Cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device

Abstract

This invention discloses a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) replacement and purification device, relating to the field of medical equipment. It includes a pump-in replacement system and a pump-out replacement system. The pump-in replacement system includes a first pump and a first storage bag, while the pump-out replacement system includes a second pump, a second storage bag, and a third storage bag. The output end of the first pump is connected to a first transmission pipe, which is connected to the input end of an defoamer. The output end of the second pump is connected to a second transmission pipe, which is a T-junction pipe. The other two ends of the second transmission pipe are connected to a main filter and a backup filter, respectively. This invention filters CSF through a cyclic replacement method, ensuring stable intracranial pressure and providing a fundamental guarantee for the normal input and output of CSF. It optimizes the intracranial environment, replacing the method of directly replacing artificial CSF. Only a small amount of artificial CSF remains in the intracranial cavity, without affecting the compositional balance of CSF, making it more suitable for different populations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device. Background Technology

[0002] Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) replacement surgery is a medical technique used to treat CSF-related diseases, widely applied in the treatment of meningitis, ventriculitis, and CSF circulation disorders. Traditional CSF replacement methods primarily involve drainage and perfusion to remove CSF from the ventricles or cisterns of the brain, while simultaneously injecting artificial CSF or saline solution to purify the CSF, reduce cerebral edema, and lower intracranial pressure. However, existing techniques have the following problems:

[0003] First: In the traditional cerebrospinal fluid replacement process, the drainage and perfusion rates are difficult to control precisely, which can easily lead to fluctuations in intracranial pressure. Both excessively high and low intracranial pressure may damage brain tissue and affect the patient's recovery.

[0004] Second: During cerebrospinal fluid replacement, air bubbles in the fluid may enter the cranial cavity, leading to serious medical problems such as air embolism. Traditional defoaming methods mainly reduce air bubbles through physical stirring, but these methods have limited effectiveness and may affect the composition of cerebrospinal fluid.

[0005] Third: Traditional cerebrospinal fluid replacement systems typically use a single-layer filtration membrane, which has a limited filtration area and is prone to clogging, leading to a decrease in filtration efficiency. In addition, a single-layer filtration membrane is difficult to completely remove bacteria and blood cells from the cerebrospinal fluid, affecting the replacement effect.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device to achieve the purpose of filtering and purifying cerebrospinal fluid, and to ensure stable intracranial pressure during the replacement process.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device, comprising:

[0009] A pump-in replacement system includes a first liquid pump and a first storage bag. The first storage bag is used to store artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The first storage bag is connected to the input end of the first liquid pump. The output end of the first liquid pump is connected to a first transmission pipe. The first transmission pipe is connected to the input end of a defoamer. The output end of the defoamer is provided with a pump-in pipe. The end of the pump-in pipe is connected to a pipe connector.

[0010] When the first liquid pump is started, it pumps out the artificial cerebrospinal fluid stored in the first storage bag, and the defoamer is used to eliminate air bubbles in the cerebrospinal fluid.

[0011] The pump-out replacement system includes a second liquid pump, a second storage bag, and a third storage bag. The input end of the second liquid pump is connected to a pump-out pipe, which is connected to another set of pipe connectors. The output end of the second liquid pump is connected to a second transmission pipe, which is a T-junction pipe. The other two ends of the second transmission pipe are respectively connected to a main filter and a backup filter. The cerebrospinal fluid passing through the second transmission pipe is filtered by the main filter and the backup filter to remove bacteria and blood cells. The output ends of the main filter and the backup filter are both connected to the input ends of the second storage bag and the third storage bag. After the cerebrospinal fluid is filtered by the main filter or the backup filter, clean cerebrospinal fluid, bacteria, and blood cells are formed.

[0012] Clean cerebrospinal fluid is collected into a second storage bag, while pathogens and blood cells are collected into a third storage bag.

[0013] The output end of the second storage bag is connected to a return pipe, which is connected to the first liquid pump. The first liquid pump then pumps the clean cerebrospinal fluid from the second storage bag into the cranial cavity.

[0014] Holes were drilled into the cranial cavity on two opposite sides using aseptic drilling techniques, and the two sets of tubing connectors were fixed at the hole locations using medical tape or sutures.

[0015] Preferably, the output terminals of both the main filter and the backup filter are connected to a second pressure sensor, which is used to monitor the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid discharged from the output terminals of the main filter and the backup filter.

[0016] Preferably, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve are respectively installed on the second transmission pipeline connecting the main filter and the backup filter.

