Method for collecting tool wear image using mirror and device thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a method and apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using reflectors, relating to the field of machining tool inspection technology. It comprises a detection mechanism and an image capturing mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a rectangular reflector and a circular reflector. The image capturing mechanism includes a CCD lens and a CCD camera. The camera lifting plate moves up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism. A viewing window is provided on one side of the housing facing the CCD lens. A guide mirror is fixedly installed on one side of the viewing window. An anti-ghosting arc plate is installed around the housing with an inner hole. This invention is applicable to various types of rotating tools and can perform tool wear detection without disassembling the tool. By setting multiple rectangular and circular reflectors within the housing, complete images of each area of ​​the tool's side and bottom edges can be acquired, improving detection efficiency while reducing machining accuracy defects caused by tool disassembly, and providing a more comprehensive tool inspection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining tool inspection technology, specifically a method and apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector. Background Technology

[0002] During machining, tool wear leads to dulling of the cutting edge, which significantly impacts the surface quality and machining efficiency of the parts. With the continuous development of modern manufacturing, the technical requirements for tool condition detection are becoming increasingly stringent. Since machining is a non-linear process, tool wear is greatly affected by environmental quality and tool materials, making indirect detection difficult. Therefore, direct measurement methods are often used, among which machine vision technology has received widespread attention due to its high detection accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] To address this, the prior art application number "CN202310697098.X" discloses a "vision-based method for detecting the flank wear of an end mill and its image acquisition device," which uses a vision camera to detect tool wear. However, this device requires the tool to be removed during acquisition, and the complex mechanical installation and debugging process can easily affect subsequent tool installation and machining accuracy. In addition, the prior art application number "CN201710223766.X" discloses a "fully automatic method and device for detecting the wear of the cutting edge of a forming milling cutter." Although this device can detect the tool, it is only used to acquire images of the side edge wear of the tool, and it is difficult to acquire images of the bottom edge wear.

[0004] In summary, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, which can overcome the shortcomings of existing visual inspection mechanisms and perform comprehensive inspection of all positions of a tool without disassembling the tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for acquiring images of tool wear using a reflector, comprising a detection mechanism and an image capturing mechanism;

[0008] The detection mechanism includes a rectangular reflector and a circular reflector;

[0009] The rectangular reflectors are arranged in three sets, each corresponding to the other and mounted on the mirror stage in a fixed-axis rotational manner. The mirror stage is slidably positioned within a sliding groove, which is located at the bottom of the housing and arranged in a circular array along the bottom axis of the housing. The housing is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top. A cover is detachably mounted at the top opening of the housing, and the cover has an inner hole for a cutting tool to enter. The end of the rectangular reflector away from the mirror stage passes through a guide groove in the cover and is fixedly connected to a spherical adjustment handle. The rotation angle of the rectangular reflector within the housing is adjusted by rotating the spherical adjustment handle. Driven by the sliding mechanism, the mirror stage moves the rectangular reflector to reciprocate along the length of the sliding groove.

[0010] The circular reflector is movably mounted at the center of the bottom of the housing via a rotating shaft, and the circular reflector rotates around the rotating shaft in the direction of the rectangular reflector.

[0011] The image capturing mechanism includes a CCD lens and a CCD camera. The CCD lens is detachably mounted on the CCD camera, and the CCD camera is fixedly mounted on the camera lifting plate. The camera lifting plate moves up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism. A viewing window is opened on the housing facing one side of the CCD lens, and a guide mirror is fixedly mounted on one side of the viewing window. The CCD lens faces the guide mirror vertically.

[0012] The shell has an inner hole around which an anti-ghosting arc plate is installed. The shell cover has an annular groove for the anti-ghosting arc plate to be inserted. The anti-ghosting arc plate moves in a ring around the axis of the inner hole to block non-target areas.

[0013] The bottom of the housing is also provided with a pair of guide grooves, both of which point to the axial direction of the housing. A first light-shielding plate and a second light-shielding plate are respectively installed in the guide grooves. The first light-shielding plate and the second light-shielding plate pass through the side wall of the housing and extend outward.

