Radiating element, base station antenna and base station

Abstract

The application relates to a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station, the radiation unit comprising a radiation dielectric plate and two pairs of radiation arms arranged on the surface of the radiation dielectric plate and orthogonally polarized; a balun structure comprising a first balun and a second balun, the first balun comprising a first feeding conductor and a first grounding conductor arranged along a second direction and electrically connected, and the second balun comprising a second feeding conductor and a second grounding conductor arranged along the second direction and electrically connected; and a switching structure comprising a first connecting line and a switching piece arranged on a first surface and a second connecting line arranged on a second surface, two ends of the first connecting line being connected with the first grounding conductor and the second radiation arm respectively; the second grounding conductor being welded with the switching piece; one end of the second connecting line being connected with the switching piece through a metallized via, and the other end being connected with the fourth radiation arm. When the balun structure and the radiation arm are connected, the switching operation is relatively simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to radiating elements, base station antennas, and base stations. Background Technology

[0002] A conventional base station antenna's radiating element includes a radiating surface and a balun structure. The radiating surface comprises two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms. The balun structure includes a first PCB board and a second PCB board. The first PCB board includes a first dielectric substrate with a first feed line on its front side and a first ground line on its back side. The second PCB board includes a second dielectric substrate with a second feed line on its front side and a second ground line on its back side. The first feed line and first ground line on the first PCB board power and ground one pair of radiating arms, and the second feed line and second ground line on the second PCB board power and ground the other pair of radiating arms.

[0003] In the two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms, the two radiating arms in each pair are diagonally arranged along the diagonal of the radiating surface. Therefore, each PCB board needs to be electrically connected to the two diagonally arranged radiating arms. This leads to cross interference when the two PCB boards are electrically connected to their respective pairs of radiating arms.

[0004] To avoid cross-interference, radiating elements in related technologies often incorporate various transition structures such as adapter plates and connecting lines between the PCB board and the corresponding radiating arm. These transition structures are strategically positioned and designed with specific extension directions, enabling multiple transitions to achieve electrical connection between the PCB board and the corresponding radiating arm while avoiding cross-interference. However, the numerous transitions result in cumbersome operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a radiating element, a base station antenna, and a base station to address the problem that the balun structure PCB board of the base station antenna in the relevant technology needs to be electrically connected to the corresponding radiating arm through multiple transfers via a transfer structure, resulting in cumbersome transfer operations.

[0006] This application embodiment provides a radiating element, the radiating element comprising:

[0007] A radiation dielectric plate and two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiation arms disposed on its surface, wherein one pair of radiation arms is a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm arranged diagonally, and the other pair of radiation arms is a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm arranged diagonally; the radiation dielectric plate has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other, the first radiation arm and the third radiation arm are disposed on the first surface, and the fourth radiation arm is disposed on the second surface.

[0008] A balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction. The first balun includes a first feed conductor and a first ground conductor arranged and electrically connected along a second direction. The first feed conductor is connected to a first radiating arm. The second balun includes a second feed conductor and a second ground conductor arranged and electrically connected along a second direction. The second feed conductor is connected to a third radiating arm.

[0009] The adapter structure includes a first connecting line and an adapter plate on the first side and a second connecting line on the second side. The two ends of the first connecting line are electrically connected to the first grounding conductor and the second radiating arm, respectively. The second grounding conductor is welded to the adapter plate. One end of the second connecting line is electrically connected to the adapter plate through a metallized via, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second radiating arm is disposed on the second surface;

[0011] The transition structure also includes a coupling line, which is located on the first surface; along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate, the projection of the coupling line overlaps with the projection of the second radiating arm, so that the coupling line is coupled to the second radiating arm.

[0012] The end of the first connecting line furthest from the first grounding conductor is connected to the coupling line.

[0013] In one embodiment, the coupling line includes a first extension, a second extension, and a third extension, with the two ends of the second extension connected to one end of the first extension and one end of the third extension, respectively; the extension direction of the second extension is parallel to the arrangement direction of the third and fourth radiating arms.

[0014] Along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate, the projections of the first extension, the second extension, and the third extension overlap with the projection of the second radiating arm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second radiating arm has a first conductive segment at one end near the first radiating arm, the first conductive segment and the second connecting line are spaced apart along a first diagonal direction, and the extension direction of the first conductive segment is parallel to the second diagonal direction;

[0016] The fourth radiating arm has a second conductive segment at one end near the third radiating arm. The extension direction of the second conductive segment is parallel to the first diagonal direction, and the second conductive segment and the first connecting line are spaced apart along the second diagonal direction.

[0017] The first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first and second radiating arms, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third and fourth radiating arms.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm has a first notch at one end near the second radiating arm along a first diagonal direction; one end of the first balun is located at the first notch;

[0019] The third radial arm has a second notch at one end near the fourth radial arm along the second diagonal direction; one end of the second balun is located at the second notch;

[0020] The first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first and second radiating arms, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third and fourth radiating arms.

[0021] In one embodiment, the radiation dielectric plate is provided with a first groove and a second groove;

[0022] One end of the first balun passes through the first groove and extends out of the first face, and one end of the second balun passes through the second groove and extends out of the first face.

[0023] In one embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a zigzag extension segment on the side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally opposite it. The arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position, and the two ends of the zigzag extension segment are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position, and the zigzag extension segment bends inward toward the arc-shaped conductive segment.

