Anchor cable pressure plate based on memory alloy and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a memory alloy-based anchor cable pressure bearing plate and a construction method, and the memory alloy-based anchor cable pressure bearing plate comprises a limiting plate connected to the end of an anchor cable, and the side of the limiting plate close to the anchor cable is provided with a pressure bearing plate; the pressure bearing plate is a memory metal plate; the pressure bearing plate is in a cylindrical spiral line shape in a normal temperature state; the pressure bearing plate is in a conical spiral line shape after being heated; and the outer edge of the top of the pressure bearing plate and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure bearing plate are both provided with guide grooves. The anchor cable construction is simple and has low construction difficulty, so that the construction of the anchor cable by the construction personnel is more convenient, and the construction efficiency is higher; compared with the existing anchor cable, the constructed anchor cable has higher connection stability, a wider stress surface and higher anchoring force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anchor cable construction technology, specifically to anchor cable bearing plates based on shape memory alloys and construction methods. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, anchor cable anchoring technology is widely used in engineering scenarios such as slope reinforcement, tunnel support, and foundation pit support. Its core lies in transferring the tension of the anchor cable to the stratum through the bearing plate, thereby achieving the stabilizing effect on the rock and soil mass.

[0003] Anchor cables are classified into tension type and compression type according to the stress mode of the anchor body. The ultimate bearing capacity of the anchorage section is generally controlled by the side friction resistance of the soil and rock: when the anchorage length is less than the critical value, the anchorage force increases with the increase of the anchorage length; tension type anchor bodies are under tension, and after reaching the tensile critical value, cracks appear between the upper end anchor body and the soil and rock, resulting in failure; conventional compression type anchor cables have a bearing plate under tension, which compresses the lower end anchor body, and after reaching the tensile critical value, cracks appear between the upper end anchor body and the soil and rock, resulting in failure. If distributed type (multiple anchorage sections) anchor cables are not used, when the soil and rock of the anchorage wall and the anchorage material are fixed, the ultimate anchorage force of the anchor cable is... Certainly, tension type and compression type are... The tension-compression combination type is .

[0004] From a mechanistic perspective, extended-base anchor cables can overcome the ultimate anchoring force limitation of pressure-type anchor cables: given sufficient anchor material strength, the ultimate anchoring force... , Let A be the bearing capacity of the soil and rock mass on the bearing plate, and A be the area of ​​the plate. Developing enlarged-base anchor cables and their construction technology can bring significant economic benefits to the engineering industry, making this research of great significance.

[0005] However, the existing method is difficult and inefficient to construct with expanded bottom anchors, and the insufficient contact surface at the expanded bottom position after construction results in insufficient anchoring force. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide an anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy and a construction method to solve the problems of high difficulty and poor anchoring force in existing anchor cable construction methods.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy includes a limiting plate connected to the end of the anchor cable, and a bearing plate is provided on the side of the limiting plate near the anchor cable. The pressure plate is a shape memory metal plate; The pressure plate is cylindrical and spiral-shaped at room temperature; The pressure plate becomes a conical spiral shape after being heated; After the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a plate shape.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, guide grooves are provided on the outer edge of the top of the pressure plate and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure plate.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the anchor cable is provided with a locking plate and a locking device. The locking plate has a diameter larger than the anchor hole diameter and is located at the anchor hole opening. The locking device is fixed to the anchor cable and abuts against the locking plate. The lock plate has an operating hole.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the anchor cable is provided with a diaphragm, and the outer periphery of the diaphragm is provided with an expansion ring; The partition has through holes; The oil injection pipe passes through the operating hole and the through hole, and is connected to the oil injection equipment.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the anchor cable is fitted with a spiral disc, which is spiral-shaped and has a gap between it and the anchor cable; The top of the spiral disc is equipped with a connecting rod, which passes through the operating hole; A control panel is located at the top of the connecting rod; The bottom surface of the spiral disc is equipped with a heating light strip; A sensor is located at the bottom of the spiral disk.