[0014] Preferably, the translation and sliding mechanism that drives several lens stages to slide and translate includes a ball screw mechanism, a coupling, and a translation motor. The nut of the ball screw mechanism is fixedly connected to the lens stage, and one end of the ball screw mechanism extends outward from the housing and is fixedly connected to the translation motor through the coupling. The reciprocating rotation of the translation motor drives the nut and the lens stage to slide and translate within the sliding groove.

[0015] Preferably, a graduated dial is fitted on one side of the upper end of the housing cover for several of the rectangular reflectors. The spherical adjustment handle is fitted with the dial and can rotate within the axial hole of the dial. The dial slides on the dial guide bar installed on the housing cover. The dial guide bar is arranged parallel to the guide rail groove. A pointer is fixedly installed at the bottom of the spherical adjustment handle to indicate the rotation angle of the spherical adjustment handle and the rectangular reflectors.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting mechanism that drives the camera lifting plate to move up and down includes a lifting motor, a sliding rod, and a lead screw. The lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the top plate, and the drive shaft of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw. The camera lifting plate has an internal thread that mates with the lead screw, and the camera lifting plate also has a sliding rod hole that mates with the sliding rod. The ends of the sliding rod and the lead screw away from the top plate are connected to the bottom plate. The camera lifting plate is driven to move up and down by the rotation of the lifting motor.

[0017] Preferably, when viewed from above, the three sets of rectangular reflectors are arranged clockwise from the viewing window as a second rectangular reflector, a first rectangular reflector, and a third rectangular reflector. The rotating shaft at the bottom of the circular reflector allows it to rotate to face or turn away from the third rectangular reflector.

[0018] Preferably, a first light source and a second light source are respectively installed on the frame of the three sets of rectangular and circular reflectors, and each of the three sets of first and second light sources is provided with an independent switch for controlling their opening and closing.

[0019] Preferably, the rectangular reflector and the circular reflector respectively capture images of the side edge and the bottom edge of the tool. The side edge includes a first target area, a second target area and a third target area, each of which occupies one-third of the circumference of the side edge. The third target area is divided into a first part, a second part and a third part.

[0020] A method for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, employing the aforementioned apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Clean the cutting tool using the cleaning function of the machine tool, then install the detection mechanism and image capturing mechanism to the predetermined position on the machine tool, and operate the machine tool to make the center of the cutting tool reach directly above the center of the predetermined position, thereby aligning with the inner hole of the upper cover of the detection mechanism.

[0022] Step 2: Rotate the circular reflector to face the third rectangular reflector, and move the cutter down above the circular reflector so that the side edge of the cutter is fully inside the housing. According to the size of the cutter, use the translation motor to drive the ball screw mechanism to move the third rectangular reflector, and push the first and second light-shielding plates into the housing. Rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate to face the third rectangular reflector. Turn off the first light source and turn on the second light source. Adjust the position of the image capturing mechanism and slowly rotate the ball adjustment handle to adjust the turning angle of the third rectangular reflector so that the image of the cutter is fully presented on the guide mirror. Take the picture after the image of the bottom edge of the cutter is clear.

[0023] Step 3: Turn off the second light source, rotate the circular reflector to face away from the third rectangular reflector, control the position of the third rectangular reflector according to the tool size, rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate to face the first or second rectangular reflector, push the second light shield along the guide rail groove inside the housing, turn on only the first light source of the third rectangular reflector, adjust the position of the image capturing mechanism, slowly rotate the ball adjustment handle to adjust the turning angle of the third rectangular reflector, so that the tool image is completely presented on the guide rail mirror, and after the image is clear, perform image acquisition of the first target area of ​​the tool side edge;

[0024] Step 4: Pull the second light shield out of the housing, rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate to face the third rectangular reflector, push the first light shield into the housing along the guide groove inside the housing, turn on the first light source of the first rectangular reflector and turn off the other light sources, slowly rotate the spherical adjustment handles of the third rectangular reflector and the second rectangular reflector so that the tool image is completely presented on the guide mirror, and after the image is clear, perform image acquisition of the second target area of ​​the tool side edge;

[0025] Step 5: Pull the first and second light-shielding plates out of the housing along their respective guide grooves. Rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate between the first and second rectangular reflectors. Turn on the first light source of the second rectangular reflector and turn off the other light sources. Slowly rotate the spherical adjustment handles of each rectangular reflector to make the tool image appear completely on the guide mirror. After the image is clear, acquire the first part of the image of the third target area of ​​the tool side edge.

