1,...,T], and T is the total number of moments within the preset duration.

[0164] It should be noted that if L r0-1 <L r0+1 And L r0-1 <L r0 Then choose r 0-1 As an alternative solution at time t0, one machine is shut down at time t0.

[0165] If L r0 <L r0+1 And L r0 <L r0-1 If r0 is selected as the alternative at time t0, then the current method will be maintained at time t0.

[0166] If L r0+1 <L r0-1 And L r0+1 <L r0 Then choose r 0+1 As an alternative solution at time t0, one machine is turned on at time t0.

[0167] Calculate t1 to t2 respectivelyi The current operating unit combination r0 has a limiting operating coefficient L. r0 Turn on 1 machine 0+1 Limitation of operating coefficient L r0+1 Stop 1 machine 0-1 Limitation of operating coefficient L r0-1 and respectively from t0 to t i Always select the corresponding start-up and shutdown optimization combination r0, r 0+1 or r 0-1 .

[0168] Step 3: Determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period are all the combinations of the currently operating hydropower units. If so, update the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on water consumption, and then proceed to Step 4.

[0169] Otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the start-up or shutdown alternatives from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time to the last time within the preset time. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption and then proceed to step 4. If there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to step 4.

[0170] It should be noted that if t0 to t i If the optimization scheme for starting and stopping at any time is r0, then from t0 to t i Without needing to optimize start-up and shutdown at any time, and maintaining the current operating hydropower unit combination r0, the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on water consumption;

[0171] If t0 to t i The optimization scheme for starting and stopping at all times is not entirely r0, so from t0 to t i Record the first time point from front to back that the system needs to be turned on or off, denoted as t. 1.opt Calculate t 1.opt Start-up and shutdown schemes at specific times from t 1.opt To t i The continuity of time is as follows:

[0172] If t 1.opt The time-based start-up and shutdown optimization strategy is r 0+1 Then determine from t 1.opt To t i Does r0 or r exist at time 1? 0-1 As a start-up and shutdown optimization strategy, if any instance of this occurs, it is considered a risk of repeated start-ups and shutdowns and cannot be continued. 1.opt To t i The optimization strategy for each time step is r. 0+1 If the condition is met, it is determined that there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, and the operation can continue.

[0173] Similarly, if t1.opt The time-based start-up and shutdown optimization strategy is r 0-1 Then determine from t 1.opt To t i Does r0 or r exist at time 1? 0+1 As a start-up and shutdown optimization strategy, if any instance of this occurs, it is considered a risk of repeated start-ups and shutdowns and cannot be continued. 1.opt To t i The optimization strategy for each time step is r. 0+1 If the condition is met, it is determined that there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, and the operation can continue.

[0174] If t 1.opt Start-up and shutdown schemes at specific times from t 1.opt To t i If the operation cannot be sustained and there is a risk of repeated start-ups and shutdowns, then the current operating mode should be maintained, and the aforementioned start-up and shutdown alternatives should be updated based on water consumption.

[0175] If t 1.opt Start-up and shutdown schemes at specific times from t 1.opt To t i If the timeframe is extended, proceed directly to step 4.

[0176] In this embodiment of the disclosure, updating the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption includes:

[0177] Obtain the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period;

[0178] The start-up and shutdown alternatives are updated based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternatives within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternatives within the preset time period.

[0179] It should be noted that obtaining the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower units within the preset time period includes:

[0180] Obtain the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment within a preset time period, and the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period;

[0181] The load allocated to each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period is determined based on the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period.

[0182] Based on the load allocated to each unit at each time, the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit at each time is found in the water consumption curve;

[0183] The water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time is determined based on the load allocated to each unit at each time and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated at each time.

[0184] The total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is determined based on the water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time.

[0185] It should be noted that updating the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative schemes within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative schemes within the preset time period includes:

[0186] If the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

[0187] If the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, then the currently operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained.

[0188] If the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then one unit will be started as the startup / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

[0189] Specifically, obtain the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment under the head at time t0, take the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t0 as r0, and the alternative start-up scheme r at time t0. 0+1 Shutdown alternatives 0-1 Obtain the set of planned curves P plan .

[0190] Calculate the water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination r0 at time t0, as follows:

[0191] Take the set of planned curves P plan The planned active power value at time t0 is P 0.planAccording to the AGC load allocation logic of the power plant, calculate the specific load allocated to each unit under the condition of r0. Let the load allocated to unit x0 be P. 0.ass .

[0192] Take the load curve of unit x0 under the current head from the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment, and let P be the load allocated to unit x0. 0.ass Find the water consumption C corresponding to this load. 0.wtc .

[0193] Calculate the water consumption W of this unit at this load. 0.wat Specifically, the load value P 0.ass Multiply by the corresponding water consumption C 0.wtc :W 0.wat =C 0.wtc ×P 0.ass .

[0194] Calculate the water consumption of all units at time t0 and time r0.

