A device for monitoring the performance of a fracturing fluid

Abstract

The application discloses a device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid, and is used for prolonging the service life of the device. The device is connected with a sand mixing vehicle and a liquid storage tank on a construction site, and comprises a first power pump, a second power pump, a first tee joint, a second tee joint, a low-speed detection assembly, a high-speed detection assembly and a plurality of pipelines. The liquid storage tank is connected with the first power pump through a pipeline, and the first power pump is used for pumping fracturing base fluid from the liquid storage tank. The sand mixing vehicle is connected with the second power pump through a pipeline, and the second power pump is used for pumping sand-containing liquid from the sand mixing vehicle. The second power pump is connected with the low-speed detection assembly through the first tee joint and the second tee joint, and is used for measuring the density, sand concentration and viscosity of the fracturing fluid under low-speed flow. The first power pump is connected with the high-speed detection assembly through the first tee joint and the second tee joint, and is used for measuring the resistance reduction rate of the fracturing fluid under high-speed flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fracturing operations, and more particularly to a device for diverting and monitoring the performance of fracturing fluids. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of oil and gas extraction technology, fracturing fluid, as a key working medium for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas and tight oil, has a decisive impact on the fracturing operation effect due to its performance monitoring. Fracturing fluid is a fluid composed of base fluid, chemical additives, and proppant. Its rheological properties, sand concentration, and drag reduction rate directly affect the extension effect and conductivity of the fracturing fracture. During fracturing operations, the performance requirements of fracturing fluid vary significantly at different stages, necessitating detailed monitoring of its performance.

[0003] In existing technologies, fracturing fluid performance monitoring generally adopts a design scheme of single pipeline and universal measuring instrument, that is, fluids of all flow rate ranges are detected through the same set of pipelines and measuring devices. When fracturing fluid flows through the measuring device through a single pipeline, the sensor probe in the device measures the fluid velocity through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and simultaneously collects pipeline pressure data. Finally, these data are collected manually to calculate sand concentration and drag reduction rate.

[0004] However, since calculating the drag reduction rate of fracturing fluid requires monitoring data under high-speed fluid conditions, the existing technology uses a single pipeline to simultaneously carry both low-speed and high-speed fluids, which leads to severe wear on the pipeline, valves on the pipeline, and monitoring instruments, thereby reducing their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid through diversion.

[0006] The technical solution provided in this application is described below:

[0007] This application provides a device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid by diversion. The device is connected to a sand mixing truck and a storage tank at the construction site. The device includes: a first power pump, a second power pump, a first tee, a second tee, a low-speed detection component, a high-speed detection component, and several pipelines.

[0008] The storage tank is connected to the first power pump via the pipeline, and the first power pump is used to extract fracturing base fluid from the storage tank.

[0009] The sand mixing truck is connected to the second power pump through the pipeline, and the second power pump is used to extract the sand-containing liquid from the sand mixing truck.

[0010] The second power pump is connected to the low-speed detection component through the first tee and the second tee, and is used to measure the density, sand concentration and viscosity of the fracturing fluid at a low flow rate.

[0011] The first power pump is connected to the high-speed detection component through the first tee and the second tee, and is used to measure the drag reduction rate of the fracturing fluid at high flow rate.

[0012] Optionally, the first tee includes a first inlet, a first bypass port, and a first outlet, and the second tee includes a second inlet, a second bypass port, and a second outlet;

[0013] The first inlet is connected to the second power pump through the pipeline, and the first bypass port is connected to the first power pump through the pipeline, for mixing the sand-containing fluid of the sand mixing truck and the fracturing base fluid of the storage tank into a fracturing fluid sample;

[0014] The first outlet is connected to the second inlet via the pipeline, and is used to deliver the fracturing fluid sample to the second tee for diversion;

[0015] The second bypass port is connected to the low-speed detection component through the pipeline, and is used to transport a portion of the mixed fracturing fluid sample to the low-speed detection component for measurement.

[0016] The second outlet is connected to the high-speed detection component via the pipeline, and is used to transport a portion of the mixed fracturing fluid sample to the high-speed detection component for measurement.

[0017] Optionally, the low-speed detection component includes a proportional valve, a mass flow meter, a viscometer, a first check valve, and a third three-way valve, wherein the third three-way valve includes a third inlet, a third bypass port, and a third outlet.

[0018] The proportional valve includes an inlet regulating valve and an outlet regulating valve. The inlet regulating valve is connected to the second bypass port through the pipeline, and the outlet regulating valve is connected to one end of the mass flow meter through the pipeline. It is used to control the flow rate of the fracturing fluid sample according to a preset ratio and deliver it to the mass flow meter for measurement.

[0019] The other end of the mass flow meter is connected to one end of the viscometer via the pipeline, and is used to transport the fracturing fluid sample after density measurement to the viscometer for measurement.