[0026] Step Six: Repeat Step Five twice to complete the image acquisition of the remaining parts of the third target area.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The detection device of the present invention is applicable to various types of rotary cutting tools and can perform tool wear detection without disassembling the tool, thereby improving detection efficiency and reducing problems such as poor machining accuracy caused by tool disassembly.

[0029] 2. By setting up multiple rectangular and circular reflectors inside the housing, this invention can acquire complete images of each area of ​​the side and bottom edges of the tool, and can also acquire images along the spiral line of the side edge, making the detection of the tool more comprehensive.

[0030] This invention is applicable to various types of rotary cutting tools and can perform tool wear detection without disassembling the tool. By setting multiple rectangular and circular reflectors inside the housing, complete images of each area of ​​the tool's side and bottom cutting edges can be obtained, improving detection efficiency while reducing machining accuracy defects caused by tool disassembly, and providing a more comprehensive tool inspection. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shell and cover connection and a partially enlarged structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular reflector connection structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Rectangular reflector; 2. Circular reflector; 3. Mirror stage; 4. Sliding groove; 5. Housing; 6. Housing cover; 7. Cutting tool; 8. Inner hole; 9. Guide rail groove; 10. Spherical adjustment handle; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. CCD lens; 13. CCD camera; 14. Camera lifting plate; 15. Viewing window; 16. Guide rail mirror; 17. Anti-ghosting arc plate; 18. Annular groove; 19. Guide groove; 20. First light shield; 21. Second light shield; 22. Ball screw mechanism; 23. Coupling; 24. Translation motor. 25. Finger plate, 26. Finger plate guide bar, 27. Pointer, 28. Lifting motor, 29. Slide bar column, 30. Lead screw column, 31. Top plate, 32. Bottom plate, 33. First strip with light source, 34. Second strip with light source, 35. First target area, 36. Second target area, 37. First part of third target area, 38. Second part of third target area, 39. Third part of third target area, 40. First rectangular reflector, 41. Second rectangular reflector, 42. Third rectangular reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] A device for acquiring images of tool wear using a reflector, comprising a detection mechanism and an image capturing mechanism;

[0041] The testing mechanism includes a rectangular reflector 1 and a circular reflector 2;

[0042] Three sets of rectangular reflectors 1 are provided. The three sets of rectangular reflectors 1 are one-to-one and are mounted on the mirror stage 3 in a fixed-axis rotational manner. The mirror stage 3 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 4. The sliding groove 4 is opened at the bottom of the housing 5 and is arranged in a ring array along the bottom axis of the housing 5. The housing 5 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top. A cover 6 is detachably installed at the upper opening of the housing 5. The cover 6 has an inner hole 8 for the tool 7 to enter. The end of the rectangular reflector 1 away from the mirror stage 3 passes through the guide groove 9 opened in the cover 6 and is fixedly connected to the ball adjustment handle 10. The rotation angle of the rectangular reflector 1 in the housing 5 is adjusted by rotating the ball adjustment handle 10. The mirror stage 3 drives the rectangular reflector 1 to reciprocate and slide along the length of the sliding groove 4 under the drive of the translation and sliding mechanism.

[0043] The circular reflector 2 is movably mounted at the center of the bottom of the housing 5 via a rotating shaft 11, and the circular reflector 2 rotates around the rotating shaft 11 in the direction facing the rectangular reflector 1.

[0044] The image capturing mechanism includes a CCD lens 12 and a CCD camera 13. The CCD lens 12 is detachably mounted on the CCD camera 13. The CCD camera 13 is fixedly mounted on the camera lifting plate 14. The camera lifting plate 14 moves up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism. A viewing window 15 is opened on the housing 5 facing one side of the CCD lens 12. A guide mirror 16 is fixedly mounted on one side of the viewing window 15. The CCD lens 12 faces the guide mirror 16 vertically.