[0017] Preferably, a first pressure sensor is provided on the pump inlet pipe and the pump outlet pipe, the first pressure sensor being used to monitor the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid entering and exiting the cranial cavity.

[0018] Preferably, the third storage bag is further provided with a waste discharge pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided on the waste discharge pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the output ends of the main filter, the backup filter, the second storage bag, and the first storage bag are equipped with a first solenoid valve.

[0020] Preferably, both the main filter and the backup filter include a filter housing. A filter membrane is disposed inside the filter housing. Multiple filter membranes are stacked vertically, with inlet gaps between adjacent membranes. A rectangular sealing plate is fixedly disposed at the same end of each filter membrane. Multiple second elastic silicone sheets are fixedly disposed around the outer periphery of the rectangular sealing plate and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter housing. A rectangular frame is fixedly disposed at the other end of each filter membrane. A first elastic silicone sheet is fixedly disposed around the outer periphery of the rectangular frame and is fixed to the inner wall of the filter housing. A flow groove is left between the two elastic silicone sheets; the outer periphery of the filter membrane and the inner wall of the filter housing form an outer chamber; the side of the rectangular sealing plate away from the filter membrane and the inner wall of the filter housing form an outlet chamber; the side of the rectangular frame away from the filter membrane and the inner wall of the filter housing form an inlet chamber; the inlet chamber is connected to the second transmission pipe through an inlet port, which is located on the filter housing; a cleansing port is provided at the lower end of the inlet chamber, which is connected to the third storage bag; the inlet chamber is connected to the liquid inlet gap; the outer chamber and the outlet chamber are connected through a flow groove; and the outlet chamber is connected to the second storage bag.

[0021] Preferably, the end of the filter membrane near the second transmission pipe is inclined toward the impurity removal port.

[0022] Preferably, a force-bearing sphere is fixedly installed on the side of the rectangular frame near the second transmission pipe, a rotating rod is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the filter housing, a rotating plate is fixedly installed on the rotating rod, the end of the rotating plate is arc-shaped, and the rotating plate is distributed correspondingly to the force-bearing sphere.

[0023] Preferably, the defoamer includes a defoamer housing, and a partition is vertically arranged inside the defoamer housing to divide the interior of the defoamer housing into a second chamber and a first chamber. The first chamber is connected to a first transmission pipe, and the second chamber is connected to a pump inlet pipe. A connection hole is provided on the partition to connect the second chamber and the first chamber. A quantity and pressure control electronic valve is also installed on the connection hole. A vacuum pump for evacuating the interior of the first chamber is provided on the defoamer housing.

[0024] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. This method uses a cyclic replacement approach to filter cerebrospinal fluid, ensuring stable intracranial pressure and providing a basic guarantee for the normal input and output of cerebrospinal fluid. It optimizes the intracranial environment and replaces the method of directly replacing artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Only a small amount of artificial cerebrospinal fluid remains in the intracranial cavity, which will not affect the compositional balance of cerebrospinal fluid and is more suitable for different populations.

[0026] 2. The pump-in replacement system and pump-out replacement system of this invention are integrated and non-removable, which meets the requirements for single clinical use and eliminates the need for temporary assembly of tubing, effectively improving the reliability of operation and avoiding the phenomenon of contamination of temporary assembly interfaces.

[0027] 3. Because the filter membrane has multiple layers instead of the traditional single-layer filter membrane, the purified cerebrospinal fluid is filtered out through the side pores of the filter membrane, which is less likely to cause filter membrane blockage. The filter core is composed of multiple parallel and densely arranged filter membranes, which increases the filtration area in a smaller cavity and minimizes the volume of the filter housing to meet the requirements of clinical use.

[0028] 4. When cerebrospinal fluid passes through the rectangular frame, it pushes the rotating plate to rotate. The rotating plate hits the force-bearing ball, causing the filter membrane to vibrate. This can further remove the bacteria and blood cells collected in the inlet gap and prevent blockage.

[0029] 5. By using a vacuum pump to evacuate the first chamber in real time, all air bubbles in the cerebrospinal fluid can be expelled, avoiding the problem of air bubbles adhering to the inner wall of the first chamber and being unable to be expelled. The cerebrospinal fluid after removing air bubbles is then filled into the second chamber at an appropriate speed and enters the pump inlet pipe, and then supplied to the cranial cavity, so that the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid entering the cranial cavity is restored.