[0020] The first one-way valve includes a first one-way inlet and a first one-way outlet. The other end of the viscometer is connected to the first one-way inlet through the pipeline. The other end of the first one-way valve is connected to the third inlet through the pipeline. The third outlet is connected to the sand mixing truck through the pipeline, which is used to return the fracturing fluid sample measured by the low-speed detection component to the sand mixing truck.

[0021] The third bypass port is connected to the high-speed detection component via the pipeline and is used to receive the fracturing fluid sample after the high-speed detection component has completed its measurement.

[0022] Optionally, the high-speed detection component includes a reversing valve, a return pipeline, a fourth tee, and a detection device, wherein the fourth tee includes a fourth inlet, a fourth bypass port, and a fourth outlet;

[0023] The reversing valve includes a reversing inlet and two reversing outlets. The reversing inlet is connected to the second outlet through the pipeline. One of the reversing outlets is connected to the fourth inlet through the return pipeline. The fourth outlet is connected to the third bypass port through the pipeline. This is used to directly return the fracturing fluid sample to the sand mixing truck through the third tee when drag reduction measurement is not performed.

[0024] Another reversing outlet of the reversing valve is connected to the detection device via the pipeline, for conveying the fracturing fluid sample to the detection device for measurement.

[0025] Optionally, the detection device includes a fifth three-way valve, a first pressure gauge, a coil, a sixth three-way valve, a second pressure gauge, and a second check valve, wherein the fifth three-way valve includes a fifth inlet, a fifth bypass port, and a fifth outlet, and the sixth three-way valve includes a sixth inlet, a sixth bypass port, and a sixth outlet;

[0026] The fifth inlet is connected to the reversing outlet via the pipeline, and the fifth bypass port is connected to the first pressure gauge for measuring the inlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample.

[0027] The fifth outlet is connected to one end of the coil via the pipeline, and is used to receive the fracturing fluid sample after the inlet pressure has been measured and to simulate a high-pressure flow environment.

[0028] The other end of the coil is connected to the sixth inlet via the pipeline, and the sixth bypass port is connected to the second pressure gauge for measuring the outlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample under high pressure flow conditions.

[0029] The second one-way valve includes a second one-way inlet and a second one-way outlet. The second one-way inlet is connected to the sixth outlet through the pipeline, and the second one-way outlet is connected to the fourth bypass port through the pipeline. It is used to transport the measured fracturing fluid sample to the fourth tee for reflux.

[0030] Optionally, the device further includes a first frequency converter and a second frequency converter;

[0031] The first frequency converter is connected to the first power pump and is used to control the flow rate of the fracturing base fluid drawn by the first power pump from the storage tank;

[0032] The second frequency converter is connected to the second power pump and is used to control the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid pumped by the second power pump from the sand mixing vehicle.

[0033] Optionally, the device further includes a second monitoring flow meter, which is connected to the storage tank via the pipeline, for monitoring the flow rate and density of the fracturing base fluid.

[0034] Optionally, the sand mixing vehicle includes a third power pump, a first monitoring flow meter, and a mixing tank, wherein the mixing tank includes a first output port, a second output port, a first input port, and a second input port;

[0035] The first inlet is connected to the storage tank via the pipeline, and is used to transport the fracturing base fluid to the blending tank;

[0036] The second inlet is connected to the third outlet via the pipeline and is used to receive the fracturing fluid sample that has been tested and returned.

[0037] The first output port is connected to one end of the third power pump through the pipeline, and the other end of the third power pump is connected to the first monitoring flow meter through the pipeline. The first monitoring flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid.

[0038] The second output port is connected to the second power pump through the pipeline.

[0039] Optionally, the device further includes a control unit, which is a PLC;

[0040] The PLC is connected to the high-speed detection component and the low-speed detection component, and is used to receive measurement data and send control signals.

[0041] The PLC is connected to the first power pump via the first frequency converter and is used to control the first power pump;

[0042] The PLC is connected to the second power pump via the second frequency converter and is used to control the second power pump;

[0043] The PLC is connected to the first monitoring flow meter and is used to receive the monitored flow rate of the sand-containing liquid;

[0044] The PLC is connected to the second monitoring flow meter and is used to receive the flow rate and density of the fracturing base fluid being monitored.

[0045] Optionally, the drag reduction ratio is calculated using the following formula:

[0046] T = (F - (F1 - F2)) / F;

[0047] Wherein, T represents the drag reduction ratio, F represents the pressure difference of clean water passing through the coil, F1 represents the inlet pressure, and F2 represents the outlet pressure.

[0048] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this application has the following advantages:

[0049] First, independent delivery channels for fracturing base fluid and sand-laden fluid are established using a first power pump and a second power pump, respectively. Then, the fracturing base fluid and sand-laden fluid are mixed into a fracturing fluid sample via a first tee. The sample is then directed through a second tee to a low-speed detection unit and a high-speed detection unit for targeted testing. The low-speed detection unit is dedicated to measuring parameters such as density, viscosity, and calculated sand concentration under low-speed conditions, while the high-speed detection unit is dedicated to simulating high-speed conditions and measuring parameters for calculated drag reduction. This split-flow detection method avoids using a single pipeline to simultaneously carry both low-speed and high-speed fracturing fluid samples, significantly reducing wear on the pipeline caused by sand particles in the fracturing fluid sample, thereby extending the equipment's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid provided in this application;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a control device in an apparatus for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and other terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to describe the relative positional relationship between the components or parts and do not specifically limit the specific installation orientation of each component or part.