[0045] An anti-ghosting arc plate 17 is installed around an inner hole 8 inside the housing 5. An annular groove 18 is provided on the housing cover 6 for the anti-ghosting arc plate 17 to be inserted. The anti-ghosting arc plate 17 moves in a ring around the axis of the inner hole 8 to block non-target areas.

[0046] The bottom of the housing 5 is also provided with a pair of guide grooves 19, both of which point to the axial direction of the housing 5. A first light-shielding plate 20 and a second light-shielding plate 21 are respectively installed in the guide grooves 19. The first light-shielding plate 20 and the second light-shielding plate 21 pass through the side wall of the housing 5 and extend outward.

[0047] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism is used to install the cutting tool 7 and control the positions of the rectangular reflector 1 and the circular reflector 15. The image capturing mechanism is located outside the detection mechanism and is used to capture images of the wear area of ​​the cutting tool 7. The rectangular reflector 1 rotates around the mirror stage 18, and the mirror stage 18 translates within the sliding groove 4 to adjust the position of the rectangular reflector 1 within the housing 5. The image capturing mechanism mainly includes a CCD lens 12 and a CCD camera 13. The CCD lens 12 and the CCD camera 13 move up and down and translate along with the camera lifting plate 14. The CCD lens 12 is perpendicular to the plane of the guide mirror 16 and detects damage to the side and bottom edges of the internal cutting tool 7 by refracting light on the guide mirror 16. An anti-ghosting arc plate 17 is also installed inside the housing 5. It moves in a ring around the axis of the inner hole 8 to block non-target areas. A first light-shielding plate 20 and a second light-shielding plate 21 are also installed inside the housing 5 to achieve light-shielding operation, thereby ensuring that light from each position can be smoothly refracted onto the CCD camera 13.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] The translation and sliding mechanism that drives several lens stages 3 to slide and translate includes a ball screw mechanism 22, a coupling 23, and a translation motor 24. The nut of the ball screw mechanism 22 is fixedly connected to the lens stage 3. One end of the ball screw mechanism 22 extends outward from the housing 5 and is fixedly connected to the translation motor 24 through the coupling 23. The reciprocating rotation of the translation motor 24 drives the nut and the lens stage 3 to slide and translate within the sliding groove 4.

[0050] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the translation sliding mechanism that drives the mirror stage 3 to translate and slide is further disclosed. The reciprocating motion of the translation motor 24 drives the nut and the mirror stage 3 to translate and slide in the sliding groove 4, thereby realizing the adjustment of the position of the rectangular mirror 1.

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] A number of rectangular reflectors 1 are located on one side of the upper end of the cover 6 and are fitted with a graduated dial 25. The spherical adjustment handle 10 is fitted with the dial 25 with a clearance and can rotate in the axial hole of the dial 25. The dial 25 slides on the dial guide bar 26 installed on the cover 6. The dial guide bar 26 is set parallel to the guide rail groove 9. A pointer 27 is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the spherical adjustment handle 10, and the pointer 27 indicates the rotation angle of the spherical adjustment handle 10 and the rectangular reflectors 1.

[0053] In this embodiment, the steering adjustment structure and steering indication mechanism of the rectangular reflector 1 are further disclosed. The deflection angle of the rectangular reflector 1 can be adjusted by rotating the spherical adjustment handle 10. A pointer 27 is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the spherical adjustment handle 10. The angle data of the deflection of the rectangular reflector 1 can be recorded by turning the pointer 27 on the dial 25, so that the light can be quickly refracted onto the CCD camera 13 during multiple measurements.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] The lifting mechanism that drives the camera lifting plate 14 to move up and down includes a lifting motor 28, a sliding rod 29, and a lead screw 30. The lifting motor 28 is fixedly installed on the top plate 31, and the drive shaft of the lifting motor 28 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 30. The camera lifting plate 14 has an internal thread that mates with the lead screw 30. The camera lifting plate 14 also has a sliding rod hole that mates with the sliding rod 29. The ends of the sliding rod 29 and the lead screw 30 away from the top plate 31 are connected to the bottom plate 32. The camera lifting plate 14 is driven to move up and down by the rotation of the lifting motor 28.