[0024] This application provides a base station antenna, which includes a reflector, a phase shifter, and a radiating element according to any of the above embodiments. The radiating element and the phase shifter are located on both sides of the reflector. The reflector has an opening. The phase shifter includes a phase shifting cavity, which has a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity separated from each other. The first sub-cavity has a first feed network, and the second sub-cavity has a second feed network.

[0025] The cavity walls of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity near the reflector are respectively provided with a first notch and a second notch; the input end of the first feed conductor passes through the opening and the first notch and is electrically connected to the first feed network; the input end of the second feed conductor passes through the opening and the second notch and is electrically connected to the second feed network.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first balun includes a first sheet metal ground plane, and the second balun includes a second sheet metal ground plane. One end of the first sheet metal ground plane passes through an opening and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity near the reflector. One end of the second sheet metal ground plane passes through an opening and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity near the reflector.

[0027] Wherein, the first sheet metal grounding plate is the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is the second grounding conductor; or, the first sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

[0028] In one embodiment, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board, and the first feed conductor and the first ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric board, respectively; the second balun includes a second PCB dielectric board, and the second feed conductor and the second ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric board, respectively.

[0029] The first sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first grounding conductor is a first sheet metal ground plane and is coupled to the first feed conductor, and the second grounding conductor is a second sheet metal ground plane and is coupled to the second feed conductor;

[0031] Wherein, the first power supply conductor and the second power supply conductor are sheet metal parts, or the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first power supply conductor is a conductive line attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first ground conductor, and the second power supply conductor is a conductive line attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board facing away from the second ground conductor.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are laser welded to the phase-shifting cavity, respectively;

[0033] Alternatively, the first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are respectively coupled to the phase-shifting cavity;

[0034] Alternatively, the first sheet metal ground plate, the second sheet metal ground plate, and the phase-shifting cavity can be integrally formed.

[0035] In one embodiment, the radiating unit includes a metal sheet ground plate having a first end near the radiating arm and a second end near the phase shifter. The metal sheet ground plate is provided with a partition groove extending from the first end to the second end but not penetrating the second end, to form a first sheet ground plate and a second sheet ground plate separated by the partition groove.

[0036] In one embodiment, the second direction is along the length of the phase shifter; the first direction is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

[0037] This application provides a base station, including an antenna mounting bracket and any of the base station antennas described in the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

[0038] When connecting the aforementioned radiating element, base station antenna, and base station to the balun structure and radiating arm, since the first connecting line, adapter plate, and second connecting line can be printed together with the radiating arm on the radiating dielectric substrate, no additional adapter operation is required. It is only necessary to connect the adapter plate and the second connecting line through metallized vias, and finally solder the first feed conductor, second feed conductor, first ground conductor, and second ground conductor of the balun structure to their respective soldering positions, thus simplifying the adapter operation. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna according to one embodiment.

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the Baron structure in the image.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the balun structure and the radiating arm.

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the radiation arm and the radiation medium plate.

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another perspective.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0047] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the Baron structure in the image.

[0048] Figure 10 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the balun structure and the radiating arm.

[0049] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another perspective.

[0050] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 110, radiation dielectric plate; 110a, first groove; 110b, second groove; 111, first surface; 112, second surface;

[0052] 121. First radiating arm; 121a. First notch; 1211. First arc-shaped conductive segment; 1211a. Opening position; 1212. First zigzag extension segment; 122. Second radiating arm; 1221. First conductive segment; 1222. First right-angled side; 1223. Second right-angled side; 123. Third radiating arm; 123a. Second notch; 124. Fourth radiating arm; 1241. Second conductive segment; 1242. Third right-angled side; 1243. Fourth right-angled side;

[0053] 1311, First feed conductor; 1312, First ground conductor; 1313, First PCB dielectric board; 1314, First insulating board; 1321, Second feed conductor; 1322, Second ground conductor; 1323, Second PCB dielectric board; 1324, Second insulating board; 133, Metal sheet metal grounding plate; 133a, Separator groove; 1331, First sheet metal grounding plate; 1331a, First bend; 1332, Second sheet metal grounding plate; 1332a, Second bend; 1333, Connecting part;

[0054] 141. First connecting line; 142. Adapter piece; 143. Second connecting line; 144. Coupler line; 1441. First extension segment; 1442. Second extension segment; 1443. Third extension segment;

[0055] 151. First pad; 152. Second pad; 153. Third pad; 154. Fourth pad;

[0056] 200. Reflector; 201. Opening;

[0057] 300, Phase shifter; 301, First sub-cavity; 301a, First slot notch; 302, Second sub-cavity; 302a, Second slot notch; 310, First feed network; 320, Second feed network. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0060] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0063] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0064] Please combine Figures 1 to 4 One embodiment of this application provides a radiation unit, which includes: a radiation dielectric plate 110 and two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiation arms disposed on its surface, a balun structure, and a transition structure.

[0065] One pair of radiating arms consists of a first radiating arm 121 and a second radiating arm 122 arranged diagonally, and the other pair consists of a third radiating arm 123 and a fourth radiating arm 124 arranged diagonally. The radiating dielectric plate 110 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 facing away from each other. The first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 are located on the first surface 111, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is located on the second surface 112.