[0054] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0056] Furthermore, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., drawn in the accompanying drawings of this application are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification to the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this application can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application.

[0057] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Fracturing fluid is a crucial fluid in oil and gas extraction. Its principle is to inject it into the formation under high pressure, causing fractures to form and open up the rock layers, providing a flow channel for oil and gas. It primarily operates downhole in oil and gas wells, forcefully injected using fracturing equipment. It needs to possess several important properties, such as suitable viscosity to carry proppant into the fractures and distribute it evenly; low damage to minimize adverse effects on the formation and formation fluids; and high stability to maintain stable performance under the complex temperature and pressure conditions downhole, ensuring smooth extraction operations.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid by diversion, which is connected to a sand mixing truck 01 and a storage tank 02 at the construction site. The device includes:

[0060] First power pump 03, second power pump 04, first tee 05, second tee 06, low-speed detection component 28, high-speed detection component 29, and several pipelines;

[0061] The storage tank 02 is connected to the first power pump 03 via a pipeline. The first power pump 03 is used to extract the fracturing base fluid from the storage tank 02.

[0062] The sand mixing truck 01 is connected to the second power pump 04 via a pipeline. The second power pump 04 is used to extract the sand-containing liquid from the sand mixing truck 01.

[0063] The second power pump 04 is connected to the low-speed detection component 28 via the first tee 05 and the second tee 06, and is used to measure the density, sand concentration and viscosity of fracturing fluid at low flow rates.

[0064] The first power pump 03 is connected to the high-speed detection component 29 via the first tee 05 and the second tee 06, and is used to measure the drag reduction rate of fracturing fluid at high flow rates.

[0065] The components of a device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid according to this application are described as follows:

[0066] First Power Pump 03: The first power pump 03 is the main component in the equipment for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid, which delivers the fracturing base fluid from the storage tank 02. It is connected to the outlet of the storage tank 02 via a pipeline. The first power pump 03 is made of corrosion-resistant material, enabling stable delivery of the fracturing base fluid from the storage tank 02. The flow rate of the fracturing base fluid can be adjusted according to different needs. Simultaneously, the first power pump 03 is connected to the low-speed detection component 28 and the high-speed detection component 29 via the first tee 05 and the second tee 06, providing fracturing base fluid samples to the subsequent low-speed and high-speed detection components 28 and 29.

[0067] Second Power Pump 04: The second power pump 04 is the main component in the equipment for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid, used to transport the sand-containing fluid from the sand-mixing truck 01. It is connected to the sand-mixing truck 01 via pipeline. The second power pump 04 is also made of corrosion-resistant material, enabling it to stably transport the sand-containing fluid from the sand-mixing truck 01. The flow rate of the sand-containing fluid can be adjusted according to different needs. Simultaneously, the second power pump 04 is connected to the low-speed detection component 28 and the high-speed detection component 29 via the first three-way valve 05 and the second three-way valve 06, providing sand-containing fluid samples to the subsequent low-speed and high-speed detection components 28 and 29.

[0068] First Three-Way Connector 05: The first three-way connector 05 is located between the first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04, and is made of high-strength, wear-resistant material. The first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04 transmit the sand-laden fluid and fracturing base fluid to the first three-way connector 05 via pipelines for mixing. After mixing, a fracturing fluid sample is obtained. The internal flow channels of the first three-way connector 05 are optimized to reduce resistance and prevent sand deposition, ensuring that the sand-laden fluid and fracturing base fluid are mixed in the required proportions.

[0069] Second Three-Way Connector 06: Made of high-strength, wear-resistant material, the second three-way connector 06 is located below the first three-way connector 05 and connected to the low-speed detection component 28 and the high-speed detection component 29 via pipelines. After the first three-way connector 05 mixes the sand-laden fluid and fracturing base fluid to form a fracturing fluid sample, the fracturing fluid sample is accurately diverted to the low-speed detection component 28 and the high-speed detection component 29. Similarly, the internal flow channels of the second three-way connector 06 are optimized to reduce resistance and prevent sand particle deposition.

[0070] Low-speed detection component 28: The low-speed detection component 28 is one of the important detection components in the equipment for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid. It is mainly used to measure parameters such as fracturing fluid density, viscosity, and sand concentration. It is connected to the second tee 06 via pipeline to receive fracturing fluid samples diverted by the second tee 06.

[0071] High-speed detection component 29: The high-speed detection component 29 is one of the important detection components in the equipment for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid by diversion. It is mainly used to measure the calculation parameters of the drag reduction rate of the fracturing fluid. It is connected to the second three-way valve 06 through a pipeline to receive the fracturing fluid sample diverted by the second three-way valve 06.