[0056] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the lifting mechanism that drives the camera lifting plate 14 to move up and down is further disclosed. The rotation of the lifting motor 28 drives the lead screw 30 to rotate. Since the lead screw 30 is engaged with the internal thread on the camera lifting plate 14, the camera lifting plate 14 is driven to move up and down during the rotation of the lead screw 30. The sliding rod 29 ensures the normal operation of the lifting process.

[0057] Example 6:

[0058] The three sets of rectangular reflectors 1 and circular reflectors 2 are respectively equipped with a first light source 33 and a second light source 34 on their frames. Each of the three sets of first light source 33 and second light source 34 is equipped with an independent switch for controlling its opening and closing.

[0059] In this embodiment, light sources are further installed on the rectangular reflector 1 and the circular reflector 2 to ensure sufficient illumination. In order to prevent the light sources from affecting each other, the light sources on each rectangular reflector 1 and the circular reflector 2 are controlled independently.

[0060] Example 7:

[0061] In the top view of the housing 5, the three sets of rectangular reflectors 1 are arranged clockwise from the viewing window 15 as the second rectangular reflector 41, the first rectangular reflector 40, and the third rectangular reflector 42. The rotating shaft 11 at the bottom of the circular reflector 2 allows it to rotate to face or turn away from the third rectangular reflector 42.

[0062] The rectangular reflector 1 and the circular reflector 2 respectively acquire images of the side edge and bottom edge of the cutting tool 7. The side edge includes a first target area 35, a second target area 36 and a third target area. Each target area occupies one-third of the circumference of the side edge. The third target area is divided into a first part 37, a second part 38 and a third part 39.

[0063] In this embodiment, the specific position division of the three sets of rectangular reflectors 1 is further disclosed, as well as the side blade partitioning in the process of detecting damage to the tool 7. Each target area needs to be accurately captured by adjusting the corresponding rectangular reflector 1 and the corresponding light-shielding component during actual operation, and recorded by the CCD lens.

[0064] Its working principle is as follows:

[0065] Install the detection mechanism to the predetermined position on the machine tool. By operating the machine tool, align the center of the cutting tool 7 with the inner hole 8 of the detection mechanism housing 6. Control the position of the anti-ghosting arc plate 17 and the circular reflector 2. Move the positions of the first light shield 20 and the second light shield 12 inside the housing 5 to prevent the light source and non-target areas from affecting the image of the target area. Lower the cutting tool 7 so that the side edge is just completely inside the housing 6. Adjust the lifting mechanism connected to the camera lifting plate 14 to place the CCD lens 8 and the CCD camera 9 in a suitable image shooting position, thereby acquiring the image of the bottom edge of the cutting tool 7. Then control the position of the rectangular reflector 1, the first light shield 20, the second light shield 12 and the anti-ghosting arc plate 17, as well as the opening and closing of the first strip light source 33. Adjust the position of the image acquisition device and acquire the image of the target area of ​​the side edge of the cutting tool 7 one by one. Process and analyze the bottom edge and side edge images as needed to obtain the wear condition of the cutting tool 7.

[0066] A method for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, employing the aforementioned apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Clean the cutting tool 7 using the cleaning function of the machine tool, then install the detection mechanism and image capturing mechanism to the predetermined position of the machine tool, and operate the machine tool to make the center of the cutting tool 7 reach the center of the predetermined position, thereby aligning with the inner hole 8 of the upper cover 6 of the detection mechanism.

[0068] Step 2: Rotate the circular reflector 2 to face the third rectangular reflector 42, and move the cutter 7 down above the circular reflector 2 so that the side edge of the cutter 7 is fully inside the housing 6. According to the size of the cutter 7, use the translation motor 24 to drive the ball screw mechanism 22 to work, thereby moving the third rectangular reflector 42. Push the first light shield 20 and the second light shield 21 into the housing 5. Rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate 17 to face the third rectangular reflector 42. Turn off the first light source 33 and turn on the second light source 34. Adjust the position of the image capturing mechanism and slowly rotate the ball adjustment handle 10 to adjust the turning angle of the third rectangular reflector 42 so that the image of the cutter 7 is fully presented on the guide mirror 16. Take a picture after the bottom edge image of the cutter 7 is clear.