[0066] The balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction. The first balun includes a first feed conductor 1311 and a first ground conductor 1312 arranged and electrically connected along a second direction. The first feed conductor 1311 is connected to a first radiating arm 121. The second balun includes a second feed conductor 1321 and a second ground conductor 1322 arranged and electrically connected along the second direction. The second feed conductor 1321 is connected to a third radiating arm 123. The first direction is the spacing direction between the first and second baluns. The second direction is the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312, and the arrangement direction of the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322. The first and second directions can be perpendicular.

[0067] Combination Figures 4 to 6 The adapter structure includes a first connecting line 141 and an adapter piece 142 disposed on the first surface 111, and a second connecting line 143 disposed on the second surface 112. The two ends of the first connecting line 141 are electrically connected to a first grounding conductor 1312 and a second radiating arm 122, respectively. The second grounding conductor 1312 is soldered to the adapter piece 142. One end of the second connecting line 143 is electrically connected to the adapter piece 142 through a metallized via, and the other end is electrically connected to a fourth radiating arm 124.

[0068] Specifically, the radiating dielectric substrate 110 is a PCB dielectric substrate, and the two pairs of radiating arms can be radiating circuit layers attached to the radiating dielectric substrate 110. The first connecting line 141, the adapter piece 142, and the second connecting line 143 can be conductive layers attached to the radiating dielectric substrate 110. When processing the radiating unit, the two pairs of radiating arms, the first connecting line 141, the adapter piece 142, and the second connecting line 143 can be printed together on the radiating dielectric substrate 110.

[0069] Specifically, along the first diagonal direction PP', the first balun is located at the end of the first radiating arm 121 near the second radiating arm 122. Thus, the end of the first feed conductor 1311 furthest from the phase-shifting cavity 300 can be easily connected to the end of the first radiating arm 121 near the second radiating arm 122. Figure 4 As shown, a first pad 151 can be provided at the end of the first feed conductor 1311 away from the phase shift cavity 300, and the first pad 151 can be soldered to the end of the first radiating arm 121 near the second radiating arm 122.

[0070] The extension direction of the first connecting line 141 can be along the first diagonal direction PP', so that one end of the first connecting line 141 can be easily electrically connected to the first grounding conductor 1312. For example... Figure 4 As shown, a second pad 152 can be provided at the end of the first grounding conductor 1312 away from the phase-shifting cavity 300, and the second pad 152 is soldered to one end of the first connecting line 141. The other end of the first connecting line 141 is connected to the second radiating arm 122. In this way, the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to the first grounding conductor 1312 through the first connecting line 141.

[0071] Along the second diagonal direction QQ', the second balun is located at the end of the third radiating arm 123 near the fourth radiating arm 124. Thus, the end of the second feed conductor 1321 furthest from the phase-shifting cavity 300 can be easily connected to the end of the third radiating arm 123 near the fourth radiating arm 124. Figure 4 As shown, a third pad 153 can be provided at the end of the second feed conductor 1321 away from the phase shift cavity 300, and the third pad 153 is connected to the end of the third radiation arm 123 near the fourth radiation arm 124.

[0072] Along the second diagonal direction QQ', the adapter piece 142 is located at the end of the third radiating arm 123 near the fourth radiating arm 124, thus facilitating the connection of the adapter piece 142 to the second grounding conductor 1322. Figure 4 As shown, a fourth pad 154 can be provided at the end of the second grounding conductor 1322 away from the phase shift cavity 300, and the fourth pad 154 is soldered to the adapter piece 142.

[0073] The extension direction of the second connecting line 143 can be along the second diagonal direction QQ'. Therefore, along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projection of the adapter piece 142 overlaps with one end of the projection of the second connecting line 143, thus facilitating the connection between the adapter piece 142 and one end of the second connecting line 143 through a metallized via. Since the extension direction of the second connecting line 143 is along the second diagonal direction QQ', it is convenient for the other end of the second connecting line 143 to be connected to the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0074] Through the aforementioned transition structure, the connection between the balun structure and the two pairs of radiating arms is achieved. Specifically, one end of the first feed conductor 1311 is electrically connected to the first radiating arm 121, one end of the first ground conductor 1312 is electrically connected to the second radiating arm 122, one end of the second feed conductor 1321 is electrically connected to the third radiating arm 123, and one end of the second ground conductor 1322 is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm 124. Feed signals entering the first feed conductor 1311 can be input to the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 via the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312, respectively. The first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 can be grounded via the first ground conductor 1312. Feed signals entering the second feed network 320 can be input to the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124 via the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322, respectively. The third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124 can be grounded via the second ground conductor 1322.

[0075] When printing the radiating arms on the radiating dielectric substrate 110, the first connecting line 141, the connecting piece 142, and the second connecting line 143 included in the adapter structure can be printed together on the radiating dielectric substrate 110. The connecting piece 142 and the second connecting line 143 are then connected via metallized vias. When connecting the balun structure to each radiating arm, the first feed conductor 1311, the second feed conductor 1321, the first ground conductor 1312, and the second ground conductor 1322 of the balun structure are soldered at their respective soldering positions.

[0076] When connecting the balun structure and the radiating arm, the first connecting line 141, the adapter piece 142, and the second connecting line 143 can be printed on the radiating dielectric substrate 110 along with the radiating arm, eliminating the need for additional connection operations. Only the adapter piece 142 and the second connecting line 143 need to be connected via metallized vias, and finally, the first feed conductor 1311, the second feed conductor 1321, the first ground conductor 1312, and the second ground conductor 1322 of the balun structure are soldered to their respective soldering positions, thus simplifying the connection operation. Furthermore, fewer connection operations and a simpler connection structure reduce signal transmission losses.