[0030] 6. In this invention, the filter membrane uses polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane, etc. Bacteria and blood cells blocked by the hollow fiber membrane will be carried away by the cerebrospinal fluid flowing inside the membrane. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main filter structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the defoamer structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filter membrane structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular frame and the rotating rod of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter membrane of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Pipe connector; 2. Pump inlet pipe; 3. Pump outlet pipe; 4. First storage bag; 5. First liquid pump; 6. First transfer pipe; 7. Defoamer; 8. First pressure sensor; 9. Second liquid pump; 10. Main filter; 11. Third storage bag; 12. Second storage bag; 13. First solenoid valve; 14. Return pipe; 15. Second solenoid valve; 16. Third solenoid valve; 17. Second transfer pipe; 18. Backup filter; 19. Second pressure sensor; 20. Check valve; 21. Waste discharge pipe; 22. ... 23. Solenoid valve; 24. Filter housing; 25. Rectangular frame; 26. Filter membrane; 27. Rectangular sealing plate; 28. First elastic silicone sheet; 29. ​​Second elastic silicone sheet; 30. Peripheral chamber; 31. Discharge chamber; 32. Inlet chamber; 33. Impurity removal port; 34. Defoamer housing; 35. Partition plate; 36. First chamber; 37. Second chamber; 38. Vacuum pump; 39. Connection hole; 40. Quantity and pressure control electronic valve; 41. Flow groove; 42. Rotating rod; 43. Rotating plate; 44. Force-receiving ball. Detailed Implementation

[0039] This invention provides, for example Figures 1-7 The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device shown in this invention can achieve the purpose of filtering and purifying cerebrospinal fluid, and can ensure stable intracranial pressure during the replacement process.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device includes two main systems: an inflow replacement system and an outflow replacement system.

[0041] The pump-in replacement system includes a first liquid pump 5 and a first storage bag 4. The first storage bag 4 is used to store artificial cerebrospinal fluid. When the first liquid pump 5 is started, it can pump out the artificial cerebrospinal fluid stored in the first storage bag 4. The first storage bag 4 is connected to the input end of the first liquid pump 5. The output end of the first liquid pump 5 is connected to a first transmission pipe 6. The first transmission pipe 6 is connected to the input end of an antifoamer 7. The antifoamer 7 is used to eliminate air bubbles in the cerebrospinal fluid, so that the cerebrospinal fluid entering the cranial cavity is free of air bubbles and is relatively safe. The output end of the antifoamer 7 is provided with a pump-in pipe 2, and the end of the pump-in pipe 2 is connected to a pipe connector 1.

[0042] During the operation, aseptic drilling techniques are first used to drill holes into the cranial cavity on two opposite sides. Medical tape or sutures are used to fix the tube connector 1 at the hole positions. Tube connector 1 is also arranged in the same way on the other side of the cranial cavity. Tube connector 1 on the other side of the cranial cavity is connected to the pump-out replacement system.

[0043] The pump-out replacement system includes a second liquid pump 9, a second storage bag 12, and a third storage bag 11. The input end of the second liquid pump 9 is connected to a pump-out pipe 3, which is connected to a corresponding pipe connector 1. When the second liquid pump 9 is started, it can pump out the cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity. By using the replacement method of pumping out the cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity while pumping artificial cerebrospinal fluid into the cranial cavity, the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity is kept stable, and there will be no phenomenon of excessively high or low intracranial pressure that could damage brain tissue.

[0044] The output end of the second liquid pump 9 is connected to a second transmission pipe 17, which is a three-way pipe. The other two ends of the second transmission pipe 17 are connected to the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18, respectively. The cerebrospinal fluid passing through the second transmission pipe 17 can be filtered by the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18 to remove bacteria and blood cells. The output ends of the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18 are both connected to the input ends of the second storage bag 12 and the third storage bag 11. After the cerebrospinal fluid is filtered by the main filter 10 or the backup filter 18, it forms clean cerebrospinal fluid, as well as bacteria and blood cells. The clean cerebrospinal fluid is collected into the second storage bag 12, and the bacteria and blood cells are collected into the third storage bag 11. The output end of the second storage bag 12 is connected to a return pipe 14, which is connected to the first liquid pump 5. The first liquid pump 5 can pump the clean cerebrospinal fluid in the second storage bag 12 back into the cranial cavity, so that the artificial cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity is discharged and the clean cerebrospinal fluid is replaced in the cranial cavity again.

