An ultrasonic detection reflection signal positioning ruler and positioning method

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrasonic detection reflection signal positioning ruler and positioning method, which comprises an angle ruler (5), a straight ruler (6), a longitudinal slide ruler (7), a transverse slide ruler (8) and a multifunctional ruler (11). The angle ruler is marked with angle scale lines, and is provided with an angle ruler measuring edge and an angle ruler diameter edge in parallel. The straight ruler comprises a straight ruler slide rod and a straight ruler measuring frame. The straight ruler slide rod is hinged to the angle ruler, and is provided with angle indicating lines for indicating oblique angle and horizontal scale lines for indicating the horizontal distance from the front end surface of the probe to the inner side surface of the wing plate. The straight ruler measuring frame is provided with a straight ruler measuring edge in parallel with the straight ruler slide rod. The longitudinal slide ruler is slidingly installed on the straight ruler slide rod, and the transverse slide ruler is slidingly installed on the longitudinal slide ruler. The multifunctional ruler is independently provided and comprises an oblique straight ruler and a square straight ruler which are hinged together. The application can accurately position the horizontal distance of the reflection signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to ultrasonic testing of bevel welds, specifically to an ultrasonic testing reflection signal positioning ruler and positioning method. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic testing is widely used in modern industry and production due to its advantages such as high sensitivity, mature technology, low cost, and ease of operation. Currently, ultrasonic testing is performed using an ultrasonic flaw detector, whose reflected signal position can be directly read. After reading the reflected signal position on the ultrasonic flaw detector, a ruler is used to measure the corresponding dimensions on the weld surface to determine the actual reflection position of the reflected signal on the weld. This allows for accurate analysis and judgment of the reflected signal. Therefore, accurate measurement and positioning of the reflected signal position is crucial for the accurate evaluation of ultrasonic testing results.

[0003] When using ultrasonic testing to inspect butt welds and right-angle fillet welds, the horizontal position of the reflected signal can be determined by measuring it on the weld surface with a ruler. However, in the inspection of beveled fillet welds, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the web 2 and flange 1 are not perpendicular, and their included angle is generally between 50° and 130°. When ultrasonically inspecting the weld, the probe 4 (the probe used in this paper is an angled probe) is placed on the left side 2-1 and the right side 2-2 of the web for scanning and inspection. When the probe 4 is placed on the right side 2-2 of the web, normal structures such as the protrusions 1-3 generated during welding on the outer side 1-1 of the flange produce reflected signals. The horizontal position of the reflected signals measured on the surface of weld 3 is within the range of weld 3, and it is easy to misjudge normal reflected signals as defect reflected signals. When the probe 4 is placed on the left side 2-1 of the web, weld defects 3-2 and flange base material defects 1-4 produce reflected signals. The horizontal position of the reflected signals measured on the surface of weld 3 significantly exceeds the weld flange fusion surface 3-3, and it is easy to misjudge the reflected signals of weld defects 3-2 and flange base material defects 1-4 as normal structural reflected signals. For defect 21-5 in the flange base material, whether the probe 4 is placed on the left side 2-1 or the right side 2-2 of the web to detect the weld, the horizontal position of the reflected signal is significantly beyond the weld flange fusion surface 3-3, which is easily misjudged as a normal reflected signal.

[0004] In actual testing, because flange 1 and web 2 are not perpendicular, the thickness of the flange 1 base material along the web surface is always greater than the thickness of the flange 1 base material, and this thickness varies with the angle between flange 1 and web 2. Furthermore, the angle between the left side surface 2-1 of the web and the inner side surface 1-2 of the flange is acute. When measuring the horizontal distance of the reflected signal using a standard ruler, interference occurs with flange 1, making it impossible to measure the horizontal distance from the probe tip surface 4-1 to the inner side surface 1-2 of the flange. The horizontal position of the reflected signal can only be roughly estimated, and the positions of the weld flange fusion surface 3-3 and the outer side surface 1-1 of the flange, as well as the deviation value and direction of the horizontal position of the reflected signal relative to the weld flange fusion surface 3-3 and the outer side surface 1-1 of the flange, cannot be accurately determined. This leads to misjudgments during ultrasonic testing of angled fillet welds, resulting in unnecessary rework waste and product damage, and even quality and safety risks.

[0005] Therefore, how to accurately measure and quickly locate the horizontal position of the ultrasonic reflection signal of the bevel fillet weld is a major challenge in the existing ultrasonic testing technology of bevel fillet welds. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the horizontal position of the reflected signal cannot be accurately measured during ultrasonic testing of bevel fillet welds. One of the objectives of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic testing reflected signal positioning ruler and positioning method to achieve accurate measurement of the angle between the flange and web of the bevel fillet weld and accurate determination of the horizontal position of the reflected signal of the bevel fillet weld, thereby improving testing efficiency and accuracy of test results, preventing misjudgment, and effectively ensuring product quality.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic detection reflection signal positioning ruler and positioning method that can accurately measure the height of beveled fillet welds.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic wave detection reflection signal positioning ruler and positioning method that can quickly and accurately determine the positional deviation value and direction of the reflected signal relative to the fusion surface of the weld flange and the outer surface of the flange.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] An ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler includes an angle ruler, a straight ruler, a longitudinal sliding ruler, a transverse sliding ruler, and a multi-functional ruler. Its structural features are as follows:

[0011] The angle ruler has angle scale lines marked on its front side. The center point of the angle scale lines is rotatably mounted with a hinge shaft. The angle ruler has a measuring edge and a diameter edge for simulating the inner side of the wingplate, which are arranged parallel to each other. The angle ruler has a wingplate depth scale line arranged along the direction perpendicular to the diameter edge of the angle ruler. The diameter edge of the angle ruler and the 0 mark of the wingplate depth scale line pass through the center point of the angle scale line.

[0012] The ruler includes a ruler slide and a ruler measuring frame. The ruler slide is hinged to the angle ruler through the hinge shaft. The side of the ruler slide facing the angle ruler is provided with an angle indicator line and a horizontal scale line. The angle indicator line and the angle scale line cooperate to indicate the oblique angle between the inner side of the wing plate and the left side or right side of the web plate. The horizontal scale line is used to indicate the horizontal distance from the front end of the probe to the inner side of the wing plate.

[0013] The ruler measuring frame is provided with a ruler measuring edge, which is set parallel to the ruler sliding rod.

[0014] The longitudinal slide bar is slidably mounted on the ruler slide rod, and the transverse slide bar is slidably mounted on the longitudinal slide bar. The longitudinal slide bar has a horizontal indicator line and a probe height scale line. The horizontal indicator line and the horizontal scale line cooperate to indicate the horizontal distance from the probe's front end face to the inner side of the wing plate. The probe height scale line indicates the probe's height, and its zero point is located on the center line of the ruler slide rod's width direction. The transverse slide bar has a depth scale line and a probe height indicator line. The zero point of the depth scale line is located on the transverse slide bar's end face near the ruler. The zero point of the probe height scale line simulates the probe's upper surface, and the depth scale line indicates the ultrasonic flaw detector's depth display value H. 显示 ;

[0015] The multi-functional ruler is independently set up, including a beveled ruler and a square ruler. The beveled ruler is provided with a bevel, a measuring side, a backing side, and a backing surface. The angle of the bevel is less than or equal to the minimum included angle between the wing plate and the web plate. The end of the beveled ruler away from the bevel is hinged to the front end of the square ruler.