[0195] Calculate the planned active power value as P 0.plan Under the condition that r0 units are operating, the total water consumption is the sum of the water consumption of each unit, specifically:

[0196] Planned curve set P plan And the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment under the water head at time t0, calculate t0 to t i The total water consumption W of the currently operating hydropower unit combination r0 at any given time. r0 Specifically, what is the sum of water consumption r0 at each moment?

[0197] Calculate the alternative startup schemes r respectively 0+1 Shutdown alternatives 0-1 Total water consumption W r0+i and W r0-1 .

[0198] coefficient W r0+1 W r0 W r0-1 Comparison:

[0199] If W r0-1 <W r0+1 And W r0-1 <W r0 Then choose r 0-1 As t0 to t i The alternative plan at any given time is the start-up and shutdown alternative plan corresponding to the optimal water consumption plan of shutting down one unit.

[0200] If W r0＜ Wr0+1 And W r0＜ W r0-1 Then choose r0 as the value between t0 and t0. i The alternative solutions at any given time are the start-up and shutdown alternatives corresponding to the current water consumption optimal solution.

[0201] If W r0+1 <W r0-1 And W r0+1＜ W r0 Then choose r 0+1 As t0 to t i The alternative plan at any time, that is, the start-up and shutdown alternative plan corresponding to the optimal water consumption plan of turning on 1 unit.

[0202] Among them, when t0 to t i The alternative at time r 0+1 or r 0-1 When t0 to t... i When the alternative solution at time r0 is to iterate through steps 1-4 until the difference between the iterations is less than or equal to the preset value.

[0203] Alternatively, obtain the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the power-on alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the power-off alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

[0204] The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

[0205] It should be noted that obtaining the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period includes:

[0206] Determine the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination based on the restricted and recommended operating zones of each operating hydropower unit within the current operating unit combination.

[0207] Based on the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination, determine the joint water consumption operation zone under the current operating combination, and select each effective water consumption interval from each joint water consumption operation zone. Then, based on each effective water consumption interval and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit in the current operating combination at each time, determine the water consumption of the current operating combination corresponding to each effective water consumption interval at each time.

[0208] The minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be selected from the water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment corresponding to each effective water consumption interval, and the minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be taken as the optimal water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment within a preset time period.

[0209] It should be noted that updating the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period includes:

[0210] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

[0211] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination is maintained.

[0212] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then one unit will be started as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

[0213] It should be noted that the current operating hydropower unit combination r0 is used to calculate the optimal combination within the range of minimum water consumption, as detailed below:

[0214] Obtain the different water consumption ranges of each unit under each load segment at the head at time t0. The different unit water consumption ranges are divided into e ranges according to the requirements. Obtain the current combination that does not need to be started or stopped, r0. Obtain the water consumption range of each unit under the head at time t0. If there is no water consumption range for all units, then enter the loop calculation, that is, loop calculation from step 1 to step 4 until the difference of the loop iteration is less than or equal to the preset value.

[0215] Based on different types, the water consumption ranges of each hydro-generator unit are defined as follows:

[0216] When the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the different units are divided into e water consumption zones, and the water consumption zone P of the i-th hydropower unit is... i.wco The calculation formula is as follows:

[0217]

[0218] In the formula, P i.w,wco0 For the vibration-free zone w, the first water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit, P i.w,wco1 For the vibration-free zone w, the second water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit, P i.w,wco2 For the vibration-free zone, the third water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit, P i.w,wcoe-1 For the vibration-free zone w, the e-th water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit, P i.mc1 P represents the maximum water consumption value in the first water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit. i.mc2 P represents the maximum water consumption value in the second water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit. i.mc3 This represents the maximum water consumption value in the third water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit;

[0219] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the different units are divided into e water consumption zones, and the water consumption zone P of the i-th hydropower unit is... i.wco The calculation formula is as follows:

[0220]

[0221] In the formula, P i.d,wcoe-1 For the single vibration zone d, the e-th water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit;

[0222] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration zone unit hydropower station, the different units are divided into e water consumption zones, and the water consumption zone P of the i-th hydropower unit is... i.wco The calculation formula is as follows:

[0223]

[0224] In the formula, P i.s,wcoe0-1 For the i-th hydropower unit in the first vibration zone within the dual vibration zone s, P is the e-th water consumption zone. i.s,wcoe-1 For the i-th hydropower unit in the second vibration zone within the dual vibration zone s, P is the e-th water consumption zone. i.mce0 It represents the maximum value of the first water consumption zone of the i-th hydropower unit in the second vibration zone within the double vibration zone s;

[0225] Take the current combination r0 that does not require start-up or shutdown, and calculate the combined water consumption zone based on the different combinations of units in different operating zones, as detailed below:

[0226] Assuming the current operating hydropower unit is operating within a certain water consumption range, that is, arbitrarily selecting a range from the current water consumption range of this unit, let it be...

[0227] The operating hydropower units with start-up and shutdown combinations r0 are respectively selected, and a water consumption range rand(P) is taken from each operating hydropower unit. i.wco), calculate its combined water consumption range. The lower limit of the combined water consumption range is the sum of the lower limits of a certain water consumption zone for each unit, and the upper limit of the combined water consumption range is the sum of the upper limits of a certain water consumption zone for each unit, that is: Therefore, there are a total of r0×e possible cases.

