Adjustable friction torque dynamic seal for rotary mechanisms, methods, and systems

Abstract

The application relates to a dynamic sealing device, method and system for adjusting friction torque of a rotating mechanism, and relates to the fields of automobiles and industrial machines. The scheme can balance the sealing effect and friction torque of a rotating part. When the rotating mechanism is in a dry environment, the dynamic sealing device can ensure sealing while reducing the friction torque to improve the efficiency of the mechanism by reducing the shaft holding force of the lip on the rotor side annular framework. Meanwhile, the scheme can reduce the wear of the lip. Since the lip and the rotor side annular framework are in sliding friction, long-term contact can easily lead to wear. The scheme can reduce the shaft holding force in a dry environment, even make part of the lip and the framework disengage from contact, and only keep one lip to maintain sealing. On the premise of ensuring the sealing effect, the contact area and friction are reduced, and the wear of the lip is effectively reduced. The dynamic adjustment mechanism balances the sealing performance and friction loss according to the environment difference, and has high efficiency and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of automotive and industrial machinery technology, and in particular to a dynamic sealing device, method and system for a rotating mechanism with adjustable frictional torque. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of continuous advancements in global industrial automation and the booming development of the automotive industry, the demand for rotary seals is steadily increasing, particularly in the automotive and industrial machinery sectors.

[0003] Some rotating mechanisms often operate in harsh environments, such as frequent wading or dusty conditions. To prevent corrosion from liquids, dust, and other contaminants, dynamic seals are typically installed between the rotating and stationary components. These seals effectively prevent external dust, liquids, and impurities from entering the mechanism. However, the relative movement between the dynamic seal components inevitably generates friction, increasing the overall frictional torque and consequently reducing the mechanism's efficiency.

[0004] To improve the efficiency of a rotating mechanism, measures are often taken to reduce the contact force between the dynamic seal lip and the frame. While this reduces the frictional torque, it also worsens the sealing effect. Therefore, in existing technologies, it is difficult to find an ideal balance between the sealing effect and the frictional torque of the rotating mechanism. Increasing the frictional torque of the dynamic seal device leads to a better sealing effect, but it reduces the efficiency of the rotating mechanism; conversely, decreasing the frictional torque of the dynamic seal device results in a worse sealing effect, but improves the efficiency of the rotating mechanism. This contradiction has become a pressing technical challenge in the field of rotary seals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic sealing device, method, and system for a rotating mechanism with adjustable frictional torque, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic sealing device with adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism, the dynamic sealing device comprising: A stator-side annular frame, press-fitted onto the outer periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism and stationary with the stator, has a first lip frame, a second lip frame, and a third lip frame sequentially arranged along its axial direction on its outer periphery. The first, second, and third lip frames are respectively fitted with a first lip, a second lip, and a third lip. The rotor-side annular frame is press-fitted onto the inner circumference of the rotating mechanism rotor and rotates with the rotating mechanism rotor. The rotating mechanism rotor and the rotating mechanism stator are both sleeved on the rotating mechanism central shaft. The rotating mechanism rotor rotates around the rotating mechanism stator and the rotating mechanism central shaft. The second and third lips are each equipped with an expansion ring. When the expansion ring is not expanded, the second and third lips do not contact the rotor-side annular frame. When the expansion ring expands, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame and can adjust the shaft clamping force with the rotor-side annular frame. The first lip is always in contact with the rotor-side annular frame.