[0016] A further improvement to the above scheme is that a weld seam slide gauge is slidably installed on the ruler measuring frame, the weld seam slide gauge is provided with a weld seam slide gauge measuring side and a weld seam slide gauge abutting side, and the weld seam slide gauge abutting side is flush with the ruler measuring side.

[0017] A further improvement to the above solution is that the length of the weld slide bar... Where: L2 - the vertical distance from the measuring edge of the ruler to the center of the ruler's aperture, θ 小- Minimum angle between the flange and the web, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, L3 - Distance from the top edge to the diameter edge of the angle ruler measured by the ruler, L 直测 - Use a ruler to measure the side length.

[0018] A further improvement to the above scheme is that a marker ruler is slidably installed on the ruler slide rod, the marker ruler is arranged parallel to the ruler slide rod, and the surface of the marker ruler near the angle ruler is provided with a scanning start position indicator line and a scanning mark.

[0019] A further improvement to the above scheme is that a reinforcing semicircular plate is provided on the angle ruler, the center of the reinforcing semicircular plate is located at the center point of the angle scale line, and the radius of the reinforcing semicircular plate is less than the minimum height of the probe.

[0020] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the depth scale lines of the wing plate are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the angle ruler hole, and the shortest length of the depth scale lines of the wing plate is ≥ T. 翼板 ×|tan(90°-a)|×2, where T 翼板 'a' represents the maximum thickness of the airfoil, and 'a' represents the angle between the airfoil and the web that deviates most from 90°.

[0021] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the width of the ruler slide bar is less than the minimum height of the probe × 2.

[0022] A further improvement to the above solution is that a marking ruler cover plate is installed on the ruler slide rod, and a fastening screw is threaded onto the marking ruler cover plate. The fastening screw is tightened by contacting the marking ruler to fix the marking ruler in position on the ruler slide rod.

[0023] A further improvement to the above scheme is that an annular hole is provided on the angle ruler with the hinge axis as the center, and the fastening screw passes through the annular hole and is threadedly connected to the ruler slide rod. The center of the hinge axis of the ruler and the angle ruler, the center line of the fastening screw and the angle indicator line are all located on the center line of the width direction of the ruler slide rod.

[0024] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the angle ruler is provided with a second arc, and the vertical distance from the measuring edge of the ruler to the center of the hinge axis is ≥H. 焊缝 +R2×cos[(90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)], where: R2 - radius of the second arc, H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, L1 - Side length measured with an angle gauge, θ 大 - The maximum angle between the flange and the web.

[0025] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the vertical distance from the top edge of the ruler measuring frame to the center of the hinge axis is ≥H. 焊缝 -

[0026] {R2×sin[90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)]-{L2-R2×cos[(90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)}×tan(θ 大 -90°)}, where: H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, L2 - Vertical distance from the side measured by the ruler to the center of the ruler aperture, θ 大 - The maximum angle between the flange and the web.

[0027] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the angle ruler is provided with a third arc, the radius of which is ≥ (H) 探 +T 腹板 +H 焊缝 ) / sin a, where: H 探 - Maximum probe height, T 腹板 - Maximum web thickness, H 焊缝 - The maximum height of the weld is a- the angle between the flange and the web that deviates most from 90°.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for horizontal distance positioning based on the reflected signal of the ultrasonic detection reflected signal positioning ruler, which includes:

[0029] S1: When the probe is placed on the right side of the web to scan and inspect the bevel fillet weld, the specific steps include the following:

[0030] S1-1: Measure the angle between the inner side of the wing and the left side of the web: When measuring, place the measuring edge of the ruler against the left side of the web, rotate the angle ruler so that the measuring edge of the angle ruler is against the inner side of the wing, keep it stable and fix the relative position of the angle ruler and the ruler. At this time, the angle indicated by the angle indicator line on the ruler is the corresponding value of the angle scale line on the angle ruler between the inner side of the wing and the left side of the web.

[0031] S1-2: Adjust the position of the horizontal slide on the vertical slide according to the height value of the probe used: When adjusting, make the value indicated by the probe height indicator line on the horizontal slide on the vertical slide equal to the height value of the probe used, and then fix the position of the horizontal slide on the vertical slide.

[0032] S1-3: Following the standard ultrasonic testing procedure, place the probe on the right side of the web and scan the entire angled fillet weld.

[0033] S1-4: After a suspicious reflection signal is detected, use a beveled ruler to measure the horizontal distance L6 from the front face of the probe to the inner side of the wing plate. When measuring, hold the probe down to keep its position fixed, and place the measuring edge of the beveled ruler against the upper surface of the probe. At the same time, keep the measuring edge of the beveled ruler parallel to the right side of the web plate and the side of the probe. The beveled end of the beveled ruler against the inner side of the wing plate.

[0034] S1-5: Based on the horizontal distance L6 from the front end face of the probe to the inner side of the wing plate measured in step S1-4, adjust the position of the longitudinal slide bar on the straight ruler slide bar: the value indicated by the horizontal indicator line of the longitudinal slide bar is equal to the measured L6, and fix the position of the longitudinal slide bar on the straight ruler slide bar.

[0035] S1-6: Based on the depth display value H of the ultrasonic flaw detector 显示 And horizontal display value L 显示 Determine the actual location of the suspicious reflected signal: Place a beveled ruler on the upper surface of a horizontal slide ruler, aligning the measuring edge of the beveled ruler with the depth scale line of the horizontal slide ruler, and match the depth display value H of the ultrasonic flaw detector. 显示 Equal, the measuring side of the beveled ruler is kept parallel to the ruler slide rod, the bevel end of the beveled ruler is against the diameter side of the angle ruler, and the horizontal distance L7 from the front side of the horizontal slide ruler to the diameter side of the angle ruler is read;

[0036] S1-7: According to formula L 偏差 =L7-L 显示 Calculate and analyze the location of the reflected signal, when L 偏差 If L > 0, it indicates that the reflected signal is located on the weld flange fusion surface, biased towards the probe side. 偏差 =0, which indicates that the reflected signal is located at the fusion surface of the weld flange. 偏差 <0 indicates that the reflected signal is located on the outer side of the weld flange fusion surface, which is biased towards the outer side of the flange. It can be read by using a beveled ruler on the flange depth scale line. When reading, the measuring edge of the beveled ruler should be kept parallel to the ruler slide.

[0037] S2: When the probe is placed on the left side of the web to scan and inspect the angled fillet weld, the specific steps and methods described in S1-1 to S1-7 are adopted. Specifically, the left side of the web is replaced with the right side of the web, and the right side of the web is replaced with the left side of the web.

[0038] A further improvement to the above scheme is as follows: Based on S1-1, first slide the weld gauge until the measuring edge of the weld gauge abuts against the weld toe of the web side weld, and fix the position of the weld gauge on the ruler measuring frame. Then, use a multi-functional ruler to read the measured angled fillet weld height value. During the measurement process, continuously adjust the angle between the square ruler and the beveled ruler so that the measuring abutting surface of the beveled ruler abuts against the upper surface of the angle ruler, the abutting edge of the beveled ruler abuts against the measuring edge of the angle ruler, and the measuring edge of the square ruler abuts against the abutting edge of the weld gauge. The value indicated by the weld height indicator line is the angled fillet weld height value H measured in S1-1. 焊缝 .