[0228] Take t0 for each joint water consumption operation zone P e0.r With the upper and lower limits P of the operating area 0.rng When running, and Then this water consumption range is the effective water consumption range.

[0229] The scheme with the lowest water consumption within the effective water consumption range is selected as the sole scheme, and its water consumption is the median value of active power within the water consumption range of each unit. Its water consumption range water consumption C r0.wtc product The scheme with the lowest water consumption is the optimal operating mode under the start-stop combination r0.

[0230] Calculate r for each unit. 0+1 Water consumption W r0+1.wat And stop 1 unit r 0-1 Water consumption W r0-1.wat .

[0231] Water consumption W r0+1.wat W r0.wat W r0-1.wat Comparison:

[0232] If W r0-1.wat <W r0+1.wat And W r0-1.wat <W r0.wat Then choose r 0-1 As an alternative solution at time t0, one machine is shut down at time t0.

[0233] If W r0.wat <W r0+1.wat And W r0.wat <W r0-1.wat If r0 is selected as the alternative at time t0, then the current method will be maintained at time t0.

[0234] If W r0+1.wat <W r0-1.wat And W r0+1.wat <W r0.wat Then choose r 0+i As an alternative solution at time t0, one machine is turned on at time t0.

[0235] Calculate t1 to t2 respectively i The water consumption W of the currently operating hydropower unit combination r0 r0.wat Turn on 1 machine0+1 Water intake W r0+1.wat Stop 1 machine 0-1 Water consumption W r0-1.wat and respectively from t0 to t i Always select the corresponding start-up and shutdown optimization combination r0, r 0+1 or r 0-1 .

[0236] It should be noted that if t0 to t i If the optimization scheme for starting and stopping at any time is r0, then from t0 to t i There is no need for start-up and shutdown optimization at any time; the currently operating hydropower unit combination r0 is kept in the loop calculation.

[0237] If t0 to t i The optimization scheme for starting and stopping at all times is not entirely r0, so from t0 to t i Record the first time point from front to back that the system needs to be turned on or off, denoted as t. 1.wpt Calculate t 1.wpt Start-up and shutdown schemes at specific times from t 1.wpt To t i The continuity of time is as follows:

[0238] If t 1.wpt The time-based start-up and shutdown optimization strategy is r 0+1 Then determine from t 1.wpt To t i Does r0 or r exist at time 1? 0-1 As a start-up and shutdown optimization strategy, if any instance of this occurs, it is considered a risk of repeated start-ups and shutdowns and cannot be continued. 1.wpt To t i The optimization strategy for each time step is r. 0+1 If the result is positive, it is determined that there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, and the process can continue, proceeding to step 4.

[0239] Similarly, if t 1.opt The time-based start-up and shutdown optimization strategy is r 0-1 Then determine from t 1.wpt To t i Does r0 or r exist at time 1? 0+1 As a start-up and shutdown optimization strategy, if any instance of this occurs, it is considered a risk of repeated start-ups and shutdowns and cannot be continued. 1.wpt To t i The optimization strategy for each time step is r. 0+1 If the result is positive, it is determined that there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, and the process can continue, proceeding to step 4.

[0240] If t 1.wpt Start-up and shutdown schemes at specific times from t 1.wpt To t i If the current operation cannot be extended and there is a risk of repeated start-ups and shutdowns, then the current operating mode should be maintained.

[0241] Step 4: Determine the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit. Then, automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station.

[0242] In this embodiment of the disclosure, determining the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit includes:

[0243] When the number of generating units participating in the start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme is 1, the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme shall be used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0244] When the number of generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes is greater than or equal to 2, the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control are sorted according to their start-up and shutdown priorities to obtain a priority sequence of the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control. The number of generating units corresponding to the first priority in the priority sequence is determined. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is 1, then the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first priority is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is greater than or equal to 2, then the generating units corresponding to the first priority are sorted according to their restricted operating time from smallest to largest to form a restricted operating time sequence, and the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first generating unit in the restricted operating time sequence is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0245] Furthermore, the automatic start-up and shutdown control of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station includes:

[0246] Step E1: Obtain the time t for each time control needs to be performed within the preset time period. sta and the time t for shutdown control stp Hydropower units participating in start-up and shutdown at various times, and preset start-up advance time t adv Power-on reminder countdown time t rem Start-up conditions for hydropower units that require participation in startup;

[0247] Step E2: For start-up control, determine whether the hydropower units that need to participate in start-up meet the start-up conditions. If they do, proceed to step E3. Otherwise, based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes, reselect and determine the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0248] For shutdown control, proceed to step E4;

[0249] Step E3: Determine the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time, and take the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time as the first start-up period. At the beginning of the first period before the start-up control time, trigger the start-up reminder and start the start-up countdown. Then, at the preset start-up advance time before the start-up control time, generate the start-up command to control the hydropower unit participating in the start-up to start automatically.