[0007] In one possible implementation, a plurality of humidity sensors are provided on the outer periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism near the open side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism, for controlling the expansion value of the expansion ring based on the humidity values ​​detected by the plurality of humidity sensors.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the number of humidity sensors is four, and the four humidity sensors are evenly spaced along the outer periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the inner circumference of the stator-side annular frame near the opening side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism is further provided with a stator-side annular coating.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the outer periphery of the rotor-side annular skeleton is further provided with a rotor-side annular coating near the opening side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the expansion ring includes a first hydraulic oil cavity and a second hydraulic oil cavity arranged symmetrically, and a first expansion arc-shaped column and a second expansion arc-shaped column located between the first hydraulic oil cavity and the second hydraulic oil cavity; The first hydraulic oil cavity is provided with a first plunger and a second plunger at both ends, and the second hydraulic oil cavity is provided with a third plunger and a fourth plunger at both ends. The first end of the first plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the first hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the first plunger is connected to the first end of the first expansion arc-shaped column. The first end of the second plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the first hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the second plunger is connected to the first end of the second expansion arc-shaped column; The first end of the third plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the third plunger is connected to the second end of the first expansion arc-shaped column; The first end of the fourth plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the fourth plunger is connected to the second end of the second expansion arc-shaped column.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first hydraulic oil chamber and the second hydraulic oil chamber are connected to an external hydraulic oil pump via pipelines.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first lip, the second lip, and the third lip are made of an elastic material.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a dynamic sealing method for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, the method being applied to the dynamic sealing device for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above, the method comprising: Define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, where the first calibration quantity < the second calibration quantity, and the first and second calibration quantities indicate humidity values; define a third calibration quantity, a fourth calibration quantity, and a fifth calibration quantity, where the third calibration quantity < the fourth calibration quantity < the fifth calibration quantity, and the third, fourth, and fifth calibration quantities indicate expansion values; When the measured values ​​of the four humidity sensors are all ≤ the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are not expanded, the second and third lips are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor. When the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate. When the measured values ​​of at least two of the four humidity sensors are greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid seepage prevention effect is good. When the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the second calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a heavily humid environment. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is larger, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is better.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention provides a dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, the system being applied in the dynamic sealing method for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above, the system comprising: A definition module is used to define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, wherein the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first and second calibration quantities indicate humidity values. The definition module is also used to define the third standard quantity, the fourth standard quantity, and the fifth standard quantity, wherein the third standard quantity < the fourth standard quantity < the fifth standard quantity, and the third standard quantity, the fourth standard quantity, and the fifth standard quantity indicate the expansion value; The determination module is used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment when the measured values ​​of the four humidity sensors are all ≤ the first calibration value. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are not expanded, the second and third lips are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor. The determination module is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment when the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the first calibration value, in response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured value of the first calibration value. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft clamping force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate. The determination module is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment when the measured values ​​of at least two of the four humidity sensors are greater than the first calibration value, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid seepage prevention effect is good. The determination module is further configured to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a heavily humid environment when the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the second calibration value. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, the second and third lips have a larger shaft-holding force with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is better.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include at least the following: On the one hand, this technical solution can balance the sealing effect and frictional torque of rotating components. When the rotating mechanism operates in a dry environment, the dynamic sealing device can ensure the sealing effect while reducing the clamping force between the lip and the rotor-side annular frame (the pressure of the lip pressing against the rotor-side annular frame; the tighter the lip presses against the rotor-side annular frame, the greater the pressure, i.e., the greater the clamping force), and reducing the frictional torque (the greater the clamping force, the tighter the lip presses against the rotor-side annular frame; since the lips are made of elastic materials, the greater the deformation, the larger the contact area with the rotor-side annular frame, and the greater the frictional torque, and vice versa), thereby improving the efficiency of the rotating mechanism; on the other hand, this technical solution... This invention reduces the wear of the lip of the dynamic sealing device. Since the lip of the dynamic sealing device and the rotor-side annular skeleton are subject to sliding friction, meaning the lip is always in contact with the rotor-side annular skeleton and there is relative movement between them, long-term operation will cause friction on the lip. This application controls the clamping force between the lip and the rotor-side annular skeleton in real time according to different operating environments of the rotating mechanism. When the environment around the rotating mechanism is relatively dry, the clamping force between the lip and the rotor-side annular skeleton is reduced. In a very dry environment, it is even possible to allow only one lip to contact the rotor-side annular skeleton, while the other lips do not contact the rotor-side annular skeleton. This reduces the friction between the lip and the rotor-side annular skeleton while ensuring the sealing effect, thus reducing the wear of the lip. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dynamic sealing device for an adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation of a dynamic sealing device for an adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of AA.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the expansion ring of a dynamic sealing device for an adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of a dynamic sealing method for a rotating mechanism with adjustable friction torque, provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a dynamic sealing system for an adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism, provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Dynamic sealing device; 2. Stator of rotating mechanism; 3. Rotor of rotating mechanism; 4. Central shaft of rotating mechanism; 11. Stator-side annular frame; 12. Rotor-side annular frame; 13. First lip frame; 14. Second lip frame; 15. Third lip frame; 16. First lip; 17. Second lip; 18. Third lip; 19. Expansion ring; 110. Humidity sensor; 111. Stator-side annular coating; 112. Rotor-side annular coating; 191. First hydraulic oil chamber; 192. Second hydraulic oil chamber; 193. First expansion arc-shaped column; 194. Second expansion arc-shaped column; 195. First plunger; 196. Second plunger; 197. Third plunger; 198. Fourth plunger. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In this specification, identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions towards or away from a specific component. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this specification, "multiple" means two or more.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the installation of an adjustable friction torque dynamic sealing device for a rotating mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The adjustable friction torque dynamic sealing device 1 for the rotating mechanism includes: a stator-side annular frame 11, which is press-fitted onto the outer periphery of a rotating mechanism stator 2 and remains stationary with the stator 2; a first lip frame 13, a second lip frame 14, and a third lip frame 15 are sequentially arranged along its axial direction on its outer periphery; a first lip 16, a second lip 17, and a third lip 18 are respectively mounted on the first lip frame 13, the second lip frame 14, and the third lip frame 15; and a rotor-side annular frame 12, which is press-fitted onto the rotating mechanism stator 2. The inner circumference of the rotor 3 rotates with the rotor 3 of the rotating mechanism. The rotor 3 and the stator 2 of the rotating mechanism are both sleeved on the central shaft 4 of the rotating mechanism. The rotor 3 of the rotating mechanism rotates around the stator 2 and the central shaft 4 of the rotating mechanism. Among them, the second lip 17 and the third lip 18 are both equipped with expansion rings 19. When the expansion ring 19 does not expand, the second lip 17 and the third lip 18 do not contact the rotor-side annular frame 12. When the expansion ring 19 expands, the second lip 17 and the third lip 18 contact the rotor-side annular frame 12 and can adjust the shaft clamping force with the rotor-side annular frame 12. The first lip 16 is always in contact with the rotor-side annular frame 12.