[0072] In practical applications, the storage tank 02 is first connected to the first power pump 03 via pipeline to deliver fracturing base fluid; the sand mixing truck 01 is connected to the second power pump 04 via pipeline to deliver sand-laden fluid. The first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04 control the delivery of fracturing base fluid and sand-laden fluid respectively, ensuring stable flow and pressure of the two liquids, avoiding mutual interference, and improving detection accuracy. Subsequently, since both the first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04 are connected to the first three-way valve 05, the sand-laden fluid and fracturing base fluid are mixed through the first three-way valve 05 to form a fracturing fluid sample. The mixed fracturing fluid sample is split through the second three-way valve 06, one path connecting to the low-speed detection component 28 to measure the density, viscosity, and parameters used to calculate sand concentration of the fracturing fluid sample at low flow rates; the other path connecting to the high-speed detection component 29 to measure and calculate the drag reduction parameter of the fracturing fluid under simulated high flow rates. The combination of low-speed detection component 28 and high-speed detection component 29 to test fracturing fluid samples can comprehensively evaluate the performance of fracturing fluid and ensure that the quality and condition of fracturing fluid samples are close to actual operating conditions during the testing process.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the first tee 05 includes a first inlet, a first bypass port, and a first outlet, and the second tee 06 includes a second inlet, a second bypass port, and a second outlet;

[0074] The first inlet is connected to the second power pump 04 via a pipeline, and the first bypass port is connected to the first power pump 03 via a pipeline, which is used to mix the sand-containing fluid in the sand mixing truck 01 and the fracturing base fluid in the storage tank 02 into a fracturing fluid sample.

[0075] The first outlet is connected to the second inlet via a pipeline, which is used to deliver fracturing fluid samples to the second tee 06 for diversion;

[0076] The second bypass port is connected to the low-speed detection component 28 via a pipeline, and is used to transport a portion of the mixed fracturing fluid sample to the low-speed detection component 28 for measurement.

[0077] The second outlet is connected to the high-speed detection component 29 via a pipeline, which is used to transport a portion of the mixed fracturing fluid sample to the high-speed detection component 29 for measurement.

[0078] In this embodiment, a first three-way valve 05 and a second three-way valve 06 are provided. The first three-way valve 05 includes a first inlet, a first bypass port, and a first outlet. The second three-way valve 06 includes a second inlet, a second bypass port, and a second outlet. When the second power pump 04 delivers sand-laden fluid from the sand-mixing vehicle 01 to the first three-way valve 05 through the first inlet, and simultaneously the first power pump 03 delivers fracturing base fluid from the storage tank 02 to the first three-way valve 05 through the first bypass port, the sand-laden fluid and the fracturing base fluid are fully mixed in the first three-way valve 05 to form a uniform fracturing fluid sample. The mixed fracturing fluid sample is delivered through the first outlet to the second inlet of the second three-way valve 06. Within the second three-way valve 06, the fracturing fluid sample is divided: a portion enters the low-speed detection component 28 through the second bypass port, where it measures the density, viscosity, and sand concentration parameters of this portion; the other portion enters the high-speed detection component 29 through the second outlet to accurately determine the dynamic drag reduction performance parameters of the fracturing fluid. These parameters allow for the calculation of the drag reduction rate of the fracturing fluid sample. This implementation uses a double three-way valve series structure to achieve mixing and diversion of the fracturing fluid sample. The first three-way valve 05 ensures uniform mixing of the base fluid and the sand-bearing fluid, while the second three-way valve 06 achieves precise distribution of the fracturing fluid sample flow rate.

[0079] In an optional embodiment, the low-speed detection component 28 includes a proportional valve 07, a mass flow meter 08, a viscometer 09, a first check valve 10, and a third three-way valve 11, wherein the third three-way valve 11 includes a third inlet, a third bypass port, and a third outlet.

[0080] The proportional valve 07 includes an inlet regulating valve and an outlet regulating valve. The inlet regulating valve is connected to the second bypass port through a pipeline, and the outlet regulating valve is connected to one end of the mass flow meter 08 through a pipeline. It is used to control the flow rate of the fracturing fluid sample according to a preset ratio and deliver it to the mass flow meter 08 for measurement.

[0081] The other end of the mass flow meter 08 is connected to one end of the viscometer 09 via a pipeline, which is used to transport the fracturing fluid sample whose density has been measured to the viscometer 09 for measurement.

[0082] The first one-way valve 10 includes a first one-way inlet and a first one-way outlet. The other end of the viscometer 09 is connected to the first one-way inlet via a pipeline. The other end of the first one-way valve 10 is connected to the third inlet via a pipeline. The third outlet is connected to the sand mixing truck 01 via a pipeline. It is used to return the fracturing fluid sample measured by the low-speed detection component 28 to the sand mixing truck 01.

[0083] The third bypass port is connected to the high-speed detection component 29 via a pipeline and is used to receive fracturing fluid samples after the high-speed detection component 29 has completed its measurement.