[0250] Wherein, when the time required for power-on control is the first time t0 within the preset duration, if |t rem -t0|<t adv If the time is right, a start-up command is immediately generated to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up to start automatically and to trigger an alarm.

[0251] If t adv ≤|t rem -t0| <t adv +t rem If the time is reached, a power-on reminder will be triggered immediately, and a power-on countdown will begin, with the duration being from the current time t0 to t... sta -t adv The duration of the moment is counted down, and after the countdown ends, t... sta -t adv A start-up command is generated at all times to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up process to start automatically.

[0252] Step E4: Determine the hydropower unit involved in the shutdown at t stp Check if the automatic downpass conditions are met at any given time. If the conditions are met, trigger the automatic downpass procedure. After the automatic downpass procedure is completed, repeatedly confirm the current shutdown plan from time t. stp If there is a need to start up at the last moment within the preset time period, then no shutdown command is generated; otherwise, a shutdown command is generated, and based on the shutdown command, the hydropower units participating in the shutdown are controlled to automatically shut down.

[0253] If the underpass conditions are not met, an alarm will be triggered, and the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station will be determined based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes.

[0254] It should be noted that the process of step 4 is described in detail below:

[0255] S4100) Get t0 to t i Alternative solution for always-on operation 0+1 and alternative shutdown plans 0-1 The startup and shutdown priorities of each unit, as well as the latest high water consumption zone time.

[0256] S4200) Selects based on the power-on alternative scheme r 0+1 The priority of units that are shut down and participate in automatic start / stop, and their latest restricted operating time zones. Details are as follows:

[0257] S4210) Select units that are shut down and participate in automatic start-up and shutdown with a priority of 1. Multiple units can have the same priority.

[0258] S4211) If only one unit has a priority of 1, then select the unit that needs to be operated as x. 0+ .

[0259] (S4212) If there are multiple units with a priority of 1, proceed to S4220 to screen the unit with the shortest restricted operating time.

[0260] (S4220) Based on S4212 and the latest restricted operating zone time, the unit with the shortest restricted operating zone time among priority 1 units is the unit x that needs to be started. 0+ If multiple machines have the same latest restricted operating time, then one of them can be selected as the unit x that needs to be started. 0+ .

[0261] (S4230) Enter S5000 to select the unit x that needs to be started. 0+ Perform a power-on condition check.

[0262] S4300) Selects based on shutdown alternatives r 0-1 The priority and latest restricted operating time of grid-connected generating units participating in automatic start-up and shutdown. Details are as follows:

[0263] S4310) Select the units that are powered on and participate in automatic start-up and shutdown with a priority of 1. Multiple units can have the same priority.

[0264] S4311) If only one unit has a priority of 1, then select the unit that needs to be shut down as x. 0- .

[0265] (S4312) If there are multiple units with a priority of 1, then proceed to S4220 to screen the unit with the longest restricted operating time.

[0266] (S4320) Based on S4312 and the latest restricted operating zone time, the unit with the longest restricted operating zone time among priority 1 units is the unit x that needs to be shut down. 0- If multiple units have the same latest restricted operating zone time, then one of them can be selected as the unit x that needs to be shut down. 0- .

[0267] (S4230) Enter S5000 to select the unit x that needs to be shut down.0- Perform shutdown condition determination.

[0268] Based on the unique requirement for starting and stopping, the S5000 determines the conditions for starting and stopping, and issues a start / stop reminder or start / stop order.

[0269] S5100) obtains the time required for the start-up and shutdown operations, and S4000 specifies the unit x that needs to be started. 0+ and the unit that needs to be shut down 0- Obtain the manually set boot advance time t adv Power-on reminder countdown time t rem Obtain the unit x that needs to be started. 0+ The startup conditions.

[0270] S5200) Determine x 0+ If the power-on conditions are met, proceed to step S5210 to determine the power-on time. If not, repeat step S4000 to select a new unit x that needs to be powered on. 0+ If no unit can be started, an alarm will be triggered and the automatic start-up and shutdown procedure will be exited.

[0271] S5210) Obtain the time when the operation to start or stop the machine is required;

[0272] S5221) Based on the power plant's designed start-up advance time t adv And the countdown timer for power-on reminder t rem , in t sta front t adv +t rem A power-on reminder will be triggered at any time, and a power-on countdown will start. The countdown duration is t. rem After the countdown ends, at t sta front t adv x is emitted at all times 0+ The power-on command.

[0273] S5222) If changes occur due to factors such as the planned curve or the frequency modulation capacity, the distance from the current time t0 to t is calculated. sta The duration is less than t adv +t rem , but greater than t adv That is, t adv <|t rem -t0|<t adv +t rem If the countdown time exceeds the power-on / off advance time but is not complete, a power-on reminder will be triggered immediately and a power-on countdown will begin, with the countdown timed from the current time t0 to t... sta -t adv The duration of the moment is counted down, and after the countdown ends, t... sta-t adv x is emitted at all times 0+ The power-on command.