[0069] Step 3: Turn off the second light source 34, rotate the circular reflector 2 to face away from the third rectangular reflector 42, control the position of the third rectangular reflector 42 according to the size of the tool 7, rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate 17 to face the first rectangular reflector 40 or the second rectangular reflector 41, push the second light shield 21 into the housing 5 along the guide rail groove 9 inside the housing 5, turn on only the first light source 33 of the third rectangular reflector 42, adjust the position of the image capturing mechanism, slowly rotate the ball adjustment handle 10 to adjust the turning angle of the third rectangular reflector 42, so that the image of the tool 7 is completely presented on the guide rail mirror 16, and after the image is clear, perform image acquisition of the first target area 35 of the side edge of the tool 7;

[0070] Step 4: Pull the second light shield 21 out of the housing 5, rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate 17 to face the third rectangular reflector 42, push the first light shield 20 into the housing 5 along the guide groove 19 inside the housing 5, turn on the first light source 33 of the first rectangular reflector 40 and turn off the other light sources, slowly rotate the spherical adjustment handle 10 of the third rectangular reflector 42 and the second rectangular reflector 41 so that the image of the tool 7 is completely presented on the guide mirror 16, and after the image is clear, perform image acquisition of the second target area 36 of the side edge of the tool 7;

[0071] Step 5: Pull the first light shield 20 and the second light shield 21 out of the housing 5 along their respective guide grooves 19. Rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate 17 between the first rectangular reflector 40 and the second rectangular reflector 41. Turn on the first light source 33 of the second rectangular reflector 41 and turn off the other light sources. Slowly rotate the spherical adjustment handles 10 of each rectangular reflector 1 so that the image of the tool 7 is completely presented on the guide mirror 16. After the image is clear, acquire the image of the first part 37 of the third target area of ​​the side edge of the tool 7.

[0072] Step Six: Repeat Step Five twice to complete the image acquisition of the remaining parts of the third target area.

[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, comprising a detection mechanism and an image capturing mechanism, characterized in that: The detection mechanism includes a rectangular reflector and a circular reflector; The rectangular reflectors are arranged in three sets, each corresponding to the other and mounted on the mirror stage in a fixed-axis rotational manner. The mirror stage is slidably positioned within a sliding groove, which is located at the bottom of the housing and arranged in a circular array along the bottom axis of the housing. The housing is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top. A cover is detachably mounted at the top opening of the housing, and the cover has an inner hole for a cutting tool to enter. The end of the rectangular reflector away from the mirror stage passes through a guide groove in the cover and is fixedly connected to a spherical adjustment handle. The rotation angle of the rectangular reflector within the housing is adjusted by rotating the spherical adjustment handle. Driven by the sliding mechanism, the mirror stage moves the rectangular reflector to reciprocate along the length of the sliding groove. The circular reflector is movably mounted at the center of the bottom of the housing via a rotating shaft, and the circular reflector rotates around the rotating shaft in the direction of the rectangular reflector. The image capturing mechanism includes a CCD lens and a CCD camera. The CCD lens is detachably mounted on the CCD camera, and the CCD camera is fixedly mounted on the camera lifting plate. The camera lifting plate moves up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism. A viewing window is opened on the housing facing one side of the CCD lens, and a guide mirror is fixedly mounted on one side of the viewing window. The CCD lens faces the guide mirror vertically. The shell has an inner hole around which an anti-ghosting arc plate is installed. The shell cover has an annular groove for the anti-ghosting arc plate to be inserted. The anti-ghosting arc plate moves in a ring around the axis of the inner hole to block non-target areas. The bottom of the housing is also provided with a pair of guide grooves, both of which point to the axial direction of the housing. A first light-shielding plate and a second light-shielding plate are respectively installed in the guide grooves. The first light-shielding plate and the second light-shielding plate pass through the side wall of the housing and extend outward.

2. The device for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation and sliding mechanism that drives several microscope stages to slide and move includes a ball screw mechanism, a coupling, and a translation motor. The nut of the ball screw mechanism is fixedly connected to the microscope stage, and one end of the ball screw mechanism extends outward from the housing and is fixedly connected to the translation motor through the coupling. The reciprocating rotation of the translation motor drives the nut and the microscope stage to slide and move within the sliding groove.