[0029] In this embodiment, the dynamic sealing device's structural design, through the cooperation of the stator-side and rotor-side annular frames, provides a stable sealing foundation for the rotating mechanism. The stator-side annular frame is fixed to the stator of the rotating mechanism, and three lip frames and lips arranged sequentially on it construct a multi-stage sealing system. The first lip is always in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, undertaking the basic sealing function; the second and third lips have built-in expansion rings, which can adjust the contact state and clamping force with the rotor-side annular frame according to environmental requirements. When the expansion ring expands, the second and third lips engage in sealing, enhancing the sealing effect; when not expanding, they disengage, reducing frictional torque. This structure achieves dynamic adjustment of sealing performance and frictional torque, is suitable for different humidity environments, and effectively balances the sealing and efficiency requirements of the rotating mechanism.

[0030] In detail, Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the installation of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable frictional torque for a rotating mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 The partial schematic diagram shows that multiple humidity sensors 110 are also provided on the outer periphery of the stator 2 of the rotating mechanism near the opening side of the rotor 3. These sensors are used to control the expansion value of the expansion ring 19 based on the humidity values ​​detected by the multiple humidity sensors 110. In one example, there are four humidity sensors 110, which are evenly spaced along the outer periphery of the stator 2 of the rotating mechanism.

[0031] In this embodiment, multiple evenly distributed humidity sensors are arranged on the outer periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism. Their core function is to construct a comprehensive environmental perception system, providing real-time humidity data support for the intelligent adjustment of the dynamic sealing device. The four sensors are evenly spaced, avoiding the limitations of single-point detection. Data fusion improves the comprehensiveness and reliability of humidity detection, effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by local environmental interference. The humidity values ​​detected by the sensors are directly used as control signals to drive the expansion ring to dynamically adjust the clamping force of the second and third lips. This provides a reliable environmental feedback basis for the adaptive adjustment of the multi-stage lips, ensuring that the sealing device continuously balances sealing performance and mechanical efficiency under complex operating conditions.