[0039] A further improvement to the above scheme is to proceed according to K×T. 腹板 +H 焊缝 +(H 探头 +T 腹板 ) / tana-L5 calculates the secondary wave scan starting position value B2. After ensuring that the value indicated by the scan starting position line is equal to the secondary wave scan starting position value B2, fix the position of the marker ruler on the straightedge. Where: K - tangent of the maximum sound beam emission angle of the probe, T 腹板 - Actual web thickness, H 焊缝 - Actual weld height, H 探头 -Actual probe height, angle between the wing plate and the web plate measured in a-S1-1, L5 -Actual probe leading edge length.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] This invention solves the problem that ordinary rulers cannot accurately measure the horizontal position of reflected signals during ultrasonic testing. It can also quickly and accurately determine the positional deviation and direction of the reflected signal relative to the weld flange fusion surface and the outer surface of the flange, thereby improving testing efficiency and accuracy, preventing misjudgments, and effectively ensuring product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing ultrasonic testing structure for bevel welds.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler of the present invention used for horizontal distance measurement of reflected signals.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the angle ruler.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ruler's structure.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal sliding ruler.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal sliding ruler.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the weld slide rail.

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the marking ruler.

[0051] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a multi-functional ruler, where a is a front view and b is a back view.

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the weld seam sliding plate cover.

[0053] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the ruler cover plate.

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention for measuring the angle between the flange and web of a bevel weld.

[0055] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage of the present invention for measuring the angle between the flange and web of a bevel weld and the horizontal distance of the reflected signal.

[0056] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage of the present invention for measuring the height of beveled fillet welds. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "wing plate," and "web plate" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] Please see Figure 2 An embodiment of the ultrasonic detection reflection signal positioning ruler of the present invention includes an angle ruler 5, a straight ruler 6, a longitudinal sliding ruler 7, a transverse sliding ruler 8, a weld sliding ruler 9, a marking ruler 10, a multi-functional ruler 11, a weld sliding ruler cover plate 12, and a marking ruler cover plate 13.

[0061] like Figure 3 - Figure 11 As shown, the angle ruler 5 is provided with an angle ruler hole 5-1, and the first hinge shaft 14 is rotatably installed in the angle ruler hole 5-1.

[0062] The angle ruler 5 is provided with a first arc 5-2, a second arc 5-3 and a third arc 5-4. The centers of the first arc 5-2, the second arc 5-3 and the third arc 5-4 are all located at the center of the angle ruler hole 5-1.

[0063] Angle ruler 5 has angle scale lines 5-6 ranging from 40° to 140° along the first arc 5-2, with 100 divisions and an interval of 1°.

[0064] The radius of the third arc 5-4 is based on the maximum web thickness T. 腹板 Maximum probe height H 探 Maximum weld height H 焊缝 The angle α between the flange and the web, which deviates most from 90°, is used to select the third arc. The radius of the arc 5-4 is ≥ (H). 探 +T 腹板 +H 焊缝 ) / sin a. Considering the maximum probe height H 探 The maximum thickness of the web is 25mm. 腹板 The weld is 30mm thick, with a maximum weld height H. 焊缝 The radius of the third arc 5-4 is preferably 100mm. The angle α between the flange and the web, which deviates the most from 90°, is 50° and 130°.

[0065] To ensure that the size of the positioning ruler is appropriate, the radius of the second arc 5-3 is preferably 70mm.

[0066] The angle ruler 5 also has a diameter edge 5-5 and a measuring edge 5-8 arranged parallel to each other. The diameter edge 5-5 passes through the center of the angle ruler hole 5-1, and the length of the measuring edge 5-8 is preferably 70mm. During measurement, the measuring edge 5-8 is in contact with the inner surface 1-2 of the wing plate, so that the diameter edge 5-5 can be used to simulate the inner surface 1-2 of the wing plate. Thus, the interference of the weld 3 on the accurate measurement of the included angle between the wing plate 1 and the web plate 2 can be eliminated by the setting and position distribution of the measuring edge 5-8 and the measuring edge 6-8.

[0067] A reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9 is provided in the middle of the diameter edge 5-5 of the angle gauge. The center of the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9 is located at the center of the angle gauge hole 5-1. The arrangement of the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9 ensures that the center of the angle gauge hole 5-1 is located on the diameter edge 5-5 of the angle gauge. The radius of the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9 is less than the minimum height of the probe 4. The radius of the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9 is preferably 8mm.

[0068] An annular hole 5-7 is provided on the angle ruler 5. The annular hole 5-7 is located in the angle indication range of 40° to 140°, and the center of the annular hole 5-7 is located at the center of the angle ruler hole 5-1.

[0069] Angle ruler 5 has a wing plate depth scale line 5-10 set along a direction perpendicular to the diameter edge 5-5 of the angle ruler, and the wing plate depth scale line 5-10 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the angle ruler hole 5-1. The shortest length of the wing plate depth scale line 5-10 is ≥T. 翼板 ×|tan(90°-a)|×2, where T 翼板 The value 'a' represents the maximum thickness of the flange, and 'a' represents the angle between the flange and the web that deviates most from 90°. This ensures that the flange depth can be accurately read when the angle between the flange and the web is 40° and 140°. Considering that the maximum thickness of flange 1 is 20mm, the shortest length of the flange depth scale line 5-10 is preferably 34mm. The setting of the flange depth scale line 5-10 allows for the precise measurement of the reflected signal in the base material of flange 1 along the thickness direction of flange 1, even when flange 1 and web 2 are not perpendicular.

[0070] Considering that the maximum thickness of wingplate 1 is 20mm, the number of divisions in the wingplate depth scale 5-10 is preferably 20, with an interval of 1mm. To facilitate quick reading of the wingplate 1 depth value, the color of the divisions ending in "0" and "5" in the wingplate depth scale 5-10 is different from the color of the other divisions to ensure a large color difference. The wingplate depth scale 5-10 ending in "0" and "5" is preferably red, and the other wingplate depth scale 5-10 is preferably black.

[0071] The angle ruler 5 has a first hollow section 5-11, and the straight ruler 6 has a second hollow section 6-14 to reduce the weight of the positioning ruler.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the ruler 6 consists of a ruler slide bar 6-1 and a ruler measuring frame 6-2.

[0073] The ruler slide rod 6-1 is provided with a ruler light hole 6-3. The ruler 6 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 14 through the ruler light hole 6-3, that is, the ruler 6 is hinged to the angle ruler 5 through the hinge shaft 14.

[0074] An angle indicator line 6-4 is provided on the surface of the ruler slide rod 6-1 facing the angle ruler 5, which is used to indicate the angle between the wing plate 1 and the web plate 2 in conjunction with the angle scale line 5-6 on the angle ruler 5.

[0075] The straightedge slide 6-1 has a first straightedge threaded hole 6-5 on its surface facing the angle ruler 5. The fastening screw 15 passes through the annular hole 5-7 on the angle ruler 5 and is threaded into the first straightedge threaded hole 6-5, making the straightedge 6 more stable through two-point support (the straightedge smooth hole 6-3 and the first straightedge threaded hole 6-5 connecting to the angle ruler 5). When the angle ruler 5 rotates around the straightedge 6, the fastening screw 15 rotates together with the straightedge 6 in the annular hole 5-7. After adjusting the angle between the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler and the measuring edge 6-8 of the straightedge, tightening the fastening screw 15 will fix the angle ruler 5 onto the straightedge 6.