[0045] This method uses a cyclical replacement approach to filter cerebrospinal fluid, ensuring stable intracranial pressure and providing a fundamental guarantee for the normal input and output of cerebrospinal fluid. It optimizes the intracranial environment and replaces the method of directly replacing artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Only a small amount of artificial cerebrospinal fluid remains in the intracranial cavity, which will not affect the compositional balance of cerebrospinal fluid and is more suitable for different populations.

[0046] Furthermore, in this invention, a second pressure sensor 19 is connected to the output end of both the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18. The second pressure sensor 19 is used to monitor the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid discharged from the output ends of the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18. If the pressure is too low, it indicates that there is a blockage inside the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18. In order to ensure uninterrupted surgical procedures, the corresponding solenoid valve can be opened to alternately use the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18.

[0047] The second transmission pipeline 17, which connects the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18, is equipped with a second solenoid valve 15 and a third solenoid valve 16, respectively. These valves are used to control the opening and closing of the second transmission pipeline 17, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to enter the main filter 10 or the backup filter 18. The valves can be intelligently adjusted according to the actual blockage situation.

[0048] It should also be noted that a first pressure sensor 8 is installed on the pump inlet pipe 2 and the pump outlet pipe 3. The first pressure sensor 8 is used to monitor the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid entering and leaving the cranial cavity. If the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid entering the cranial cavity is low, the power of the first pump 5 can be increased to increase the pumping power; if the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid leaving the cranial cavity is high, the power of the second pump 9 can be increased to allow the high-pressure cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity to be discharged quickly, avoiding excessively high cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the cranial cavity. It can be intelligently adjusted according to actual needs, reducing the difficulty of surgery.

[0049] Furthermore, a waste discharge pipe 21 is provided on the third storage bag 11, and a fourth solenoid valve 22 is provided on the waste discharge pipe 21. When the fourth solenoid valve 22 is opened, the waste liquid in the third storage bag 11 can be discharged to avoid excessive pressure in the entire pipeline system and achieve the purpose of rapid pressure reduction.

[0050] Correspondingly, a first solenoid valve 13 is provided at the output end of the main filter 10, the backup filter 18, the output end of the second storage bag 12, and the output end of the first storage bag 4 to facilitate control of the flow direction of cerebrospinal fluid in the entire pipeline. A one-way valve 20 is also provided at the output end of the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18 to prevent cerebrospinal fluid backflow. This is a common existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The pump-in replacement system and pump-out replacement system of this invention are integrated and non-removable, which meets the requirements for single clinical use and eliminates the need for temporary assembly of tubing, effectively improving the reliability of operation and avoiding the phenomenon of contamination of temporary assembly interfaces.

[0052] refer to Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 7As shown, the main filter 10 and the backup filter 18 have identical internal and external structures, specifically including a filter housing 23. A filter membrane 25 is disposed inside the filter housing 23. Multiple filter membranes 25 are stacked vertically, with inlet gaps between adjacent membranes. A rectangular sealing plate 26 is fixedly disposed at the same end of each filter membrane 25. Multiple second elastic silicone sheets 28 are fixedly disposed around the outer periphery of the rectangular sealing plate 26. The second elastic silicone sheets 28 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter housing 23. A rectangular frame 24 is fixedly disposed at the other end of each filter membrane 25. A first elastic silicone sheet 27 is fixedly disposed around the outer periphery of the rectangular frame 24. The first elastic silicone sheet 27 is fixed to the inner wall of the filter housing 23. Multiple second elastic silicone sheets... A flow groove 41 is left between the films 28; the outer periphery of the filter membrane 25 and the inner wall of the filter housing 23 form an outer chamber 29; the side of the rectangular sealing plate 26 away from the filter membrane 25 and the inner wall of the filter housing 23 form an outlet chamber 30; the side of the rectangular frame 24 away from the filter membrane 25 and the inner wall of the filter housing 23 form an inlet chamber 31; the inlet chamber 31 is connected to the second transmission pipe 17 through an inlet 32; the inlet 32 ​​is set on the filter housing 23; a cleaning port 33 is provided at the lower end of the inlet chamber 31; the cleaning port 33 is connected to the third storage bag 11; the inlet chamber 31 is connected to the liquid inlet gap; the outer chamber 29 and the outlet chamber 30 are connected through the flow groove 41; the outlet chamber 30 is connected to the second storage bag 12.