[0084] This embodiment provides an implementation of a low-speed detection component 28, which includes a proportional valve 07, a mass flow meter 08, a viscometer 09, a first check valve 10, and a third three-way valve 11. The third three-way valve 11 includes a third inlet, a third bypass port, and a third outlet. When a fracturing fluid sample enters the low-speed detection component 28 from the second bypass port of the second three-way valve 06, the flow rate is first regulated by the inlet regulating valve of the proportional valve 07, and then precisely controlled by the outlet regulating valve before being delivered to the mass flow meter 08 for density measurement. After density measurement, the fracturing fluid sample continues to flow to the viscometer 09 for viscosity measurement. Subsequently, it enters the third inlet of the third three-way valve 11 through the directional flow characteristics of the first check valve 10, and finally flows back to the sand mixing truck 01 through the third outlet for recycling. Simultaneously, the third bypass port of the third three-way valve 11 is also connected to a high-speed detection component 29 to receive the fracturing fluid sample after monitoring by the high-speed detection component 29, achieving unified recycling of the tested fracturing fluid.

[0085] The bidirectional adjustment design of the proportional valve 07 enables precise control of the fracturing fluid sample flow rate, ensuring a stable flow rate required for testing while avoiding the impact of flow fluctuations on measurement accuracy. The combined design of the first one-way valve 10 and the third three-way valve 11 ensures the directional reflux of the fracturing fluid sample after testing. The tested fracturing fluid sample is then recycled back into the sand mixing truck 01, which not only conforms to environmental protection principles but also reduces operating costs, and can be used for continuous testing needs in fracturing operations of various scales.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, the high-speed detection component 29 includes a reversing valve 12, a return line, a fourth tee 13, and a detection device 30, wherein the fourth tee 13 includes a fourth inlet, a fourth bypass port, and a fourth outlet.

[0087] The reversing valve 12 includes a reversing inlet and two reversing outlets. The reversing inlet is connected to the second outlet via a pipeline. One of the reversing outlets is connected to the fourth inlet via a return pipeline. The fourth outlet is connected to the third bypass port via a pipeline. It is used to directly return the fracturing fluid sample to the sand mixing truck 01 through the third tee 11 when no drag reduction measurement is performed.

[0088] Another reversing outlet of the reversing valve 12 is connected to the detection device 30 via a pipeline, which is used to deliver fracturing fluid samples to the detection device 30 for measurement.

[0089] This embodiment provides an implementation of a high-speed detection component 29, which includes a reversing valve 12, a return pipeline, a fourth three-way valve 13, and a detection device 30. The fourth three-way valve 13 includes a fourth inlet, a fourth bypass port, and a fourth outlet. When a fracturing fluid sample enters the high-speed detection component 29 from the second outlet of the second three-way valve 06, the flow direction is first controlled by the reversing inlet of the reversing valve 12: when drag reduction measurement is required, the fracturing fluid sample enters the detection device 30 for measurement through one of the reversing outlets; when no measurement is required, it is transported through the other reversing outlet to the fourth inlet of the fourth three-way valve 13 via the return pipeline, and finally returns to the sand mixing truck 01 through the fourth outlet and the third bypass port of the third three-way valve 11.

[0090] The two reversing outlets of the reversing valve 12 enable flexible switching between detection and reflux modes. This allows for selection of either measurement or direct reflux operation based on actual needs, satisfying both the professional measurement requirements for drag reduction testing and providing a rapid reflux channel in non-detection states, thus improving the equipment's flexibility. Simultaneously, the connection between the fourth outlet and the third bypass port establishes a complete reflux path for the high-speed detection component 29, enabling both untested and monitored fracturing fluid samples to quickly return to the sand mixing truck 01, further preventing waste of fracturing fluid samples.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the detection device 30 includes a fifth three-way valve 14, a first pressure gauge 15, a coil 16, a sixth three-way valve 17, a second pressure gauge 18, and a second check valve 19, wherein the fifth three-way valve 14 includes a fifth inlet, a fifth bypass port, and a fifth outlet, and the sixth three-way valve 17 includes a sixth inlet, a sixth bypass port, and a sixth outlet.

[0092] The fifth inlet is connected to the reversing outlet via a pipeline, and the fifth bypass port is connected to the first pressure gauge 15 to measure the inlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample.

[0093] The fifth outlet is connected to one end of the coil 16 via a pipeline to receive fracturing fluid samples after the inlet pressure has been measured and to simulate a high-pressure flow environment;

[0094] The other end of the coil 16 is connected to the sixth inlet via a pipeline, and the sixth bypass port is connected to the second pressure gauge 18, which is used to measure the outlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample under high pressure flow conditions.

[0095] The second one-way valve 19 includes a second one-way inlet and a second one-way outlet. The second one-way inlet is connected to the sixth outlet via a pipeline, and the second one-way outlet is connected to the fourth bypass port via a pipeline. It is used to transport the measured fracturing fluid sample to the fourth tee 13 for reflux.