[0012] The anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Anchor holes are drilled in the anchor cable construction area, and the bottom of the anchor hole is enlarged. S2. Lower the anchor cable with the pressure plate, which is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate is a shape memory metal pressure plate, which is cylindrical spiral in the normal temperature state and conical spiral after being heated; S3. The pressure plate is heated, causing it to deform due to heat. Apply tension; S4. Lock the anchor cable at the anchor hole opening; anchor cable construction is complete.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, S3 includes: S311. Insert the grouting pipe into the anchor hole; S312. The first pouring is carried out through the grouting pipe, and the high heat release C40 fine stone concrete is poured to the bottom of the hole. The pressure plate reaches the jump temperature, and the pressure plate changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. S313. When the anchor cable is tightened by tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape. S314. When the strength of the first poured concrete reaches 70%-80%, apply the first tension force. ; S315. A second pour is made through the grouting pipe, pouring in C30 or C40 fine aggregate concrete; S316. Wait until the concrete strength of the second pour reaches 75% before applying the second tension. Total tensile force .

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, S3 includes: S321. Insert the oil injection pipe into the anchor hole; S322. Hot oil is injected into the bottom of the hole through the oil injection pipe, and the pressure plate reaches the jump temperature, so that the pressure plate changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. S323. When the anchor cable is tightened by tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape. Apply tension; After the anchor cable has been used: S5. Cancel the anchor cable locking, loosen the anchor cable, and reset the pressure plate; S6. Remove the anchor cable and bearing plate.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a perforated diaphragm is installed on the anchor cable, and after the anchor cable is inserted, the hole in the diaphragm is positioned above the anchor cable; the oil injection pipe passes through the hole in the diaphragm. A sealing ring is installed between the oil injection pipe and the baffle; A shape memory metal expansion ring is set on the outer ring of the partition. After hot oil is injected, the shape memory metal expansion ring expands and presses against the inner wall of the anchor hole, thus completing the seal between the partition and the anchor hole.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, S3 includes: S331. A hollow rod is provided, with a heating lamp at the end of the hollow rod, and the heating lamp is connected to an external power source; S332. The heating lamp is powered on and heats the pressure plate. S333, the pressure plate reaches the jump temperature, causing the pressure plate to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S334. When the anchor cable is tightened by tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape. Apply tension; S4 includes: S41. Anchor cable is locked at the anchor hole opening; S42. Remove the hollow rod and heating lamp; S43. Anchor cable construction completed.

[0017] This invention provides an anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy and a construction method thereof. By adopting the above solution, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. The operation of anchor cable construction is simple and the construction difficulty is low, which makes it easier for construction personnel to carry out anchor cable construction and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0018] 2. Multiple construction methods are used for the installation of anchor cables and their bearing plates, which can adapt to different construction environments and conditions, thus improving adaptability.

[0019] 3. Compared with existing anchor cables, the anchor cables after construction have higher connection stability, a wider stress surface, and higher anchoring force. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the construction process of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the construction process of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: Anchor cable 1, limiting plate 2, bearing plate 3, guide groove 301, locking plate 401, locking device 402, operating hole 403, partition 5, through hole 501, expansion ring 502, oil injection pipe 6, connecting rod 701, spiral disc 702, light strip 703, sensor 704, control panel 705. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy includes an anchor cable 1, and a bearing plate 3 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 1; the bearing plate 3 is a shape memory metal plate, which, under normal conditions, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pressure plate 3 is a cylindrical spiral shape wrapped around the outside of the anchor cable 1. After being heated, the pressure plate 3 gradually becomes a conical spiral shape. The end of the anchor cable 1 is provided with a limiting plate 2, and one end of the pressure plate 3 is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 2.

[0023] The shape memory metal material used in the pressure plate 3 is preferably a nickel-titanium alloy.

[0024] When anchor cables need to be connected, the bearing plate 3 of anchor cable 1 extends into the enlarged hole at the bottom of the anchor hole. Then, the bearing plate 3 is heated to change its shape from a cylindrical spiral to a conical spiral. Then, anchor cable 1 is pulled, and the bearing plate 3 abuts against the inner wall of the enlarged hole at the bottom of the anchor hole. Then, it is pulled further to make the bearing plate 3 into a plate. Finally, the tension-compression combined high prestressed anchor cable connection of this application is completed by casting. The connection has better stability and better anchoring force.