[0076] The centers of the ruler's smooth hole 6-3, the first ruler threaded hole 6-5, and the angle indicator line 6-4 are all located on the central straight line along the width of the ruler slide rod 6-1. Because the center of the ruler's smooth hole 6-3 coincides with the center of the angle gauge hole 5-1, and the angle gauge annular hole 5-7, the first arc 5-2, and the angle scale line 5-6 are all centered on the center of the angle gauge hole 5-1, when measuring angles:

[0077] 1. Ensure that when measuring different angles, the fastening screw 15 at the first straight ruler threaded hole position moves smoothly in the angle ruler ring hole 5-7 without interference;

[0078] Second, ensure that the length of the angle indicator line 6-4 exposed above the angle ruler 5 is equal when measuring different angles. That is, the angle indicator line 6-4 will not be excessively or completely obscured when measuring some angles, while at other angles the angle indicator line 6-4 will not be completely obscured by the angle ruler or there will be a gap between them, which would make it inconvenient to read the angle value.

[0079] The ruler measuring frame 6-2 is provided with a ruler measuring side 6-8, which is parallel to the ruler slide rod 6-1. The length of the ruler measuring side 6-8 is preferably 100mm. When the angle reading on the angle ruler 5 is 90°, the angle ruler measuring side 5-8 is perpendicular to the ruler measuring side 6-8.

[0080] The vertical distance from the measuring edge 6-8 of the ruler to the center of the ruler's aperture 6-3 is ≥H. 焊缝+R2×cos[(90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)], where: R2 - radius of the second arc, H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, L1 - Side length measured with an angle gauge, θ 大 - The maximum angle between the flange and the web is preferably 90mm.

[0081] The vertical distance from the top edge 6-9 of the ruler measuring frame to the center of the ruler aperture 6-3 is ≥H 焊缝 -{R2×sin[90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)]-{L2-R2×cos[(90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)}×tan(θ 大 -90°)}, where: H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, L2 - Vertical distance from the side measured by the ruler to the center of the ruler aperture, θ 大 - The maximum angle between the flange and the web is preferably 20mm.

[0082] The ruler 6 abuts against the other side of the angle ruler 5 away from the angle scale line 5-6. The ruler slide 6-1 has a rectangular cross-section, and the width of the ruler slide 6-1 is less than the minimum height of the probe × 2. The width of the ruler slide 6-1 is preferably 24mm.

[0083] The distance between the lower end of the ruler slide bar (6-1-2) and the center of the ruler aperture (6-3) is ≥2×K×T 腹板 +H 焊缝 +(H 探头 +T 腹板 ) / tana-L5+L 纵滑 +L 标盖 Where: K - the tangent of the maximum beam emission angle of the probe, T 腹板 - Maximum web thickness, H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, H 探头 - Maximum probe height, a - Minimum angle between wing plate and web, L5 - Probe leading edge length, L 纵滑 -Length of the longitudinal slide bar, L 标盖 - The length of the ruler cover plate is determined by considering that the maximum K of probe 4 is 2.5, the maximum thickness of web plate 2 is 30mm, the maximum height of weld 3 is 20mm, the maximum height of probe 4 is 25mm, the minimum angle between wing plate 1 and web plate 2 is 50°, the minimum front edge length of probe is 10mm, the length of longitudinal sliding ruler 7 is 50mm, the length of ruler cover plate 13 is 10mm, and the preferred distance from the lower end 6-1-2 of the ruler slide rod to the center of the ruler aperture 6-3 is 260mm. Where: R2 - radius of the second arc, L1 - length of the side measured by the angle ruler, W 直杆 - The width of the ruler slide bar is preferably 57mm to prevent the upper end 6-1-1 of the ruler measuring rod from protruding from the measuring edge 5-8 of the ruler during the rotation of the angle ruler 5 around the ruler 6.

[0084] The straightedge slide 6-1 has a horizontal scale line 6-6 on the side facing the angle gauge 5. The distance from the zero point of the horizontal scale line 6-6 to the center of the straightedge aperture 6-3 is greater than or equal to the radius of the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9, preferably 10mm. The rear end face of the longitudinal slide notch 7-1 is a horizontal indicator line 7-1-1. When the horizontal reading is zero, the front side 8-4 of the transverse slide is flush with the center of the angle gauge aperture 5-1. To ensure that the requirements for secondary wave inspection of the weld are met, the number of horizontal scale divisions is greater than or equal to [2×K×T]. 腹板 +H 焊缝 +(H 探头 +T 腹板 ) / tan a-L5] / 1, where: K - tangent of the maximum beam emission angle of the probe, T 腹板 - Maximum web thickness, H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, H 探头 - Maximum probe height, a- Minimum angle between wing plate and web, L5- Probe leading edge length. Considering that the maximum K of probe 4 is 2.5, the maximum thickness of web 2 is 30mm, the maximum height of weld 3 is 20mm, the maximum height of probe 4 is 25mm, the minimum angle between wing plate 1 and web 2 is 50°, the minimum probe leading edge length is 10mm, and the number of horizontal scale lines is preferably 210, with an interval of 1mm.

[0085] The ruler slide bar 6-1 is provided with a first ruler slide groove 6-10, and the longitudinal slide bar 7 is provided with a longitudinal slide groove 7-2. The longitudinal slide bar 7 is slidably connected to the ruler slide bar 6-1 through the cooperation of the first ruler slide groove 6-10 and the longitudinal slide groove 7-2. The longitudinal slide bar 7 is preferably 50mm in length along the ruler slide bar 6-1. The longitudinal slide bar 7 is provided with a longitudinal slide bar threaded hole 7-3 on the side facing the ruler measuring edge 6-8. A fastening screw 15 is provided in the longitudinal slide bar threaded hole 7-3. The fastening screw 15 is threaded into the longitudinal slide bar threaded hole 7-3 and contacts and tightens with the ruler slide bar 6-1, thus fixing the longitudinal slide bar 7 in position on the ruler slide bar 6-1.

[0086] The upper surface 6-2-1 of the ruler measuring frame is lower than the lower surface 7-6 of the longitudinal slider to prevent interference when the longitudinal slider 7 slides on the ruler slider 6-1.

[0087] The longitudinal slide bar 7 is provided with a longitudinal slide bar notch 7-1. The longitudinal slide bar notch 7-1 is provided so that when the front side 8-4 of the transverse slide bar is aligned with the center of the angle ruler hole 5-1, the longitudinal slide bar 7 does not interfere with the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9. The length of the longitudinal slide bar notch 7-1 is greater than the radius of the reinforcing semicircular plate 5-9, preferably 10mm. The upper surface 7-1-2 of the longitudinal slide bar notch is lower than the upper surface 6-1-3 of the straight ruler slide bar to prevent the longitudinal slide bar notch 7-1 from interfering with the angle ruler 5. The height difference is preferably 1mm.

[0088] The longitudinal sliding ruler 7 is equipped with a crossbar 7-4, the length of which is ≥H. 探 -W 直尺 / 2+L 横， Wherein: H 探 -Maximum probe height, W 直尺 - Width of ruler slide bar, L 横 - The length of the horizontal slide ruler is 65mm, considering that the maximum height of the probe is 25mm, the width of the straight ruler slide bar is 24mm, and the length of the horizontal slide ruler 8 is 55mm.

[0089] The upper surface of the longitudinal slider 7 is provided with probe height scale line 7-5, and the right side of the transverse slider 8 is probe height indicator line 8-5. The zero point of probe height scale line 7-5 is located on the center line of the width of the ruler slider 6-1. The number of divisions of probe height scale line 7-5 is selected according to the maximum height of probe 4, preferably 30 divisions, with an interval of 1mm.

[0090] A transverse slide bar 8 is provided on the crossbar 7-4, and the transverse slide bar 8 is slidably connected to the crossbar 7-4 through a transverse slide bar groove 8-1. This is to facilitate the use of the length of the transverse slide bar 8 to simulate the depth display value (H) of the ultrasonic flaw detector. 显示 ), the length of the horizontal sliding ruler 8 is ≥ T 腹板 +H 焊缝 , where: T 腹板 - Maximum web thickness, H 焊缝 - The maximum height of the weld is preferably 55mm, considering that the maximum thickness of web 2 is 30mm and the maximum height of weld 3 is 20mm.