[0053] During operation, cerebrospinal fluid is discharged into chamber 31 through the second transmission pipe 17, and then enters multiple inlet gaps through the interior of rectangular frame 24. Since multiple filter membranes 25 are provided, replacing the traditional method of providing a single filter membrane, the purified cerebrospinal fluid is filtered out from the side holes of filter membrane 25, and filter membrane clogging is not easy. The filter core is composed of multiple parallel and densely arranged filter membranes 25, thereby increasing the filtration area in a smaller cavity, so that the volume of filter housing 23 is minimized, meeting the requirements of clinical use.

[0054] In this invention, the filter membrane 25 is also arranged at an angle, with one end of the filter membrane 25 near the second transmission pipe 17 inclined toward the impurity removal port 33, which allows the bacteria and blood cells filtered out in the liquid inlet gap to slide down the filter membrane 25 to the impurity removal port 33 and be collected in the third storage bag 11.

[0055] Furthermore, a force-receiving ball 44 is fixedly installed on the side of the rectangular frame 24 near the second transmission pipe 17. A rotating rod 42 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the filter housing 23. A rotating plate 43 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 42. The end of the rotating plate 43 is arc-shaped. When the cerebrospinal fluid passes through the rectangular frame 24, it pushes the rotating plate 43 to rotate. The rotating plate 43 hits the force-receiving ball 44, causing the filter membrane 25 to vibrate. This can further discharge the bacteria and blood cells collected in the inlet gap and avoid blockage.

[0056] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the defoamer 7 includes a defoamer housing 34. A partition 35 is vertically arranged inside the defoamer housing 34, dividing the interior of the defoamer housing 34 into a second chamber 37 and a first chamber 36. The first chamber 36 is connected to the first transmission pipe 6, and the second chamber 37 is connected to the pump inlet pipe 2. A connection hole 39 is provided on the partition 35, connecting the second chamber 37 and the first chamber 36. A quantity and pressure control electronic valve 40 is also installed on the connection hole 39. A vacuum pump 38 is provided on the defoamer housing 34 to evacuate the interior of the first chamber 36. When cerebrospinal fluid enters the first chamber 36 through the first transmission pipe 6... When the first chamber 36 is in the vacuum chamber, the vacuum pump 38 evacuates the interior of the first chamber 36 in real time, reducing the air pressure in the first chamber 36. This causes the air bubbles in the cerebrospinal fluid to expand and escape under the lower air pressure. Because the vacuum pump 38 evacuates the first chamber 36 in real time, all the air bubbles in the cerebrospinal fluid can be expelled, avoiding the problem of air bubbles adhering to the inner wall of the first chamber 36 and being unable to be expelled. Then, the volume and pressure control electronic valve 40 is activated, and the cerebrospinal fluid after removing the air bubbles is filled into the second chamber 37 at an appropriate speed and then enters the pump inlet pipe 2, and is then supplied to the cranial cavity, so that the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid entering the cranial cavity is restored.

[0057] It should be noted that the filter membrane 25 in this invention uses a polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane, etc., with a membrane pore size of 80 Å to 100 Å. Bacteria and blood cells blocked by the hollow fiber membrane will be carried away by the cerebrospinal fluid flowing inside the membrane.