[0077] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is disposed on the second surface 112. The transition structure also includes a coupling line 144 disposed on the first surface 111. Along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projection of the coupling line 144 overlaps with the projection of the second radiating arm 122, so that the coupling line 144 and the second radiating arm 122 are coupled together. The end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first grounding conductor 1312 is connected to the coupling line 144.

[0078] Specifically, the radiating dielectric board 110 is a PCB dielectric board. When processing the radiating unit, the two pairs of radiating arms, the first connecting line 141, the adapter piece 142, the second connecting line 143, and the coupling line 144 can be printed together on the radiating dielectric board 110. No additional adapter operation is required for the coupling line 144.

[0079] In this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is disposed on the second surface 112, and the coupling line 144 is disposed on the first surface 111. The end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first grounding conductor 1312 is connected to the coupling line 144, and the coupling line 144 is coupled to the second radiating arm 122, thereby enabling the end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first radiating arm 121 to be electrically connected to the second radiating arm 122.

[0080] Through the electrical connection between the first connecting line 141 and the second radiating arm 122 in this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 and the fourth radiating arm 124 can be located together on the second surface 112, and the first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 can be located together on the first surface 111, thereby improving the consistency of the indicators of the two pairs of radiating arms.

[0081] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 121 has a first notch 121a at one end near the second radiating arm 122 along the first diagonal direction PP'. One end of the first balun is located at the first notch 121a. The third radiating arm 123 has a second notch 123a at one end near the fourth radiating arm 124 along the second diagonal direction QQ'. One end of the second balun is located at the second notch 123a.

[0082] Wherein, the first diagonal direction PP' is the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122, and the second diagonal direction QQ' is the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0083] By setting the first notch 121a and the second notch 123a, assembly space can be provided for the first balun and the second balun, while facilitating wiring of the transition structure.

[0084] Please combine Figures 4 to 6The radiation medium plate 110 is provided with a first groove 110a and a second groove 110b. One end of the first balun passes through the first groove 110a and extends out of the first surface 111, and one end of the second balun passes through the second groove 110b and extends out of the first surface 111.

[0085] Specifically, the first groove 110a and the second groove 110b can be the same shared groove, or it can be understood that the first groove 110a and the second groove 110b are connected to each other to form a groove. One end of the first balun passes through the first groove 110a and extends out of the first surface 111, and one end of the second balun passes through the second groove 110b and extends out of the first surface 111.

[0086] The first groove 110a, in conjunction with the first balun, enables the radiation dielectric plate 110 and the first balun to be positioned relative to each other. The second groove 110b, in conjunction with the second balun, enables the radiation dielectric plate 110 and the second balun to be positioned relative to each other, thereby improving the assembly reliability of the balun structure and the radiation dielectric plate 110.

[0087] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 has a first conductive segment 1221 at one end near the first radiating arm 121. The first conductive segment 1221 and the second connecting line 143 are spaced apart along the first diagonal direction PP'. The extension direction of the first conductive segment 1221 is parallel to the second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0088] The fourth radiating arm 124 has a second conductive segment 1241 at one end near the third radiating arm 123. The extension direction of the second conductive segment 1241 is parallel to the first diagonal direction PP'. The second conductive segment 1241 and the first connecting line 141 are spaced apart along the second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0089] Wherein, the first diagonal direction PP' is the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122, and the second diagonal direction QQ' is the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0090] Specifically, the second radiating arm 122 includes a first right-angled side 1222 and a second right-angled side 1223, and the first right-angled side 1222 and the second right-angled side 1223 are perpendicular to each other. The extension direction of the first right-angled side 1222 is along a first direction (i.e., the spacing direction between the first balun and the second balun), and the extension direction of the second right-angled side 1223 is along a second direction (i.e., the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312). One end of the first conductive segment 1221 is connected to the first right-angled side 1222, and the other end is connected to the second right-angled side 1223. In this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is provided with a first conductive segment 1221 parallel to the second diagonal direction QQ', and the first conductive segment 1221 and the second connecting line 143 are spaced apart along the first diagonal direction PP', thereby avoiding interference between the second radiating arm 122 and the second connecting line 143.

[0091] Similarly, the fourth radiating arm 124 includes a third right-angled side 1242 and a fourth right-angled side 1243, which are perpendicular to each other. The third right-angled side 1242 extends along a first direction (i.e., the direction of the interval between the first and second baluns), and the fourth right-angled side 1243 extends along a second direction (i.e., the arrangement direction of the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322). One end of the second conductive segment 1241 is connected to the third right-angled side 1242, and the other end is connected to the fourth right-angled side 1243. In this embodiment, the fourth radiating arm 124 is provided with a second conductive segment 1241 parallel to the first diagonal direction PP', and the second conductive segment 1241 is spaced from the first connecting line 141 along the second diagonal direction QQ', thereby avoiding interference between the fourth radiating arm 124 and the first connecting line 141.