[0025] Furthermore, guide grooves 301 are provided on the outer edge of the top of the pressure plate 3 and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure plate 3; when the pressure plate 3 is pulled to become a plate, the guide grooves 301 are used to connect and ensure stability.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the anchor cable 1 is provided with a locking plate 401 and a locking device 402. The locking device 402 is preferably a nut adapted to the anchor cable 1, or a clamping locking block, selected according to the actual situation. The diameter of the locking plate 401 is larger than the diameter of the anchor hole and is located at the opening of the anchor hole. The locking device 402 is fixed to the anchor cable 1 and abuts against the locking plate 401. At the anchor cable 1 connecting hook, the locking device 402 is tightened to make the locking plate 401 tightly adhere to the slope surface where the anchor hole opening is located, thereby preventing the anchor cable 1 from shifting inward and ensuring stability after construction. The locking plate 401 is provided with an operating hole 403 for operations such as grouting.

[0027] Example 2: like Figure 2 As shown, the anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Anchor holes are drilled in the anchor cable construction area, and the bottom of the anchor hole is enlarged. Anchor hole forming and anchor hole bottom enlargement are completed using existing anchor hole drilling equipment.

[0028] S2. Lower the anchor cable 1 with the pressure plate 3, with the pressure plate 3 located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate 3 is a shape memory metal pressure plate, which is cylindrical spiral in the normal temperature state and conical spiral after being heated; S3. Heating the pressure plate 3 causes it to deform due to heat: S311. Insert the grouting pipe into the anchor hole; S312. The first pouring is carried out through the grouting pipe, and the high heat release C40 fine stone concrete is poured to the bottom of the hole. The pressure plate 3 reaches the jump temperature, so that the pressure plate 3 changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. S313. Using existing tensioning equipment, tension is applied and tightened through anchor cable 1, and the pressure plate 3 changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; S314. When the strength of the first poured concrete reaches 70%-80%, apply the first tension force. ; S315. A second pour is made through the grouting pipe, pouring in C30 or C40 fine aggregate concrete; S316. Wait until the concrete strength of the second pour reaches 75% before applying the second tension. Total tensile force ; S4. Lock anchor cable 1 at the anchor hole opening; anchor cable construction completed.

[0029] This embodiment adopts the structure in Embodiment 1. The solution in this embodiment facilitates the construction of the anchor cable, reduces the construction difficulty, increases the contact area between the bottom structure and the bottom hole of the anchor hole, increases the stability after connection, and makes the anchoring force stronger.

[0030] Example 3: like Figure 3 As shown, the anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Anchor holes are drilled in the anchor cable construction area, and the bottom of the anchor hole is enlarged. Anchor hole forming and anchor hole bottom enlargement are completed using existing anchor hole drilling equipment.

[0031] S2. Lower the anchor cable 1 with the pressure plate 3, with the pressure plate 3 located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate 3 is a shape memory metal pressure plate, which is cylindrical spiral in the normal temperature state and conical spiral after being heated; S3. The pressure plate 3 is heated, and the pressure plate 3 deforms due to heat. S321. Insert the oil injection pipe 6 into the anchor hole; S322. Hot oil is injected into the bottom of the hole through the oil injection pipe 6, and the pressure plate 3 reaches the jump temperature, so that the pressure plate 3 changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. S323. Using existing equipment, tension is applied to anchor cable 1 to tighten the pressure plate 3, changing it from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Apply tension; S4. Lock anchor cable 1 at the anchor hole opening; anchor cable construction completed. This embodiment adopts the structure in Embodiment 1, further simplifying the steps. By heating the pressure plate 3 with hot oil, it is only necessary to inject oil into the anchor hole, making the operation simple and more efficient.

[0032] Furthermore, after anchor cable 1 has been used: S5. Cancel the locking of anchor cable 1, loosen anchor cable 1, and reset pressure plate 3; S6. Remove anchor cable 1 and bearing plate 3.

[0033] This allows the anchor cable structure of this application to be recycled after use, and then reused after being tested and found to be correct, thus reducing costs.