[0096] In this embodiment, a detection device 30 is provided, comprising a fifth three-way valve 14, a first pressure gauge 15, a coil 16, a sixth three-way valve 17, a second pressure gauge 18, and a second one-way valve 19. The fifth three-way valve 14 includes a fifth inlet, a fifth bypass port, and a fifth outlet; the sixth three-way valve 17 includes a sixth inlet, a sixth bypass port, and a sixth outlet. When a fracturing fluid sample enters the detection device 30 from the reversing outlet of the reversing valve 12, it first enters the fifth three-way valve 14 through the fifth inlet, and then enters the first pressure gauge 15 through the fifth bypass port to measure the inlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample. After measurement, it then enters the coil 16 through the fifth outlet to simulate the fracturing fluid sample in a high-pressure flow environment. Subsequently, the fracturing fluid sample in the high-pressure flow environment enters the sixth three-way valve 17 through the sixth inlet via the coil 16, and then enters the second pressure gauge 18 through the sixth bypass port to measure the outlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample in the high-pressure flow environment. Finally, the tested fracturing fluid sample is introduced into the second one-way valve 19 through the second one-way inlet, and then flows through the second one-way outlet to the fourth bypass port of the fourth three-way valve 13 to achieve the reflux of the fracturing fluid sample.

[0097] The entire testing process of the testing device 30 employs a combination of the fifth three-way valve 14 and the sixth three-way valve 17, along with the first pressure gauge 15 and the second pressure gauge 18. This allows for precise measurement of the inlet and outlet pressures of the fracturing fluid sample, providing data support for calculating the drag reduction rate of the fracturing fluid sample. After measuring the inlet pressure, the fracturing fluid sample is passed through the coil 16 to simulate the high-pressure flow environment of actual fracturing operations, making the measurement data more valuable for practical engineering reference and improving the accuracy of the drag reduction rate calculation. Finally, all tested fracturing fluid samples are refluxed through the unidirectional flow of the second one-way valve 19, ensuring the orderly recovery of the tested fracturing fluid samples.

[0098] The drag reduction ratio is calculated using the following formula:

[0099] T = (F - (F1 - F2)) / F;

[0100] Where T represents the drag reduction rate, F represents the pressure difference of clean water passing through coil 16, F1 represents the inlet pressure, and F2 represents the outlet pressure.

[0101] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes a first frequency converter 20 and a second frequency converter 21;

[0102] The first frequency converter 20 is connected to the first power pump 03 and is used to control the flow rate of the fracturing base fluid drawn by the first power pump 03 from the storage tank 02.

[0103] The second frequency converter 21 is connected to the second power pump 04 and is used to control the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid pumped by the second power pump 04 from the sand mixing truck 01.

[0104] In this embodiment, a first frequency converter 20 and a second frequency converter 21 are provided. The first frequency converter 20 is connected to the first power pump 03, and the second frequency converter 21 is connected to the second power pump 04. When the equipment is running, the first frequency converter 20 precisely controls the flow rate of fracturing base fluid drawn from the storage tank 02 by adjusting the motor speed of the first power pump 03; simultaneously, the second frequency converter 21 precisely controls the flow rate of sand-containing fluid drawn from the sand mixing truck 01 by adjusting the motor speed of the second power pump 04.

[0105] In practical applications, the first frequency converter 20 and the second frequency converter 21 work together to independently adjust the ratio of the fracturing base fluid and the sand-containing fluid according to the actual working conditions, ensuring that the mixing ratio of the fracturing fluid sample is always kept within the preset range, thereby improving the uniformity of the fracturing fluid sample.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes a second monitoring flow meter 25, which is connected to the storage tank 02 via a pipeline, for monitoring the flow rate and density of the fracturing base fluid.

[0107] In this embodiment, a second monitoring flow meter 25 is provided, which is connected to the storage tank 02 via a pipeline. When the equipment is started, the second monitoring flow meter 25 monitors the flow rate of the fracturing base fluid output from the storage tank 02 to the first power pump 03, and monitors the density of the fracturing base fluid, providing a data basis for calculating the sand concentration.

[0108] The sand concentration is calculated using the following formula:

[0109] S = (1 - P1 / P) / (P2 - P1) * P2 * P;

[0110] Where S represents sand concentration, P represents the density of the fracturing fluid sample, P1 represents the density of the fracturing base fluid, and P2 represents the density of the sand-containing fluid known based on actual conditions.

[0111] In an optional embodiment, the sand mixing truck 01 includes a third power pump 22, a first monitoring flow meter 23, and a mixing tank 24, wherein the mixing tank 24 includes a first output port, a second output port, a first input port, and a second input port;

[0112] The first inlet is connected to the storage tank 02 via a pipeline and is used to transport the fracturing base fluid to the blending tank 24;

[0113] The second inlet is connected to the third outlet via a pipeline to receive the fracturing fluid sample that has been tested and returned.

[0114] The first output port is connected to one end of the third power pump 22 via a pipeline, and the other end of the third power pump 22 is connected to the first monitoring flow meter 23 via a pipeline. The first monitoring flow meter 23 is used to monitor the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid.