[0092] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the coupling line 144 includes a first extension 1441, a second extension 1442, and a third extension 1443. The two ends of the second extension 1442 are respectively connected to one end of the first extension 1441 and one end of the third extension 1443. The extension direction of the second extension 1442 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0093] Along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projections of the first extension 1441, the second extension 1442, and the third extension 1443 overlap with the projection of the second radiating arm 122.

[0094] In this embodiment, the coupling line 144 includes a first extension 1441, a second extension 1442, and a third extension 1443. All three extensions overlap with the projection of the second radiating arm 122, thereby maximizing the coupling area between the coupling line 144 and the second radiating arm 122 and thus increasing the coupling energy.

[0095] Understandably, the projection of the first extension segment 1441 overlaps with the projection of the first right-angled side 1222, the projection of the second extension segment 1442 overlaps with the projection of the first conductive segment 1221, and the projection of the third extension segment 1443 overlaps with the projection of the second right-angled side 1223.

[0096] Combination Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a tortuous extension segment on the side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally opposite it. The arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position 1211a, and the two ends of the tortuous extension segment are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position 1211a. The tortuous extension segment extends to the inside of the arc-shaped conductive segment in a tortuous manner.

[0097] Specifically, taking the first radiating arm 121 as an example, the radiating arm arranged diagonally opposite it is the second radiating arm 122. The side of the first radiating arm 121 away from the second radiating arm 122 has an arc-shaped conductive segment (first arc-shaped conductive segment 1211) and a tortuous extension segment (first tortuous extension segment 1212). The first arc-shaped conductive segment 1211 has an opening position 1211a, and the two ends of the first tortuous extension segment 1212 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first arc-shaped conductive segment 1211 at the opening position 1211a. The first tortuous extension segment 1212 extends to the inside of the first arc-shaped conductive segment 1211.

[0098] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 Understandably, the second radiating arm 122, the third radiating arm 123, and the fourth radiating arm 124 have arc-shaped conductive segments and tortuous extension segments similar to the first radiating arm 121, which will not be described in detail.

[0099] In this embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive section and a tortuous extension section on the side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally opposite it. The tortuous extension section makes the corresponding radiating arm tortuous and extended, thereby extending the flow path of the current flowing through the radiating arm and thus increasing the radiation bandwidth.

[0100] Please combine Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a base station antenna in one embodiment. The base station antenna includes: a reflector 200, a phase-shifting cavity 300, and a radiating element as described in any of the above embodiments. The radiating element and the phase-shifting cavity 300 are located on opposite sides of the reflector 200. The reflector 200 has an opening 201. The phase-shifting cavity 300 includes a phase-shifting cavity, within which are a first sub-cavity 301 and a second sub-cavity 302 separated from each other. The first sub-cavity 301 has a first feed network 310, and the second sub-cavity 302 has a second feed network 320.

[0101] The cavity walls of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200 are respectively provided with a first notch 301a and a second notch 302a. The input end of the first feed conductor 1311 passes through the opening 201 and the first notch 301a and is electrically connected to the first feed network 310. The input end of the second feed conductor 1321 passes through the opening 201 and the second notch 302a and is electrically connected to the second feed network 320.

[0102] The first power supply network 310 can feed signals to the first power supply conductor 1311, and the second power supply conductor 1321 can feed signals to the second power supply conductor 1321. The first power supply network 310 can be in the form of sheet metal strips or PCB circuits. The second power supply network 320 can also be in the form of sheet metal strips or PCB circuits.

[0103] Combination Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the first balun includes a first sheet metal ground plane 1331, and the second balun includes a second sheet metal ground plane 1332. One end of the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200. One end of the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200.

[0104] Wherein, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322; or, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0105] In this embodiment, one end of the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200. One end of the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200, thus enabling the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity 300 to share a common ground. When the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity 300 are connected to a common ground, the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 can be directly connected to the phase-shifting cavity 300 without the need for an adapter PCB. This simplifies the connection process and facilitates the connection. Furthermore, electroplating is unnecessary when connecting the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 to the phase-shifting cavity 300.

[0106] Optionally, the metal material used for the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 is the same as the metal material used for the phase shift cavity 300, so that the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 can be electrically connected to the phase shift cavity 300 by laser welding, thus avoiding electroplating.

[0107] Optionally, the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 can also be coupled to the phase-shifting cavity 300. Specifically, an insulating layer can be provided between the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300, thereby allowing the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 to be electrically connected by coupling. An insulating layer can also be provided between the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300, thereby allowing the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 to be electrically connected by coupling.

[0108] Optionally, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase shifting cavity 300 can also be manufactured as an integral structure by machining.

[0109] The first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 can be manufactured by integral sheet metal forming or by machining methods such as die casting. Alternatively, a metal sheet metal grounding plate can be formed by applying a metal coating to the surface of the plastic sheet, thus creating a structure in which the surface of the plastic sheet is coated with a metal coating.

[0110] The second sheet metal floor plate 1332 can be manufactured by integral sheet metal forming or by machining methods such as die casting. Alternatively, a metal sheet metal floor plate can be formed by applying a metal coating to the surface of the plastic sheet, thus creating a structure in which the metal sheet metal floor plate has a metal coating on the surface of the plastic sheet.