Claims

1. A cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device, characterized in that, include: The pump-in replacement system includes a first liquid pump (5) and a first storage bag (4). The first storage bag (4) is used to store artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The first storage bag (4) is connected to the input end of the first liquid pump (5). The output end of the first liquid pump (5) is connected to a first transmission pipe (6). The first transmission pipe (6) is connected to the input end of a defoamer (7). The output end of the defoamer (7) is provided with a pump-in pipe (2). The end of the pump-in pipe (2) is connected to a pipe connector (1). When the first liquid pump (5) is started, it pumps out the artificial cerebrospinal fluid stored in the first storage bag (4), and the defoamer (7) is used to eliminate air bubbles in the cerebrospinal fluid. The pump-out replacement system includes a second liquid pump (9), a second storage bag (12), and a third storage bag (11). The input end of the second liquid pump (9) is connected to a pump-out pipe (3), which is connected to another set of pipe connectors (1). The output end of the second liquid pump (9) is connected to a second transmission pipe (17), which is a three-way pipe. The other two ends of the second transmission pipe (17) are connected to the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18), respectively. The cerebrospinal fluid passing through the second transmission pipe (17) is filtered by the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18) to remove bacteria and blood cells. The output ends of the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18) are connected to the input ends of the second storage bag (12) and the third storage bag (11). After the cerebrospinal fluid is filtered by the main filter (10) or the backup filter (18), clean cerebrospinal fluid, bacteria, and blood cells are formed. Among them, clean cerebrospinal fluid is collected into the second storage bag (12), and bacteria and blood cells are collected into the third storage bag (11); The output end of the second storage bag (12) is connected to a return pipe (14), which is connected to the first liquid pump (5). The clean cerebrospinal fluid in the second storage bag (12) is continuously pumped into the cranial cavity through the first liquid pump (5). Holes were drilled into the cranial cavity on two opposite sides using aseptic drilling techniques. The two sets of tubing connectors (1) were fixed at the hole locations using medical tape or sutures. The pump-in replacement system and the pump-out replacement system are integrated and non-removable, forming a single-use integrated pipeline system; the output ends of the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18) are also equipped with one-way valves (20) to prevent cerebrospinal fluid backflow; The defoamer (7) includes a defoamer housing (34), and a partition (35) is vertically arranged inside the defoamer housing (34). The partition (35) divides the interior of the defoamer housing (34) into a second chamber (37) and a first chamber (36). The first chamber (36) is connected to the first transmission pipe (6), and the second chamber (37) is connected to the pump inlet pipe (2). A connection hole (39) is provided on the partition (35) connecting the second chamber (37) and the first chamber (36). A quantity control and pressure control electronic valve (40) is also installed on the connection hole (39). A vacuum pump (38) is provided on the defoamer housing (34) to evacuate the interior of the first chamber (36).

2. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output ends of the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18) are both connected to a second pressure sensor (19), which is used to monitor the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid discharged from the output ends of the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18).

3. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission pipe (17) is equipped with a second solenoid valve (15) and a third solenoid valve (16) on the pipe connecting the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18).

4. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump inlet pipe (2) and pump outlet pipe (3) are equipped with a first pressure sensor (8), which is used to monitor the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid entering and exiting the cranial cavity.

5. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third storage bag (11) is also provided with a discharge pipe (21), and a fourth solenoid valve (22) is provided on the discharge pipe (21).

6. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output ends of the main filter (10), the backup filter (18), the second storage bag (12), and the first storage bag (4) are equipped with a first solenoid valve (13).

7. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the main filter (10) and the backup filter (18) include a filter housing (23). A filter membrane (25) is disposed inside the filter housing (23). Multiple filter membranes (25) are stacked vertically, with inlet gaps between adjacent membranes (25). A rectangular sealing plate (26) is fixedly disposed at the same end of each filter membrane (25). Multiple second elastic silicone sheets (28) are fixedly disposed around the outer periphery of the rectangular sealing plate (26). The second elastic silicone sheets (28) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter housing (23). A rectangular frame (24) is fixedly disposed at the other end of each filter membrane (25). A first elastic silicone sheet (27) is fixedly disposed around the outer periphery of the rectangular frame (24). The first elastic silicone sheet (27) is fixed to the inner wall of the filter housing (23). Flow grooves are left between the multiple second elastic silicone sheets (28). 41); The outer periphery of the filter membrane (25) and the inner wall of the filter housing (23) form an outer periphery chamber (29). The side of the rectangular sealing plate (26) away from the filter membrane (25) and the inner wall of the filter housing (23) form an outlet chamber (30). The side of the rectangular frame (24) away from the filter membrane (25) and the inner wall of the filter housing (23) form an inlet chamber (31). The inlet chamber (31) and the second transmission pipe (17) are connected through an inlet (32). The inlet (32) is located on the filter housing (23). The lower end of the inlet chamber (31) is provided with a cleaning port (33). The cleaning port (33) is connected to the third storage bag (11). The inlet chamber (31) is connected to the liquid inlet gap. The outer periphery chamber (29) and the outlet chamber (30) are connected through a flow channel (41). The outlet chamber (30) is connected to the second storage bag (12).

8. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter membrane (25) is inclined toward the impurity removal port (33) at one end near the second transmission pipe (17).

9. The cerebrospinal fluid replacement and purification device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A force-bearing sphere (44) is fixedly installed on the side of the rectangular frame (24) near the second transmission pipe (17). A rotating rod (42) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the filter housing (23). A rotating plate (43) is fixedly installed on the rotating rod (42). The end of the rotating plate (43) is arc-shaped. The rotating plate (43) and the force-bearing sphere (44) are distributed accordingly.

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