[0032] To elaborate further, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A stator-side annular coating 111 is also provided on the inner circumference of the stator-side annular frame 11 near the opening side of the rotor 3 of the rotating mechanism. A rotor-side annular coating 112 is also provided on the outer circumference of the rotor-side annular frame 12 near the opening side of the rotor 3 of the rotating mechanism.

[0033] In this embodiment, both the stator-side and rotor-side annular rubber coatings are installed near the open side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism. Their elastic material not only assists in sealing, filling gaps between components and preventing the intrusion of external liquids, dust, and other impurities, thus enhancing the sealing effect in conjunction with the lip, but also provides cushioning and protection, absorbing vibrations and impacts during operation and reducing wear caused by rigid contact between components. Furthermore, the rubber coating transforms friction through elastic deformation, effectively reducing frictional resistance and torque, improving the operating efficiency of the mechanism, and adapting to installation deviations, thereby enhancing the environmental adaptability and structural stability of the device under complex operating conditions.

[0034] Furthermore, Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the structure of an expansion ring in a dynamic sealing device for an adjustable friction torque rotary mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The expansion ring 19 includes a first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and a second hydraulic oil chamber 192 symmetrically arranged, and a first expansion arc-shaped column 193 and a second expansion arc-shaped column 194 located between the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192. A first plunger 195 and a second plunger 196 are respectively provided at both ends of the first hydraulic oil chamber 191, and a third plunger 197 and a fourth plunger 198 are respectively provided at both ends of the second hydraulic oil chamber 192. The first end of the first plunger 195 is slidably connected to the first hydraulic oil chamber 192. Inside the hydraulic oil chamber 191, the second end of the first plunger 195 is connected to the first end of the first expansion arc-shaped column 193; the first end of the second plunger 196 is slidably connected to the inside of the first hydraulic oil chamber 191, and the second end of the second plunger 196 is connected to the first end of the second expansion arc-shaped column 194; the first end of the third plunger 197 is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil chamber 192, and the second end of the third plunger 197 is connected to the second end of the first expansion arc-shaped column 193; the first end of the fourth plunger 198 is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil chamber 192, and the second end of the fourth plunger 198 is connected to the second end of the second expansion arc-shaped column 194.

[0035] It is understood that the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 are connected to an external hydraulic oil pump through pipelines. When the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 increases, as the pressure inside the chamber increases, the first plunger 195 and the second plunger 196, as well as the third plunger 197 and the fourth plunger 198 extend to both sides of the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192, causing the first expansion arc-shaped column 193 and the second expansion arc-shaped column 194 to expand. When the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 decreases, as the pressure inside the chamber decreases, the first plunger 195 and the second plunger 196, as well as the third plunger 197 and the fourth plunger 198 all retract, causing the first expansion arc-shaped column 193 and the second expansion arc-shaped column 194 to contract.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the unique structural design of the expansion ring provides the core drive for the dynamic adjustment of friction torque and sealing performance of the dynamic sealing device. Its symmetrically distributed dual hydraulic oil chambers and expansion arc-shaped column, together with the sliding plunger, construct a precise and controllable hydraulic drive system. This structural design enables continuous adjustment of the lip contact state, allowing the dynamic sealing device to flexibly switch between efficient operation and reliable sealing according to changes in ambient humidity.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that the first lip 16, the second lip 17, and the third lip 18 are made of elastic material. In one example, the first lip 16, the second lip 17, and the third lip 18 are made of rubber.

[0038] In this embodiment, the three lips are made of elastic materials such as rubber, which is a key design feature for achieving a dynamic balance between sealing performance and frictional torque. The flexibility of the elastic material allows it to fit tightly against the surface of the rotor-side annular frame. Even when the rotating component experiences slight eccentricity or vibration, it can still fill the gap through adaptive deformation, forming a reliable sealing barrier that effectively prevents the intrusion of impurities such as liquids and dust. At the same time, the elastic recovery characteristics of the elastic material ensure that the lip can precisely adjust the shaft clamping force under the drive of the expansion ring. The choice of rubber material combines practicality and durability. Its oil resistance and weather resistance are suitable for complex working conditions such as automobiles and industrial machinery, and it is not prone to failure after long-term contact with lubricating grease or humid environments. The appropriate hardness and elastic modulus balance the contact stiffness and friction control requirements required for sealing. Combined with the multi-stage lip design (the first lip is in constant contact, and the second and third lips are adjustable), the device can improve efficiency in dry environments through low-load operation with a single lip, and strengthen the seal in humid environments through elastic compression of multiple lips.