[0091] A transverse slide bar threaded hole 8-3 is provided on the rear side 8-6. A fastening screw 15 is provided in the transverse slide bar threaded hole 8-3. The fastening screw 15 is connected to the transverse slide bar threaded hole 8-3 by thread and is in contact with the crossbar 7-4 to tighten.

[0092] The upper surface 8-7 of the horizontal slide ruler is lower than the lower surface 5-12 of the angle ruler, with a height difference preferably of 1mm, to prevent interference between the horizontal slide ruler 8 and the angle ruler 5 when the vertical slide ruler 7 slides to one side of the angle ruler 5.

[0093] The upper surface 8-7 of the horizontal slide ruler has depth scale lines 8-2 along the front side 8-4 and the rear side 8-6 of the horizontal slide ruler. The zero point of the depth scale line 8-2 is located on the end face of the horizontal slide ruler 8 near the ruler 6. The number of divisions of the depth scale line 8-2 is ≥ (T). 腹板 +H 焊缝 / 1), where: T 腹板 - Maximum web thickness, H 焊缝 - The maximum height of the weld is preferably 50 divisions, with a 1mm interval. The width of the horizontal slide ruler 8 is preferably 30mm, and the depth scale lines 8-2 are distributed along both sides of the upper surface 8-7 of the horizontal slide ruler, so that the ruler and the ruler slide rod 6-1 can be quickly kept parallel when measuring the horizontal distance of the reflected signal with a ruler.

[0094] The ruler measuring frame 6-2 is provided with a measuring frame groove 6-12 and a measuring frame threaded hole 6-13. The weld sliding ruler cover plate 12 is provided with a weld sliding ruler cover plate smooth hole 12-1. A screw 16 is provided in the weld sliding ruler cover plate smooth hole 12-1. The screw 16 fixes the weld sliding ruler cover plate 12 to the measuring frame groove 6-12 by threading it with the measuring frame threaded hole 6-13.

[0095] The weld slide gauge 9 is slidably connected to the ruler measuring frame 6-2 via the measuring frame slide groove 6-12. The weld slide gauge cover plate 12 is provided with a weld slide gauge cover plate threaded hole 12-2. A fastening screw 15 is provided in the weld slide gauge cover plate threaded hole 12-2. The fastening screw 15 is connected to the weld slide gauge 9 by threading with the weld slide gauge cover plate threaded hole 12-2, and is pressed against it to fix the weld slide gauge 9 in position within the measuring frame slide groove 6-12.

[0096] The weld slide gauge 9 is provided with a measuring edge 9-1 and an abutting edge 9-2, the abutting edge 9-2 being flush with the measuring edge 6-8 of the straightedge. The upper surface 9-4 of the weld slide gauge is lower than the lower surface 5-12 of the angle gauge to avoid interference with the rotation of the angle gauge. The height difference between the upper surface 9-4 of the weld slide gauge and the lower surface 5-12 of the angle gauge is preferably 1 mm.

[0097] The placement and positioning of the weld gauge 9 and the angle gauge measuring sides 5-8 enable the measurement of the height of the bevel fillet weld 3. When measuring the height of the bevel fillet weld 3, as follows... Figure 12 As shown, the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler abuts against the surface of the flange 1, the sliding edge 9-2 of the weld ruler abuts against the surface of the web 2, and the measuring edge 9-1 of the weld ruler abuts against the weld toe 3-1 of the angled fillet weld, thereby measuring the height of the angled fillet weld 3 (or the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler abuts against the surface of the web 2, and the sliding edge 9-2 of the weld ruler abuts against the surface of the flange 1, measuring the height of the weld 3 in another direction).

[0098] A weld height indicator line 9-3 is provided on the side of the weld slide gauge 9 facing the angle gauge 5. The distance from the weld height indicator line 9-3 to the measuring edge 9-1 of the weld slide gauge is preferably 10mm.

[0099] To ensure the weld height can be measured, specifically that the measuring edge 9-1 of the weld gauge aligns with the weld toe 3-1 of the angled fillet weld during measurement, the length of the weld gauge 9 is longest when the angle between the web 2 and the flange 1 is at its minimum. Therefore, the length of the weld gauge 9... Where: L2 - the vertical distance from the measuring edge of the ruler to the center of the ruler's aperture, θ 小 - Minimum angle between the wing and the web, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, L3 - Distance from the top edge to the diameter edge of the angle ruler measured by the ruler, L 直测 - Measure the side length with a ruler, preferably 260mm.

[0100] The ruler slide rod 6-1 is provided with a second ruler threaded hole 6-7, and the ruler cover plate 13 is provided with a ruler cover plate clear hole 13-1. A screw 16 is provided in the ruler cover plate clear hole 13-1. The screw 16 fixes the ruler cover plate 13 and the ruler slide rod 6-1 together by threading with the second ruler threaded hole 6-7.

[0101] The ruler slide bar 6-1 is provided with a second ruler slide groove 6-11, and the marking ruler 10 is slidably installed in the second ruler slide groove 6-11. The marking ruler cover plate 13 is provided with a marking ruler cover plate threaded hole 13-2, and a fastening screw 15 is provided in the marking ruler cover plate threaded hole 13-2. The fastening screw 15 is connected to the marking ruler 10 by threading with the marking ruler cover plate threaded hole 13-2, and is pressed against it to fix the marking ruler 10 in the position of the second ruler slide groove 6-11.

[0102] The marking ruler 10 has a notch 10-1 on the side facing the angle ruler 5 to allow the marking ruler 10 to slide smoothly within the second ruler groove 6-11. A stop 10-2 is provided on the side of the marking ruler 10 facing the marking ruler cover plate 13 to prevent the marking ruler 10 from sliding completely into the second ruler groove 6-11.

[0103] The surface of the ruler 10 near the angle ruler 5 is provided with a scanning start position indicator line 10-3 and a scanning mark 10-4. The setting of the scanning start position indicator line 10-3 and the scanning mark 10-4 facilitates the quick and accurate differentiation between primary wave reflection signals and secondary wave reflection signals during the detection process. When the stop 10-2 abuts against the lower end 6-1-2 of the ruler slide rod, the scanning start position indicator line 10-3 is flush with the center of the ruler's optical aperture 6-3.

[0104] The multi-functional ruler 11 consists of a beveled ruler 11-1 and a square ruler 11-2.

[0105] A beveled ruler 11-1 has a beveled ruler aperture 11-1-2 on the side away from the bevel 11-1-1. A hinge shaft 14 is installed inside the beveled ruler aperture 11-1-2, and the hinge shaft 14 is hinged and fixed to the beveled ruler 11-1. A square ruler 11-2 has a square ruler aperture 11-2-1, and the square ruler 11-2 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 14 through the square ruler aperture 11-2-1.

[0106] The beveled ruler 11-1 is equipped with a beveled ruler measuring side 11-1-3, a beveled ruler abutting side 11-1-4, and a ruler abutting surface 11-1-5.

[0107] The beveled ruler 11-1 is provided with a bevel 11-1-1, the angle of the bevel 11-1-1 is less than or equal to the minimum included angle between the flange 1 and the web 2, preferably 40°. The bevel 11-1-1 solves the problem that the horizontal distance of the reflected signal cannot be measured due to interference between the ordinary measuring ruler and the flange surface during ultrasonic testing of beveled fillet welds.