[0115] The second output port is connected to the second power pump 04 via a pipeline.

[0116] This embodiment provides an implementation of a sand-mixing vehicle 01, which includes a third power pump 22, a first monitoring flow meter 23, and a mixing tank 24. The mixing tank 24 is provided with a first output port, a second output port, a first input port, and a second input port. When the equipment is running, fracturing base fluid is transported from the storage tank 02 to the mixing tank 24 through the first input port. After mixing is completed in the mixing tank 24, the sand-containing fluid is transported through the first output port to the first monitoring flow meter 23 via the third power pump 22 for sand-containing fluid flow monitoring. Simultaneously, another portion of the sand-containing fluid is transported through the second output port to the second power pump 04. After all tests are completed, the fracturing fluid sample will be returned to the mixing tank 24 through the second input port.

[0117] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes a control unit, which is a PLC31;

[0118] PLC31 is connected to high-speed detection component 29 and low-speed detection component 28 to receive measurement data and send control signals.

[0119] PLC31 is connected to the first power pump 03 via the first frequency converter 20 and is used to control the first power pump 03;

[0120] PLC31 is connected to the second power pump 04 via the second frequency converter 21 and is used to control the second power pump 04.

[0121] PLC31 is connected to the first monitoring flow meter 23 to receive the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid being monitored;

[0122] PLC31 is connected to the second monitoring flow meter 25 to receive the flow rate and density of the monitored fracturing base fluid.

[0123] This embodiment provides an implementation of a control device, which is a PLC31. The PLC31 (Programmable Logic Controller) is a digital operating system specifically designed for industrial environments, featuring high reliability, strong anti-interference capabilities, simple programming, and convenient maintenance. When it is necessary to control and acquire the measurement data of the high-speed detection component 29, low-speed detection component 28, first power pump 03, second power pump 04, first monitoring flow meter 23, and second monitoring flow meter 25, the high-speed detection component 29, low-speed detection component 28, first power pump 03, second power pump 04, first monitoring flow meter 23, and second monitoring flow meter 25 are respectively connected to the PLC31, and their respective measurement data are then transmitted to the PLC31.

[0124] When further control of the first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04 is required, PLC 31 sends control signals to both power pumps. These signals are first connected to the first power pump 03 via the first frequency converter 20, and then connected to the second power pump 04 via the second frequency converter 21, thus achieving control of both pumps. After receiving the flow rates of the sand-containing fluid and fracturing base fluid from the first monitoring flow meter 23 and the second monitoring flow meter 25, PLC 31 calculates the flow ratio of the sand-containing fluid to the fracturing base fluid based on these figures.

[0125] Because the high-speed detection component 29, low-speed detection component 28, first power pump 03, second power pump 04, first monitoring flow meter 23, and second monitoring flow meter 25 are each directly connected to the PLC 31 to transmit data, this one-to-one connection method reduces interference and errors during data transmission. This allows the PLC 31 to accurately acquire data from the high-speed detection component 29, low-speed detection component 28, first power pump 03, second power pump 04, first monitoring flow meter 23, and second monitoring flow meter 25, providing accurate basis for subsequent analysis and control decisions. When controlling the first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04, the control signal issued by the PLC 31 is transmitted through the first frequency converter 20 and the second frequency converter 21. The first frequency converter 20 and the second frequency converter 21 can accurately transmit the control signal from the PLC 31 to the first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04, enabling the first power pump 03 and the second power pump 04 to accurately receive the control signal and execute the corresponding operation, thereby achieving precise control.