[0034] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the structure used in this embodiment also includes a partition 5 on the anchor cable 1, an expansion ring 502 on the outer periphery of the partition 5, a through hole 501 inside the partition 5, an oil injection pipe 6 passing through the operating hole 403 and the through hole 501, and an oil injection device connected to the outside of the oil injection pipe 6.

[0035] After the anchor cable 1 is inserted, position the through hole 501 of the partition 5 above the anchor cable 1; allow the oil injection pipe 6 to pass through the through hole 501; A sealing ring is provided between the oil injection pipe 6 and the partition 5; a shape memory metal expansion ring 502 is provided on the outer ring of the partition 5, preferably a nickel-titanium alloy ring; after hot oil is injected, the expansion ring 502 expands and abuts against the inner wall of the anchor hole, thus completing the seal between the partition 5 and the anchor hole.

[0036] When hot oil is injected, the hot oil is blocked by the baffle 5, which allows the hot oil to accumulate to the bottom of the anchor hole more quickly, enabling the pressure plate 3 to deform more quickly due to heat, and reducing the amount of oil injected, thus reducing costs.

[0037] Example 4: like Figure 2 As shown, the anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Anchor holes are drilled in the anchor cable construction area, and the bottom of the anchor hole is enlarged. Anchor hole forming and anchor hole bottom enlargement are completed using existing anchor hole drilling equipment.

[0038] S2. Lower the anchor cable 1 with the pressure plate 3, with the pressure plate 3 located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate 3 is a shape memory metal pressure plate, which is cylindrical spiral in the normal temperature state and conical spiral after being heated; S3. The pressure plate 3 is heated, and the pressure plate 3 deforms due to heat. S331. A hollow rod is provided, with a heating lamp at the end of the hollow rod, and the heating lamp is connected to an external power source; The hollow rod is a connecting rod 701, and the heating lamp is a light strip 703, preferably an infrared heating lamp.

[0039] S332, The heating lamp is powered on and heats the pressure plate 3; S333, the pressure plate 3 reaches the jump temperature, causing the pressure plate 3 to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S334, Anchor cable 1 is tightened under tension, and bearing plate 3 changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Apply tension; The pressure plate 3 is heated by electric drive, which makes the structure simpler, the operation easier, and the safety higher.

[0040] S4. Lock anchor cable 1 at the anchor hole opening; anchor cable construction complete. S41, Anchor hole opening locking anchor cable 1; S42. Remove the hollow rod and heating lamp; S43. Anchor cable construction completed.

[0041] This embodiment uses the structure in Embodiment 1, such as Figure 5As shown, it also includes a spiral disc 702 sleeved on the anchor cable 1. The spiral disc 702 is spiral-shaped and has a gap with the anchor cable 1. The spiral disc 702 has a connecting rod 701 at its top, which passes through the operating hole 403. The connecting rod 701 is hollow to allow wiring to pass through. A control panel 705 is located at the top of the connecting rod 701. The control panel 705 can be an existing control panel and is connected to an existing power supply. A heating LED strip 703 is located on the bottom surface of the spiral disc 702. The LED strip 703 is preferably an infrared heating lamp. A sensor 704 is located at the bottom of the spiral disc 702. The sensor 704 is preferably a temperature sensor, used to detect temperature and transmit the data to the control panel 705 for display using existing methods.

[0042] When heating the pressure plate 3, the light strip 703 is controlled by the control panel 705 in the existing way. The control panel 705 acts as a switch. After the anchor cable 1 is connected and the pressure plate 3 is in place, the spiral disc 702 is pulled out by the connecting rod 701, which drives the light strip 703 and the sensor 704 to move. Then, the spiral disc 702 is rotated out of the operating hole 403 at the locking plate 401 by rotating and moving it outward. The light strip 703 structure can be removed. The operation is simple and easy to use.

[0043] This application applies to the construction of anchor cables, but is not limited to the construction of anchor cables, but also to the construction of anchor rods, etc. Anchor cables should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy, characterized in that: Includes a limiting plate (2) connected to the end of the anchor cable (1), and a pressure plate (3) is provided on the side of the limiting plate (2) near the anchor cable (1). The pressure plate (3) is a shape memory metal plate; The pressure plate (3) is cylindrical and spiral-shaped at room temperature; The pressure plate (3) becomes a conical spiral shape after being heated; After the anchor cable (1) is tightened by applying tension, the pressure plate (3) changes from a conical spiral shape to a plate shape.