[0111] Because the electrical connection between the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 is simplified and easy to complete, during production, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 can be pre-connected to the phase-shifting cavity 300. That is, the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity 300 can be prefabricated as an integral structure at the production site. Figure 2 As shown, this facilitates assembly during subsequent assembly of the base station antenna. In the actual assembly of this integrated structure with the reflector 200, the balun structure of the integrated structure can be passed through the opening 201 on the reflector 200, and combined... Figures 1 to 3 The balun structure can be passed through the opening 201 from bottom to top along the ZZ' direction, and then the reflector 200 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 can be fixed, so that the balun structure, the phase-shifting cavity 300 and the reflector 200 can be quickly assembled.

[0112] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 has a first bending portion 1331a at one end near the first sub-cavity 301. The first bending portion 1331a is bent relative to the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 in the thickness direction of the first sheet metal ground plate 1331. The first bending portion 1331a is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200.

[0113] The second sheet metal ground plate 1332 has a second bending portion 1332a at one end near the second sub-cavity 302. The second bending portion 1332a is bent relative to the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 in the thickness direction of the second sheet metal ground plate 1332. The second bending portion 1332a is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 on the side near the reflector 200.

[0114] In actual assembly, the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200 can be made of the same metal material. This allows for laser welding of the first bent portion 1331a and the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200, achieving a common ground between the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300. Similarly, the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200 can be made of the same metal material. This allows for laser welding of the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200, achieving a common ground between the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300.

[0115] Understandably, the first bending portion 1331a and the first sheet metal mounting plate 1331 are integrally formed structures and made of the same material. The second bending portion 1332a and the second sheet metal mounting plate 1332 are integrally formed structures and made of the same material.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 3 The balun structure includes a sheet metal ground plane 133, which has a first end near the radiating arm and a second end near the phase shifter. Figure 3 In the middle, the first end is the end of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 pointing in the OZ' direction, and the second end is the end of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 pointing in the OZ direction.

[0117] The metal sheet metal ground plate 133 is provided with a partition groove 133a, which extends from the first end to the second end but does not penetrate the second end, so as to form a first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and a second sheet metal ground plate 1332 separated by the partition groove 133a.

[0118] In this embodiment, the metal sheet metal base plate 133 is a single integral plate. A partition groove 133a is formed on it, creating a first sheet metal base plate 1331 and a second sheet metal base plate 1332 separated by the partition groove 133a. That is, the first sheet metal base plate 1331 and the second sheet metal base plate 1332 are located on opposite sides of the partition groove 133a. Since the partition groove 133a extends from the first end to the second end but does not penetrate through the second end, the metal sheet metal base plate 133 remains a single integral piece; that is, the first sheet metal base plate 1331 and the second sheet metal base plate 1332 are a single structural unit. This allows the relative positions of the first sheet metal base plate 1331 and the second sheet metal base plate 1332 to be fixed during assembly, facilitating their positioning.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 3 In one embodiment, the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 has a first side and a second side on both sides along its thickness direction, the first bending portion 1331a bends toward the first side relative to the first sheet metal ground plate 1331, and the second bending portion 1332a bends toward the second side relative to the second sheet metal ground plate 1332.

[0120] Specifically Figure 3 In the middle, the first side of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 is the side of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 facing the OY' direction, and the second side of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 is the side of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 facing the OY direction.

[0121] Since the bending directions of the first bending portion 1331a and the second bending portion 1332a are opposite, the first and second sides of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 can both be supported on the phase shift cavity 300, which is beneficial to the connection stability between the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300.

[0122] In other embodiments, the first bend 1331a and the second bend 1332a may both be bent toward the first side or both be bent toward the second side.

[0123] The thickness directions of the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 are along the second direction, and the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 are arranged along the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, that is, the arrangement direction of the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332. The first direction is also the spacing direction between the first balun and the second balun. The second direction is the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312.

[0124] exist Figures 1 to 3In the embodiment shown, the first sheet metal mounting plate 1331 and the second sheet metal mounting plate 1332 are separated by a partition groove 133a, but the two are still an integral structure.

[0125] In other embodiments, the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 can be two independent ground planes, i.e., they are two separate ground planes. Thus, during assembly, the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 can be assembled separately. The first PCB substrate 1313 and the second PCB substrate 1323 can be two separate and independent PCB substrates. A first insulating element is provided between the first ground conductor 1312 and the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 to enable coupling between them. A second insulating element is provided between the second ground conductor 1322 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 to enable coupling between them.

[0126] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the embodiment shown, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are located on the same side of the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 along the thickness direction.

[0127] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the second surface 112 faces the reflector 200, and the first surface 111 faces away from the reflector 200. One end of the first balun passes through the first groove 110a from bottom to top (i.e., passes through the second surface 112 and the first surface 111 in sequence), thereby protruding from the first surface 111. One end of the second balun passes through the second groove 110b from bottom to top (i.e., passes through the second surface 112 and the first surface 111 in sequence), thereby protruding from the first surface 111.

[0128] As described in the aforementioned embodiments, in two cases: the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322; or, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322. The two cases listed in this paragraph will be described below.

[0129] Regarding the case where the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322:

[0130] Please combine Figures 1 to 3The first balun includes a first PCB substrate 1313, a first power supply conductor 1311 and a first ground conductor 1312, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB substrate 1313, respectively. The second balun includes a second PCB substrate 1323, a second power supply conductor 1321 and a second ground conductor 1322, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB substrate 1323, respectively.