[0039] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a flow chart of a dynamic sealing method for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This dynamic sealing method for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism is applied to the dynamic sealing device for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above. The method includes: Step 501: Define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, where the first calibration quantity < the second calibration quantity, and the first and second calibration quantities indicate humidity values; define a third calibration quantity, a fourth calibration quantity, and a fifth calibration quantity, where the third calibration quantity < the fourth calibration quantity < the fifth calibration quantity, and the third, fourth, and fifth calibration quantities indicate expansion values.

[0040] In this embodiment, calibrated values ​​for humidity and expansion are defined to establish a quantitative benchmark for environmental assessment and sealing adjustment. The first and second calibration values ​​divide humidity into gradients such as dry, slightly damp, and heavily damp, providing threshold standards for subsequent environmental identification. The third to fifth calibration values ​​correspond to different expansion states of the expansion ring, directly relating to the contact tightness between the lip and the rotor-side annular frame. This hierarchical calibration mechanism can accurately match the mechanical response parameters of the expansion ring based on real-time environmental humidity, establishing a mapping relationship between environmental signals and sealing structure adjustments. This is a core prerequisite for achieving dynamic adaptive sealing, ensuring that the logical judgments and execution operations of subsequent steps have clear quantitative basis.

[0041] Step 502: In response to the fact that the measured values ​​of the four humidity sensors are all ≤ the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the tightening rings of the second and third lips are not expanded, the second and third lips are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the entire environment is detected to be dry, this step minimizes frictional torque by retaining only the first lip in contact with the rotor-side annular frame and cutting off the contact of other lips. The risk of liquid infiltration is low in dry environments, eliminating the need for multi-stage sealing. Therefore, by reducing the contact area (only a single lip is in operation), the sliding friction loss between the elastic material and the rotor-side annular frame is significantly reduced. This design maximizes the efficiency of the rotating mechanism while ensuring basic dustproof capabilities, avoiding redundant frictional losses in non-harsh environments, and balancing energy-saving requirements with basic sealing requirements. It is particularly suitable for energy-efficient operation of equipment in intermittently wet or dusty environments.

[0043] Step 503: In response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value. The second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft clamping force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate.

[0044] In this embodiment, facing a slightly humid environment, this step establishes a graded sealing mechanism by activating the slight expansion of the second and third lips (third calibration value). At this time, the micro-expansion of the tightening ring causes the second and third lips to make slight contact with the rotor-side annular frame, forming a moderate shaft-holding force. This enhances the liquid penetration resistance by increasing the number of contact layers (full contact of all three lips), while maintaining a small contact area due to the low expansion value, thus avoiding excessive increase in frictional torque. This "slight activation" strategy is suitable for scenarios with trace amounts of water vapor or intermittent humidity, achieving a balance between sealing performance and mechanical efficiency, preventing frequent and drastic adjustments caused by fluctuations in ambient humidity, and is applicable to industrial machinery operating conditions with humid air or occasional water splashes.

[0045] Step 504: In response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured values ​​of at least two of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value. The second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft clamping force of the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is good.

[0046] In this embodiment, when a moderately humid environment is identified, the tightening ring undergoes moderate expansion (fourth calibration value) to ensure that the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame with a moderate clamping force. This setting is based on the linear increase in the risk of liquid infiltration as humidity increases. By increasing the lip deformation and contact area, a multi-layered sealing barrier is constructed. The first lip maintains a basic seal, while the second and third lips form a buffer sealing layer through moderate pressure, effectively preventing the intrusion of liquid water or high-concentration dust. Simultaneously, the frictional torque corresponding to the moderate expansion value is within a reasonable range, avoiding energy waste due to excessive sealing. This design is suitable for rotating components of automotive chassis that are frequently exposed to humid air or lightly submerged in water, achieving an optimized match between sealing performance and mechanical wear.

[0047] Step 505: In response to the measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the second calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a heavily humid environment. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand, and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value. The second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, and the clamping force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is larger, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is better.