[0274] S5223) Due to changes in the planned curve, frequency modulation capacity, etc., the distance from the current time t0 to t is calculated. sta The duration is greater than t adv That is, |t rem -t0|<t adv t was calculated a To t x The power-on command is triggered at any time; that is, if the power-on time is less than the power-on / shutdown advance time, an x ​​command is immediately issued. 0+ The power-on command was issued, and an alarm was triggered.

[0275] After the S5230 start-up command is triggered, if the start-up and grid connection are normal, the process will proceed to S5240 to determine the automatic over-grid procedure for the generator unit.

[0276] If the startup order fails and the startup process exits after the startup order is triggered (S5231), an alarm will be triggered and the startup order will be triggered again. If the startup process continues, the alarm will be reset and the startup will continue until the startup and grid connection are normal. Then, the process will enter S5240 to judge the automatic over-grid procedure of the unit.

[0277] If the startup command (S5232) cycles twice and the startup process still exits, an alarm is triggered, the automatic startup and shutdown of the unit is terminated, and all steps are recalculated to calculate the standby replacement unit (x). 0+ It will immediately issue a power-on command and trigger an alarm. If there is no backup unit, it will trigger an alarm and deactivate the automatic start / stop function.

[0278] After the S5240 unit is successfully connected to the grid, activate the individual unit's active power PID control and reactive power PID control functions, activate the individual unit's AGC and AVC, and maintain the active power setting at P. bass The reactive power is set to Q. bass It then determines whether the active and reactive power conditions meet the automatic overpass conditions, and if the conditions are met, it triggers the automatic overpass procedure.

[0279] S5300) obtains the time t when the shutdown operation is required. stp .

[0280] S5310) in t stp Determine x at any time 0- If the conditions for automatic underpass are met, the automatic underpass procedure should be triggered.

[0281] After the automatic descent procedure of S5320 is completed, r is recalculated. 0-1 From t stp To t iIs it necessary to power on at any given time? If it is necessary, then maintain the active power setpoint at P. bass The reactive power setting value is Q. bass x is not triggered 0- The shutdown order. Calculate r. 0-1 From t stp To t i There is no need to turn on the machine at any given time; therefore, the actual active power output is determined to be less than or equal to P. bass The actual reactive power output is less than or equal to Q. bass Then x will be triggered 0- The shutdown order, of which t i The time is the last moment within the preset duration.

[0282] If the shutdown procedure fails when the unit executes the shutdown order (S5330), an alarm will be triggered and the shutdown procedure will be stopped.

[0283] The hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control method based on water consumption proposed in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0284] 1. This invention employs an algorithm based on the clearing of the spot market and the frequency regulation and reserve markets to calculate the necessity of start-up and shutdown. It is applicable to all hydropower plants that start and shut down according to planned curves. Furthermore, it can be combined with real-time clearing of the ancillary service market for start-up and shutdown combination analysis. Especially when the spot market is about to be operational and the active power planned curve changes constantly with system demand, it can reduce the workload of shift workers, minimize the risk of misoperation or omission, and further ensure the safe operation of the power grid. 2. This invention also employs an algorithm based on the restricted operating time of each unit to calculate the priority combination of start-up and shutdown with the shortest restricted operating time. It is applicable to all hydropower plants with restricted operating areas. Under the premise of satisfying the active power planned curve and ancillary service market clearing, this algorithm can minimize the restricted operating time of units while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid, ensuring that units operate within their optimal operating areas as much as possible, reducing unit damage caused by excessively long restricted operating time, indirectly reducing unit maintenance work, and extending unit service life. 3. This invention calculates the optimal start-up and shutdown combination with the lowest water consumption based on the water consumption rate of each unit under different load conditions. It is applicable to all water plants that operate according to planned curves, especially units with significant differences in water consumption under different heads. This algorithm can calculate the specific water consumption of different start-up and shutdown combinations under the same active power output while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid, and automatically perform start-up and shutdown operations to achieve maximum power generation with minimum water consumption. In summary, this embodiment proposes a water consumption-based start-up and shutdown control method for hydropower station units that, while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid, achieves maximum power generation with minimum water consumption and extends the lifespan of the units.

[0285] Example 2

[0286] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a water consumption-based hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control system according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes:

[0287] The first determining module 100 is used to determine the restricted operating area and suggested operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination based on the single unit joint operating area of ​​each unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination when the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the combination of hydropower units in the current operating hydropower unit combination meet the corresponding first joint operating area at each time within a preset time period.

[0288] The second determining module 200 is used to determine the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period based on the restricted operating area and suggested operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination.

[0289] The judgment module 300 is used to determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period are all the combinations of the currently operating hydropower units. If so, the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on water consumption, and then the process proceeds to the third determination module.

[0290] Otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the start-up or shutdown alternatives from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time to the last time within the preset time. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption and then proceed to step 4. If there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to the third determination module.

[0291] The third determining module 400 is used to determine the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit.