2. The anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide grooves (301) are provided on the outer edge of the top of the pressure plate (3) and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure plate (3).

3. The anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anchor cable (1) is provided with a locking plate (401) and a locking device (402). The locking plate (401) has a diameter larger than the diameter of the anchor hole and is located at the opening of the anchor hole. The locking device (402) is fixed to the anchor cable (1) and abuts against the locking plate (401). The locking plate (401) is provided with an operating hole (403).

4. The anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: An anchor cable (1) is provided with a partition (5), and an expansion ring (502) is provided on the outer periphery of the partition (5); The partition (5) is provided with a through hole (501); The oil injection pipe (6) passes through the operating hole (403) and the through hole (501), and the oil injection pipe (6) is connected to the external oil injection equipment.

5. The anchor cable bearing plate based on shape memory alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchor cable (1) is fitted with a spiral disc (702), which is spiral in shape and has a gap with the anchor cable (1); The top of the spiral disk (702) is provided with a connecting rod (701), which passes through the operating hole (403). The top of the connecting rod (701) is provided with a control panel (705); The bottom surface of the spiral disk (702) is provided with a light strip (703) for heating; A sensor (704) is provided at the bottom of the spiral disk (702).

6. An anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Anchor holes are drilled in the anchor cable construction area, and the bottom of the anchor hole is enlarged. S2. Lower the anchor cable with the pressure plate, which is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate is a shape memory metal pressure plate, which is cylindrical spiral in the normal temperature state and conical spiral after being heated; S3. The pressure plate is heated, causing it to deform due to heat. When tension is applied, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a plate shape; S4. Lock the anchor cable at the anchor hole opening; anchor cable construction is complete.

7. The anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: S3 includes: S311. Insert the grouting pipe into the anchor hole; S312. The first pouring is carried out through the grouting pipe, and the high heat release C40 fine stone concrete is poured to the bottom of the hole. The pressure plate reaches the jump temperature, and the pressure plate changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. S313. When the anchor cable is tightened by tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape. S314. When the strength of the first poured concrete reaches 70%-80%, apply the first tension force. ; S315. A second pour is made through the grouting pipe, pouring in C30 or C40 fine aggregate concrete; S316. Wait until the concrete strength of the second pour reaches 75% before applying the second tension. Total tensile force .

8. The anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: S3 includes: S321. Insert the oil injection pipe into the anchor hole; S322. Hot oil is injected into the bottom of the hole through the oil injection pipe, and the pressure plate reaches the jump temperature, so that the pressure plate changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. S323. When the anchor cable is tightened by tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape. Apply tension; After the anchor cable has been used: S5. Cancel the anchor cable locking, loosen the anchor cable, and reset the pressure plate; S6. Remove the anchor cable and bearing plate.

9. The anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy according to claim 8, characterized in that: in A perforated diaphragm is installed on the anchor cable. After the anchor cable is inserted, the hole in the diaphragm is positioned above the anchor cable. The oil injection pipe passes through the hole in the diaphragm. A sealing ring is installed between the oil injection pipe and the baffle; A shape memory metal expansion ring is set on the outer ring of the partition. After hot oil is injected, the shape memory metal expansion ring expands and presses against the inner wall of the anchor hole, thus completing the seal between the partition and the anchor hole.

10. The anchor cable construction method based on shape memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: S3 includes: S331. A hollow rod is provided, with a heating lamp at the end of the hollow rod, and the heating lamp is connected to an external power source; S332. The heating lamp is powered on and heats the pressure plate. S333, the pressure plate reaches the jump temperature, causing the pressure plate to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S334. When the anchor cable is tightened by tension, the pressure plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape. Apply tension; S4 includes: S41. Anchor cable is locked at the anchor hole opening; S42. Remove the hollow rod and heating lamp; S43. Anchor cable construction completed.

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