[0048] In this embodiment, under extremely humid conditions, the expansion ring drives the second and third lips to tightly adhere to the rotor-side annular frame at its maximum expansion value (fifth standard value), forming a high-strength sealing structure. At this point, the shaft clamping force reaches its peak, maximizing the contact area between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame. Multi-stage elastic compression blocks the liquid penetration path, ensuring the cleanliness of the rotating mechanism's interior even under continuous immersion or high-pressure water spray conditions. Although the frictional torque increases due to increased contact pressure, sealing reliability takes precedence over efficiency requirements in extreme environments. This design, by sacrificing some mechanical efficiency, prioritizes long-term stable operation of the equipment under harsh conditions, reflecting a protection-first strategy for high-risk environments. It is suitable for water-related operations such as construction machinery and agricultural machinery.

[0049] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of a dynamic sealing system for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This dynamic sealing system for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism is applied in the dynamic sealing method for an adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above. The system includes: Definition module 601 is used to define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, wherein the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first and second calibration quantities indicate humidity values. The definition module 601 is also used to define the third standard quantity, the fourth standard quantity, and the fifth standard quantity, wherein the third standard quantity < the fourth standard quantity < the fifth standard quantity, and the third standard quantity, the fourth standard quantity, and the fifth standard quantity indicate the expansion value; The determination module 602 is used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment when the measured values ​​of the four humidity sensors are all ≤ the first calibration value. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are not expanded, the second and third lips are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor. The determination module 602 is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment when the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the first calibration value, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate. The determination module 602 is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment when the measured values ​​of at least two of the four humidity sensors are greater than the first calibration value, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid seepage prevention effect is good; The determination module 602 is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a heavily humid environment when the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the second calibration value. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, the second and third lips have a larger shaft holding force with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is better.

[0050] In summary, on the one hand, this technical solution can balance the sealing effect and frictional torque of rotating components. When the rotating mechanism operates in a dry environment, the dynamic sealing device can ensure the sealing effect while reducing the clamping force between the lip and the rotor-side annular frame (the pressure of the lip pressing against the rotor-side annular frame; the tighter the lip presses against the rotor-side annular frame, the greater the pressure, i.e., the greater the clamping force), and reducing the frictional torque (the greater the clamping force, the tighter the lip presses against the rotor-side annular frame; since the lips are made of elastic materials, the greater the deformation, the larger the contact area with the rotor-side annular frame, and the greater the frictional torque, and vice versa), thereby improving the efficiency of the rotating mechanism; on the other hand, this technical solution... The proposed solution reduces lip wear in dynamic sealing devices. Since the lip of the dynamic sealing device and the rotor-side annular frame experience sliding friction (meaning the lip is constantly in contact with the rotor-side annular frame and there is relative motion between them), prolonged operation leads to lip friction. This application addresses this by controlling the clamping force between the lip and the rotor-side annular frame in real-time, based on the operating environment of the rotating mechanism. When the environment around the rotating mechanism is relatively dry, the clamping force between the lip and the rotor-side annular frame is reduced. In very dry environments, even only one lip can contact the rotor-side annular frame, while the others do not. This reduces friction between the lip and the rotor-side annular frame while maintaining the sealing effect, thus lowering lip wear.