[0292] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the second determining module 200 is further configured to:

[0293] Based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination, determine the second joint operating area corresponding to each preset number of operating hydropower units when they are in the restricted operating area;

[0294] Wherein, when the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0295]

[0296] In the formula, P a0.rP is the second combined operating zone corresponding to the condition that a0 operating hydropower units within the current operating unit combination are in the restricted operating zone. i.base For the baseload data of the i-th generating unit after grid connection, P i.limh P represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in either the vibration-free zone or the single-vibration zone. i.max Let r0 be the upper limit of the output of the i-th unit, and r0 be the total number of operating hydropower units in the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0297] When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0298]

[0299] In the formula, P i.vib This represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the i-th unit;

[0300] When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows:

[0301]

[0302] In the formula, P i.lim2l P represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone. i.lim2h This represents the minimum recommended operating range value for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone.

[0303] Determine the common operating area of ​​the second joint operating area corresponding to the adjustable output upper and lower limits at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination and each preset number of operating hydropower units in the restricted operating area, and obtain the common operating area of ​​each preset number of operating hydropower units in the restricted operating area at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination.

[0304] The first restricted operation coefficient is determined based on the common operating area of ​​the preset number of operating hydropower units within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination when they are in the restricted operation area.

[0305] Determine the second restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is running under the current operating hydropower unit combination, and the third restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is shut down;

[0306] The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes for each moment within the preset time period are determined based on the first restricted operation coefficient, the second restricted operation coefficient, and the third restricted operation coefficient.

[0307] The step of determining the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes for each moment within the preset time period based on the first restricted operation coefficient, the second restricted operation coefficient, and the third restricted operation coefficient includes:

[0308] If the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t.

[0309] If the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained.

[0310] If the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t and the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then starting one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t.

[0311] Where t∈[1,...,T], and T is the total number of moments within the preset duration.

[0312] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the determination module 300 is further configured to:

[0313] Obtain the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period;

[0314] The start-up and shutdown alternatives are updated based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternatives within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternatives within the preset time period.

[0315] Alternatively, obtain the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the power-on alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the power-off alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

[0316] The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

[0317] Furthermore, the judgment module 300 is also used for:

[0318] Obtain the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment within a preset time period, and the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period;

[0319] The load allocated to each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period is determined based on the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period.

[0320] Based on the load allocated to each unit at each time, the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit at each time is found in the water consumption curve;

[0321] The water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time is determined based on the load allocated to each unit at each time and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated at each time.

[0322] The total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is determined based on the water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time.

[0323] Furthermore, the judgment module 300 is also used for:

[0324] If the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

[0325] If the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, then the currently operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained.

[0326] If the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then one unit will be started as the startup / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

[0327] Furthermore, the judgment module 300 is also used for:

[0328] Determine the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination based on the restricted and recommended operating zones of each operating hydropower unit within the current operating unit combination.

[0329] Based on the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination, determine the joint water consumption operation zone under the current operating combination, and select each effective water consumption interval from each joint water consumption operation zone. Then, based on each effective water consumption interval and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit in the current operating combination at each time, determine the water consumption of the current operating combination corresponding to each effective water consumption interval at each time.

[0330] The minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be selected from the water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment corresponding to each effective water consumption interval, and the minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be taken as the optimal water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment within a preset time period.

[0331] Furthermore, the judgment module 300 is also used for:

[0332] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

[0333] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination is maintained.

[0334] If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then one unit will be started as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

[0335] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third determining module 400 is further configured to:

[0336] When the number of generating units participating in the start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme is 1, the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme shall be used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0337] When the number of generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes is greater than or equal to 2, the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control are sorted according to their start-up and shutdown priorities to obtain a priority sequence of the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control. The number of generating units corresponding to the first priority in the priority sequence is determined. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is 1, then the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first priority is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is greater than or equal to 2, then the generating units corresponding to the first priority are sorted according to their restricted operating time from smallest to largest to form a restricted operating time sequence, and the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first generating unit in the restricted operating time sequence is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0338] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third determining module 400 is further configured to:

[0339] Step R1: Obtain the time t for each time control needs to be performed within the preset time period. sta and the time t for shutdown control stp Hydropower units participating in start-up and shutdown at various times, and preset start-up advance time t adv Power-on reminder countdown time t rem Start-up conditions for hydropower units that require participation in startup;

[0340] Step R2: For start-up control, determine whether the hydropower units that need to participate in start-up meet the start-up conditions. If they do, proceed to step R3. Otherwise, based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes, reselect and determine the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

[0341] For shutdown control, proceed to step R4;

[0342] Step R3: Determine the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time, and take the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time as the first start-up period. At the beginning of the first period before the start-up control time, trigger the start-up reminder and start the start-up countdown. Then, at the preset start-up advance time before the start-up control time, generate a start-up command to control the hydropower unit participating in the start-up to start automatically.

[0343] Wherein, when the time required for power-on control is the first time t0 within the preset duration, if |t rem -t0|<t adv If the time is right, a start-up command is immediately generated to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up to start automatically and to trigger an alarm.

[0344] If t adv ≤|trem -t0| <t adv +t rem If the time is reached, a power-on reminder will be triggered immediately, and a power-on countdown will begin, with the duration being from the current time t0 to t... sta -t adv The duration of the moment is counted down, and after the countdown ends, t... sta -t adv A start-up command is generated at all times to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up process to start automatically.