[0131] Two of the two radial arms in one pair are electrically connected to one end of the first feed conductor 1311 and one end of the first ground conductor 1312, respectively. Two of the two radial arms in the other pair are electrically connected to one end of the second feed conductor 1321 and one end of the second ground conductor 1322, respectively.

[0132] Specifically, in Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first PCB substrate 1313 and the second PCB substrate 1323 are a shared PCB substrate, which can also be understood as the first PCB substrate 1313 and the second PCB substrate 1323 being an integrally formed structure. In other embodiments, they can also be two separate PCB substrates.

[0133] Combination Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, two of the two radiating arms in one pair are a first radiating arm 121 and a second radiating arm 122 arranged diagonally along the first diagonal direction PP'; and two of the two radiating arms in the other pair are a third radiating arm 123 and a fourth radiating arm 124 arranged diagonally along the second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0134] The first radiating arm 121 is electrically connected to one end of the first feed conductor 1311, and the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to one end of the first ground conductor 1312. The third radiating arm 123 is electrically connected to one end of the second feed conductor 1321, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is electrically connected to one end of the second ground conductor 1322.

[0135] Since the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB substrate 1313, they can be electrically connected. Therefore, after the first feed network 310 feeds a signal to the first feed conductor 1311, the signal can be input to the first radiation arm 121 and the second radiation arm 122 via the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312, respectively. Simultaneously, since the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 is coupled to the first ground conductor 1312, and the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the first ground conductor 1312 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, thereby grounding both the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312.

[0136] Similarly, since the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322 are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB substrate 1323, they can be electrically connected. Thus, after the second feed network 320 feeds a signal to the second feed conductor 1321, the signal can be transmitted to the third radiation arm 123 and the fourth radiation arm 124 via the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322, respectively. Simultaneously, since the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 is coupled to the second ground conductor 1322, and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the second ground conductor 1322 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 can share a common ground, thereby grounding the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322.

[0137] A first insulating layer (or a first insulating component) can be provided between the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and the first grounding conductor 1312 to achieve coupling connection between the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and the first grounding conductor 1312. A second insulating layer (or a second insulating component) can be provided between the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 and the second grounding conductor 1322 to achieve coupling connection between the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 and the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0138] For the case where the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312 and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322:

[0139] Please combine Figures 7 to 9 In one embodiment, the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 is a first grounding conductor 1312 and is coupled to the first power supply conductor 1311, and the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 is a second grounding conductor 1322 and is coupled to the second power supply conductor 1321. That is, the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 and the first grounding conductor 1312 share the same structure. The second sheet metal ground plane 1332 and the second grounding conductor 1322 also share the same structure.

[0140] Wherein, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are sheet metal parts; or, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor 1311 is a conductive line attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board away from the first ground conductor 1312, and the second feed conductor 1321 is a conductive line attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board 1323 away from the second ground conductor 1322.

[0141] exist Figures 7 to 9In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are sheet metal parts. A first insulating plate 1314 is disposed between the first feed conductor 1311 and the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 (first grounding conductor 1312), and a second insulating plate 1324 is disposed between the second feed conductor 1321 and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 (second grounding conductor 1322). The first insulating plate 1314 and the second insulating plate 1324 can be a shared single insulating plate, or it can be understood that the first insulating plate 1314 and the second insulating plate 1324 are integrally formed, thereby forming a shared single insulating plate.

[0142] Another embodiment of this application (specific structure not shown) and Figures 7 to 9 The structures of the embodiments shown are basically the same, except that the first balun includes a first PCB substrate and a second PCB substrate. The first feed conductor 1311 is a conductive line attached to the side of the first PCB substrate facing away from the first ground conductor 1312 (first sheet metal ground plane 1331), so that the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 can be coupled together. The second feed conductor 1321 is a conductive line attached to the side of the second PCB substrate 1323 facing away from the second ground conductor 1322 (second sheet metal ground plane 1332), so that the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322 can be coupled together.

[0143] For this embodiment and Figures 7 to 9 In the illustrated embodiment, after the first feed network 310 feeds a signal to the first feed conductor 1311, the signal can be input to the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 through the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 (first sheet metal ground plane 1331), respectively. Simultaneously, since the first sheet metal ground plane 1331 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 can be grounded. Similarly, after the second feed network 320 feeds a signal to the second feed conductor 1321, the signal can be input to the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124 through the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322 (second sheet metal ground plane 1332), respectively. Simultaneously, since the second sheet metal ground plane 1332 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124 can be grounded.

[0144] Please combine Figures 10 to 11 Understandable. Figures 7 to 9 The connection method between the balun structure and the radiating arm in the illustrated embodiment is similar to... Figures 4 to 6 The connection method between the middle balun structure and the radial arm is basically the same, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0145] Please combine Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment, the spacing direction of the first balun and the second balun is the same as the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302, that is, the first direction is along the XX' direction. The arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 is the same as the length direction of the phase shifting cavity 300, that is, the second direction is along the YY' direction. The thickness direction of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 is along the YY' direction. The arrangement direction of the first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 is along the XX' direction.

[0146] In other embodiments, the first balun and the second balun may be arranged in the same direction (first direction) as the length direction of the phase shift cavity 300, and the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 may be arranged in the same direction (second direction) as the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302.

[0147] refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments, the metal sheet metal ground plane 133 can be integrally formed with the phase shifting cavity 300, in which case the first bending part and the second bending part are not required.