[0051] In the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments disclosed in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic sealing method for a rotating mechanism with adjustable frictional torque, characterized in that, The method is applied to a dynamic sealing device, which includes a stator-side annular frame, a rotor-side annular frame, and an expansion ring. The stator-side annular frame is press-fitted onto the outer circumference of the stator of the rotating mechanism and remains stationary with the stator. A first lip frame, a second lip frame, and a third lip frame are sequentially arranged axially along its outer circumference. A first lip, a second lip, and a third lip are respectively installed on the first, second, and third lip frames. The rotor-side annular frame is press-fitted onto the inner circumference of the rotor of the rotating mechanism and rotates with the rotor. Both the rotor and the stator of the rotating mechanism are sleeved on the central shaft of the rotating mechanism. The rotor rotates around the... The stator and central shaft of the rotating mechanism rotate; expansion rings are installed in both the second and third lips. When the expansion rings are not expanded, the second and third lips do not contact the rotor-side annular frame. When the expansion rings expand, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame and can adjust the shaft clamping force with the rotor-side annular frame; the first lip is always in contact with the rotor-side annular frame; four humidity sensors are provided on the outer periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism near the opening side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism, which are used to control the expansion value of the expansion rings according to the humidity values ​​detected by the four humidity sensors. The method includes the following steps: Define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, where the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first and second calibration quantities indicate humidity values. Define the third, fourth, and fifth standardized quantities, where the third standardized quantity < the fourth standardized quantity < the fifth standardized quantity, and the third, fourth, and fifth standardized quantities indicate the expansion value; When the measured values ​​of the four humidity sensors are all ≤ the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment. The expansion ring is controlled to remain in an unexpanded state. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular skeleton, while the second and third lips are not in contact with the rotor-side annular skeleton. The frictional torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor. When the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment. The expansion ring is controlled to expand and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, so that the second lip and the third lip contact the rotor-side annular frame. The shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate. When the measured values ​​of at least two of the four humidity sensors are greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment. The expansion ring is controlled to expand and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, so that the second lip and the third lip contact the rotor-side annular frame. The shaft holding force of the second lip and the third lip with the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid seepage prevention effect is good. When the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the second calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a heavily humid environment. The expansion ring is controlled to expand and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value, so that the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular skeleton. The second and third lips have a larger clamping force with the rotor-side annular skeleton, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is better.

2. The dynamic sealing method for an adjustable frictional torque in a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four humidity sensors are evenly spaced along the outer periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism.

3. The dynamic sealing method for an adjustable frictional torque in a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner circumference of the stator-side annular frame, near the opening side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism, is also provided with a stator-side annular coating.

4. The dynamic sealing method for an adjustable frictional torque in a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the rotor-side annular skeleton, near the opening side of the rotor of the rotating mechanism, is also provided with a rotor-side annular coating.

5. The dynamic sealing method for an adjustable frictional torque of a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion ring includes a first hydraulic oil cavity and a second hydraulic oil cavity arranged symmetrically, and a first expansion arc-shaped column and a second expansion arc-shaped column located between the first hydraulic oil cavity and the second hydraulic oil cavity. The first hydraulic oil cavity is provided with a first plunger and a second plunger at both ends, and the second hydraulic oil cavity is provided with a third plunger and a fourth plunger at both ends. The first end of the first plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the first hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the first plunger is connected to the first end of the first expansion arc-shaped column. The first end of the second plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the first hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the second plunger is connected to the first end of the second expansion arc-shaped column; The first end of the third plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the third plunger is connected to the second end of the first expansion arc-shaped column; The first end of the fourth plunger is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil cavity, and the second end of the fourth plunger is connected to the second end of the second expansion arc-shaped column.

6. The dynamic sealing method for an adjustable frictional torque in a rotating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first hydraulic oil chamber and the second hydraulic oil chamber are connected to an external hydraulic oil pump through pipelines.

7. The dynamic sealing method for an adjustable frictional torque in a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lip, the second lip, and the third lip are made of elastic material.

8. A dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, applied to the dynamic sealing method with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The system includes: A definition module is used to define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, wherein the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first and second calibration quantities indicate humidity values. The definition module is also used to define the third standard quantity, the fourth standard quantity, and the fifth standard quantity, wherein the third standard quantity < the fourth standard quantity < the fifth standard quantity, and the third standard quantity, the fourth standard quantity, and the fifth standard quantity indicate the expansion value; The determination module is used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment when the measured values ​​of the four humidity sensors are all ≤ the first calibration value. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are not expanded, the second and third lips are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor. The determination module is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment when the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the first calibration value, in response to the second calibration value being greater than the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value. The first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate. The determination module is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment when the measured values ​​of at least two of the four humidity sensors are greater than the first calibration value, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force of the second and third lips with the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid seepage prevention effect is good. The determination module is also used to determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a heavily humid environment when the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors is greater than the second calibration value. The first lip contacts the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips expand and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value, the second and third lips contact the rotor-side annular frame, the second and third lips have a larger shaft holding force with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is better.

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