[0345] Step R4: Determine the hydropower unit involved in the shutdown at t stp Check if the automatic downpass conditions are met at any given time. If the conditions are met, trigger the automatic downpass procedure. After the automatic downpass procedure is completed, repeatedly confirm the current shutdown plan from time t. stp If there is a need to start up at the last moment within the preset time period, then no shutdown command is generated; otherwise, a shutdown command is generated, and based on the shutdown command, the hydropower units participating in the shutdown are controlled to automatically shut down.

[0346] If the underpass conditions are not met, an alarm will be triggered, and the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station will be determined based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes.

[0347] In summary, the water consumption-based hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control system proposed in this embodiment achieves maximum power generation with minimal water consumption and extends unit lifespan while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid.

[0348] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0349] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0350] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the start-up and shutdown of hydropower station units based on water consumption, characterized in that, The method includes: Step 1: When the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the currently operating hydropower unit combination of the hydropower station meet the corresponding first joint operation area at each time within the preset time period, the restricted operation area and recommended operation area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination are determined based on the joint operation area of ​​each unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination. Step 2: Determine the start-up and shutdown alternatives for each time period within the preset duration based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination; Step 3: Determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period are all the combinations of the currently operating hydropower units. If so, update the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on water consumption, and then proceed to Step 4. Otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the start-up or shutdown alternatives from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time to the last time within the preset time. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption and then proceed to step 4. If there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to step 4. Step 4: Determine the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit. Then, automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the start-up and shutdown alternatives for each time period within the preset time frame based on the restricted operating zones and recommended operating zones of each operating hydropower unit within the currently operating hydropower unit combination includes: Based on the restricted operating area and recommended operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination, determine the second joint operating area corresponding to each preset number of operating hydropower units when they are in the restricted operating area; Determine the common operating area of ​​the second joint operating area corresponding to the adjustable output upper and lower limits at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination and each preset number of operating hydropower units in the restricted operating area, and obtain the common operating area of ​​each preset number of operating hydropower units in the restricted operating area at each moment within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination. The first restricted operation coefficient is determined based on the common operating area of ​​the preset number of operating hydropower units within the preset time period under the current operating hydropower unit combination when they are in the restricted operation area. Determine the second restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is running under the current operating hydropower unit combination, and the third restricted operating coefficient for each moment within the preset time period when one unit is shut down; The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes for each moment within the preset time period are determined based on the first restricted operation coefficient, the second restricted operation coefficient, and the third restricted operation coefficient.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the hydropower station is a vibration-free unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows: In the formula, The currently operating hydropower unit combination has The second joint operation zone corresponding to the operation of each hydropower unit in the restricted operation zone. This represents the baseload data after the i-th generating unit is connected to the grid. This represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in either the vibration-free zone or the single-vibration zone. This represents the upper limit of the output of the i-th generating unit. This represents the total number of operating hydropower units within the current operating hydropower unit combination. When the hydropower station is a single-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows: In the formula, This represents the upper limit data of the vibration zone for the i-th unit; When the hydropower station is a dual-vibration-zone unit hydropower station, the calculation formula for the second joint operation zone corresponding to the preset number of operating hydropower units being in the restricted operation zone is as follows: In the formula, This represents the maximum value of the restricted operating range for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone. This represents the minimum recommended operating range value for the i-th unit in the dual vibration zone.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes for each moment within the preset time period based on the first restricted operation coefficient, the second restricted operation coefficient, and the third restricted operation coefficient includes: If the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the third limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t. If the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the second limiting operating coefficient at time t and the first limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained. If the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the third limiting operating coefficient at time t and the second limiting operating coefficient at time t is less than the first limiting operating coefficient at time t, then starting one unit will be used as the alternative start-up and shutdown plan at time t. in, , This represents the total number of moments within the preset duration.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The method of updating the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption includes: Obtain the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period; The start-up and shutdown alternatives are updated based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternatives within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternatives within the preset time period. Alternatively, obtain the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the power-on alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the power-off alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period. The start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period includes: Obtain the water consumption curves of each unit at each load segment within a preset time period, and the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period; The load allocated to each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period is determined based on the active power plan curve of the hydropower station within the preset time period. Based on the load allocated to each unit at each time, the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit at each time is found in the water consumption curve; The water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time is determined based on the load allocated to each unit at each time and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated at each time. The total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is determined based on the water consumption of each unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each time. The step of updating the start-up and shutdown alternative plans based on the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, the total water consumption of the start-up alternative plans within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative plans within the preset time period includes: If the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative scheme at time t. If the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, then the currently operating hydropower unit combination shall be maintained. If the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme within the preset time period, and the total water consumption of the startup alternative scheme within the preset time period is less than the total water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination within the preset time period, then one unit will be started as the startup / shutdown alternative scheme at time t.

7. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the optimal water consumption of the current power-on combination at each moment within a preset time period includes: Determine the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination based on the restricted and recommended operating zones of each operating hydropower unit within the current operating unit combination. Based on the water consumption zones of each unit under the current operating combination, determine the joint water consumption operation zone under the current operating combination, and select each effective water consumption interval from each joint water consumption operation zone. Then, based on each effective water consumption interval and the water consumption value corresponding to the load allocated to each unit in the current operating combination at each time, determine the water consumption of the current operating combination corresponding to each effective water consumption interval at each time. The minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be selected from the water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment corresponding to each effective water consumption interval, and the minimum water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment will be taken as the optimal water consumption of the current operating combination at each time moment within a preset time period. The step of updating the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes based on the optimal water consumption of the currently operating hydropower unit combination at each moment within the preset time period, the optimal water consumption of the start-up alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period, and the optimal water consumption of the shutdown alternative scheme at each moment within the preset time period includes: If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then shutting down one unit will be used as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t. If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the current operating hydropower unit combination at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, then the current operating hydropower unit combination is maintained. If the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the shutdown alternative at time t, and the optimal water consumption corresponding to the start-up alternative at time t is less than the optimal water consumption corresponding to the currently operating hydropower unit combination at time t, then one unit will be started as the start-up / shutdown alternative at time t.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit includes: When the number of generating units participating in the start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme is 1, the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme shall be used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. When the number of generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes is greater than or equal to 2, the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control are sorted according to their start-up and shutdown priorities to obtain a priority sequence of the generating units participating in start-up and shutdown control. The number of generating units corresponding to the first priority in the priority sequence is determined. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is 1, then the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first priority is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. If the number of generating units corresponding to the first priority is greater than or equal to 2, then the generating units corresponding to the first priority are sorted according to their restricted operating time from smallest to largest to form a restricted operating time sequence, and the alternative start-up and shutdown scheme corresponding to the first generating unit in the restricted operating time sequence is used as the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The automatic start-up and shutdown control of the hydropower units based on the start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station includes: Step E1: Obtain the times when power-on control needs to be performed within the preset time period. and the timing of shutdown control Hydropower units that participate in start-up and shutdown at various times, and preset start-up advance times. Power-on reminder countdown time Start-up conditions for hydropower units that require participation in startup; Step E2: For start-up control, determine whether the hydropower units that need to participate in start-up meet the start-up conditions. If they do, proceed to step E3. Otherwise, based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes, reselect and determine the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station. For shutdown control, proceed to step E4; Step E3: Determine the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time, and take the sum of the preset start-up advance time and the start-up reminder countdown time as the first start-up period. At the beginning of the first period before the start-up control time, trigger the start-up reminder and start the start-up countdown. Then, at the preset start-up advance time before the start-up control time, generate the start-up command to control the hydropower unit participating in the start-up to start automatically. Specifically, the time when power-on control is required is the first moment within the preset time period. At that time, if If the time is right, a start-up command is immediately generated to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up to start automatically and to trigger an alarm. like If the time is reached, a power-on reminder will be immediately triggered and a power-on countdown will begin, with the current time set according to the duration. to The duration of the moment is counted down, and after the countdown ends... The system generates start-up commands at all times to control the hydropower units involved in the start-up process to start up automatically. Step E4: Determine if the hydroelectric generator units involved in the shutdown are... The system checks whether the automatic downpass conditions are met at any given time. If the conditions are met, the automatic downpass procedure is triggered. After the automatic downpass procedure is completed, the current shutdown plan is re-evaluated. If there is a need to start up at the last moment within the preset time period, then no shutdown command is generated; otherwise, a shutdown command is generated, and based on the shutdown command, the hydropower units participating in the shutdown are controlled to automatically shut down. If the underpass conditions are not met, an alarm will be triggered, and the automatic start-up and shutdown scheme of the hydropower station will be determined based on the limited operating time of each unit and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit in the alternative start-up and shutdown schemes.

10. A hydropower station unit start-up and shutdown control system based on water consumption, characterized in that, The system includes: The first determining module is used to determine the restricted operating area and suggested operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination based on the single unit joint operating area of ​​each unit in the current operating hydropower unit combination when the adjustable output upper and lower limits of the combination meet the corresponding first joint operating area at each time within a preset time period. The second determining module is used to determine the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period based on the restricted operating area and suggested operating area of ​​each operating hydropower unit in the currently operating hydropower unit combination. The judgment module is used to determine whether the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes at each time within the preset time period are all the combinations of the currently operating hydropower units. If so, the start-up and shutdown alternative schemes are updated based on water consumption, and then the process proceeds to the third determination module. Otherwise, determine whether there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown among the start-up or shutdown alternatives from the first start-up or shutdown time within the preset time to the last time within the preset time. If there is a risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, update the start-up and shutdown alternatives based on water consumption and then proceed to the third determination module. If there is no risk of repeated start-up and shutdown, proceed directly to the third determination module. The third determining module is used to determine the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station based on the alternative start-up and shutdown plans of the hydropower station, the limited operating time of each unit, and the start-up and shutdown priority of each unit, and then to automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the hydropower units of the hydropower station based on the start-up and shutdown plan of the hydropower station.

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