[0108] Length from the center of the beveled ruler aperture 11-1-2 to the end of the beveled edge 11-1-1 Where: L2 - vertical distance from the measuring edge of the ruler to the center of the ruler's aperture, θ 小 - Minimum angle between the wing and the web, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, preferably 250mm.

[0109] Both sides of the beveled ruler 11-1 have length graduation lines 11-1-6 along the measuring edge 11-1-3. The zero point of the length graduation line 11-1-6 is located at the endpoint of the bevel 11-1-1. The number of divisions of the length graduation line 11-1-6 is ≥ (2×K×T). 腹板 ) / 1, where: K - tangent of the maximum beam emission angle of the probe, T 腹板 -Maximum web thickness: Considering the maximum probe K is 2.5, the web thickness is 30mm, and the length markings 11-1-6 are preferably 200, with an interval of 1mm.

[0110] The beveled ruler 11-1 is provided with a beveled ruler notch 11-1-7. The distance between the inner edge 11-1-7a of the beveled ruler notch and the center distance between the beveled ruler aperture 11-1-2 and the beveled ruler is ≤L4, where: L4 is the distance from the measuring edge of the weld slide ruler to the weld height indicator line, preferably 5mm, and the length of the beveled ruler notch 11-1-7 is preferably 20mm. This prevents the indicator value from being covered.

[0111] The square ruler 11-2 is equipped with a reinforcing plate 11-2-4. The distance from the inner edge 11-2-4a of the reinforcing plate to the center of the square ruler's aperture 11-2-1 is ≤L4, where L4 is the distance from the measuring edge of the weld slide ruler to the weld height indicator line, preferably 5mm. The reinforcing plate 11-2-4 ensures that the measuring edge 11-2-2 of the square ruler and the center of the square ruler's aperture 11-2-1 are aligned.

[0112] A square ruler 11-2 is provided with a measuring edge 11-2-2 on the side facing the reinforcing plate 11-2-4.

[0113] The square ruler 11-2 has weld height graduation lines 11-2-3 on the side of the square ruler 11-2-2 facing the beveled ruler 11-1. The number of graduations on the weld height graduation lines 11-2-3 is ≥H. 焊缝 / 1, where: H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, preferably 40 divisions, 1mm interval. The distance from the zero point of the weld height scale line 11-2-3 to the center of the square ruler aperture 11-2-1 is equal to the distance from the weld height indicator line 9-3 to the measuring edge of the weld ruler 9-1, preferably 10mm. When the weld height reading is zero, the measuring edge of the weld ruler 9-1 is aligned with the center of the square ruler aperture 11-2-1 and the center of the beveled ruler aperture 11-1-2.

[0114] The center of the beveled ruler's abutment edge 11-1-4 and the center of the beveled ruler's aperture 11-1-2 are aligned. The center of the square ruler's aperture 11-2-1 and the square ruler's measuring edge 11-2-2 are aligned. The intersection of the beveled ruler's abutment edge 11-1-4 and the square ruler's measuring edge 11-2-2 is located at the center of the hinge shaft 14.

[0115] The beveled ruler abutting edge 11-1-4 and the square ruler measuring edge 11-2-2 respectively simulate the surfaces of flange 1 and web 2, with the hinge axis center simulating the intersection of the flange 1 and web 2 surfaces. The multi-functional ruler 11 is designed to read the weld height value. When reading the weld height, the angle between the beveled ruler 11-1 and the square ruler 11-2 is continuously adjusted. Figure 13 As shown, the beveled ruler measuring contact surface 11-1-5 is aligned with the upper surface 5-13 of the angle ruler, the beveled ruler contact edge 11-1-4 is aligned with the angle ruler measuring edge 5-8, and the square ruler measuring edge 11-2-2 is aligned with the weld sliding ruler contact edge 9-2. The value indicated by the weld height indicator line 9-3 is the measured weld height value H.

[0116] The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning method of the present invention uses the above-mentioned positioning ruler and mainly includes:

[0117] S1: Probe 4 is placed on the right side of the web plate to scan and inspect the 2-2 pairs of angled fillet welds 3.

[0118] S1-1: Measure the angle between the inner surface 1-2 of the airfoil and the left side surface 2-1 of the web. For example... Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, during measurement, the measuring edge 6-8 of the ruler is placed against the left side 2-1 of the web. The angle ruler 5 is rotated so that the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler is against the inner side 1-2 of the wingplate. This is kept stable, and the fastening screw 15 is tightened to fix the relative positions of the angle ruler 5 and the ruler 6. Thus, the measuring edge 6-8 of the ruler can simulate the left side 2-1 of the web, and the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler can simulate the inner side 1-2 of the wingplate, allowing for the measurement of the angle between the inner side 1-2 of the wingplate and the left side 2-1 of the web. Since the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler, the diameter edge 5-5 of the angle ruler, the measuring edge 6-8 of the ruler, and the ruler sliding rod 6-1 form a parallelogram, according to the principle that opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal, the corresponding angle indicated by the angle indicator line 6-4 on the ruler 6 is the angle between the inner side 1-2 of the wingplate and the left side 2-1 of the web.

[0119] S1-2: Adjust the position of the horizontal slide bar 8 on the crossbar 7-4 according to the height value of the probe 4 used. During adjustment, make the value indicated by the probe height indicator line 8-5 equal to the height value of the probe used, tighten the fastening screw 15, and fix the position of the horizontal slide bar 8 on the crossbar 7-4. (The probes used are generally of uniform specifications, and no further adjustments are needed after the first adjustment).

[0120] S1-3: Following the standard ultrasonic testing procedure, probe 4 is placed on the right side of the web 2-2 to scan and test the entire angled fillet weld 3.

[0121] S1-4: After detecting a suspicious reflection signal, use a beveled ruler 11-1 to measure the horizontal distance L6 from the front face 4-1 of the probe to the inner side 1-2 of the wing plate. During measurement, hold the probe 4 in place to keep its position fixed. The measuring edge 11-1-3 of the beveled ruler should be against the upper surface 4-2 of the probe. The measuring edge 11-1-3 of the beveled ruler should also be parallel to the right side 2-2 of the web plate and the side 4-3 of the probe. The end point of the beveled edge 11-1-1 of the beveled ruler should be against the inner side 1-2 of the wing plate.

[0122] S1-5: Based on the horizontal distance L6 from the probe front end face 4-1 to the inner side face 1-2 of the wing plate measured in step 1.6, adjust the position of the longitudinal slide bar 7 on the straight ruler slide rod 6-1. The value indicated by the horizontal indicator line 7-1-1 of the longitudinal slide bar is equal to the measured L6, and tighten the fastening screw 15 to fix the position of the longitudinal slide bar 7 on the straight ruler slide rod 6-1.

[0123] S1-6: Based on the depth display value H of the ultrasonic flaw detector 显示 And horizontal display value L 显示Determine the actual location of the suspected reflected signal. Place the beveled ruler 11-1 on the upper surface 8-7 of the transverse slide ruler. Align the measuring edge 11-1-3 of the beveled ruler with the depth scale line 8-2 of the transverse slide ruler, and match the depth display value H of the flaw detector. 显示 Equal, the measuring side 11-1-3 of the beveled ruler is kept parallel to the ruler slide 6-1, the end point of the beveled side 11-1-1 of the beveled ruler is against the diameter side 5-5 of the angle ruler, and the horizontal distance L7 from the front side 8-4 of the horizontal slide ruler to the diameter side 5-5 of the angle ruler is read.