3. The apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Several rectangular reflectors are fitted with graduated finger discs on one side of the upper end of the housing cover. The spherical adjustment handle is fitted with the finger disc with a clearance and can rotate within the axial hole of the finger disc. The finger disc slides on the finger disc guide bar installed on the housing cover. The finger disc guide bar is arranged parallel to the guide rail groove. A pointer is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the spherical adjustment handle to indicate the rotation angle of the spherical adjustment handle and the rectangular reflectors.

4. The device for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism that drives the camera lifting plate to move up and down includes a lifting motor, a sliding rod, and a lead screw. The lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the top plate, and the drive shaft of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw. The camera lifting plate has an internal thread that mates with the lead screw, and the camera lifting plate also has a sliding rod hole that mates with the sliding rod. The ends of the sliding rod and the lead screw away from the top plate are connected to the bottom plate. The camera lifting plate is driven to move up and down by the rotation of the lifting motor.

5. The device for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the top view of the housing, the three sets of rectangular reflectors are arranged clockwise from the viewing window as the second rectangular reflector, the first rectangular reflector, and the third rectangular reflector. The rotating shaft at the bottom of the circular reflector allows it to rotate to face or turn away from the third rectangular reflector.

6. The device for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three sets of rectangular and circular reflectors are equipped with a first light source and a second light source respectively on their frames. Each of the three sets of first and second light sources is equipped with an independent switch for controlling their opening and closing.

7. The apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rectangular and circular reflectors respectively capture images of the side and bottom edges of the cutting tool. The side edge includes a first target area, a second target area, and a third target area, each of which occupies one-third of the circumference of the side edge. The third target area is divided into a first part, a second part, and a third part.

8. A method for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector, employing the apparatus for acquiring tool wear images using a reflector as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean the cutting tool using the cleaning function of the machine tool, then install the detection mechanism and image capturing mechanism to the predetermined position on the machine tool, and operate the machine tool to make the center of the cutting tool reach directly above the center of the predetermined position, thereby aligning with the inner hole of the upper cover of the detection mechanism. Step 2: Rotate the circular reflector to face the third rectangular reflector, and move the cutter down above the circular reflector so that the side edge of the cutter is fully inside the housing. According to the size of the cutter, use the translation motor to drive the ball screw mechanism to move the third rectangular reflector, and push the first and second light-shielding plates into the housing. Rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate to face the third rectangular reflector. Turn off the first light source and turn on the second light source. Adjust the position of the image capturing mechanism and slowly rotate the ball adjustment handle to adjust the turning angle of the third rectangular reflector so that the image of the cutter is fully presented on the guide mirror. Take the picture after the image of the bottom edge of the cutter is clear. Step 3: Turn off the second light source, rotate the circular reflector to face away from the third rectangular reflector, control the position of the third rectangular reflector according to the tool size, rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate to face the first or second rectangular reflector, push the second light shield along the guide rail groove inside the housing, turn on only the first light source of the third rectangular reflector, adjust the position of the image capturing mechanism, slowly rotate the ball adjustment handle to adjust the turning angle of the third rectangular reflector, so that the tool image is completely presented on the guide rail mirror, and after the image is clear, perform image acquisition of the first target area of ​​the tool side edge; Step 4: Pull the second light shield out of the housing, rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate to face the third rectangular reflector, push the first light shield into the housing along the guide groove inside the housing, turn on the first light source of the first rectangular reflector and turn off the other light sources, slowly rotate the spherical adjustment handles of the third rectangular reflector and the second rectangular reflector so that the tool image is completely presented on the guide mirror, and after the image is clear, perform image acquisition of the second target area of ​​the tool side edge; Step 5: Pull the first and second light-shielding plates out of the housing along their respective guide grooves. Rotate the anti-ghosting arc plate between the first and second rectangular reflectors. Turn on the first light source of the second rectangular reflector and turn off the other light sources. Slowly rotate the spherical adjustment handles of each rectangular reflector to make the tool image appear completely on the guide mirror. After the image is clear, acquire the first part of the image of the third target area of ​​the tool side edge. Step Six: Repeat Step Five twice to complete the image acquisition of the remaining parts of the third target area.

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