[0126] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the performance of fracturing fluid by diversion, characterized in that, The equipment is connected to the sand mixing truck and liquid storage tank at the construction site. The equipment includes: a first power pump, a second power pump, a first tee, a second tee, a low-speed detection component, a high-speed detection component, and several pipelines. The storage tank is connected to the first power pump via the pipeline, and the first power pump is used to extract fracturing base fluid from the storage tank. The sand mixing truck is connected to the second power pump through the pipeline, and the second power pump is used to extract the sand-containing liquid from the sand mixing truck. The second power pump is connected to the low-speed detection component through the first tee and the second tee, and is used to measure the density, sand concentration and viscosity of the fracturing fluid at a low flow rate. The first power pump is connected to the high-speed detection component through the first tee and the second tee, and is used to measure the drag reduction rate of the fracturing fluid at high flow rate; The first three-way valve includes a first inlet, a first bypass port, and a first outlet; the second three-way valve includes a second inlet, a second bypass port, and a second outlet. The first inlet is connected to the second power pump through the pipeline, and the first bypass port is connected to the first power pump through the pipeline, for mixing the sand-containing fluid of the sand mixing truck and the fracturing base fluid of the storage tank into a fracturing fluid sample; The first outlet is connected to the second inlet via the pipeline, and is used to deliver the fracturing fluid sample to the second tee for diversion; The second bypass port is connected to the low-speed detection component through the pipeline, and is used to transport a portion of the mixed fracturing fluid sample to the low-speed detection component for measurement. The second outlet is connected to the high-speed detection component via the pipeline, and is used to transport a portion of the mixed fracturing fluid sample to the high-speed detection component for measurement; The equipment also includes a first frequency converter and a second frequency converter; The first frequency converter is connected to the first power pump and is used to control the flow rate of the fracturing base fluid drawn by the first power pump from the storage tank; The second frequency converter is connected to the second power pump and is used to control the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid pumped by the second power pump from the sand mixing vehicle.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-speed detection component includes a proportional valve, a mass flow meter, a viscometer, a first check valve, and a third three-way valve, wherein the third three-way valve includes a third inlet, a third bypass port, and a third outlet. The proportional valve includes an inlet regulating valve and an outlet regulating valve. The inlet regulating valve is connected to the second bypass port through the pipeline, and the outlet regulating valve is connected to one end of the mass flow meter through the pipeline. It is used to control the flow rate of the fracturing fluid sample according to a preset ratio and deliver it to the mass flow meter for measurement. The other end of the mass flow meter is connected to one end of the viscometer via the pipeline, and is used to transport the fracturing fluid sample after density measurement to the viscometer for measurement. The first one-way valve includes a first one-way inlet and a first one-way outlet. The other end of the viscometer is connected to the first one-way inlet through the pipeline. The other end of the first one-way valve is connected to the third inlet through the pipeline. The third outlet is connected to the sand mixing truck through the pipeline, which is used to return the fracturing fluid sample measured by the low-speed detection component to the sand mixing truck. The third bypass port is connected to the high-speed detection component via the pipeline and is used to receive the fracturing fluid sample after the high-speed detection component has completed its measurement.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-speed detection component includes a reversing valve, a return pipeline, a fourth three-way valve, and a detection device, wherein the fourth three-way valve includes a fourth inlet, a fourth bypass port, and a fourth outlet. The reversing valve includes a reversing inlet and two reversing outlets. The reversing inlet is connected to the second outlet through the pipeline. One of the reversing outlets is connected to the fourth inlet through the return pipeline. The fourth outlet is connected to the third bypass port through the pipeline. This is used to directly return the fracturing fluid sample to the sand mixing truck through the third tee when drag reduction measurement is not performed. Another reversing outlet of the reversing valve is connected to the detection device via the pipeline, for conveying the fracturing fluid sample to the detection device for measurement.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection device includes a fifth three-way valve, a first pressure gauge, a coil, a sixth three-way valve, a second pressure gauge, and a second one-way valve. The fifth three-way valve includes a fifth inlet, a fifth bypass port, and a fifth outlet. The sixth three-way valve includes a sixth inlet, a sixth bypass port, and a sixth outlet. The fifth inlet is connected to the reversing outlet via the pipeline, and the fifth bypass port is connected to the first pressure gauge for measuring the inlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample. The fifth outlet is connected to one end of the coil via the pipeline, and is used to receive the fracturing fluid sample after the inlet pressure has been measured and to simulate a high-pressure flow environment. The other end of the coil is connected to the sixth inlet via the pipeline, and the sixth bypass port is connected to the second pressure gauge for measuring the outlet pressure of the fracturing fluid sample under high pressure flow conditions. The second one-way valve includes a second one-way inlet and a second one-way outlet. The second one-way inlet is connected to the sixth outlet through the pipeline, and the second one-way outlet is connected to the fourth bypass port through the pipeline. It is used to transport the measured fracturing fluid sample to the fourth tee for reflux.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The device also includes a second monitoring flow meter, which is connected to the storage tank via the pipeline, for monitoring the flow rate and density of the fracturing base fluid.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sand mixing vehicle includes a third power pump, a first monitoring flow meter, and a mixing tank, wherein the mixing tank includes a first output port, a second output port, a first input port, and a second input port; The first inlet is connected to the storage tank via the pipeline, and is used to transport the fracturing base fluid to the blending tank; The second inlet is connected to the third outlet via the pipeline and is used to receive the fracturing fluid sample that has been tested and returned. The first output port is connected to one end of the third power pump through the pipeline, and the other end of the third power pump is connected to the first monitoring flow meter through the pipeline. The first monitoring flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of the sand-containing liquid. The second output port is connected to the second power pump through the pipeline.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The equipment also includes a control device, which is a PLC; The PLC is connected to the high-speed detection component and the low-speed detection component, and is used to receive measurement data and send control signals. The PLC is connected to the first power pump via the first frequency converter and is used to control the first power pump; The PLC is connected to the second power pump via the second frequency converter and is used to control the second power pump; The PLC is connected to the first monitoring flow meter and is used to receive the monitored flow rate of the sand-containing liquid; The PLC is connected to the second monitoring flow meter and is used to receive the flow rate and density of the fracturing base fluid being monitored.

8. The device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The drag reduction ratio is calculated using the following formula: ； in, This indicates the drag reduction ratio. This indicates the pressure difference of the clean water passing through the coil. This indicates the inlet pressure. This indicates the export pressure.

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