[0124] S1-7: According to formula L 偏差 =L7-L 显示 Calculate and analyze the location of the reflected signal. When L 偏差 >0 indicates that the reflected signal is located on the weld flange fusion surface 3-3, biased towards probe 4. When L 偏差 =0, which indicates that the reflected signal is located at the fusion surface 3-3 of the weld flange. 偏差 If <0, it means that the reflected signal is located on the weld flange fusion surface 3-3, biased towards the outer side 1-1 of the flange. It can be read by using a beveled ruler on the flange depth scale line 5-10. When reading, the measuring edge 11-1-3 of the beveled ruler should be kept parallel to the ruler slide rod 6-1.

[0125] S2: Probe 4 is placed on the left side 2-1 of the web to scan and inspect the angled fillet weld 3. Specifically, it includes: using the operating steps and methods described in S1-1 to S1-7, but in practice, the left side 2-1 of the web is replaced with the right side 2-2 of the web, and the right side 2-2 of the web is replaced with the left side 2-1 of the web.

[0126] The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler of this invention can also be used to measure the height value H of beveled fillet welds. 焊缝 The specific method is as follows: based on S1-1, such as... Figure 14 As shown, first slide the weld gauge 9 so that the measuring edge 9-1 of the weld gauge abuts against the weld toe 3-1 of the web side weld, and fix the position of the weld gauge 9 on the ruler measuring frame 6-2. Then, use the multi-functional ruler 11 to read the measured height value of the beveled fillet weld 3. During the measurement process, continuously adjust the angle between the square ruler 11-2 and the beveled ruler 11-1 so that the measuring abutting surface 11-1-5 of the beveled ruler abuts against the upper surface 5-13 of the angle ruler, the abutting edge 11-1-4 of the beveled ruler abuts against the measuring edge 5-8 of the angle ruler, and the measuring edge 11-2-2 of the square ruler abuts against the abutting edge 9-2 of the weld gauge. The value indicated by the weld height indicator line 9-3 is the measured height value H of the beveled fillet weld in S1-1. 焊缝 .

[0127] The ultrasonic wave detection reflection signal position positioning ruler of this invention can also be used to determine the starting position value B2 of the secondary wave scan. The specific method is as follows: according to K×T 腹板 +H 焊缝 +(H 探头 +T 腹板 ) / tana-L5 calculates the secondary wave scan starting position value B2. After ensuring that the value indicated by the scan starting position line 10-3 is equal to the secondary wave scan starting position value B2, the position of the marker ruler 10 on the ruler 6 is fixed. Where: K - tangent of the probe's sound beam emission angle, T 腹板 - Actual web thickness, H 焊缝 - Actual weld height, H 探头 - Actual weld height, angle between flange and web measured in a-S1-1, L5 - Actual probe leading edge length.

[0128] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic positioning ruler for detecting reflected signals, characterized in that: Including angle ruler (5), straight ruler (6), longitudinal sliding ruler (7), transverse sliding ruler (8), and multi-functional ruler (11); The angle ruler (5) has an angle scale line (5-6) marked on its front side. The center point of the angle scale line (5-6) is rotatably mounted with a hinge shaft (14). The angle ruler has a measuring side (5-8) and a diameter side (5-5) for simulating the inner side (1-2) of the wingplate, which are arranged parallel to each other. The angle ruler (5) has a wingplate depth scale line (5-10) arranged in a direction perpendicular to the diameter side (5-5). The 0 mark of the diameter side (5-5) and the wingplate depth scale line (5-10) passes through the center point of the angle scale line (5-6). The ruler (6) includes a ruler slide (6-1) and a ruler measuring frame (6-2). The ruler slide (6-1) is hinged to the angle ruler (5) through the hinge shaft (14). The side of the ruler slide (6-1) facing the angle ruler (5) is provided with an angle indicator line (6-4) and a horizontal scale line (6-6). The angle indicator line (6-4) and the angle scale line (5-6) cooperate to indicate the oblique angle between the inner side surface (1-2) of the wing plate and the left side surface (2-1) or the right side surface (2-2) of the web plate. The horizontal scale line (6-6) is used to indicate the horizontal distance from the front end surface (4-1) of the probe to the inner side surface (1-2) of the wing plate. The ruler measuring frame (6-2) is provided with a ruler measuring side (6-8), which is parallel to the ruler slide bar (6-1); The longitudinal slide bar (7) is slidably mounted on the straight ruler slide bar (6-1), and the transverse slide bar (8) is slidably mounted on the longitudinal slide bar (7). The longitudinal slide bar (7) is provided with a horizontal indicator line (7-1-1) and a probe height scale line (7-5). The horizontal indicator line (7-1-1) and the horizontal scale line (6-6) cooperate to indicate the horizontal distance from the front end face (4-1) of the probe to the inner side face (1-2) of the wing plate. The probe height scale line (7-5) is used to indicate the probe (4). The zero point of the probe height scale line (7-5) is located on the center line of the width direction of the ruler slide rod (6-1). The horizontal slide (8) is provided with a depth scale line (8-2) and a probe height indicator line (8-5). The zero point of the depth scale line (8-2) is located on the end face of the horizontal slide (8) near the ruler (6). The zero point of the probe height scale line (7-5) is used to simulate the upper surface (4-2) of the probe. The depth scale line (8-2) is used to represent the depth display value H of the ultrasonic flaw detector. 显示 ; The multifunctional ruler (11) is independently set up, including a beveled ruler (11-1) and a square ruler (11-2). The beveled ruler (11-1) is provided with a bevel (11-1-1), a beveled ruler measuring side (11-1-3), a beveled ruler abutting side (11-1-4), and a ruler abutting surface (11-1-5). The angle of the bevel (11-1-1) is less than or equal to the minimum included angle between the wing plate (1) and the web plate (2). The end of the beveled ruler (11-1) away from the bevel (11-1-1) is hinged to the front end of the square ruler (11-2).

2. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A weld gauge (9) is slidably installed on the ruler measuring frame (6-2). The weld gauge (9) is provided with a weld gauge measuring side (9-1) and a weld gauge abutting side (9-2). The weld gauge abutting side (9-2) is flush with the ruler measuring side (6-8).

3. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle gauge has a second arc (5-3) on both sides, and the length of the weld sliding gauge is ≥ Where: L2 - the vertical distance from the measuring edge of the ruler to the center of the ruler's aperture, θ 小 - Minimum angle between the flange and the web, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, L3 - Distance from the top edge to the diameter edge of the angle ruler measured by the ruler, L 直测 - Use a ruler to measure the side length.

4. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A marker (10) is slidably mounted on the ruler slide (6-1). The marker (10) is arranged parallel to the ruler slide (6-1), and the surface of the marker (10) near the angle ruler (5) is provided with a scanning start position indicator line (10-3) and a scanning mark (10-4).

5. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle ruler (5) is provided with a reinforcing semicircular plate (5-9), the center of which is located at the center point of the angle scale line (5-6), and the radius of the reinforcing semicircular plate (5-9) is less than the minimum height of the probe (4).

6. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wing plate depth scale lines (5-10) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the angle ruler hole (5-1), and the shortest length of the wing plate depth scale lines (5-10) is ≥ T. 翼板 ×|tan(90°-a)|×2, where T 翼板 'a' represents the maximum thickness of the airfoil, and 'a' represents the angle between the airfoil and the web that deviates most from 90°.

7. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the ruler slide bar (6-1) is less than the minimum height of the probe × 2.

8. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ruler cover plate (13) is installed on the ruler slide (6-1). A fastening screw (15) is threaded onto the ruler cover plate (13). The fastening screw (15) is tightened by contacting the ruler (10) to fix the ruler (10) in position on the ruler slide (6-1).

9. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle ruler (5) has an annular hole (5-7) centered on the hinge shaft (14). The fastening screw (15) passes through the annular hole (5-7) and is threadedly connected to the ruler slide rod (6-1). The center of the hinge shaft between the ruler and the angle ruler, the center line of the fastening screw (15), and the angle indicator line (6-4) are all located on the center line of the width direction of the ruler slide rod (6-1).

10. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical distance from the measuring edge of the ruler to the center of the hinge axis is ≥H. 焊缝 +R2×cos[(90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)], where: R2 - radius of the second arc, H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, L1 - Side length measured with an angle gauge, θ 大 - The maximum angle between the flange and the web.

11. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 10, characterized in that, The vertical distance from the top edge of the ruler measuring frame to the center of the hinge axis is ≥H 焊缝 -{R2×sin[90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)]- {L2-R2×cos[(90°-arcsin(L1 / 2÷R2)-(θ 大 -90°)}×tan(θ 大 -90°)}, where: H 焊缝 - Maximum weld height, R2 - Radius of the second arc, L1 - Length of the side measured by the angle ruler, L2 - Vertical distance from the side measured by the ruler to the center of the ruler aperture, θ 大 - The maximum angle between the flange and the web.

12. The ultrasonic wave detection and reflection signal positioning ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third arc (5-4) is provided on one side of the angle ruler (5), and the radius of the third arc is ≥ (H). 探 +T 腹板 +H 焊缝 ) / sin a, where: H 探 - Maximum probe height, T 腹板 - Maximum web thickness, H 焊缝 - The maximum height of the weld is a- the angle between the flange and the web that deviates most from 90°.

13. A method for horizontal distance positioning based on the ultrasonic wave detection reflection signal positioning ruler according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that... include: S1: When the probe (4) is placed on the right side (2-2) of the web plate to scan and inspect the bevel fillet weld (3), the specific steps include the following: S1-1: Measure the angle between the inner side of the wing (1-2) and the left side of the web (2-1): When measuring, place the measuring edge (6-8) of the ruler against the left side of the web (2-1), rotate the angle ruler (5) so that the measuring edge (5-8) of the angle ruler is against the inner side of the wing (1-2), keep it stable and fix the relative position of the angle ruler (5) and the ruler (6). At this time, the angle indicator line (6-4) on the ruler (6) indicates the angle scale line (5-6) on the angle ruler (5), which is the corresponding value of the angle between the inner side of the wing (1-2) and the left side of the web (2-1). S1-2: Adjust the position of the horizontal slide (8) on the vertical slide (7) according to the height value of the probe (4) used: When adjusting, make the value indicated by the probe height indicator line (8-5) on the horizontal slide (8) on the vertical slide (7) equal to the height value of the probe used, and then fix the position of the horizontal slide (8) on the vertical slide (7). S1-3: Following the conventional ultrasonic testing operation method, place the probe (4) on the right side of the web (2-2) and scan the entire angled fillet weld (3) for inspection; S1-4: After a suspicious reflection signal is detected, use a beveled ruler (11-1) to measure the horizontal distance L6 from the front face of the probe (4-1) to the inner side of the wing plate (1-2). When measuring, hold the probe (4) to keep its position fixed, and place the measuring edge (11-1-3) of the beveled ruler against the upper surface (4-2) of the probe. At the same time, keep the measuring edge (11-1-3) of the beveled ruler parallel to the right side of the web plate (2-2) and the side of the probe (4-3). The end point of the beveled edge (11-1-1) of the beveled ruler against the inner side of the wing plate (1-2). S1-5: Based on the horizontal distance L6 from the front end face (4-1) of the probe to the inner side face (1-2) of the wing plate measured in step S1-4, adjust the position of the longitudinal slide bar (7) on the straight ruler slide bar (6-1): the value indicated by the horizontal indicator line (7-1-1) of the longitudinal slide bar is equal to the measured L6, and fix the position of the longitudinal slide bar (7) on the straight ruler slide bar (6-1); S1-6: Based on the depth display value H of the ultrasonic flaw detector 显示 And horizontal display value L 显示 Determine the actual location of the suspected reflected signal: Place a beveled ruler (11-1) on the upper surface (8-7) of the transverse slide ruler, aligning the measuring edge (11-1-3) of the beveled ruler with the depth scale line (8-2) of the transverse slide ruler. The reading should match the depth display value H of the ultrasonic flaw detector. 显示 Equal, the measuring side (11-1-3) of the beveled ruler is kept parallel to the ruler slide (6-1), the end point of the beveled edge (11-1-1) of the beveled ruler is against the diameter side (5-5) of the angle ruler, and the horizontal distance L7 from the front side (8-4) of the horizontal slide ruler to the diameter side (5-5) of the angle ruler is read. S1-7: According to formula L 偏差 =L7-L 显示 Calculate and analyze the location of the reflected signal, when L 偏差 >0 indicates that the reflected signal is located on the weld flange fusion surface (3-3) biased towards the probe (4). 偏差 =0, which indicates that the reflected signal is located at the weld flange fusion surface (3-3). When L 偏差 <0 indicates that the reflected signal is located on the weld flange fusion surface (3-3) biased towards the outer side (1-1) of the flange. It can be read on the flange depth scale line (5-10) with a beveled ruler. When reading, the measuring edge (11-1-3) of the beveled ruler should be kept parallel to the ruler slide (6-1). S2: When the probe (4) is placed on the left side (2-1) of the web plate to scan and inspect the angled fillet weld (3), the specific steps and methods described in S1-1 to S1-7 are adopted. Specifically, the left side (2-1) of the web plate is replaced with the right side (2-2) of the web plate, and the right side (2-2) of the web plate is replaced with the left side (2-1) of the web plate.

14. The ultrasonic wave detection method for horizontal distance positioning according to claim 13, characterized in that, Based on S1-1, first slide the weld gauge (9) so that the measuring edge (9-1) of the weld gauge abuts against the weld toe (3-1) of the web side weld, and fix the position of the weld gauge (9) on the ruler measuring frame (6-2). Then use the multi-functional ruler (11) to read the measured height value of the angled fillet weld (3): During the measurement process, continuously adjust the angle between the square ruler (11-2) and the beveled ruler (11-1) so that the measuring abutting surface (11-1-5) of the beveled ruler abuts against the upper surface (5-13) of the angle ruler, the abutting edge (11-1-4) of the beveled ruler abuts against the measuring edge (5-8) of the angle ruler, and the measuring edge (11-2-2) of the square ruler abuts against the abutting edge (9-2) of the weld gauge. The value indicated by the weld height indicator line (9-3) is the height value H of the angled fillet weld (3) measured in S1-1. 焊缝 .

15. The ultrasonic wave detection method for horizontal distance positioning according to claim 13, characterized in that, According to K×T 腹板 +H 焊缝 +(H 探头 +T 腹板 ) / tana-L5 calculates the secondary wave scan starting position value B2. After making the value indicated by the scan starting position line (10-3) equal to the secondary wave scan starting position value B2, the position of the marker ruler (10) on the ruler (6) is fixed, where: K - the tangent of the probe beam emission angle, T 腹板 - Actual web thickness, H 焊缝 - Actual weld height, H 探头 -Actual probe height, angle between the wing plate and the web plate measured in a-S1-1, L5 -Actual probe leading edge length.

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