[0148] An embodiment of this application also provides a base station, including an antenna mounting bracket and any of the base station antennas described in the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

[0149] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0150] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radiating unit, characterized in that, The radiating element includes: A radiation dielectric plate and two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiation arms disposed on its surface, wherein one pair of radiation arms is a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm arranged diagonally, and the other pair of radiation arms is a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm arranged diagonally; the radiation dielectric plate has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other, the first radiation arm and the third radiation arm are disposed on the first surface, and the fourth radiation arm is disposed on the second surface. A balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction. The first balun includes a first feed conductor and a first ground conductor arranged and electrically connected along a second direction. The first feed conductor is connected to the first radiating arm. The second balun includes a second feed conductor and a second ground conductor arranged and electrically connected along a second direction. The second feed conductor is connected to the third radiating arm. The adapter structure includes a first connecting line and an adapter piece disposed on the first surface and a second connecting line disposed on the second surface. The two ends of the first connecting line are electrically connected to the first grounding conductor and the second radiating arm, respectively. The second grounding conductor is soldered to the adapter piece. One end of the second connecting line is electrically connected to the adapter piece through a metallized via, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm. The second radiating arm is disposed on the second surface; The adapter structure further includes a coupling line, which is disposed on the first surface; along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate, the projection of the coupling line overlaps with the projection of the second radiating arm, so that the coupling line is coupled to the second radiating arm. The end of the first connecting line away from the first grounding conductor is connected to the coupling line; The coupling line includes a first extension segment, a second extension segment, and a third extension segment. The two ends of the second extension segment are respectively connected to one end of the first extension segment and one end of the third extension segment. The extension direction of the second extension segment is parallel to the arrangement direction of the third and fourth radiating arms. Along the thickness direction of the radiating medium plate, the projections of the first extension, the second extension, and the third extension overlap with the projection of the second radiating arm.

2. The radiating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiating arm has a first conductive segment at one end near the first radiating arm. The first conductive segment and the second connecting line are spaced apart along a first diagonal direction, and the extension direction of the first conductive segment is parallel to the second diagonal direction. The fourth radiating arm has a second conductive segment at one end near the third radiating arm. The extension direction of the second conductive segment is parallel to the first diagonal direction, and the second conductive segment and the first connecting line are spaced apart along the second diagonal direction. Wherein, the first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm.

3. The radiating element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating arm has a first notch at one end near the second radiating arm along a first diagonal direction; one end of the first balun is located at the first notch; The third radiating arm has a second notch at one end near the fourth radiating arm along the second diagonal direction; one end of the second balun is located at the second notch; Wherein, the first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm.

4. The radiating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation medium plate is provided with a first groove and a second groove; One end of the first balun extends through the first slot and out of the first surface, and one end of the second balun extends through the second slot and out of the first surface.

5. The radiating element according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the radiating arms has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a zigzag extension segment on the side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally opposite it. The arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position, and the two ends of the zigzag extension segment are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position. The zigzag extension segment extends in a zigzag pattern towards the inside of the arc-shaped conductive segment.

6. A base station antenna, characterized in that, The base station antenna includes a reflector, a phase shifter, and a radiating element as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the radiating element and the phase shifter are respectively located on both sides of the reflector; The reflector has an opening; the phase shifter includes a phase shifting cavity, and the phase shifting cavity has a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity separated from each other. The first sub-cavity has a first power supply network, and the second sub-cavity has a second power supply network. The cavity walls of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity near the reflector are respectively provided with a first notch and a second notch; the input end of the first feed conductor passes through the opening and the first notch and is electrically connected to the first feed network; the input end of the second feed conductor passes through the opening and the second notch and is electrically connected to the second feed network.

7. The base station antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first balun includes a first sheet metal ground plane, and the second balun includes a second sheet metal ground plane. One end of the first sheet metal ground plane passes through the opening and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity near the reflector. One end of the second sheet metal ground plane passes through the opening and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity near the reflector. Wherein, the first sheet metal grounding plate is the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is the second grounding conductor; or, the first sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first balun includes a first PCB substrate, and the first power supply conductor and the first ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB substrate, respectively; the second balun includes a second PCB substrate, and the second power supply conductor and the second ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB substrate, respectively. The first sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

9. The base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first grounding conductor is a first sheet metal grounding plate and is coupled to the first feed conductor; the second grounding conductor is a second sheet metal grounding plate and is coupled to the second feed conductor. Wherein, the first power supply conductor and the second power supply conductor are sheet metal parts; or, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first power supply conductor is a conductive line attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first ground conductor, and the second power supply conductor is a conductive line attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board facing away from the second ground conductor.

10. The base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are respectively laser welded to the phase-shifting cavity; or... The first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are respectively coupled and connected to the phase shifting cavity; Alternatively, the first sheet metal ground plate, the second sheet metal ground plate, and the phase-shifting cavity may be integrally formed.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The radiating unit includes a metal sheet metal ground plate having a first end near the radiating arm and a second end near the phase shifter. The metal sheet metal ground plate is provided with a partition groove extending from the first end to the second end but not penetrating the second end, to form a first sheet metal ground plate and a second sheet metal ground plate separated by the partition groove.

12. The base station antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second direction is along the length of the phase shifter; the first direction is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

13. A base station, characterized in that, The invention includes an antenna mounting bracket and a base station antenna as described in any one of claims 6-12, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

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